BIOLOGICAL MONITORING OF LAWRENCE GARDEN

Presenter:Zainab Lali

ContentsBiological monitoring Lawrence gardenFlora FaunaMicrobes in air,water and soilMethods of analysisStorage StandardsConclusion

What Is Biological Monitoring?

Regular checking of the changes in a habitat by examining its species after regular intervals.

LAWRENCE GARDEN

• John Lawrence built the garden as a

botanical garden.

• Originally covered 176 acres.

• Current area: 121 acres (0.49 km2).

STEPS FOR MONITORING SHOULD BE PLANNED

BEFORE STARTING MONITORING

BIOLOGICAL MONITORING OF LAWRENCE GARDEN

FLORA OBSERVED: 150 varieties of trees, 140 types of shrubs, 50 types of creepers, 30 kinds of palms, almost 100

succulent plants

TREESRukh e Zard/Flame tree

Tree of Heaven

Shaitan/Alstonia

SHRUBSKHALIFA

CLIMBERSZulf e Yaar/ Fox tail

Ipomea / Ishq Picha

PalmsLADY PALM

Fish Tail Palm

FLOWERS BLOOD FLOWER

PRIDE OF ROCHESTER

FAUNA

Effected Species:

BATS

PEA COCKS

MAMMALS

• Cats

• Dogs

• Rats

BIRDS• Cockatoo• Starling• Sparrows• Owl• Kingfisher• Turtle dove• Willy wag tail

Net casting spider

Common Lizards

Dwarf Tree Frog

Insects• Butterfly• Wasps• Ants• Hoverfly• Blowfly• Rose Aphid• Lady Bugs

SOIL SAMPLING• Random soil sampling

• Surface soil sampling

• 2m depth

• Use hand augers and shovels

• Wash using 75% ethanol and 10% alcohol

SOIL SAMPLE PROCESSING

• Sample should be air dried firstly.

• Should be sieved through a 2mm mesh.

• Should be stored in a plastic bag and used

immediately

• Or it can be stored at 4oC for future

analysis.

WATER SAMPLING FOR RECREATIONAL SITES

• Water samples must range from 200ml to 1000ml

• Use plastic bottles and glass jars.• Water is stored at cool

temperatures • Bacteria can be filtered by using

0.45microns filter.

AIR SAMPLING

• Impingement

• Impaction

• Centrifugation

• Filtration

Commonly used devices for Microbial Analysis of Air

• All Glass Impinger (AGI).

• Anderson Six Stage Impaction

Sampler.

METHODS FOR COUNTING MICROORGANISMS PRESENT IN A SAMPLE

HETEROTROPHIC

PLATE COUNT

Microscope Direct Count

• All organisms are

directly counted by

using a microscope

• Time consuming

STANDARDS FOR MICROBIAL POPULATION IN RECREATIONAL AIR, WATER AND SOIL

IN WATER:

• 7 total coliforms per 100ml of

water

• Non coliformic 200 organisms

per 100mlof water

In Air:

Fungal spores <500CFU/m3

Bacteria 5000CFU/m3

IN SOIL:

Amount of fungal spores and

bacteria should be between

100-500CFU/m3

Steps to be Taken

All environmental organizations

should pay attention towards the

well being of this remarkable

garden to support beautiful and

unique species of Pakistan.