Bio 9A/9D: Friday, January 14, 2011Title: Cell Specialization, Part 2

Homework: Read Section 35-2 (pgs 897-900). and take

notes using active reading strategies – see assignment sheet for details (Wed’s HW)

Silent Do Now: (NOT in notebook!)Get a Cell Specialization worksheet.Read it and answer the questions.

Today’s Objective: Describe how different types of cells have

different structures to fit their functions

Today’s AgendaPeriod 1: Cell Specialization: Discuss the Do Now NotesPeriod 2: Reaction Time Lab

Intro Pre-Lab Questions Complete Part 1 of the Lab

Objectives for Class:• Describe how different types of cells have different structures to fit their functions• Identify 3 specialized structures of neurons that allow them to receive and transmit signals throughout the body

Investigate Cell SpecializationSpecialized Cells have Specialized Structures

“Typical” Cell “Mystery” Cell

THE NERVOUS SYSTEMPHA Biology 9Moretti and Dickson

Nervous System:The 2 Major Divisions

Central Nervous System = Brain and spinal cord

Brain: Processes information, controls responses

Spinal cord: Links brain to other nerves, controls reflex responses.

Peripheral Nervous System = All other nerves throughout the body

Sensory nerves send info from sense organs to brain

Motor nerves send info from brain to musclesImage: Adam, Inc.;

http://graphics8.nytimes.com/images/2007/08/01/health/adam/8679.jpg

Objectives for Class:• Identify the 2 major divisions of the Nervous System and their major components

Nervous System:Major Divisions Working Together

Objectives for Class:• Identify the 2 major divisions of the Nervous System and their major components

Neurons Neuron = a specialized nerve cell

Function: communicate with body organs by sending electrical signals (impulses)

Structure: Long branches send and

receive signals Cell body coordinates

incoming and outgoing signals

Neurons:Structure and Function

Objectives for Class:• Describe how different types of cells have different structures to fit their functions• Identify 3 specialized structures of neurons and explain that allow them to receive and transmit signals throughout the

body

Dendrites: branched extensions, carry impulses toward cell body

Cell Body: nucleus & organelles

Axon: Takes impulses away from cell body

Neurons:Structure and Function

Objectives for Class:• Describe how different types of cells have different structures to fit their functions• Identify 3 specialized structures of neurons and explain that allow them to receive and transmit signals throughout the

body

Axon

Dendrites

Cell Bod

y

Reaction Time Lab How do your nervous and

musculoskeletal systems work together to allow you to see and catch a falling meter stick?

Which muscle groups will respond faster – fingers or arms?

Lab Intro & Demonstration Pre-Lab Questions (with your

partner) Complete Part 1 of the Lab

Bio 9A/9D: Tuesday, 1/18/11Title: Communication in the Nervous System Homework:

In notebook – 2 paragraphs summarizing class notes (see assignment sheet for details…) How do the brain, spinal cord, sensory nerves, and motor

nerves work together to sense and respond to a stimulus? How does the structure of a neuron fit its function?

Silent Do Now: (in notebook w/ title & date) What is the difference between a dendrite and an

axon? How do they relate to the overall function of a neuron? Choose at least one of the following words and write

as much as you can about what you think they mean:Stimulus Impulse Synapse Neurotransmitter

Bio 9A/9D: Tuesday, 1/18/11Title: Communication in the Nervous System

Today’s Objectives: Define and explain how stimuli, impulses,

synapses, and neurotransmitters help neurons communicate.

Describe and reflect on the results of the Reaction Time Lab

Today’s Agenda Notes: How Neurons Communicate Reaction Time Lab:

Compile and discuss results (Who’s the fastest?? With which muscles??)

Answer Post-Lab Questions

COMMUNICATION IN THE NERVOUS SYSTEM1/18/11

Nerve Impulse:A “wave” of electricity that travels through the neuron

3 Steps of a Nerve Impulse:

1. Dendrites are stimulated by a stimulus (environment or other neuron).

2. Electric impulse travels to cell body.

3. Cell body sends an impulse down the axon to the axon terminals.

Objectives for Class:• Identify 3 specialized structures of neurons and explain that allow them to receive and transmit signals throughout the body

Stimulus! (Sound, smell, sight, taste,

another neuron’s signal)

The “wave” of a nerve impulse:

Objectives for Class:• Identify 3 specialized structures of neurons and explain that allow them to receive and transmit signals throughout the body

Neurons communicate with other cells…

Other neurons

Muscle cells

Muscle cell

Brain cell

Motor neuron

Synapse:The place where a neuron connects to another cell

Motor neuron

Objectives for Class:• Identify 3 specialized structures of neurons and explain that allow them to receive and transmit signals throughout the body

1. Axon terminal releases neurotransmitter (a tiny signal molecule).

2. Neurotransmitter diffuses across synapse and signals the next cell.

3. This triggers an impulse in the next neuron, OR triggers a muscle cell to contract.

Communication At the Synapse:

Objectives for Class:• Identify 3 specialized structures of neurons and explain that allow them to receive and transmit signals throughout the body

Reaction Time Lab: Results Who has the fastest reaction times? Record the Class Averages in your Lab

Packet Answer the Post-Lab Questions (this is

additional HW if you don’t finish it now!) Summarize: Which muscle group was

faster – fingers or arms? Why do you think this is?

Reflect on your hypothesis: Do the results support it? Explain!

Bio 9A/9D: Wednesday, 1/19/11Title: Movement Unit – Review & Wrap-Up

Homework: Prepare notes for the in-class essay tomorrow –

you can use anything written on your lab packet (see back page).

Have your notebook ready to turn in during homeroom tomorrow!

Silent Do Now: (NOT in notebook) Take out the Reaction Time Lab and turn to the

Post-Lab Conclusions Write at least 3 sentences for each question based

on the class data (wait 1 minute then we’ll show this)

If you have already answered them, add to your answers based on the class data…

Today’s Objectives & Agenda: Prepare for tomorrow’s in-class essay by making

notes on the lab packet to answer the prompt Work on revising labs and projects in order to raise

your biology grade Rules for Class Work Today:

Work silently on your own to prepare notes for tomorrow’s in-class essay

After 10 minutes of productive silent work, you may ask permission to work with a partner

Once done prepping tomorrow’s essay you may ask permission to use a laptop to work on revisions

Bio 9A/9D: Wednesday, 1/19/11Title: Movement Unit – Review & Wrap-Up

Bio 9A/9D: Thursday, 1/20/11Title: Movement Unit – In-Class Essay

Homework: None

Silent Do Now: How does the Nervous System connect

with the Muscle System? How does the Muscle System connect with

the Skeletal System?

Today’s Objective: Explain how the nervous and

musculoskeletal systems work together to make you move!

Agenda1. Review Do Now.2. In-Class Essay

Counts as a quiz grade Open notes – use anything written on

your lab packet

Today’s Objective:Explain how the nervous, muscle, and skeletal

systems work together to make you catch a falling meter stick.