Bioenergy: Short status of the situation in Denmark
description
Transcript of Bioenergy: Short status of the situation in Denmark
Danish Agricultural Advisory ServiceNational Centre
Bioenergy: Short status of the
situation in Denmark
Kathrine Hauge Madsen
Danish Agricultural Advisory ServiceNational Centre
Content
• Production of energy in Denmark
• Biomass production for energy• Solid fuels
• Transport fuels
• Crops for biogas production
• New energy policy announced by Danish government 19 January 07
11% of energy consump.
0,1% - 0-?% -
North sea oil
Oil
production of primary energy
Danish Energy Authority 2006
Danish Agricultural Advisory ServiceNational Centre
Peter B. Nissen from Danish Energy Authority 2006
Oil production, consumption and prediction for Denmark
?Technology
Danish Agricultural Advisory ServiceNational Centre
Energy production in Denmark
Danish Energy Authority 2006
Danish Agricultural Advisory ServiceNational Centre
Available resources of waste/secondary biomass
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
Straw Wood Manure Waste
PJ
Used 2004 Available
Danish Energy Authority 2006
Danish Agricultural Advisory ServiceNational Centre
Straw in the Danish energy supply
0
5
10
15
20
1972
1977
1980
1983
1986
1989
1992
1995
1998
2001
2004
Year
PJ
Danish Energy Authority 2006
Danish Agricultural Advisory ServiceNational Centre
Prohibited to burn cereal grains in boilers larger than 250 kW
• § 13. The board cannot approve coal, and products which may be use for food, including fish- and oilseed rape oil, surplus butter, cereals etc. as fuels for the public heating plants• Danish legislation concerning new projects in the
public heating supply sector
• Ethical concerns about use of food products in a world where some people starve
Danish Agricultural Advisory ServiceNational Centre
Energy crops in Denmark 2006
Type Ha Percent
Oilseed rape 58.555 2,26
Willow (Salix) 1.501 0,06
Miscanthus 64 0,002
Proportion of Danish arable land
Below 5%
DFFE, November 06
(85-100.000)
Willow (Salix)• Low level of nitrate
leaching
• Higher density of animals
• Income from hunting
• Different pattern of work load
• Grows for 18-25 years
• Harvested during winter
• Reasonable economy
• 300-2.200 DKK pr. ha
• Option to use sewage sludge for fertilizing crop
Danish Agricultural Advisory ServiceNational Centre
Market for wood chips and pellets in Denmark
02468
10121416
PJ
Danish Import
02468
10121416
PJ
Danish Import
Wood pellets Wood chips
Danish Energy Authority 2006
Danish Agricultural Advisory ServiceNational Centre
1. vs. 2. Generation bioethanol
• 1. Generation known technology
• Cereals, maize, sugar beets, sugar cane
• 2. Generation under development
• Use of whole plants and waste products, but needs to be scaled up
Bio95 introduced 30 May 2006
Danish Agricultural Advisory ServiceNational Centre
IBUS: 1 ton straw per hour
Pretreatment equipment
Anne Belinda Thomsen, Risø
Maxifuel pilot plant ethanol and biogas
Birgitte Ahring, DTU
Biogas plants in Denmark• 4-5% of the Danish slurry
production
• 19 Centralized plants
• 60 farm scale plants
• Guarantied price on electricity produced
• 0.60 DKK per kWh ~ 0.08 €
• 0.45 DKK per kg dry matter
• Limited amounts of organic waste
• Interest for energy crops
Jens Bo Holm-Nielsen
Danish Agricultural Advisory ServiceNational Centre
Energy crops for biogas production – Contribution margin after machinery costs
-3000
-2000
-1000
0
1000
2000
Maize Triticale Oilseed rape Permanentgrassland
DK
K p
er
ha
2004 10% energy crop
Danish Agricultural Advisory ServiceNational Centre
New energy plan 2025, 1
Renewable energy in percent of total energy consumption
DK-2025
EU-2020
Danish Agricultural Advisory ServiceNational Centre
New energy plan 2025, 2
• Renewable energy at least 30% by 2025• More biomass for co-generated heat and electricity
• Triple the use of biogas
• Establish 50 large plants
• Biofuels for transport 10% by 2020• Before 2010 full scale research refineries for 2.
generation bioethanol
• Provided economical and environmentally sustainable technology is available….
• Waste/secondary products (waste, straw, slurry)
• Currently debated in the Danish parliament
New energy plan 2025, 3
Example: 30% renewable energy by 2025
Waste
Biogas
Straw and wood
Windpower
Heat pumps, solar cells etc.
Danish Agricultural Advisory ServiceNational Centre
• DK total energy consumption constant• Same level as in the 1970s
• Research/development doubled • 1 billion DKK
• Aim: less dependency of fossil fuels
• Currently negotiated with the Danish parliament
New energy plan 2025, 4