Bill Ringer

Balance the follwing equation and pridict the type of reactiona. Ca + N2 --------> Ca3N2

b. Cu2S -------> Cu +Sc. NaBr + F2 ------> NaF + Br2

d. CH4 + O2 -----> CO2 + H2O

Activity SeriesAnd single replacement reactions

Explorehttp://group.chem.iastate.edu/

Greenbowe/sections/projectfolder/flashfiles/redox/home.html

Review!In the equation

CaCO3 + HCl → CaCl2 + CO2 + H2O

Which side are the reactants on?

How many reactants are there?

How many products are there?

Which elements are in the products that are not in the reactants?

Review!What is an element?

◦Consists of only one kind of atom, cannot be broken down further by chemical means

What is a compound?◦Any substance made up of 2 or more different elements

Single Replacement ReactionsWhere a reactive lone element

replaces another, but less reactive, element that is already in a compound

A + BX AX + B

Some examples (only copy one)1. Fe + 2HCl  FeCl2 + H2

Iron (Fe) replaces the Hydrogen (H)

2. Zn + HCl ZnCl2 + H2

Zinc (Zn) replaces the Hydrogen (H)

3. Fe + Cu(NO3)2  Fe(NO3)2 + CuIron (Fe) replaces the Copper (Cu)

Some examples

1. Fe + 2HCl  FeCl2 + H2

Iron (Fe) replaces the Hydrogen (H)

2. Zn + HCl ZnCl2 + H2

Zinc (Zn) replaces the Hydrogen (H)

3. Fe + Cu(NO3)2  Fe(NO3)2 + CuIron (Fe) replaces the Copper (Cu)

Single Replacement Reactions

So how do we know which element replaces what?

◦Cu + AgNO3 ?

This is where something called the activity series comes in

Activity series breakdownActivity

◦The ability of an element to react◦The easier it reacts, the higher the

activity

Activity Series◦A list of elements organized

according to activities from highest to lowest

Activity Series ChartMetals Non-MetalsLithium (Li) Fluorine (F)Potassium (K) Chlorine (Cl)Barium (Ba) Bromine (Br)Strontium (Sr) Iodine (I)Calcium (Ca)Sodium (Na)Magnesium (Mg)Aluminum (Al)Manganese (Mn)Zinc (Zn)Iron (Fe)Cadmium (Cd)Cobalt (Co)Nickel (Ni)Tin (Sn)Lead (Pb)Hydrogen (H)Copper (Cu)Silver (Ag)Mercury (Hg)Gold (Au)

Highest

Lowest

Activity Series The activity series mostly involves metals

Most non-metals (Carbon, Oxygen, Nitrogen, etc.) do not replace other elements

The Halogen family are the only non-metals that will be involved in single replacement reactions. (and only a few of them at that)◦They can only replace other halogens

Let’s Practice

Which element would replace the other if it were in a compound?

1. calcium, tin2. bromine, fluorine3. aluminum, potassium4. zinc, sodium

Calcium!

Fluorine!Potassium!Sodium!

More PracticeWhich element would replace the other if it were in a compound? Also write out the names of the elements.

1. Fe or Cu2. I or Cl

3. Ag or Pb

4. Hg or Co

Iron!

Chlorine!Lead!

Cobalt!

Think about thisUsing the activity series for metals,

explain why copper metal is used in plumbing where the water might contain compounds of many different metals.

Write down your answer, we’ll talk about it in 2 minutes

So why don’t we use anything that is less reactive than copper?

Reactions in your groupsFor the following reactions, do

the following:◦A: Predict the products of the

following reactions. If no reaction, write N.R.

◦B: Balance the final equation

◦We’ll do the first one together

1. Li(s) + Fe(NO3)3(aq) __________

2. Au(s) + HCl(aq) _____________

3. Al(s) + Cu(NO3)3(aq) _________

Answers!

1. Fe + 3LiNO3

2. No Reaction3. Cu + AlNO3

Food for thoughtYou may be wondering why Li,

Au, Fe, Al, Cu etc. are in equations without subscripts or coefficients

This is because metals can exist in a somewhat stable form by themselves.

Things like H, Br, and Cl cannot which is why they are always H2 Br2 and Cl2

Independent PracticeWork on the Activity Series

practice sheet for the rest of the period.

Please let me know if you have any questions

Extra PracticeHere are some completed

reactions.Using your knowledge of the activity series, indicate which side are the reactants and which side are the products.

Use the “Yield” arrow to show this

1. Cu + ZnCl2 ___ Zn + CuCl2

2. I2 + NaCl ___ Cl2 + NaI

3. Mg + HCl ___ MgCl2 + H2

4. Zn + H2SO4 ___ Zn SO4 + H2

5. 2Ag + Cu(NO3)2 ___ Cu + 2AgNO3

6. 2Li + 2H2O ___ 2LiOH + H2

Answers

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.

Exit Slip!

Which one will replace the other in a reaction?1. Lithium or Hydrogen?2. Lead or Chlorine?

Complete the following reaction:

3. Cl2(g) + KBr(aq) _______