Biology 152 – Skeletal Muscle...
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Biology 152 – Skeletal Muscle Objectives For this assignment, we will be learning muscle names, actions, origins, and insertions. Half of your credit will come from their names, so learn those first! Next, practice their actions (as a lot of credit is earned there as well). Finally, practice origins and insertions using the terminology we learned for the bones (and remembering that the origin is the ANCHORING end and the insertion MOVES). I will consider a proper answer to be similar to what I have outlined below. Note: The structures italicized and marked with an asterisk (***) are not muscles, but rather are connective tissue structures that are important for understanding the origisn or insertions of the major muscles. HEAD AND NECK MUSCULATURE Orbicularis oculi O: nasal and frontal bones, I: corner of eyelid A: squinting/blinking Masseter O: zygomatic arch, I: ramus of mandible A: elevate mandible, chewing Buccinator O: mandible and maxilla, I: orbicularis oris A: blowing, whistling, sucking Orbicularis oris O: fascia at mouth corner, I: circles back on itself A: puckering lips, kissing Sternocleidomastoid O: sternum and clavicle, I: mastoid process of temporal bone A: flex head forward Platysma O: fascia of pectoralis major on chest, I: corners of mouth A: depress mandible, tense neck Splenius capitis O: cervical spinous processes, I: mastoid process of temporal A: extend head at neck Temporalis O: temporal bone, I: coronoid process of mandible A: elevate mandible, biting
Transcript of Biology 152 – Skeletal Muscle...
Biology 152 – Skeletal Muscle Objectives For this assignment, we will be learning muscle names, actions, origins, and insertions. Half of your credit will come from their names, so learn those first! Next, practice their actions (as a lot of credit is earned there as well). Finally, practice origins and insertions using the terminology we learned for the bones (and remembering that the origin is the ANCHORING end and the insertion MOVES). I will consider a proper answer to be similar to what I have outlined below. Note:Thestructuresitalicizedandmarkedwithanasterisk(***)arenotmuscles,butratherareconnectivetissuestructuresthatareimportantforunderstandingtheorigisnorinsertionsofthemajormuscles.
HEAD AND NECK MUSCULATURE Orbicularisoculi O:nasalandfrontalbones,I:cornerofeyelid
A:squinting/blinkingMasseter O:zygomaticarch,I:ramusofmandible
A:elevatemandible,chewing Buccinator O:mandibleandmaxilla,I:orbicularisoris
A:blowing,whistling,sucking Orbicularisoris O:fasciaatmouthcorner,I:circlesbackonitself
A:puckeringlips,kissing Sternocleidomastoid O:sternumandclavicle,I:mastoidprocessoftemporalbone
A:flexheadforward Platysma O:fasciaofpectoralismajoronchest,I:cornersofmouth
A:depressmandible,tenseneck Spleniuscapitis O:cervicalspinousprocesses,I:mastoidprocessoftemporal
A:extendheadatneck Temporalis O:temporalbone,I:coronoidprocessofmandible
A:elevatemandible,biting
Frontalis O:galeaaponeurotica***,I:eyebrowA:elevateeyebrow
Occipitalis O:occipitalbone,I:galeaaponeurotica***A:anchorsscalp
Zygomaticusmajor O:zygomaticarch,I:cornerofmouthA:elevatecornerofmouth,smiling
***Galeaaponeurotica(connectivetissuesheetformingthescalp)
TORSO MUSCULATURE Deltoid O:clavicle,spineandacromionofscapula,I:deltoidtuberosity
A:abducthumerusatshoulderPectoralismajor O:upperribsandsternum,I:betweenhumeraltubercles
A:flexhumerusatshoulder Latissimusdorsi O:lumbarfasciaandthoracicspines,I:betweenhumeraltubercles
A:extend/hyperextendhumerusattheshoulder Teresmajor O:axillaryborderofscapula,I:betweenhumeraltubercles
A:adducthumerusatshoulder Pectoralisminor O:upperribs,I:coracoidprocessofscapula
A:protractanddepressscapula Serratusanterior O:upperandmiddleribs,I:vertebralborderofscapula
A:protractandelevatescapula Externaloblique O:lowerribsandlumbarfascia,I:lineaalbatopubis
A:rotatetorso,compressabdomen-"V"shape Internaloblique O:iliumandlumbarfascia,I:lineaalbatoxiphoidprocess
A:rotatetorso,compressabdomen-"A"shapeRectusabdominis O:pubis,I:xiphoidprocess
A:compressabdomen,sit-ups
Transversusabdominis
O:lubarfasciafromiliumtolowerribs,I:lineaalbafromxiphoidtopubisA:compressabdomen
Trapezius O:vertebralspinesfromcervicaltolumbar,I:acromionandspineofscapulaA:retractscapula
ShoulderRotatorCuff(stabilizersandrotatorsforhumerus)Supraspinatus O:supraspinousfossa,I:greatertubercleofhumerus
A:rotatehumeraslateralInfraspinatus O:infraspinousfossa,I:greatertubercleofhumerus
A:rotatehumeruslateralSubscapularis O:subscapularfossa,I:lessertubercleofhumerus
A:rotatehumerusmedialIntercostals(openandcompressribcagetohelprespiration;usedforinhalationandexhalation)Externalintercostals
O:uppersurfaceofribs,I:lowersurfaceofribsA:inspiration-"V"shape
Internalintercostals
O:lowersurfaceofribs,I:uppersurfaceofribsA:expiration-"A"shape
ARM MUSCULATURE - anterior flexors and posterior extensors Bicepsbrachii O:coracoidprocessandglenoidlip,I:radialtuberosity
A:flexatelbowTricepsbrachii O:scapulaandposteriortoheadofhumerus,I:olecranonofulna
A:extendatelbow
BONUSMUSCLES(inbold)withActionsBrachioradialis A:flexatelbow Brachialis A:flexelbow Pronatorteres A:pronateforearm Coracobrachialis A:flexhumerusatshoulder) Flexorcarpiulnaris A:flexatwrist Flexorcarpiradialis A:flexatwrist) Extensorcarpiradialislongus A:extendatwristExtensorcarpiradialisbrevis A:extendatwrist)Extensorcarpiulnaris A:extendatwristFlexordigitorumsuperficialis A:flexdigitsweakly(superficialy)Flexordigitorumprofundus A:flexdigitsstrongly(deeply)Extensordigitorumcommunis A:extenddigits(#2,3,and4)Palmarislongus A:tensepalm
HIPMUSCULATURE–anteriorflexors,posteriorextensors,lateralabductors,medialadductors
Iliopsoas O:iliacfossaandlumbarvertebrae,I:lessertrochanteroffemurA:flexthighathip
Pectineus O:pubis,I:lessertrochanteroffemurA:flexthighathip
Adductorlongus
O:pubis,I:lineaasperaA:adductthighathip
Adductormagnus
O:ischialtuberosity,I:lineaasperaA:adductthighathip
Sartorius O:anteriorsuperioriliacspine,I:medialtibialcondyleA:rotatekneelateral,stronglyflexknee
Gracilis O:pubis,I:medialtibialcondyleA:rotatekneemedial,slightlyflexknee
Gluteusmaximus
O:iliumandsacrum,I:glutealtuberosityoffemurA:extendthighathip
Gluteusmedius
O:posterioriliaccrest,I:greatertrochanteroffemurA:abductthighathip
Gluteusminimus
O:posterioriliaccrest,I:greatertrochanteroffemurA:extendthighathip
Tensorfascialatae
O:anterioriliaccrest,I:iliotibialtracttolateralknee***A:abductthighathip
***iliotibialtract(fasciaencasinglateralsideofthigh)
KNEE MUSCULATURE – posterior flexors (hams) and anterior extensors (quads) QuadricepsFemorisgroup-kneeextensorsgroup,shareacommoninsertion,hotdoginabun!Rectusfemoris
O:anteriorinferioriliacspine,I:tibialtuberosityA:extendkneeandflexthighathip
Vastuslateralis
O:greatertrochanteroffemur,I:tibialtuberosityA:extendknee)
Vastusmedialis
O:lessertrochanteroffemur,I:tibialtuberosityA:extendknee
Vastusintermedius
O:betweentrochantersoffemur,I:tibialtuberosityA:extendknee
Hamstrings-kneeflexorgroup,shareacommonorigin!Semimembranosus O:ischialtuberosity,I:medialtibialcondyle
A:flexkneeSemitendinosus O:ischialtuberosity,I:medialtibialcondyle
A:flexkneeBicepsfemoris O:ischialtuberosity,I:lateraltibialcondyle
A:flexkneeandextendthighathip
ANKLEMUSCULATURE–plantarflexanddorsiflexfootTibialisanterior O:lateraltotibialcrest,I:firstmetatarsal(ofhallux)
A:dorsiflexfootFibularis(orperoneus)longus/brevis
O:lateralfibulardiaphysis,I:firstmetatarsal(ofhallux)A:evert(andplantarflex)foot
Gastrocnemius O:medial/lateralfemoralcondyles,I:calcaneus(throughAchillestendon)A:plantarflexfoot
Soleus O:posteriortibia/fibula,I:calcaneus(throughAchillestendon)A:plantarflexfoot
On the practical itself, you will be given the following format:
Number Proper Muscle Name (1pnt) Proper Action/Origin/Insertion (1pnt) 1 Action: 2 Action: 3 Origin: 4 Insertion:
