BIODIVERSITY OF KYRGYZSTAN AND ITS INFLUENCE ON THE SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT Dr. Taasilkan Zhumabaeva...

BIODIVERSITY OF KYRGYZSTAN BIODIVERSITY OF KYRGYZSTAN AND ITS INFLUENCE ON THE AND ITS INFLUENCE ON THE

SUSTAINABLE SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT DEVELOPMENT

• Dr. Taasilkan Zhumabaeva

• 1st Winter Summit at the Anatolian Summit (WISAS)

• “Collaborative Projects on Tourism, Sports, Bio-Diversity and Global Changes”, Febrary 23-26,2012, Erzurum/Turkye

BIODIVERSITYBIODIVERSITY OF KYRGYZSTAN OF KYRGYZSTAN

• -It is known, that, 93% of the territory of Kyrgyz Republic is presented by non-disturbed and lightly disturbed natural eco-systems.-Kyrgyz scientists pointed out 22 class of eco-system. The biodiversity majority of eco-system is located on mid-mountainous zone between 2000-3000 m. above sea level, where can be met 14 among 22 class of eco-system, or 63,6% of territory.

Territory, occpied by main types of naturel Territory, occpied by main types of naturel eco-system (eco-system (percent of total territorypercent of total territory))

Cultural lands 18,1

Tugai 5,8

Bushes 6,2

Meadows 1,4

Steppe 3,4

Savannoids 1,4

Deserts 0,2

Mountainous non-watered area 1,7

Lakes and marshes 5,8

Nivale –sub-nivale zone 19, 9

Forests 6,6

BIODIVERSITYBIODIVERSITY OF KYRGYZSTAN (Alay, OF KYRGYZSTAN (Alay, Noth Tyanshan)Noth Tyanshan)

BIODIVERSITYBIODIVERSITY OF KYRGYZSTAN ( OF KYRGYZSTAN (Alay, Alay,

Noth Tyanshan)Noth Tyanshan)

BIODIVERSITYBIODIVERSITY OF KYRGYZSTAN OF KYRGYZSTAN (Central Tyanshan, (Central Tyanshan,

Issyk-kyl)Issyk-kyl)

• The mountain Pamir -Alay


• The Lake Issyk-Kul


• Nut of the greek

tthe most beautiful lake in the west he most beautiful lake in the west of of KyrgyzstanKyrgyzstan is considered to be the is considered to be the ......

Quantity of types in different Quantity of types in different systematic groups systematic groups ((percent of total territorypercent of total territory))

54,1

16,9

17,6

2,5

8,9

Non-vertebrates

Mus hrooms

Highes t plants

V ertebrates

L owes t plants

Non-vertebrates 54,1

Mushrooms 16,9

Highest plants 17,6

Vertebrates 2,5

Lowest plants 8,9

Percent of total amountPercent of total amount

Among mammals to endemic types belong Menzbira ground Among mammals to endemic types belong Menzbira ground squirrel, reluctant gopher, red Tyanshan and silver mice, red squirrel, reluctant gopher, red Tyanshan and silver mice, red

crying bird.crying bird.Tyanshan and Pamir- Alai endemics are presented by 4 types Tyanshan and Pamir- Alai endemics are presented by 4 types of reptiles: Nicolsky lizard, Turkestan lizard, Pavlovsky lizard of reptiles: Nicolsky lizard, Turkestan lizard, Pavlovsky lizard

and Alai eyeless.and Alai eyeless.


• Lizard (Серый варан)

• The wildlife found in Kyrgyzstan

• is also rich and diverse.

92 types of animals and 65 plants types, which form 92 types of animals and 65 plants types, which form about 1% of varietal wealth of Kyrgyzstan under the risk about 1% of varietal wealth of Kyrgyzstan under the risk

of disappearance of disappearance

•

Reservations and national parks of Reservations and national parks of KyrgyzstanKyrgyzstan

The reservation of the SarychelekThe reservation of the Sarychelek

The national park of the Kulun-AtaThe national park of the Kulun-Ata

The reservation of the Besh-AralThe reservation of the Besh-Aral

The red book of the KyrgyzstanThe red book of the Kyrgyzstan

The red book of The red book of the Kyrgyzstanthe Kyrgyzstan

• Otocolobus manul ferruginea —

At present into the Red Book of Kyrgyzstan At present into the Red Book of Kyrgyzstan there are included 68 animal types and 71 there are included 68 animal types and 71

plant typesplant types

• Endemics of the flores Kyrgyzstan• Kolokolchik Alaya Filomoidos milko

Kolokolchik Ebgeni Rhaponticum-endemic

Flora of the Flora of the KyrgyzstanKyrgyzstan

Fumariola turkestanica

Flora of the KyrgyzstanFlora of the Kyrgyzstan

Economic activity-Economic activity- including of biodiversity including of biodiversity into macro-economic points of the country, into macro-economic points of the country,

potential economic benefits from bio-potential economic benefits from bio-variety, in itself, direct variety, in itself, direct

(medicine and raw material, materials for (medicine and raw material, materials for selection and formation) and additional selection and formation) and additional (echo-tourism), as well, as expenses- (echo-tourism), as well, as expenses- restoration of damaged biodiversity.restoration of damaged biodiversity.

Manage mentalManage mental – formation of partnership – formation of partnership by involvement into cooperative activity of by involvement into cooperative activity of state and non-governmental offices, local state and non-governmental offices, local

population and the whole public.population and the whole public.

Juridical(Law)Juridical(Law) – including of terms and – including of terms and definitions, connected with biodiversity definitions, connected with biodiversity

into all corresponding legislative into all corresponding legislative norms, formation of legal support of norms, formation of legal support of

biodiversity.biodiversity.

Scientific Scientific – formalization of procedures – formalization of procedures of solution adoption, search for of solution adoption, search for

indicators of biodiversity, make up indicators of biodiversity, make up biodiversitial cadastres, monitoring biodiversitial cadastres, monitoring

organization.organization.

Three-unitedThree-united concept of concept of sustainable development sustainable development

appeared as a result of union of appeared as a result of union of three main points of view:three main points of view:

• economic• social • ecological

• From the economic point of view: optimal use of natural resources;

• the use of ecological, natural, energetic and material-saving technologies, including mining and raw material recycling, formation of ecological accepted products, minimization of wastes, their recycling and destroy.

• There appeared two types of stability:• weak, when mentioning about not-decreasing in time

of natural and produced capital;• strong - when there should not be decreased

natural capital (within a part of profit from sales of not renovated resources, directed on the increase of value of renewed natural capital).

Social basisSocial basis of sustainable development is of sustainable development is oriented on human and directed on preservation of oriented on human and directed on preservation of

stability of social and cultural systems, including stability of social and cultural systems, including reduce of the number of distracting conflicts reduce of the number of distracting conflicts

between people. To achieve stability of between people. To achieve stability of development of modern society there is a necessity development of modern society there is a necessity

of the formation of more effective system of of the formation of more effective system of solution adoption, considering the historical solution adoption, considering the historical experience and encouraging pluralism. It is experience and encouraging pluralism. It is

important to reach not only inner, but important to reach not only inner, but intergenerational fairness.intergenerational fairness.

Within the concept visions, human development is Within the concept visions, human development is not only the object, but a subject of the not only the object, but a subject of the

development. Based on widening of variants of development. Based on widening of variants of human choice, as a main value, the concept of human choice, as a main value, the concept of

sustainable development considers, that human sustainable development considers, that human should participate in the process, which forms should participate in the process, which forms

sphere of his life activity, contributes to accept and sphere of his life activity, contributes to accept and realize solutions and controls its realization.realize solutions and controls its realization.

From ecological point of view, steady development should supply intact biological and

physical natural system. Special significance has life capability of echo-systems, from which depends global stability of the whole bio-sphere. More over,

the definition of “natural” system and areas of inhabitance can be understood widely, including

formed man made sphere, such as cities.Basic attention should be devoted to preservation of

the ability to self-restoration and dynamic adaptation of such systems to changes, but non-

preservation of them only in “ideal” static condition. Degradation of and the loss of biological diversity shorten the ability of ecological systems to self-

restoration

Sky mountainouse of the KyrgyzstanSky mountainouse of the Kyrgyzstan

• Pick Khan Tengry (пик Хан- Тенгри (7110 м)

Expedition to Tian-Shan Expedition to Tian-Shan (2010)(2010)

Expedition to Tian-Shan (1966)Expedition to Tian-Shan (1966)

Pick Lenina (Pick Lenina (пик Ленинапик Ленина (7134) (7134)


Pick Lenina in night (Pick Lenina in night (пик Ленинапик Ленина (7134) (7134)

Biodiversity of the KyrgyzstanBiodiversity of the Kyrgyzstan

Biodiversity of the Biodiversity of the KyrgyzstanKyrgyzstan


• Tien Shan mountains Ala-Archa canyon Ancient forests Dolon pass, Kyrgyzstan

Welcome to Welcome to Kyrgyzstan!Kyrgyzstan!

Thank you for Thank you for attentionattention

BIODIVERSITY OF KYRGYZSTAN AND ITS INFLUENCE ON THE SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT Dr. Taasilkan Zhumabaeva...

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