Biochemical and physiological approaches in ecotoxicology
1
OLR(1990) 37 (12) E. Biological Oceanography 1125 E270. Microphyles (coccolithophores, dia- toms, flagellates, etc.) 90:7184 Gosselin, Michel, Louis Legendre, J.-C. Therriault and Serge Demers, 1990. Light and nutrient limitation of sea-ice microalgae (lludson Bay, Canadian Arctic). J. Phycol~ 26(2):220-232. The hypothesis that ice algae are light-limited at the beginning of the spring growth period, and later are subject to periods of nutrient limitation was tested by analyzing the chemical composition of cells throughout boreal spring. The results indicated that a period of light limitation in April was followed by silicon-limited growth (May). Silicon varied with the tidal mixing cycle. Legendre: Dept. de biol., Univ. Laval, Quebec, PQ GIK 7P4, Canada. (gsb) 90:7185 Raimbault, P., V. Gentilhomme and G. Slawyk, 1990. Short-term responses of 24 hour N-starved cultures of Phaeodactylum tricornutum to pulsed additions of nitrate at nanomolar levels. Mar. EcoL-Prog. Set, 63(1):47-52. A high cell-density chemostat culture and a dilute sample were used to study the uptake of low nitrate concentrations by N-starved populations of the diatom P. tricornutum. Nitrate was immediately taken up at a high rate following pulsed nitrate additions of 15 to 100 nM. These initial rates exceeded the daily growth rate by a factor of 2.5 over a short time. Although starvation greatly changed the pattern of the nitrate pulse utilization, this diatom appears to be able to meet its N requirements in response to a sudden increase of nitrate in the nanomolar range. Ctr. d'Oceanol, de Marseille, Fac. des Sci. de Luminy, Case 901, F-13288 Marseille, France. E300. Effects of pollution (also uptake, trace accumulations, etc.; see also B350- Atmospheric pollution, C210-Chemical pol- lution, F250-Waste disposal) 90:7186 Ariese, F. ct al., 1990. Shporskii spectrufluorimetric determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocar- hons in biota. Analytica chim. Acta, 232(2):245- 251. Dept. of Genl. and Analyt. Chem., Free Univ., De Boelelaan 1083, 1081 HV Amsterdam, Netherlands. 90:7187 Becker, P.tt., 1989. Seabirds as monitor organisms of contaminants along the German North Sea coast. Helgol~nder Meeresunters, 43(3-4):395-403. In the 1980s, significant regional, interspecific and annual differences in contamination with toxic chemicals were found in eggs of breeding birds along the German North Sea coast. In 1987, a three-year monitoring program for common tern Sterna hirundo and oystercatcher Haematopus ostralegus was start- ed. Eggs from areas along the coast are now being analysed for chlororganic residues and mercury. First results on geographical and year-to-year vari- ation are presented here, and the advantages of seabird eggs as spatial and temporal monitors of marine pollution are discussed. The suggestion is made to include a shore-breeding bird species in the European monitoring programs. Inst. fur Vogel- forschung, D-2940 Wilhelmshaven 15, FRG. 90:7188 Bierkens, J. and K. Simkiss, 1990. The use of chemical analogues such as Eu/Am in ecotoxi- cological studies. Functional Ecol, 4(3):445--447. Studies on ~52Eushow that it is a good analogue for the radiotoxic 24~Am in both marine crabs and freshwater crayfish. The accumulation of both the lanthanide and the actinide show that their envi- ronmental distribution is dictated by surface ad- sorption onto exoskeletons and cellular deposits. Paterson Inst. for Cancer Res., Wilmslow Rd., Manchester M20 9BX, UK. 90:7189 Brouwer, A., A.J. Murk and J.H. Koeman, 1990. Essay review. Biochemical and physiological approaches in ecotoxicology. Functional Ecol, 4(3):275-281. An interdisciplinary strategy is proposed for exam- ining the effects of chemicals on organisms; it addresses the possible role of biochemical/ endocrinological factors in determining susceptibil- ity of individual species to potentially toxic chem- icals. Specifically, metabolic differences between PCB-sensitive common seals and PCB-insensitive herring gulls are described. Dept. of Toxicol., Agricultural Univ., Bomenweg 2, 6703 lID Wageningen, Netherlands. (gsb) 90:7190 Delille, D. and N. Vaillant, 1990. The Influence of crude oU on the growth of subantarctie marine bacteria. A ntarct. Sci, 2(2): 123- ! 27. The short term degradation of 'Arabian light' crude oil was followed under various seasonal conditions
Transcript of Biochemical and physiological approaches in ecotoxicology
OLR (1990) 37 (12) E. Biological Oceanography 1125
E270. Microphyles (coccolithophores, dia- toms, flagellates, etc.)
90:7184 Gosselin, Michel, Louis Legendre, J.-C. Therriault
and Serge Demers, 1990. Light and nutrient limitation of sea-ice microalgae (lludson Bay, Canadian Arctic). J. Phycol~ 26(2):220-232.
The hypothesis that ice algae are light-limited at the beginning of the spring growth period, and later are subject to periods of nutrient limitation was tested by analyzing the chemical composition of cells throughout boreal spring. The results indicated that a period of light limitation in April was followed by silicon-limited growth (May). Silicon varied with the tidal mixing cycle. Legendre: Dept. de biol., Univ. Laval, Quebec, PQ G I K 7P4, Canada. (gsb)
90:7185 Raimbault, P., V. Gentilhomme and G. Slawyk,
1990. Short-term responses of 24 hour N-starved cultures of Phaeodactylum tricornutum to pulsed additions of nitrate at nanomolar levels. Mar. EcoL-Prog. Set, 63(1):47-52.
A high cell-density chemostat culture and a dilute sample were used to study the uptake of low nitrate concentrations by N-starved populations of the diatom P. tricornutum. Nitrate was immediately taken up at a high rate following pulsed nitrate additions of 15 to 100 nM. These initial rates exceeded the daily growth rate by a factor of 2.5 over a short time. Although starvation greatly changed the pattern of the nitrate pulse utilization, this diatom appears to be able to meet its N requirements in response to a sudden increase of nitrate in the nanomolar range. Ctr. d'Oceanol, de Marseille, Fac. des Sci. de Luminy, Case 901, F-13288 Marseille, France.
E300. Effects of pollution (also uptake, trace accumulations, etc.; see also B350- Atmospher ic pollution, C210-Chemical pol- lution, F250-Waste disposal)
90:7186 Ariese, F. ct al., 1990. Shporskii spectrufluorimetric
determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocar- hons in biota. Analytica chim. Acta, 232(2):245- 251. Dept. of Genl. and Analyt. Chem., Free Univ., De Boelelaan 1083, 1081 HV Amsterdam, Netherlands.
90:7187 Becker, P.tt., 1989. Seabirds as monitor organisms of
contaminants along the German North Sea coast. Helgol~nder Meeresunters, 43(3-4):395-403.
In the 1980s, significant regional, interspecific and annual differences in contamination with toxic chemicals were found in eggs of breeding birds along the German North Sea coast. In 1987, a three-year monitoring program for common tern Sterna hirundo and oystercatcher Haematopus ostralegus was start- ed. Eggs from areas along the coast are now being analysed for chlororganic residues and mercury. First results on geographical and year-to-year vari- ation are presented here, and the advantages of seabird eggs as spatial and temporal monitors of marine pollution are discussed. The suggestion is made to include a shore-breeding bird species in the European monitoring programs. Inst. fur Vogel- forschung, D-2940 Wilhelmshaven 15, FRG.
90:7188 Bierkens, J. and K. Simkiss, 1990. The use of
chemical analogues such as Eu/Am in ecotoxi- cological studies. Functional Ecol, 4(3):445--447.
Studies on ~52Eu show that it is a good analogue for the radiotoxic 24~Am in both marine crabs and freshwater crayfish. The accumulation of both the lanthanide and the actinide show that their envi- ronmental distribution is dictated by surface ad- sorption onto exoskeletons and cellular deposits. Paterson Inst. for Cancer Res., Wilmslow Rd., Manchester M20 9BX, UK.
90:7189 Brouwer, A., A.J. Murk and J.H. Koeman, 1990.
Essay review. Biochemical and physiological approaches in ecotoxicology. Functional Ecol, 4(3):275-281.
An interdisciplinary strategy is proposed for exam- ining the effects of chemicals on organisms; it addresses the possible role of biochemical/ endocrinological factors in determining susceptibil- ity of individual species to potentially toxic chem- icals. Specifically, metabolic differences between PCB-sensitive common seals and PCB-insensitive herring gulls are described. Dept. of Toxicol., Agricultural Univ., Bomenweg 2, 6703 l ID Wageningen, Netherlands. (gsb)
90:7190 Delille, D. and N. Vaillant, 1990. The Influence of
crude oU on the growth of subantarctie marine bacteria. A ntarct. Sci, 2(2): 123- ! 27.
The short term degradation of 'Arabian light' crude oil was followed under various seasonal conditions
