gilt^ila ,Gttnr,r P^,\\^, fln^tF*o d5 . h\'kNJ

v*.ia'"t l\p{^t{*h ".T '.T . tell you abour1. Sinse fiog cannot cheW its food, what do the size and placement of the tccttr

theif firnction during feedrng?

*-TH,-:r .,ql"d-.tu" b$f,- Ss,.*lHft '

I{olcs at thc back side of the mouth in tfte uppit' jaw are openings tbr the Eustnchian

ntbes.Insert a probeinto the Eusrachianffi;;; u"it inio tre internar rtsres on either side of

the vomerine teeth.

1ua \\,trere do Eustachian tubes lead and what is their functiods?

*I-** Ig.d: .+,a +{a .}Vb- I!.iddla fef',:. T'!j. " '.I"J*"I*' -[r:"9s$qf eff!

d=e--&rr,rI- f,gx h. *tddb-*:

3. Whsre do internal nars-q lsad?

..\.,ltr4 b-&

Ilelow the Euetaohian tubss in the rnale are openings to the voeal sqcs. Find the gtoais'

a srna[ slit like opening in &€.cenfr ** "r

the rnouttribeneath the garlct The gurlet is a

;tffth a widc, tit"ffit optning. Insert your probe into these openings'

.t. tr'hat are ilre functions of the glottis and thc gullet? (chcck your hypottresis rvhen the

frog's cavity has bcen opencd')

3,l3!olb,*."tt'p-. Jh * f"f-,J[ -, * e_y;'"ee t- +tr *qF*+Y y+'r" -

-

B. Internal Organs

Lay thc Sog on its dorual surfacc in the clisseoting.pan t"9,p* th.e leel to hold it in place'

Lift the abdortinal rf*in ruitn forceps anrl mnlte an incision with the-tips ofthe.scisson up thc

;;;il;-.ua"*-t\ from thc op*o to the lorver jaw. Always bo oareful to cut only one

f.V"r ui r Urnc so'rtroi yoitao not <tamagc underlying-.9t*Tt. Cut slits laterally from this first

in.irion at thc baeo of"ttrc abdomsn *i.t ttrc sioulder. fhe skin may now bc pinned !"*a;idt*rgh ttn ,t"iofying rnr.ucfcs *q tho- breastbor,re to open ttp ft! chest and the

;bd,r*i*iravity. f Uto ;rrity is fillcd with dark-colored bggg yo11 frog is female' You may

rcmovE t[c eggs to ttt tftt unrterlying ofgans' You may Pti:: stiking yellow, flame-like fat

bodiee. hesJitorc cfief,S', in the form of fat, for use dgring hibernation

5tt t,

I',trJ

YstrU.ol Sur{bcel.lnclslon for Dlisectl on

I

Digestlve System

The largc, threc-lobcd lntr rvill take up a sizable portion of the upper abdomcn. Findthc greenish SsU bladda beireath the liwr. Trace the mucular opening in the throat wift aproba ttuough the csophagra. Follow along the esophagus until you see the white stottru,h.Tlre stomach curvcl around tlrc lirm and narrows at the pyhrus, the opening into. the snaltintclf,inc, whiclr, in tunr teads into ths tmge htustrne, Spread the coilg of ttt small intcstincapart. Lnok within tha nwentery, the connectivE tissue that nxpends the.small.intestine fromthe dorsal body walt. Wiilrin thc rnesentery the reddistq circulu spleen can be found. Notetlrat under tlre stonuch and comected to ths small intestine is a mass of tissue, the pwtueas.The pancreas produces many enr5mres to aid in the digestion.

S. bbel all thc structures in the digestive system on the diagram of the internal organs of theaog.

b*{pu

,{'ttU\"

/

ile.tnt"(c"-n *bro-)

hi.lzl\

6. Ths rnssentsry isrnesantery?

. Et*-,- it -. , $r^. *

rrrle sfiKo

l

richly rupplied with blood vessels. What is the function of ttre

7. U/hich systsm is the spleen part ofl Give its firnction.

Respiratory nnd Clrculatory Systems

Wlrat digestive function does the liver have?

To.sec the heart cut through the pericufrunr, the mc'mbranous envelope surroundingthe heart. Trace blood rressels that prss bitween lhe hest aulrcl langs. Identi$ the three'

ehambcrs of thc hcafi: thc ng&r sbit rn, the lefi wita and the venfri'da The left atrium'reccives orygenated blood from the lungs. The right atrium receives deoxygenated bldod

from the body. Both atia ompty the blood into the ventricle. .Thr'blood is thefl pumped

ttuough trc Y-shapcd conus sterinsas to artsriss in the blood.

Conur lrttrlorur Pulmonrry rnary

Lcfl rtdurnFight atrlurn

Lung

'fhs frog Heort -- Vdrth'nl Vlenr

9. Wtry do you think thcthre e -ch ambcred hcarfi

tadpole has ttvo-chanrbcrcr:l hcart, 'whcreas the adult fi'crg haq a

10. Why are the respiratory organs closely associated ry*l{the circulatory systern?

th lte',. hb -1,, vdecs- kd{ty t-n*!gh.-

n-.'ieu

;*-$[- tt" n-c-xyq3a]ulflr *-.. bb'od {S -o{F.;| * sL-tsU hae

f .?-^ -a-l+^l C!-'^a^.,h-

fntY.th?t<.f x1A 11,,3 Fvrcrccr,7ac,ilat , uor;lo; t<

-/'I si Adductor mtgnu - la'gc n$8cle whibh nns under (e) and ID' (o) Ischium and

u ;;# 0, D;tri *,ila of fcmur' (A) Adduc*-thi.4 and leg

x n) aae uctor rongus _ n r,ry *ryii *Jo io. ibl fliuru-anrcrior svrnphysis. (g'wir*

adductor tn gtiutt (A) Adducts ttrigh and leg

*i) Semltendtni"r j ftftg, ttrin *oitt. Reriove (e) to exPose' (O) Ischium' by two

, hcads. (f) with grncilis minor;;;-h.r *a oiiftiofibula. (A) Adducts thigh and

flcxcs slnnk.

AJ'l

+d)

js

*llr,ro.nemius - large, posterior, {orms *calf' of lcg

-(much rucd in physiological

cxpcriments). (q1) ioritttttOt: dictal. enJ of femgr Uy i flat tendoq and edge of knec

rendon, .(I) By ,A"iiiii iendan ove, h"el and into plantar fascia on sole of foot' (A)

t;*Jt6ot and fioxes shank'

Feroneus - ,root,'porn i*.'COI Knee tcndon. (f) Tibiofibub distally' and ankle

(calcancum). (A) ffit -tr-*r.-

tgui** ,rtigrt &Liots loaping or gwimrning)' ,abo

:ddr ;t nrittt'root.Tibiallsantieus-small,stoutnitugclelyingcloseto.thetibiofibulaatthcdistalend.(o) Disrat ,na of ilru'oV fqgt*U*.'iD two heads, t'o proxirnal cnds of astagalus

ani calcansum. (A) Flcxes ankle'

Tiblatls posticus' j

iorrg mroct* 9i. tb ventrrl side of gastocnernius' (O Along the

cntiro tibiofibula' (I) Aelagalus' (A) Fle*es and twists ankle'

Extensor crurls - small musclc "n

,rti-*i.rior sids of tibiofrbulq proximal to the

tibiatis anricus..(o) Mcdial end of remur. (I) Middte part of Libiofibula. (A) Extends

shank.r T.!,crc ars inilty othsr mussl$s on the anklc, solc, ;Ind toss'

Study Questlons

tffitffffie skurl is u,paired?

& trat ars dernral bones?

rrocg']A\-b*44\ .Jh'*d, gTt€{A€'1d( -

c,$"t#,*$--5l

Sfhat ars cartilags bones? l "es\.4js&!crd,*.k@

\tuhat afs ths functions of thc follawing:

&l*noid fossa )U}C!4L u{rt',j

acetebulum Wdeltoid mest

5. Label the diffsrcnt bones obselverl.

/L1.

")Li

3.

4.

a.

b"

c.

iB.1.

Muscular SYstemWl,.t is antaionistic action? Give some examples' - z

*.^. ;*o *,""; "i; =yt*J,--f ;;9=*6 s'itr ;-offt\<- ^"''nAlt,- Dta,^Jt -,4 *- ,-*".+affi*-:" u" "' , '#t\^r .nr?'(. lt '

- *rorfo" tr,*L,*i'olt t*.rA,o^V,d'! -4 -

-2. whfit is synergistic action? Give $omo examples.

3.

4.

Howffi ruurclcg tanrcd? Shrp loryle sxlrnpl€s.fuUrttkA 0'{- 'h,^,{

aUrtv&rr^ t" h$or, -Lt*

{s,to?4f{Iv,' tryftt{Ll.,Dtx,;$* ft\at'{t{-Y ,[*ti{'te ,,F-A) -

ror,rh, . a,^^hAc ,cal wfus1 tz+l rv*l,t/f tao I aD?'-tvld'L'rvtr,

.rolcq,nrtttr,q ,tr.* / Au.iltr4 lrnns.tc -achlq^t . Wh^\d$^f 'rto {,n. tdh /- hUl,u^rt/ crn^t+r fo.hr,n,l' i

&(,ypegF..-t' E\i . d,us" / ni;1ol I ffilt I t *tl ff rrw

nrrn ^ L*[t t q