Biogeochemical cycles C, H2O, N, and O
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Transcript of Biogeochemical cycles C, H2O, N, and O
11-15-16 Warm up11-15-16 Warm up1.1. Where does the Where does the
oxygen in the air oxygen in the air come from?come from?
2.2. How do animals How do animals get the oxygen get the oxygen they need?they need?
5-10-13Objective
Create a graphic organizer that compares the C, N, O, and H2O cycles
Make thisWater H2O Carbon (C) Oxygen (O2) Nitrogen (N2)
Reservoirs (sinks)
How it moves into
living things
How it is returned to the Earth
(air, water, soil)
Human impacts
Make this on the backWater cycle Carbon cycle
Oxygen cycle Nitrogen cycle
As always
Key concepts are underlined Vocabulary is in green
BIOGEOCHEMICAL CYCLES
Everything here has always been here
Antelope eat the grassLions eat the antelopeAnd when they die, they become part of the soil and feed the grass
What does this word mean?
Biogeochemical????–Let’s break it down
• Bio =
• Geo =
• Chemical =
life
earth
chemicals
It’s a cycle!
The cycling of chemicals between the earth and living things.
Biogeochemical Cycles
Water Carbon Nitrogen Oxygen
Let’s start with an easy one
THE WATER CYCLE
Does any of this look familiar?
1. Water comes down as precipitation
2. It goes into the ground by infiltration
3. It is taken up by plant roots.
4. It returns to the air by evaporation
and transpiration
transpiration
The water lost by plants
Water gets cleaned through this cycle
Evaporation leaves the other stuff behind Flowing water naturally filtered - mostly by
decomposers
Human Impacts1. Wasteful use of freshwater
2. Loss of natural areas to replenish groundwater (infiltration)
3. Pollution
Practice
Complete the front side of your graphic organizer
Create and label a diagram of the water cycle on your graphic organizer– Include the words
• Precipitation• Evaporation• Infiltration• Transpiration
The Carbon Cycle
A series of processes through which all carbon atoms in existence rotate
http://epa.gov/climatestudents/basics/today/carbon-dioxide.html
Carbon Reservoirs–AIR – CO2 gas–WATER (oceans) -
dissolved CO2 in the oceans –EVERY LIVING THING
– as molecules–FOSSIL FUELS
Carbon moves into plants by photosynthesis
Review - Photosynthesis
CO2 + H2O C6H12O6 + O2
Animals get their carbon from their food
Carbon is returned to the atmosphere by:
1. Cellular Respiration
2. decomposition
3. Burning
If an organism dies and is buried very quickly, before decomposers can get to it, the carbon in the organism may turn into coal, gas, or oil.
We call this fossil fuel.
Human Impacts1. Burning fossil fuels adds extra CO2 to the air
2. Removal of trees reduces photosynthesis
AlaskaBrazil
3. Extra CO2 in the atmosphere diffuses into the ocean and makes it acidic
Let’s Review
Directions
Work on your own
Diagram the carbon cycle
Use your notes to make the diagram – all the information is there!
What your diagram needs: PhotosynthesisPhotosynthesis RespirationRespiration Carbon ingestion by animalsCarbon ingestion by animals DecompositionDecomposition Burning organic matterBurning organic matter Burning fossil fuelsBurning fossil fuels Producers, consumers, and decomposersProducers, consumers, and decomposers labeled arrows labeled arrows
All arrows labeled with the name of the process!
Summing it up
What is the GEO part of this cycle (where is the carbon on earth?)
What is the BIO part of this cycle?
In other words, what are the reservoirs of carbon?
The Nitrogen Cycle
Our atmosphere is 78% nitrogen
Plants and animals cannot use it in this form
It must be “fixed” first
How does the nitrogen get fixed?
There are 2 ways to “fix” nitrogen:
1. Lightening
Fixing Nitrogen
2. NITROGEN-FIXING BACTERIA that live in the roots of legumes(plants like peanuts and alfalfa)
Animals get nitrogen from their food
Decomposers returns N to the soil and air
Human Impacts1. We add extra nitrogen by using fertilizers and animal waste
Nitrogen that gets in water creates dead zones
2. We add extra nitrogen to the air by burning fossil fuels
Nitrogen in air (NO and NO2) causes smog and acid rain
Directions Work on your own
Diagram the nitrogen cycle and fill in your graphic organizer– Include:
• nitrogen fixation• How plants get N• How animals get N• How N gets put into air, water, soil