Biology...Biology Assessment Unit AS 1 assessing Molecules and Cells [AB111] MONDAY 13 JUNE,...
Transcript of Biology...Biology Assessment Unit AS 1 assessing Molecules and Cells [AB111] MONDAY 13 JUNE,...
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For Examiner’s use only
QuestionMarksNumber
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TIME
1hour30minutes.
TotalMarks
71
Centre Number
Candidate Number
AB111
6398.13R
ADVANCED SUBSIDIARY (AS)General Certificate of Education
2011
Biology
AssessmentUnitAS1assessing
MoleculesandCells
[AB111]
MONDAY 13 JUNE, AFTERNOON
INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES
WriteyourCentreNumberandCandidateNumberinthespacesprovidedatthetopofthispage.Writeyouranswersinthespacesprovidedinthisquestionpaper.Answerall nine questions.YouareprovidedwithPhotograph 1.4forusewithQuestion4inthispaper.Donotwriteyouranswersonthisphotograph.
INFORMATION FOR CANDIDATES
Thetotalmarkforthispaperis75.SectionAcarries60marks.SectionBcarries15marks.Figuresinbracketsprinteddowntheright-handsideofpagesindicatethemarksawardedtoeachquestionorpartquestion.YouareremindedoftheneedforgoodEnglishandclear
presentationinyouranswers.Useaccuratescientificterminologyinallanswers.Youshouldspendapproximately20 minutesonSectionB.YouareexpectedtoanswerSectionBincontinuousprose.QualityofwrittencommunicationwillbeassessedinSection B,andawardedamaximumof2marks.
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6398.13R 2 [Turn over
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Marks RemarkSection A
1 Thefollowingstatementsdescribeeventswithinstagesofmeiosis.
Identifythestageineachcase.
• Bivalentsareformedwhenhomologouschromosomespair
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• Chromatidsseparateandarepulledtooppositepoles
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• Fourhaploidnucleiareformed
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• Chiasmataoccur
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Marks Remark2 Fungiarecomposedofeukaryoticcells,similartobothplantandanimal
cells.Thecellularstructureofafungusisrepresentedinthediagram.
glycogen granules nuclei
vacuole
endoplasmic reticulum cytoplasm cell wall
mitochondrion
(a) Identifywhichstructureslabelledinthediagramabovearealsofound
• inbothplantandanimalcells
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• inplantcellsbutnotinanimalcells
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• inanimalcellsbutnotinplantcells
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(b) Identifyonefeaturewhichisuniquetothecellsoffungi.
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Marks Remark
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Marks Remark
3 Usingaseriesoftests,akeywasproducedtoidentifythefollowingcarbohydrates:
cellulose, glucose, maltose, starch and sucrose.
UsingthekeyidentifyeachofthecarbohydratesAtoE.
A ______________________________________
B ______________________________________
C ______________________________________
D ______________________________________
E ______________________________________ [5]
Solubility in water
Insoluble Soluble
negativeresult
positiveresult
negativeresult
positiveresult
negative result
positiveresult
Iodine test Benedict’s test
Clinistix test
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A B C
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Marks Remark4 Photograph 1.4isasectionthroughpartoftheileum.
(a) IdentifythestructureslabelledAtoE.
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B__________________________________________
C__________________________________________
D__________________________________________
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(b) SuggestaninterpretationforthearealabelledF.
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(c) Describetheroleofthelactealwithineachvillusoftheileum.
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Marks Remark5 (a) ThediagrambelowrepresentsthestructureofDNA.
X
IdentifythepartoftheDNAstructureshownintheboxX.
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(b) Inaclassicexperiment,MatthewMeselsöhnandFrankStahlgrewbacteriainamediumwherethenitrogensourcecontainedthe‘light’nitrogenisotope,14N.Thebacteriawerethenplacedinamediumwithanitrogensourcecontainingthe‘heavy’nitrogenisotope,15N,andallowedtoreproduce.Aftermanygenerations,allDNAinthebacteriacontainedthis‘heavy’15Nisotope.ThisDNAwastermed‘heavy’DNA.
DNAextractedfrombacterialcellswascentrifugedandobservedunderultra-violetlight.TheDNAappearedasablackbandinthecentrifugetube.Thebandproducedby‘heavy’DNAwasmuchlowerinthecentrifugetubethanthatproducedby‘light’DNA.Theyareshowninthediagramsbelow.
light DNA
heavy DNA
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Marks Remark Thebacteriacontaining‘heavy’DNAwerethentransferredtoa
mediumwithanitrogensourcecontainingthe‘light’nitrogenisotope,14Nandallowedtoreproduce.Afteronegeneration,samplesofthebacteriawereremovedandtheirDNAwasextractedandcentrifuged.Thisprocesswasrepeatedafterafurthergeneration.
(i) CompletethediagramsbelowtoshowthepositionoftheextractedDNAbydrawing appropriate bands.
after onegeneration
after twogenerations
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(ii) Explaintheresultproducedafteronegeneration.
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Marks Remark6 Enzymescanbeimmobilisedforuseinbiotechnology.
(a) Outlinetwomethodsusedtoimmobiliseenzymes.
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2.___________________________________________________________
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(b) ThegraphbelowshowstheeffectofpHontheenzymesucrasewheninsolutionandwhenimmobilised.
03 5 7 9
pH
4 6 8 10
10
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Suc
rase
act
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/arb
itrar
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its 30
40sucrase in solutionimmobilised sucrase
(i) ThegraphshowsthatenzymeimmobilisationreducestheactivityofsucraseattheoptimumpH.Calculatethepercentagereductionintherateoftheactivityforthisimmobilisedsucrase.
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Marks Remark (ii) Explainthereductionintheactivityoftheimmobilisedsucrase.
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(iii)Usingtheinformationinthegraph,describeandexplainoneotherdifferenceintheactivityofthesucraseinsolutionandwhenimmobilised.
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Marks Remark7 Anexperimentwascarriedoutontherateofabsorptionoftwomonosaccharidesugarsbylivingintestinalcellsandintestinalcellsthathavebeenpoisonedwithcyanide(achemicalwhichinhibitsproductionofATPincellsbyinhibitingcellrespiration).Theresultsareshowninthetablebelow.
MonosaccharideRate of absorption/arbitrary units
Living intestinal cellsCyanide-treated intestinal cells
Glucose 1.00 0.33
Arabinose 0.29 0.29
(a) Describethetrendsevidentinthedataabove.
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(b) Identifywhichofthetwomonosaccharidesisentirelyabsorbedbydiffusion.Explainyouranswer.
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Marks Remark (c) Onceabsorbedintotheintestinalcells,glucosemaybeconverted
intoapolysaccharideforstorage.Namethepolysaccharidestoredinanimalcellsanddescribehowitissynthesisedfromglucose.
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(d) Cyanide,whichwasusedinthisinvestigationtoinhibitcellrespiration,canbedescribedasanon-competitiveenzymeinhibitor.Explainwhatismeantbytheterm‘non-competitive’.
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Marks Remark8 (a) Thewaterpotentialofacell(ψcell)hastwocomponents,thesolute
potential(ψs)andthepressurepotential(ψp).
(i) Explainwhythesolutepotentialofacell’scontentsisalwayslessthanzero.
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(ii) Statethetermwhichisusedtodescribeaplantcellwhenitspressurepotential(ψp)iszero.
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(b) Thesoluteandpressurepotentialsofcarrottissueweredeterminedafterimmersioninfiveexternalsolutions(differingintheirsolutepotential).Theseareshowninthegraphbelow.
–400
–600
–200
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Pot
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l/kP
a
–1200 –1000 –800 –600 –400 –200
solute potential ( s) of external solution/kPa
pressure potential psolute potential
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Marks Remark (i) Thewaterpotentialofthecarrottissuewascalculatedusingthe
valuesforsoluteandpressurepotentialsshowninthegraphopposite.Threeofthevaluesareshowninthetablebelow.
Complete the tablebycalculatingthetwomissingvalues.
Solute potential of the external solution /kPa
Water potential of the carrot tissue /kPa
–200 0
–400 –150
–600 –370
–800
–1000
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(ii) Plotthewaterpotentialvalues,includingthoseyouhavecalculated,onthegraphoppositeanddrawanappropriatelineofbestfit. [2]
Fullturgoroccurswhennomorewatercanenterthetissue.
(iii)Usingthegraph,determinethesolutepotentialoftheexternalsolutionatthepointoffullturgor.
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Marks Remark (c) Aweighingmethodcanbeusedtodeterminetheaveragewater
potential(ψcell)ofplanttissues,suchaspotato.
(i) Brieflydescribetheprocedurefortheweighingmethod.
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(ii) Explainhowyouwouldanalysetheresultstoobtainanestimateofthewaterpotentialofpotatocells.
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(iii)Explainthebiologicalbasisoftheweighingmethodasameansofdeterminingtheaveragewaterpotentialofthecellsinaplanttissue.
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Marks RemarkSection B
Quality of written communication is awarded a maximum of 2 marks in this section. [2]
9 Giveanaccountofthestructureofproteinsandtheirrolesinthecell-surfacemembrane. [13]
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Structureofproteins.
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Marks Remark _________________________________________________________________
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Roleofproteinsinthecell-surfacemembrane.
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THIS IS THE END OF THE QUESTION PAPER
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Permissiontoreproduceallcopyrightmaterialhasbeenappliedfor.Insomecases,effortstocontactcopyrightholdersmayhavebeenunsuccessfulandCCEAwillbehappytorectifyanyomissionsofacknowledgementinfutureifnotified.
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AB
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GCE Biology Advanced Subsidiary (AS)
Assessment Unit AS 1: Molecules and Cells
Summer 2011
Photograph 1.4
(For use with Question 4)
6398.02111071
© School of Anatomy and Human Biology, The University of Western Australia
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