Biogas potential in Upper Silesia region in Poland. Examples of utilization. Michał Skrzypczak,...
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Biogas potential in Upper Silesia Biogas potential in Upper Silesia region in Poland. Examples of region in Poland. Examples of utilization.utilization.
Michał Skrzypczak, MSc. Eng.
VERT Energy Consulting
Conference ENEF 2006 – Banska Bystrica (SK) – 7-9.11.2006
The contents of the paperThe contents of the paper
IntroductionBiogas utilization in PolandBiogas potential in Upper Silesia
regionExamples of utilization: Żywiec,
Ostrowiec Świętokrzyski
IntroductionIntroduction
Biogas: flammable gas, which is produced as a result of methane fermentation, thanks to activity of methane bacteria. Organic compounds are changed into biogas and inorganic compounds in an oxygen-free environment.
IntroductionIntroduction
Conditions that favor methane fermentation:
temp. ca. 30 – 35 OC (mesophile f.)neutral or slightly alkaline reaction
(pH 7.0 – 7.5)period of detaining the substrate 12 –
36 days (mesophile f.)lack of light and oxygen
IntroductionIntroduction
Biogas is a mixture of the following compounds:
CH4: 40 – 85% (typical 55 – 65 %)
CO2
O2, H2S, N2, other: < 5 %
Typical calorific value: 5.5 – 6.5 kWh/m3 (19.8 – 23.3 MJ/m3)
IntroductionIntroduction
Typical biogas utilization:as fuel for boilers (heat production)as fuel for combustion engines
(electric energy production, if heat recovery is performed also heat production)
after CO2 separation, gas can be pressed into a gas grid (used in the same way as natural gas)
IntroductionIntroduction
Three main ways of biogas production: at sewage treatment plants: fermentation
of sludge at waste dumps:
a natural process which accompanies waste storage
at agricultural farms:
fermentation of animal and vegetable waste
Biogas utilization in PolandBiogas utilization in Poland
Biogas from sewage treatment plants:> 22 objects> 9.2 MWel
> 11.8 MWth
Biogas utilization in PolandBiogas utilization in Poland
Biogas from waste dumps:> 32 objects> 16.0 MWel
> 7.1 MWth
Biogas utilization in PolandBiogas utilization in Poland
Biogas from agricultural farms (and from food production industry):
< 10 objects< 5.0 MWel
Biogas potential in Upper SilesiaBiogas potential in Upper Silesia
2004 – 2005: determining the renewable energy resources at non-industrial areas of Upper Silesia region
Silesian voivodship consist of 170 communes, 22 communes (the biggest cities) have been excluded from the project
Biogas potential in Upper SilesiaBiogas potential in Upper Silesia
Orderer was:The Board of Silesian Voivodship
The project has been realized by:Polish Academy of Sciences, Mineral and Energy Economy Research Institute, Kraków
The project has been financed by:The Voivodship Fund for Environmental Protection and Water Management in Katowice
Biogas potential in Upper SilesiaBiogas potential in Upper Silesia
Theoretical and technical potential of biogas:
Theoretical potential has been assumed as maximum possible for gaining amount of power and energy from a certain source and certain area with total collecting the substance which is the source of biogas and with assuming lossless conversion of chemical energy into other effective forms of energy.
Biogas potential in Upper SilesiaBiogas potential in Upper Silesia
Theoretical and technical potential of biogas:
Technical potential has been assumed as maximum possible for gaining amount of power and energy from a certain source and certain area with such collecting the substance which is the source of biogas which is possible in reality and with assuming efficiency of conversion of chemical energy into other effective forms of energy according to available devices.
Biogas potential in Upper SilesiaBiogas potential in Upper Silesia
Theoretical potential of biogas from sewage treatment plants:
Data Results
Population: 1,960,402
Amount of sewage:
73,907,155 m3/yr.
Amount of biogas:
14,781,429 m3/yr.
Total power: 10,126 kW
Total energy: 319,279 GJ
Biogas potential in Upper SilesiaBiogas potential in Upper Silesia
Technical potential of biogas from sewage treatment plants:
Data Results
Only 10 objects:
> 5,000 m3/day
Amount of sewage:
36,938,000 m3/yr.
el = 35 % @ 100 % util.
th = 55 % @ 30 % util.
Amount of biogas:
2,955,040 m3/yr.
Total power: 1,821 kW
El. energy: 6,206 MWh/yr.
Heat: 10,531 GJ/yr.
Biogas potential in Upper SilesiaBiogas potential in Upper Silesia
Theoretical potential of biogas from waste dumps:
Data Results
Population: 1,960,402
Amount of waste:
594,002 Mg/yr.
Amount of biogas:
145,530,443 m3/yr.
Total power: 83,063 kW
Total energy:
2,619,548 GJ
Biogas potential in Upper SilesiaBiogas potential in Upper Silesia
Technical potential of biogas from waste dumps:
Data Results
Only 8 objects:
> 50 Mg/day
Amount of waste:
669,775 Mg/yr.
el = 35 % @ 100 % util.
th = 55 % @ 30 % util.
Amount of biogas:
11,721,063 m3/yr.
Total power: 6,022 kW
El. energy:
20,511 MWh/yr.
Heat: 34,812 GJ/yr.
Biogas potential in Upper SilesiaBiogas potential in Upper Silesia
Theoretical potential of biogas from animal farms:
Data Results
Cattle population:
142,644
Pigs population:
393,482
Poultry population:
12,141,284
Amount of biogas:
143,962,516 m3/yr.
Total power: 106,822 kW
Total energy:
3,368,721 GJ
Biogas potential in Upper SilesiaBiogas potential in Upper Silesia
Technical potential of biogas from animal farms:
Data Results
Only big objects:
> 100 cows (8.6 %)
> 500 pigs (13.5 %)
> 50,000 hens (68.8 %)
el = 35 % @ 100 % util.
th = 55 % @ 30 % util.
Amount of biogas:
33,714,807 m3/yr.
Total power: 22,516 kW
El. energy:
76,701 MWh/yr.
Heat: 130,174 GJ/yr.
Examples of utilizationExamples of utilization
Żywiec Ostrowiec Św.
Population: 32,199
Area: 50.57 km2
Population: 74,198
Area: 46.41 km2
Examples of utilizationExamples of utilization
Examples of utilizationExamples of utilization
Sewage treatment plant in Żywiec:
Examples of utilizationExamples of utilization
Sewage treatment plant in Ostrowiec Św.:
Examples of utilizationExamples of utilization
Żywiec Ostrowiec Św.
CHP unit: Viessmann
Vitobloc FG 114
Pel = 114 kW, = 34.0 %
Pth = 186 kW, = 55.5 %
Date of starting: 12.2001
Cost of investment:
620,000 PLN + VAT
(160,000 €)
CHP unit: Viessmann
Vitobloc FG 180
Pel = 180 kW, = 35.0 %
Pth = 270 kW, = 52.4 %
Date of starting: 09.2004
Cost of investment:
1,200,000 PLN + VAT
(310,000 €)
Examples of utilizationExamples of utilization
Amount of sewage
Żywiec Ostrowiec Św.
2003: 4,856,423 m3
2004: 5,118,321 m3
2005: 5,178,258 m3
average: 13,840 m3/day
2005: 4,872,704 m3
average: 13,350 m3/day
Examples of utilizationExamples of utilization
Amount of biogas
Żywiec Ostrowiec Św.
2003: 428,814 m3
2004: 516,539 m3
2005: 479,556 m3
average: 54.2 m3/h
Average calorific value:
23.5 MJ/m3
2005: 744,388 m3
average: 85.0 m3/h
Average calorific value:
22.7 MJ/m3
Examples of utilizationExamples of utilization
CHP worktime
Żywiec Ostrowiec Św.
2003: 7,500 h (85.6 %)
2004: 8,285 h (94.6 %)
2005: 7,930 h (90.5 %)
average: 7,905 h (90.2 %)
2005: no data available
Examples of utilizationExamples of utilization
CHP load
Żywiec Ostrowiec Św.
2003: 84.7 %
2004: 72.3 %
2005: 83.0 %
approx. 80.0 %
2005: 71.8 % (together with CHP worktime)
Examples of utilizationExamples of utilization
El. energy produced by CHP / Total el. energy used
Żywiec Ostrowiec Św.
2003: 24.6 %
2004: 23.6 %
2005: 26.8 %
average: 25.0 %
2005: 44.7 %
Examples of utilizationExamples of utilization
Heat produced by CHP / Total heat used
Żywiec Ostrowiec Św.
2003: 73.5 %
2004: 80.2 %
2005: 72.7 %
average: 75.5 %
2005: no data available
Examples of utilizationExamples of utilization
Income from selling el. energy from RES in Poland:
0.12 PLN/kWh (selling energy to local distributor, price fixed once a year)
average 0.30 PLN/kWh(0.077 €/kWh, 2.82 SKK/kWh)
0.14 – 0.21 PLN/kWh (selling certificate of origin energy from RES at stock or free market, maximum possible price is 0.24 PLN/kWh)
Thank you for your attention!Thank you for your attention!
VERT Energy ConsultingBielsko-Biała, Poland
e-mail: [email protected]:www.skrzypczak.pl
The company deals with problems of: reducing energy consumption reducing costs of energy purchase and production using Renewable Energy Sources