The Bill of RightsStates Ratify the Constitution

Warm Up

Warm Up• What is a “bill of rights”?

• What is an “amendment”?

• Who is the “Father of the Constitution”?

• What is due on Friday?

Objectives

Objectives• Identify the reason the Constitution was

finally ratified

Objectives• Identify the reason the Constitution was

finally ratified

• Recognize the first ten amendments to the Constitution (Bill of Rights)

Objectives• Identify the reason the Constitution was

finally ratified

• Recognize the first ten amendments to the Constitution (Bill of Rights)

• Complete the “You are the Judge” activity

Main Idea

Main Idea• Debates raged among the states

over ratification of the Constitution, and was only achieved when a Bill of Rights was promised.

I. Ratification Needed

I. Ratification NeededA. To be approved, 9 out of 13 states had to ratify the new Constitution

I. Ratification NeededA. To be approved, 9 out of 13 states had to ratify the new Constitution

B. Arguments raged for a year between the Federalists and Antifederalists

I. Ratification NeededA. To be approved, 9 out of 13 states had to ratify the new Constitution

B. Arguments raged for a year between the Federalists and Antifederalists

C. July of 1788 9 of 13 states voted to ratify, and the Constitution went into affect

I. Ratification NeededA. To be approved, 9 out of 13 states had to ratify the new Constitution

B. Arguments raged for a year between the Federalists and Antifederalists

C. July of 1788 9 of 13 states voted to ratify, and the Constitution went into affect

D. Only ratified because of a Bill or Rights

II. Early Changes

II. Early ChangesA. Framers had established a way to amend: or change the Constitution

II. Early ChangesA. Framers had established a way to amend: or change the Constitution

B. In 1791 first 10 amendments were made: the Bill of Rights

II. Early ChangesA. Framers had established a way to amend: or change the Constitution

B. In 1791 first 10 amendments were made: the Bill of Rights

- rights that belonged to all man kind

II. Early ChangesA. Framers had established a way to amend: or change the Constitution

B. In 1791 first 10 amendments were made: the Bill of Rights

- rights that belonged to all man kind

- prevents the government from taking them away

II. Early ChangesA. Framers had established a way to amend: or change the Constitution

B. In 1791 first 10 amendments were made: the Bill of Rights

- rights that belonged to all man kind

- prevents the government from taking them away

- written by James Madison

Activity

New Jersey v.

T.L.O.

Conclusion

ConclusionThe Court ruled by a margin of 6-3 in favor of New Jersey. The Court recognized that students in public schools have a constitutional right to privacy under the 4th Amendment and that school officials are bound by constitutional restrictions. But the opinion also stated that the rights of children and adolescents are not the same as those of adults and that school officials have a responsibility to maintain the discipline necessary for education. “The school setting,” requires some modification of the level of suspicion of illicit activity needed to justify a search.” The rights of students must be balanced against the needs of the school setting.

ConclusionThe Court ruled by a margin of 6-3 in favor of New Jersey. The Court recognized that students in public schools have a constitutional right to privacy under the 4th Amendment and that school officials are bound by constitutional restrictions. But the opinion also stated that the rights of children and adolescents are not the same as those of adults and that school officials have a responsibility to maintain the discipline necessary for education. “The school setting,” requires some modification of the level of suspicion of illicit activity needed to justify a search.” The rights of students must be balanced against the needs of the school setting.In other words, in a school, a search could be reasonable under the 4th Amendment without probable cause, so long as it was supported by reasonable suspicion or reasonable cause. The assistant vice-principal's search was considered reasonable under this definition.