KINGDOM ANIMALIA KINGDOM ANIMALIA How many organisms are there in the world?
BIOLOGY - Animalia Kingdom · 2020. 12. 10. · Animalia Kingdom January 6, 2021 Pre-AP Biology...
Transcript of BIOLOGY - Animalia Kingdom · 2020. 12. 10. · Animalia Kingdom January 6, 2021 Pre-AP Biology...
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Animalia Kingdom
January 6, 2021Pre-AP Biology
Goal: I will understand the intro to the animalia kingdom and the unique characteristics of animals.
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have are carry out
with such as
Animals
Feeding Respiration Circulation Excretion Response Movement Reproduction
Eukaryoticcells Heterotrophs
Essentialfunctions
No cell walls
Characteristics of Animals
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7 Essential Functions of Animals1. Feeding – most can’t absorb food, instead they eat it
2. Respiration – all respire, whether in water, land, or both
3. Circulation – have a system to move material around within their bodies (ex. circulatory system and diffusion)
4. Excretion – most have an excretory system that eliminates ammonia (primary waste of cells) and maintains homeostasis
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7 Essential Functions of Animals5. Response – respond to events in their environment
using nerve cells (nervous system) or receptors (cells) that respond to external stimuli
6. Movement – most are motile, some use muscle contractions to move around by working in combination with a skeleton
7. Reproduction – reproduce sexually, invertebrates can reproduce asexually
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Embryogenesis• All animals, except sponges, have a zygote that
undergoes cell divisions that form a hollow ball (called the blastula)• The blastula develops into three distinct layers of
cells: 1. Ectoderm2. Endoderm3. Mesoderm
• These layers will create all body organs
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Ectoderm• Creates the outer layer of skin, nervous system, sense
organs, etc.
Endoderm• Creates the lining of the digestive tract, respiratory
systems, urinary bladder, digestive organs, liver, and glands, etc.
Mesoderm• Creates the skeletal system, muscles, circulatory
system, reproductive organs, excretory organs, etc.
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Embryogenesis
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Body Symmetry Plans• Asymmetrical - Irregular body shape
• Ex. Sponge
• Radial - Parts are arranged around a central axis • Ex. Sea anemone
• Bilateral - Body design where there are distinct right and left halves • Ex. Human
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Radial SymmetryBilateral Symmetry
Planes ofsymmetry
Plane ofsymmetry
Ventral side
Dorsal sidePosterior end
Anterior end
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Animal Development(copy entire slide)
Example - Human
• Sperm + egg = zygote
• Embryo (0 to 8 weeks)
• Fetus (8 to 40 weeks)
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Embryogenesis
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Ectodermal Dysplasia• A group of genetic disorders
(150 syndromes identified)
• These genetic disorders affect the development or function of pores, hair, teeth, and nails (created from the ectoderm layer)
• The mutations that cause these disorders can be random or genetic
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Additional Information• There are about 35 animal phyla
• Scientists classify animals using several types of data including anatomy, patterns of embryological development, and DNA
• The animal kingdom is divided into two main groups: The vertebrates and invertebrates
• We will focus on 11 subgroups