BIODIESEL FROM KAPOK SEEDS OIL
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BIODIESEL FROM BIODIESEL FROM KAPOK SEEDS OILKAPOK SEEDS OIL
By Group 8Agus Aktawan (Chemical Engineering)Bram Styawan (Electrical Engineering)
Humaidi Usman (Mechanical Engineering)
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TOTAL WORLD OIL RESERVES
TOTAL ENERGY DEMAND
ENVIRONMENT DESTRUCTION
UNEMPLOYEE
GREEN ENERGY PROGRAMPROBLEM
RENEWABLE ENERGY
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What for?What for?
PROFIT???
AWARENESS OF ENVIRONMENT
OPTIMIZING THE POTENTIAL
IMPROVEMENT SKILL AND
KNOWLEDGE
MOTIVATING THE USE
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START!!START!!!!
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PLANNINGPLANNINGBIGproject
Pasuruan, East JavaCapacity plant : 30000m2 Product : Bio-Diesel (65 million kg/year)
Time : periodical (subtitution)
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ControllingControlling
OPERATIONAL
RAW MATERIAL
1.PLANT2. BUY
CENTRAL(Pasuruan)
branch
branch branch
branch branch
branch
branchbranch
WORKER
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InfoInfo Biodiesel is a product resulted from chemical reaction of
vegetable oil that has same character s like diesel fuel Kapok is in Ordo Malvales dan famili Malvaceae Known as kapas Jawa or kapok Jawa, or kapas-sutra tree Several functions of Kapuk Tree, especially as pillow
stuffing, but....
Long time ago, Kapuk Randu seeds known as a “waste product”
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Biodisel SpecificationBiodisel Specification
standard biodiesel yang sesuai dengan SNI 04-7182-2006
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Why Kapok?Why Kapok? Getting from renewable raw material Number of Cetane is High High viscocity Local production Low sulfur contaminated Decreasing the smoke opacity level Decreasing the emition problems Increasing the number of biodegradability product (mix)
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Area Source,Area Source,tahun areal (Ha) produksi (ton) produktivitas2006 82.270 28.506 5582007 82.270 28.506 5582008 79.953 30.011 5822009 80.963 30.718 595
rata-rata 80.963 29.435 573Perkebunan Rakyat in East Jawa = 75.384 Ha
- Kabupaten Pasuruan =14.924 Ha,- Sumenep = 9.742 Ha, - Probolinggo = 5.786 Ha, - Ngawi = 3.776 Ha,- Lamongan = 3.528 Ha,- Bangkalan = 3.531 Ha,- Ponorogo = 3.226 Ha,- Madiun = 3.048 Ha, - Blitar = 2.830 Ha, - Bojonegoro = 2.755 Ha,- Sampang = 1.905 Ha, - Malang = 1.625 Ha
Table. Field Development, production and productivity of kapuk Randu in East Java
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The Process of Making BiodieselThe Process of Making Biodiesel
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1. Kapok seeds collecting1. Kapok seeds collecting
Kapok seed oil is obtained from pressing the kapok seeds,kapok seeds itself are getting from Pasuruan, with
a land area of kapok tree is 12,604 ha with the number of 2,048,757 trees and the production reaches 4170 tons with a yield reached 7900 tons of seed kapok.
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2. Kapok Seed pressing2. Kapok Seed pressing
Pressed kapok seeds were conducted to obtain kapok seed oil. This pressing using a screw press equipment because it can produce maximum kapok seed oil:
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Oil Pressing DiagramOil Pressing Diagram
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3. Oil filtering3. Oil filtering
Oil filtering is done to get more clean oil and free from particles or dirty, this filter use the filter press tool.
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4. Biodiesel Production Process4. Biodiesel Production Process The process of making biodiesel is made from the esterification
process or reaction processes from kapok seeds oil with methanol that catalyzed by H2SO4 (Sulfuric Acid) then continue with the transesterification process of esterification process result with methanol that catalyzed by NaOH (Natrium Hydroxide).
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Esterification and Esterification and Transesterification ProcessTransesterification Process
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PROCESS ENGINEERING FLOW DIAGRAMBIODIESEL PLANT FROM KAPOK SEEDS OIL DAN METANOL
CAPACITY 65.000 TON / YEAR
MD
P-06
Methanol
P-01
1
130
TC
Steam
LC
TC
SteamRB
160
2.1
320
AC-03
P-16
Water
RC FC
LC
R-01LC
TC
Water
3
130
P-05
1.9
121.86
CL-03
TC
Water
D-01
130
P-03
TP-03
D-02
AC-01
NaOH
CL-02
BIODIESEL
D-04
D-03
GLISEROL
130
CL-01
OIL
M-01
M-02
GLISEROL
R-02
2
130
4
160
1605
1
30
1306
130
9
13010
160
13011
1
3016
2125
P-10
P-13
P-15
17
18
P-17
8
130
AC-021
3015
LC
TC
Water
TC
Steam
Steam
TC
UPL
P-12
P-14
1307
13012
13013
13014
LI
LI
LI
TC
P-11
TC
Water
TC
Water
HE-03
Steam
HE-04
HE-05
TC
Steam
HE-01
HE-02
CD-01
TC
FC
FC
FC
UPLFC
RC
RC
CH3COOH
P-04
FC
FC
RC
FC
301
P-02
P-07
P-08
P-09
LI
H2SO4
N-01
LI
LI
LI
1101,03
19
1
101,03
20
UPL
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Economic AnalysisEconomic Analysis Production cost of biodiesel from kapok seeds oil for the capacity 65.000
Ton/year- kapok seeds oil prices.............Rp 5.000 per kg- Catalist prices (NaOH).............$ 0,22 per Kg- Methanol prices......................$ 0,46 per Kg- H2SO4 prices.........................$ 0,35 per Kg- Energy prices.........................Rp 5.000 per liter- Glycerol prices.......................$ 26,15 per liter
Potensial convertion of kapok seeds oil become biodesel in high capacity of production.
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Feasibility studyFeasibility study For the feasibility study, we have done the rude
calculation and we get the value from our calculation is :1. ROI : 23 %2. POT : 3,23 year3. POS : 20,25 %4. BEP : 45,52 %5. SDP : 19,68 %6. i Factor : 27,95 %
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OptimizationOptimization
Composition of methanol and catalist of NaOH (reaction temperature sets in 550 C – 600 C)
Stirring process Heating temperature The purity of catalist Convertion of biodiesel reaction.
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Management Management ProductionProduction
CENTRAL(Pasuruan)
branch
branch branch
branch branch
branch
branchbranch
farmer
farmer farmer
farmer
farmer
farmer
farmer
farmer
PLN
Local Industry
PERTAMINA
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Structure...Structure... HEAD DIRECTOR
MANAGER SECRETARY MANAGER
SUPERVISORSUPERVISOR SUPERVISOR SUPERVISOR SUPERVISOR
OPERATOROPERATOR OPERATOR OPERATOR OPERATOR
FOREMANFOREMAN FOREMAN FOREMAN FOREMAN
LABORLABOR LABOR LABOR LABOR
HEAD OPERATIONAL
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Position Qualification total
Director Engineer 1
Manager Engineer 1
Manager Engineer 1
Secretary Management or Social 3
Expert Engineer 3
Head Staff Engineer 6
Supervisor All discipline 14
Foreman All discipline 8
Operator Senior High School 46
Security Senior High School 12Driver Junior High School or less 5
Servant Junior High School or less 5
105
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Last...Last...
Nothing useless in Allah’s wish
Thank’s.......
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Emition ComparisonEmition Comparison
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Sumber : Peramalan Badan Energi Internasional (IEA)Sumber : Peramalan Badan Energi Internasional (IEA)
http://www.greenradio.fm/technology/89-solar-cell/4081-mengapa-energi-terbarukan-dibutuhkan
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World Energy ReservalWorld Energy Reserval
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Cadangan Minyak Bumi di IndonesiaCadangan Minyak Bumi di Indonesia
Sumber : Ditjen Migas, diolah Pusdatin
Diprediksi akan habis dalam jangka waktu 10-12 tahun
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1 kg of biodiesel could produce 37,8 M Joule. It’s equal to 10,5 KWHand enough for turn on the lamp by spesification 25 Watt during 420 hour
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MaterialsMaterials
Local name latin source
- jarak pagar Jatropha Curcas Seed
- jarak kaliki Riccinus Communis Seed
- kacang suuk Arachis Hypogea Seed
- kapuk/randu Ceiba Pantandra Seed
- karet Hevea Brasiliensis Seed