Presentation on Bio-fuels

3

Presented By– Akshay Samant, Abhijit Singh,

Manvit Kaur, Manish, Titanun

Contents

• What is Bio-Diesel?

• Uses of Bio-Diesel

• Biofuel Life Cycle

• Jatropha Process

• Features Of Jatropha- Biodiesel

• Facts & Figures

• Production Cost and Revenue

• Drivers and Challenges

• Practicality

• Conclusion

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What is Bio-Diesel?

a processed fuel derived from biological sources (such as vegetable oils), which can be used in unmodified diesel-engined vehicles.

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Uses of Biodiesel

• Electricity production

• Transportation– Railways– Ships– Automobiles

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Jatropha Process

Features Of Jatropha- Biodiesel

• Jatropha grows well on low fertility soils

• Jatropha begins yielding seeds in the first year after plantation.

Facts & Figures

• The cost of 1kg of jatropha seeds in India is 6 Rupees.

• The cost of 1000 jatropha saplings (enough for one acre) in Pakistan is around 5000PKR.

• After the first five years, the typical annual yield of a jatropha tree is 3.5kg of beans.

• Jatropha trees are productive for up to 30-40 years.

• 2,200 trees can be planted per hectare (approx 1,000 per acre).

• 1 hectare yields around 7 tonnes of seeds per year.

• The oil pressed from 4kg of seeds is needed to make 1 litre of biodiesel

Facts & Figures• Glycerol, a biproduct of biodiesel refinement, can be sold in

India for around 45-70p per kilogram.• Crushing 1 tonne of Jatropha seeds costs around $40 (£23)• 1 tonne of seedcake (the leftovers after pressing) can be

sold for $100 (£55).• Filtered jatropha oil can be used as is in many diesel

vehicles (as SVO) with only small modifications required to the engine.

• Jatropha oil can be used as a kerosene substitute for heating and lamps.

• Jatropha oil burns with a clear smokeless flame.• Bio-Diesel is sold in India at Rs.36/litre.

BIO-DIESEL PLANT

Production Cost and Revenue

Production Cost and Profit

• Cost of raw jatropha oil = Rs. 22/litre

• Biodiesel processing cost = Rs. 9/litre

• Cost of production = Rs. 31/litre

• Less return from crude glycerol = Rs. 3/litre

• Net cost of production = Rs. 28/litre

• Dealers margin = Rs. 1/litre

• Profit = Rs. 3/litre

• Sale price of biodiesel = Rs. 32/litre

Drivers & Challenges

Drivers• Increasing energy demand

and rise in oil prices

• National Bio-fuel Policies

• Support from automobile manufacturers (GM motors and US Dept of Energy are collaborating with Indian Research institute)

Challenges• Raw material supply

constraints

• Food v/s Fuel

• Cost competitiveness

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Practicality

Indian Railways • Singed MoU with Indian Oil

Corporation for planting Jatropha.

• 43000 hec out which 81 hec is planted.

• RDSO-Transesterification Plant for Biodiesel.

Regenatec• British Company

• JV activity in India with CleanStar.

• Beed District.

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Some more practicalities

• The former President of India, Dr. Abdul Kalam, is one of the strong advocaters of Jatropha cultivation for production of bio-diesel.

• The State Bank of India provided a boost to the cultivation of Jatropha in India by signing a MoU with D1 Mohan, a joint venture of D1 Oils plc, to give loans to the tune of 1.3 billion rupees to local farmers in India.

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Older diesel Mercedes are popular for running on biodiesel

Interesting practicalities states

• Andhra Pradesh has entered into a formal agreement with Reliance Industries for Jatropha planting.

– The company has selected 200 acres (0.81 km2) of land at Kakinada to grow Jatropha for high quality bio-diesel fuel.

• Chhattisgarh has decided to plant 160 million saplings of Jatropha in all its 16 districts during 2006 with the aim of becoming a bio-fuel self-reliant state by 2015.

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Maharashtra-

• In Nov 2005, the Maharashtra Government aimed to cultivate Jatropha on 600 km² in the state.

• On July 1, 2006, Pune Municipal Corporation took the lead among Indian cities in using bio-diesel from Jatropha in over 100 public buses.

• September 2007-Hindustan Petroleum Corporation Limited(HPCL) joined hands with the Maharashtra State Farming Corporation Ltd(MSFCL) for a Jatropha seed-based bio-diesel venture.

• Jatropha plant would be grown on 500 acres (2 km²) in Nashik and Aurangabad.

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Conclusion

• By mixing of 20 per cent biodiesel with diesel will help India to save 7.3x106 tonnes of diesel per year.

• In India about 33 million hectares of wasteland is available and can effectively be used for cultivation of jatropha plants.

• It offers business possibility to agricultural enterprises and rural employment.

Bibli

Bibliography

ography

• Jatrophaworld.org

• Reuk.co.uk

• Regenatec

• Inchem.org

• Wikipedia

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