Bio. Growth Develop

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Biology ProposalFactor which Affect theGrowth of Green Beans

Created by :Al Jaber Muqorrobin

Faldhi Firdaus

12 IPA 1

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Contents

Page Title 1

Introduction 2

Contents 3

Section I

I. 1 Background 4

I. 2 Purpose 5

I. 3 Problems 5

I. 4 hypothesis 5

I. 5 Method 5

I. 6 Systematic 6

I. 7 Time and Place of experiment 7

Section II Materials and Procedure

II. 1 Materials 7

II. 2 Procedure 8

Section III Result and Analysis

III. 1 Result 9

III. 2 Analysis

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Section VI Conclude and Suggestion

VI. 1 Conclude 11

VI. 2 Suggestion 11

Section V

V. Closing 11

Bibiliography 12

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Section I

I. 1. Background

Growth is the change that occurs in living things, includingbody size and the increase in the number of cells in an organism.During growth, the organisms undergo a process of increased

activity or maturation of the organ.Growth is influenced by two factors are internal factors and

external factors. Internal factors include genetic and physiologicalfactors. External factors include temperature, fertilizer, pH,nutrients, and sunlight.

Living things need sunlight, including plants. Sunlight iscrucial process of photosynthesis in plants. Photosynthesis is thebasic process in plants to produce food. Foods that are producedwill determine the availability of energy for plant growth anddevelopment.

Sunlight also affects plant growth. Plants that grow in dark

places will grow more quickly, but with the condition of pale, thin,and the leaves do not develop (etiolasi). This occurs due to theabsence of light so as to maximize the function of elongationauksin to plant cells. Conversely, plants that grow in the lightcauses plants to grow more slowly, with relatively shortcircumstances, leaves will breed and also green. This is becausethe sunlight will inhibit the effects of auksin.

Fertilizer of urea (N elements) and vitamins on plant growth,including green beans, will stimulate the formation auksinhormones, which are scattered throughout the apical meristim andkoleotil (growing point) to work more actively in the conduct of celldivision. with active cell division is radikula will grow lengthwise.Urea concentration (N elements) and vitamin B, is determined bythe level of the plant needs for these elements. (N and elements inVit B)

Sunlight and fertilizer affect the growth of green beans.Green beans is one of Leguminosae plants significant in Indonesia.The position of green beans was placed third after soybean andpeanuts. In this proposal will be made an experiment of growth ofgreen bean plants. We will try to conduct experiments influencedby fertilizer and sunlight.

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I. 2 Purpose

Based on the background above, the purpose to be achieved

in this experiment are :

1. Conducting experiments of green beans;

2. Observed the growth that occurs in green bean plants

with the influence of light and fertilizer;

3. Noted the growth that occurs in green bean plants.

I. 3 Formulating Problems

Based on the background above, the problem can be

formulated as follows:

1. How green beans will grow in the dark or light?

2. How green bean plant will grow by giving a little fertilizer

or a lot?

I. 4 Hypotesis

Based on the background above, the hypotesis of this

proposal is sprouts that grow in brighter place will be slower than

the growth in dark places because of the growth of sprouts in

bright place blocked by the sunlight the growth of sprouts and the

dark places will grow more quickly because the growth does not

get sunlight (not inhibited by the sun)

I. 5 Method

Based on the background above, variables that will be

observed is the growth of sprouts and the rate of seed germination

of green beans and methods of test used above ground testing

methods. To analyze the data the research methods used are

control variable is land, the amount of water, the size and quality

of green bean seeds, container, the independent variable we use is

the long stem sprouts and the dependent variable we use intensity

of sunlight at the laying of the experiment.

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1. 6 Systematic

Page Title

Introduction

Contents

Section I

I. 1 Background

I. 2 Purpose

I. 3 Problems

I. 4 hypothesis

I. 5 Method

I. 6 Systematic

I. 7 Time and Place of experiment

Section II Materials and Procedure

II. 1 Materials

II. 2 Procedure

Section III Result and Analysis

III. 1 Result

III. 2 Analysis

Section IV Conclude and Suggestion

IV. 1 Conclude

IV. 2 Suggestion

Section V

V. Closing

Bibiliography

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1. 7 Time and Place of experiment

Time : Friday-Sunday, December 18-27, 2009

Place : Al Jabers home.

Section II

II. 1 Materials

(Dyah Aryulina 2004: 4) Growth begins with the growth of

seeds and fruit. Angiospermae experiencing double fertilization.

Double fertilization produces a zygote and endosperm. Prospective

seeds will grow and develop into seeds. In the prospective seed,

there zygote and endosperm. Zygote will grow and develop into an

embryo. Endosperm grow and develop earlier than the growth and

development of the embryo. Endosperm is rich in food reserves. In

most monocot plants, endosperm contains food reserves that can

be used until the occurrence of germination.

Growth and development of the embryo begins with the

mitotic division and generate basal cell and terminal cells. Basal

cells develop into suspensor. Suspensor serves as liaison between

the embryo and the skin prospective seed, and flow the nutrient

from the parent plant or from the endosperm. Terminal Cells

develop become pro embryo which attached in suspensor.

Cotyledon started to grow to form a bulge on the proembryo also

followed the development of the embryo. Developing embryo to

form the root tip and the tip of the stem.

(http://free.vlsm.org) Division of zygote produces a meristem

tissue which will continue to divide and differentiate.

Differentiation is the change of state of the cells, forming organs

and structures that have different functions. There are 2 kinds of

growth, the primary growth and secondary growth. Primary growth

occurs as a cell result of primary meristem tissue. Primary growth

took place in the embryo the tip of plants such as roots and stems

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II. 2 Procedure

Tools and materials :1. 3 Glass or Container2. 6 Green beans3. Soil

4. Ruler5. Paper6. Pen

Work step :1. Pick 6 green beans which the size and quality is relatively

same;2. Prepare 3 glasses s and give the labels A, B, and C on eachglass;3. Give enough soil into each glass;4. Put 2 green beans into each glass;5. Put the pot labeled A in place of high-intensity sunlight;6. Put the pot labeled B in place of low-intensity sunlight;7. Put the pot labeled C in the dark place;8. Give water regularly on each glass every day for 10 days;9. Observed and noted the long stem sprouts;10. Put the result on the table.

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Section III Result and AnalysisIII. 1 Result

Table Result of experiment

Chart :

Day

s

High-Intensity

Sunlight (A)

Low-Intensity

Sunlight (B)

Dark (C)

10 cm (Not

grow) 0 cm (Not grow)0,5 cm

20 cm (Not

grow) 1 cm3,5 cm

3 1 cm 2,1 cm 6,7 cm4 1,8 cm 5,3 cm 9,6 cm

5 3 cm 7,9 cm 12,8 cm

6 4,2 cm 10,2 cm 15,7 cm7 5,8 cm 13,4 cm 19,6 cm8 7,3 cm 16,8 cm 23,5 cm

9 9 cm 19,3 cm 26,8 cm10 11,2 cm 22,8 cm 29,7 cm

9

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

High Sunlight Low Sunlight Dark

1

2

3

4

5

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7

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- Plants grown in the dark has a faster growth than those grown inthe light.- Plants that grow in the light place the leaf color grow more green

and stems more larger, plants that grow in the dark place the leafgrow become yellow and has small or thin stems.

III. 2 Analysis

Based on the results we get from our experiment, it is knownthat plants growing in the light has a shorter size compared withplants growing in a dark place. Because sunlight auksin inhibitinghormones to slow the growth of stems. However, plants that growin the light has a green leaf, because there is food or chlorophyllproduced from photosynthesis. Meanwhile, plants that grow in darkplaces will have yellow leaves and will quickly die. Because there isno supply of food produced by photosynthesis. The data will beanalyzed after a period of time has been set. In this experimentthe time needed is 10 days. The data we will average in

accordance with the provisions

- Average length of green bean plant labeled A is 4,33

cm.

- Average length of green bean plant labeled B is 9,88

cm.

- Average length of green bean plant labeled C is

14.81 cm.

Attachment

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Section IV.

IV. 1 Conclude

We know that sunlight affects plant growth. Plants that grow

in dark places will grow more quickly, but with the condition of

pale, thin, and the leaves do not develop (etiolasi). This occurs due

to the absence of light so as to maximize the function of elongation

auksin to plant cells. Conversely, plants that grow in the light

causes plants to grow more slowly, with relatively short

circumstances, leaves will breed and also green. This is because

the sunlight will inhibit the effects of auksin. And fertilizer of urea

and vitamins on plant growth, including green beans, will stimulate

the formation auksin hormones.

IV. 2 Suggestion

plant which placed in the dark place, it will make grow more

quickly but it will be pale, and has thin stem, also the leaf will not

to be green like the plant which placed in the light place. If we

want our plants to be florish and has green leaves, we can take the

plant in the dark place. But if we want our plants grow high, we

can take it in the dark place.

Section V.

V. 1 Closing

By saying gratitude to God we were able to complete a

biology proposal of growth and development on green bean

plants. However, we realize that our proposal is not perfect. There

are many mistakes to be corrected. Hopefully this biology proposal

will be useful to us all.

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Bibiliography

Aryulina, Diah, dkk. 2004. Biologi 3 untuk Kelas XII SMA/MA.

Jakarta: Esis

http://desimetpen.multiply.com

http://wenny-karyailmiah.blogspot.com

http://free.vlsm.org

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