Bicycle Pedestrian Advisory Committee 2009
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Transcript of Bicycle Pedestrian Advisory Committee 2009
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UNIVERSITY OF NEW ORLEANS
State Project No. 737-99-0929
July 2009 New Orleans, Louisiana
A Project of the
Regional Planning Commission and the
Louisiana Department of Transportation and
Development
Bicycle Pedestrian
Advisory CommitteeInformation, Examples and Recommendations for the
New Orleans Metro olitan Area
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StateProjectNo.737990929
FundingforthisevaluationwasprovidedbytheLouisianaDepartmentof
TransportationandDevelopmentHighwaySafetyDepartmentthrougha
grant to the Regional Planning Commission for Jefferson, Orleans,
Plaquemines,St.BernardandSt.TammanyParishesfortheGreaterNew
Orleans Pedestrian and Bicycle Program. The evaluation was
accomplished by theUniversityofNewOrleans Pedestrian andBicycle
Resource Initiative under the auspices of the New Orleans Regional
PlanningCommission.
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TableofContents
Page
Introduction................................................................................................ 1
OverviewofAdvisoryCommitteeStructure......................................... 1
Structure......................................................................................... 1
Scale................................................................................................ 1
MeetingFrequencyandNumberofMembers............................... 1
CommitteeSummaries
Oakland,California................................................................................ 2
Austin,Texas......................................................................................... 3
PugetSoundRegion,Washington........................................................ 4
StateofMaryland................................................................................. 4
SanFrancisco......................................................................................... 5
KansasCity ........................................................................................... 6
Recommendations..................................................................................... 6
InformationResources............................................................................... 9
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Introduction
Thisdocument is anoverviewof keybicycle/pedestrianadvisory committees throughout the
country. Fivewellcrafted exampleswere selected toprovide anoverviewof thediversityof
committee structures and scales. The committees examined are Austin, California East Bay
Region,Oakland,KansasCityRegion,andPugetSoundRegion.
Thereport isstructured into3sections.First,anoverviewof thestructuresandscalesof the
surveyed committees is provided. The next section provides detailed profiles of the
communities to add depth to how they operate. Finally, a suggested structure for the RPC
AdvisoryCommitteeisproposed.
OverviewofAdvisoryCommitteeStructures
Structure There are two distinct structuralmodels of organization used by the surveyed
committees:
Model1AppointedModelCommittee members are typically appointed by a transit or planning
departmentonabasisoftechnicalexpertise.
Meetingsareheldonceamonthinacityhallorsimilarlypublicchamber,and
areopentothepublic.
The committees of Oakland, Seattle, and Kansas City are examples of this
model.
Model2CitizenParticipationmodelComposed of ordinary citizens interested in promoting alternative
transportationandmakingconditionsbetterbicyclistsandpedestrians.
Typicallymeetonceamonthandappearbeforethecitycouncilwhenspecific
issuesareupforvote.
AustinandtheSanFranciscoEastBayareexamplesofthismodel.
Scale Advisorycommitteesoccuronbothacitywideandregionalscale.Theselectedscalefor
the committee isusuallydeterminedbasedon the typeoforganization that isorganizing the
committee. Regional organizations usually focus on a broad geographic representation of
members. City organizations tend to pullmembers fromwithin their specific boundaries. In
someregions,thereisamixofbothcitybasedandregionalcommitteesthatshareinformation
andworktogetheronissuesdependingonthescaleofaparticularprojectorissue.TheOakland
andCaliforniaEastBayRegionareexamplesofthisoverlapincommitteestructures.
Meeting Frequency and Number of Members Advisory committees generally meet every
month to twomonths. This allows them to keep tabson keydevelopments. Thenumberof
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BICYCLEANDPEDESTRIANADVISORYCOMMITTEERECOMMENDATIONS FORTHENEWORLEANS
METROPOLITANAREA
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committeemembersinsurveyedorganizationsvariesfrom9to21.Theredoesnotappeartobe
acleardecisionframeworkforthenumberofmembers.
KeycharacteristicsofthesurveyedcommitteesarecompiledinTableOnebelow.
TableOne:CharacteristicsofSurveyedCitiesandRegions
Organizationname Scaleof
Focus
Modeltype #offull
standing
members
Meeting
Frequency
AUSTIN BicycleAdvisory
Council(BAC)
Citywide Citizen
based
9 1/mo
OAKLAND PedestrianBicycle
AdvisoryCommittee
(PBAC)
Citywide Appointed 9 1/mo
PUGETSOUND Bicycle/Pedestrian
AdvisoryCommittee
(BPAC)
Regional Appointed 17 1/mo
CALIFORNIA
EASTBAY
REGION
EastBayBicycle
Coalition
Regional Citizen
based
N/A 1/mo
KANSASCITY
REGION
BicyclePedestrian
AdvisoryCommittee
Regional Appointed 21 Onceevery
twomonths
MARYLAND MarylandBicycleand
PedestrianAdvisory
Committee(MBPAC)
Regional No.1 21 Onceevery
twomonths
CommitteeSummaries
Oakland,CATheCityofOaklandBicycle/PedestrianAdvisoryCommittee(BPAC)
TheCityofOaklandsBicycle/PedestrianAdvisoryCommitteewasestablishedin1995.Itsstated
goalistoensuresensitivitytobicycleandpedestrianissuesinthedesignandimplementation
ofallpublicworksprojectswhich impactbicyclesandpedestrians.This task isaccomplished
withtheassistanceofoutsidevolunteersandresourceswheneverpossible.
TheOaklandBPAChas9membersand ismainlycomposedof representatives fromplanning,
lawenforcement,andotherrelevantagencies.ThecommitteemeetsonceamonthatCityHall.
Themeetingsareopentothepublic.
TheCityofOaklandBPACsdutiesincludethefollowing:
ReviewofthetransportationelementofOaklandsGeneralPlan.Goalistocreateabike/pedestriansubelementtothetransportationsectionoftheGeneralPlan.
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BICYCLEANDPEDESTRIANADVISORYCOMMITTEERECOMMENDATIONS FORTHENEWORLEANS
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Reviewofexistingconditions.Reviewandclassifybicycleandpedestrianlanesandroutes, identifyhazardsand impediments,andrecommend locationsand typesof
bicycleparking.
Reviewofroadandconstructionprojects.Reviewupcomingprojectsandassessthefeasibilityofincorporatingbicycleandpedestrianfacilities.
Recommend project development and funding. Target funding sources andrecommendcapitalimprovements.
Reviewissuesrelatedtoenforcement. Provideinputtothepolicedepartmentonbicycleandpedestrianissues.
Participate ineducationalefforts.Reachout toschoolsandcommunityprogramspromotingbicyclesafety.
Legislation.Analyzeimpendinglegislationthatwillaffectbicyclistsandpedestrians.
Austin,TXBicycleAdvisoryCouncil(BAC)
Thiscitizenorganization,startedinthemid1990s,consistsof9fullstandingmembersand10
alternates.Representativesareselectedbothgeographicallyandbasedoninclusionofkeyuser
groupswithatleastonefullstandingmemberrepresentingeachofthefollowinggroups:
SouthAustin. CentralAustin. NorthAustin. Thecompetitivebicyclingcommunity. Therecreationalbicyclingcommunity. Theutilitarianbicyclingcommunity.
ThecommitteemeetsonceamonthwiththecitysDepartmentofPublicWorksBicycleand
PedestrianProgramstafffordiscussionandresolutionofbicyclefacilityissues.
AlladultAustinresidentsareeligibleformembership.Amembershipsubcommitteewas
establishedtoreviewmembershipcredentialsandmakerecommendations.Membersare
obligedtoserveatwoyearterm.Threeconsecutiveabsencesfrommeetingsresultsina
memberstermination.
Thepurposeoftheorganizationasoutlinedintheircharterisasfollows:
Section
1:
Bikeway
Policy
Reviewandmake recommendationsonplanningdocumentspreparedbyCity
departmentsandotherjurisdictionsaffectingtheuseofthebicycle.Theseshall
include but are not limited to the Comprehensive Plan, Arterial Streets
Classification Policy, Neighborhood Plans, areawide Development Plans, and
siteplans/subdivisionapplications forprivatedevelopment.Reviewandmake
recommendations regarding funding priorities for the Bicycle and Pedestrian
ProgramactivitiesandCapitalImprovementProjectsastheyrelatetobicycling.
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BICYCLEANDPEDESTRIANADVISORYCOMMITTEERECOMMENDATIONS FORTHENEWORLEANS
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Provide relevant bicycle information and recommendations to the Urban
TransportationCommission,onaregularbasis.
Section2:BikewayImplementationReview and make recommendations on Capital Improvement Projects
developedbyCitydepartmentsandoutsideagencies toensure thatadequate
considerationisgiventobicycles.Reviewandmakerecommendationsregarding
Bikeway Signing and ImprovementPlans.AdviseDepartmentofPublicWorks
staffon issuesrelatedtopublic involvement inBikeway improvementprojects
withthegoalofdevelopingaconsensusamongtheaffectedpublic.
Section3:EducationandEnforcementAdviseCitystaffonissuesrelatedtopromotingbicyclesafetyandeducation.
Section4:CitizenInputEncouragecitizenparticipation in identifyingproblemareas,reviewingexisting
facilities,andplanningandimplementingofnewprojectsandprograms.
Section5:AdvisetootherJurisdictions/EntitiesReviewandmakerecommendationsonplanningdocumentspreparedbyother
jurisdictionsentities (i.e.TravisCounty,CAMPO,etc.)affecting theuseof the
bicycleasatransportationandrecreationalmode.
PugetSoundRegion,WashingtonBicycle/PedestrianAdvisoryCommittee(BPAC)
TheBPACadvisestheRegionalCouncilstaffonvariouspedestrianandbicyclerelatedissues.The
committeemeetsonceamonth;themeetingsareopentothepublic;andthemeetingagendas
arepostedonline.Thecommitteeprovidesinputonthefollowingtopics:
Bestpracticesfordevelopingbicycleandpedestrianfriendlycommunities. Designguidelinesforregionalgrowthcentersandtransitstationareas. Planimplementationandperformancemonitoring. Methodologiesformeasuringbicycleandpedestriandemand. Outreachandeducationonthevalueandbenefitsofnonmotorizedtransportation. TransportationImprovementProgram(TIP)projectselectionpolicyframework. EnhancementsProgramprojectselectionpolicyframework.Comprehensive
plan
certification
and
review
process.
StateofMarylandMarylandBicycleandPedestrianAdvisoryCommittee
TheMarylandBicycleandPedestrianAdvisoryCommittee(MBPAC)wasestablishedin1991and
advisestheMarylandstategovernmentonissuesdirectlyrelatedtopedestrianandbicycle
issues.Thecommitteeconsistsof21memberswhoareappointedbythegovernor,andare
representativeofvariousregionsandspecificinterestgroups.Thefollowingstateagenciesare
representedonthecommittee:
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MarylandDepartmentofBusinessandEconomicDevelopment MarylandDepartmentofDisabilities MarylandDepartmentofHealthandMentalHygiene MarylandDepartmentofNaturalResources MarylandDepartmentofPlanning MarylandDepartmentofTransportation MarylandStateDepartmentofEducation MarylandStatePolice
ThefullMBPACmeetsonabimonthlybasis,whilespecialsubcommitteesmeetonanas
neededbasis.Theorganizationcurrentlyhasfoursubcommittees,ofwhicheachmemberis
assignedtoatleastone:
CommutingandTransportationPrimarilyresponsibleforadvisingMDOTontheMasterBicycleandPedestrianPlananditsrelationshiptolocalefforts.
EducationandAwarenessPromotesactivities,programsandpoliciesthatfosterbicycleandpedestriansafetyeducationacrossallagegroups;alsopromotesgreater
awarenessofthemissionandworkoftheMBPAC.
LegislativeandGovernmentAffairsPrimarilyresponsibleforreviewingandcoordinatinginformationconcerninglegislationrelatedtoMBPACissuesandprograms;
alsoresponsibleforfacilitatinganddevelopingstrongrelationshipswithlocalofficials.
TourismandProductDevelopmentPrimarilyresponsibleforpromotingandprotectingMaryland'soffroadtrailsystemwhilesupportingMarylandStateagencies,pr
ovidingguidanceonprogramstrategiesthatpromoteMaryland'strailsandtourismreso
urces.
SanFranciscoRegionsEastBay,CaliforniaEastBayBicycleCoalition
The EBBC is a nonprofit citizen organization that was founded in 1972. It offers a paid
membership, with benefits that include discounts to certain bicycle shops and a monthly
newsletter.Theorganization isactive inavarietyofways,withspecificgoals that include the
following:
Findingcommunityliaisonsforall33citiesthatEBBCrepresents. Promotingbicycleadvisorycommittees. CoordinatingtheannualBiketoWorkDayintheEastBay. Bicycleaccessonallroads,atallfacilities,andonalltransitforbothsidesofthehills. ImprovingBARTaccessandparking. Obtainingsafeandconvenientbicycleparkingindowntownareasandotherkeydestinations.
Watchdogthespendingoftransportationdollars. EachyearEBBCsupportslegislationtopromotebicyclingandadoptsspecificcampaignstoclosegapsandimproveaccess.
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BICYCLEANDPEDESTRIANADVISORYCOMMITTEERECOMMENDATIONS FORTHENEWORLEANS
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KansasCityRegion,Kansas&MissouriBicyclePedestrianAdvisoryCommittee
The metropolitan planning organization of Kansas City (MARC) established an advisory
committee tooversee the implementationof theirLongRangeTransportationPlan.Meetingsareheldonceamonthandopen to thepublic.Meetingminutesareheldonline.Committee
members are drawn from several categories: local cities within the region, FHWA
representatives, stateDOTs, and local advocacy,public health, and police organizations. The
committeecurrentlyhas21members.
Recommendations
The following recommendations were identified by reviewing the organizational
structureofBicyclePedestrianAdvisoryCommitteesacrossthecountryandevaluating
thespecificneedsoftheRPC.Theserecommendationsparticularlydrawontheexample
ofthePugetSoundBPAC,whoseresourcesandmethodsaretransparentandpublicly
available.Representativesfromtheorganizationwerepatientandgenerousenoughto
offerinsightstothePBRIoverthecourseofdraftingthisdocument.
Thecommitteeshouldberegionalinscope.GiventheRPCsmandatetoservethe
metroregion,aregionalcommitteestructureisrecommended.Thecommitteeshould
includeallmetropolitanparishesservedbytheRPCinthekeyRPCdecisionsrelatedto
activetransportation.
Committee members should be broadly representative and selected through an
application process. Committee members should represent the metropolitan
communitybothgeographicallyand intermsofkeyusersegments.Thereshouldbea
representativeforallparishesservedbytheRPC.Thereshouldberepresentativesfrom
key user groups includingwalking and biking advocates, transitusers, and other key
active transportation representatives. There should be representatives from the
healthcare community aswell as other relevant agencies, such as law enforcement.
Members should be selected through an application process. This helps to build
commitmentandencouragesengagedrepresentativestoparticipate.
Memberscouldincluderepresentativesfrom:
DepartmentofTransportation
Bicycleandwalkingadvocatecommunity(MetroBicycle
Coalition,etc)
RPC
RTA,JPTA,SBT
Publichealthandsafetycommunity
Parishandcitygovernments
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BICYCLEANDPEDESTRIANADVISORYCOMMITTEERECOMMENDATIONS FORTHENEWORLEANS
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Thecommitteeshouldaddressbicycle/pedestrianissuesrelatedtotheTIP.ThePuget
Soundareahasawebsite(http://www.psrc.org/projects/tip/index.htm)thatidentifiesallprojectsreceivingTIPfundingandhowmuchtheyarereceiving.Thewebsitealso
outlineseligibilityforTIPfundingindetail.Asimilarwebsiteisrecommendedforthe
NewOrleansregion. KeyprojectswithintheTIPwithbicycle/pedestriansignificance
maybeidentifiedthatneedgreaterattention.Inaddition,completestreetspoliciesthat
impactthebroaderTipprojectsuiteshouldbeconsidered.
The committee should contain 15 to 20members. The Puget Sound BPAC has 17
members; Kansas Citys regional committee has 21. Citywide organizations average
around9.
Subcommitteesshouldbeestablishedasneeded.Somesubcommitteestoconsider
wouldbe:
SpecificParishsubcommitteestofocusondetailedneedswithintheparishes.
Bicycleandpedestrianoutreachandeducation,whichwouldreachouttoyoung
bicyclistsatschooland inafterschoolprogramstoensurethatbicyclesafety is
learnedandpracticedearlyon.
Commuterneeds,whichwouldaddress issuesrelatedtobicyclecommuters in
theregion.
Tourism development,whichwould assist inmeeting bicycle demand in the
touristcommunityandfacilitatingbicyclingforthoseunfamiliarwiththearea.
Meetingsshouldbeheldatleastbimonthly.Bimonthlymeetingsshouldbefrequent
enoughsolongasspecializedsubcommitteescontinuetomeetasneeded.
Meetingsshouldbeopentothepublicandinformationdiscussedthereinshouldbe
madeeasilyaccessible.Meetingsshouldbeheldinapublicforumthatisconveniently
accessibletothepublic.Minutesshouldbetakenandpostedonline.
The New Jersey Bicycle and Pedestrian Resource Center, Alan M. Voorhees
TransportationCenter (VTC),RutgersUniversityconductedanevaluationof statewide
bicycle and pedestrian advisory groups and published their findings and
recommendationsinthe2006documentBuildingaBetterBPAC:StatewideBicycleand
PedestrianAdvisoryGroupBestPractices.Thisdocument,while focusedonstatewide
advisory committees, provides an excellent overview of key issues related to
bicycle/pedestrian committeemanagement. The following key recommendations are
drawnfromthisevaluation.
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BICYCLEANDPEDESTRIANADVISORYCOMMITTEERECOMMENDATIONS FORTHENEWORLEANS
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Grouppurpose.ThemissionstatementfortheBPACshouldbeclearandaccuratewithspecificgoalsandobjectivesstated.
Groupstructure.Establishgroupbylaws,andstructuremembershipinawaythatencouragesmemberparticipation. Groupfunction.Providestaffsupporttoachievethegoalsofthegroupandorganizemeetingstobewellorganizedandproductive.
(NewJerseyBicycleandPedestrianResourceCenter.2006)
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BICYCLEANDPEDESTRIANADVISORYCOMMITTEERECOMMENDATIONS FORTHENEWORLEANS
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InformationandResources
CityofOakland.Bicycle/PedestrianAdvisoryCommitteeCharter.1995.
http://www.oaklandpw.com/AssetFactory.aspx?did=1569
PugetSoundRegionalBicyclePedestrianAdvisoryCommitteewebsite:
http://www.psrc.org/boards/advisory/bpac.htm
KansasCityRegionsBPAC:
http://www.marc.org/Transportation/committees/bpac.htm
MarylandBicyclePedestrianAdvisoryCommittee:
http://www.mdot.state.md.us/Planning/Bicycle/MBPAC.html
EastBayBicycleCoalition
http://www.ebbc.org/?q=about
The New Jersey Bicycle and Pedestrian Resource Center, Alan M. Voorhees
Transportation Center (VTC), Rutgers University. Building a Better BPAC: Statewide
BicycleandPedestrianAdvisoryGroupBestPractices.July2006.
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TechnicalMemo:SuggestedStepsfortheImplementationofthe
RPCsCompleteStreetsAdvisoryCommittee
February4,2009PreparedbythePedestrian/BicycleResourceInitiativeattheUniversityofNewOrleans
IntroductionThisdocumentprovidesasummaryofthesuggestedprimarygoalsfortheRPCsComplete
StreetsAdvisoryCommittee.Nationalresearchidentifiesculturalchangeattheagencylevelas
avitalaspectofthetransitionfromtraditionaltransportationpolicytocompletestreetspolicy.
Thenationalexperienceindicatesthataneducationalcomponentisthefirstkeysteptowards
initiatingculturalchange.Thispaperidentifiestwomajorcomponentsofcompletestreets
education:
Buildingawarenessofthebenefitsofcompletestreetsbyfortheinstitutionitselfandforthewidercommunity
Directlyaddressingpotentialconcernsoverimplementingcompletestreetswithintheinstitution.
Thiseducationprocessbuildsmomentumforculturechangeandhelpsinstitutionsmove
towardsthemoretechnicalaspectsofactualimplementationofthecompletestreetspolicy.
Thisdocumentoutlinesafourstepprocedureforimplementationofcompletestreetspolicies
consistingofrestructuringprocedures,redevelopingdesignmanuals,retrainingstaff,and
redevelopingperformancemeasures.
NeedforanEducationalComponentTheimplementationofcompletestreetspolicycentersonmakingmultimodalaccommodation
routinesothatmultimodalroadsdonotrequireextrafundsorextratimetoachieveandon
changingtheeverydaypracticeoftransportationagenciessothateverymodeshouldbepart
ofeverystageofthedesignprojectinjustabouteveryroadproject(LaplanteandMcCann
2008pg.25).Inordertoalteragencypractices,astrongfocusshouldbeplacedoncultural
changeandmovementawayfromanorientationtowardbuildingprimarilyforcars(National
CompleteStreetsCoalition2009). Thus,aneducationalcomponentshouldbeincludedasone
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ofthefirststepstowardimplementingandencouragingthecreationofacomprehensive
completestreetspolicy.
DemonstratingtheBenefitsofCompleteStreetsInordertoelicitaculturalchangeandrefocustransportationtoaddressallusers,thebenefits
ofimplementingacompletestreetsprogramtotheagencyandcommunityneedtobe
established.TheNationalCompleteStreetsCoalitionseparatesthesebenefitsintothree
categories:
Improvedsafety Decreasedoildependenceandgreenhousegasemissions Morelivablecommunities(NationalCompleteStreetsCoalition2009).
TheLouisianaCompleteStreetsWorkGroupfurtheraddsseveraladditionalbenefitsincluding:
Increasedmobilityandsafetyforchildren,disabled,andelderly Promotionofactivelivingandimprovedhealthoutcomes Reductionofautomobileemissions Enhancedeconomicdevelopmentopportunities Lowerhouseholdtransportationexpenses(BurkKleinpeter2010pgs.36).
Onepotentialwaytocomprehensivelyaddressthesebenefitsandmoveagenciestowards
completestreetspoliciesistoengagetheNationalCompleteStreetsCoalitionintheirfullday
implementationworkshops.TheCompleteStreetsAdvisoryCommitteecanusethisexampleas
amodelforbuildingmomentumandasasourceforpotentialspeakers.
DiscussingConcernsoverCompleteStreetsTheeducationalcomponentoftheprocessshouldalsoprovideaforumtovoiceconcernsover
keyimplementationbarrierssurroundingperceptionsofincreasesincost,maintenance,and
liability.Addressingtheseconcernsdirectlycanhelpaddressskepticalagencypersonneland
helptobuildmomentumforpolicyimplementation.
PerceivedAdditionalCostforCompleteStreetsImplementationTheperceptionofincreasedcostsassociatedwithacompletestreetspolicyisamajorbarrier
thatcanhamperpolicyadoption.TheLouisianaCompleteStreetsWorkGroupfocusesonthe
extracostsofcompletestreetsasstemmingfromaculturalmisconceptionofmultimodal
transportationasprovidingextraamenities(BurkKleinpeter2010,pg.6).Furthermore,extra
costsaredirectlyrelatedtothedegreetowhichthetransportationagencyisalreadymeeting
theneedsoftheusergroup(BurkKleinpeter2010,pg.6).Awellplannedcompletestreet
policyimplementedattheonsetofaprojectcanensurethatcostsarekeptlowandcan
preventadditionalcostlyretrofitprojects(NationalCompleteStreetsCoalition2009).Various
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costeffectivemeasuresarealsoavailable,includingcurbbulbouts,increasingcrosswalksignal
timing,andconvertingtocloseddrainage(NationalCompleteStreetsCoalition2009).
Pugliese(2008)identifiesarangeofcostsassociatedwithcompletestreetimplementation.
Thesecostsrangefrom2.5to5percentofaprojectstotalcostinFloridatoaslowas0.2to0.4
percentofthestatesimprovementbudgetinIllinois.AlthoughtheNationalCompleteStreets
Coalitiongivessomespecificnumbers,suchas$2,000dollarstoaddcountdownsignalsatan
intersectionorsavingsof16.5%inaBrownCounty,WIroadimprovement,itplacesalarger
emphasisontheconceptofcompletestreetsasaninvestmentthatwillsavemoneyinthelong
runbothforthelocalityandthecitizens.
ExtraCostofMaintenanceThecostsofmaintainingcompletestreetsaresomewhatmoredifficulttodiscernandrely
largelyonthestatetodefinewhethermaintenanceresponsibilitylieswiththestate,the
locality,
or
even
the
individual
property
owner
(Burk
Kleinpeter
2010,
pg.
9
10).
However,
if
multimodalfeaturescanbeintegratedasanintegralcomponentinstreetdesignand
construction,anyextracostsincurredwillsimplybecomeaportionofthestandardcostof
maintenance.
IncreasedLiabilityConcernsoverliabilitycanbeaddressedthroughtheconceptthatcompletestreetsprovidea
systematicwaytoimprovesafetyfor[all]usersandshouldreduceliabilityoverall(Burk
Kleinpeter2010pg.9).VariousapproachessuggestedwithintheMUTCDandFWHAplacethe
responsibilitytoprovidereasonablysafeaccommodationsforthesepedestriansandbicyclists
inthedomaintotheDepartmentofTransportation(BurkKleinpeter2010pg.9).Complete
streetdevelopments,thus,serveakeyroleinminimizingliabilitybyintroducingnewinitiatives
toserveandprotecttheseusers.
ImplementationProcessTheeducationalprocessshouldpavethewayfortheculturalchangenecessarytobeginthe
processofcraftingandimplementingacompletestreetspolicy.TheNationalCompleteStreets
Coalition,theLouisianaCompleteStreetsWorkGroup,andLaplanteandMcCann(2008)define
fourmainstepsforimplementationasseeninFigure1anddetailedbelow.
(1)RestructuringProcedures
AsdefinedbytheLouisianaCompleteStreetsWorkGroup,restructuringproceduresinvolves
ensuringthatallusersarefullyintegratedintoallstagesofprojectdevelopmentbyeither
integratingorcreatingnewprocessesbywhichprojectsaredeveloped(pg.17).Charlotte,
NorthCarolinahasdevelopedaclearprocessforaddressingandincorporatinguserneedswhile
designingandplanningprojects,asseeninFigure2(CharlotteDepartmentofTransportation
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2007pg.52).Thisprocessprovidesaclearframeworkoftheprocedurestoaddressuserneeds
andapplycompletestreetdesignsonacasebycasebasis.
(2)RedevelopingDesignManuals
Rewritingdesignmanualsensuresthatexistingdesignguidelinesaddressalluserneedsand
thusencouragetheconstructionofcompletestreets.TheCharlotteimplementationmethod
emphasizesdevelopingacleardefinitionofanyexceptionstodesignguidelines(Charlotte
DepartmentofTransportation2007pg.2).Suchexceptionsshouldbeprovidedforconditions
whereitisgenerallyinappropriatetoprovidebicycleandpedestrianfacilitiessuchas
interstates,caseswherethecostwouldbeexcessivelydisproportionatetotheneedor
probableuse,orareaswherethereisnotadevelopedneed(BurkKleinpeter2010pg.13).
(3)RetrainingStaff
Oncethedesignguidelinesareinplace,staffshouldberetrainedtomakesurethereisa
generalawarenessandunderstandingofanychanges.TheStateofLouisianashouldbemaking
suchtrainingavailabletoMPOstaffthroughoutthestateaccordingtotheInterimReportofthe
CompleteStreetsWorkGroup(BurkKleinpeter2010pg.20).
(4)RedevelopingPerformanceMeasures
Finally,newmethodsformonitoringtheeffectsoftheimplementationofcompletestreet
policyshouldbeestablishedandcontinuousdatashouldbecollectedtodetailwhatuserneeds
arebeingmet.Performancemeasureswillalsoprovideamethodtodetermineareasforfuture
improvementandcontinuedimplementationofcompletestreetspolicy.
ProposedStepsforImplementationofCompleteStreetsAdvisoryCommitteeTheThunderheadAlliancefocusesontheadvocacyapproachasawaytoeducatedecision
makersandthepublicaboutprioritizingourstreetscapesdifferentlyandonemployingpolicy
creationandimplementationasawaytopushtransportationagenciestowardscultural
change(ThunderheadAlliance2006pg.30).Thekeystepsinthedevelopmentofthe
CompleteStreetsAdvisoryCommitteefocusonbeginningtheprocessofculturalchangeand
affectingchangethroughthestructuredcreationofacompletestreetspolicy,asdetailed
below.
InitialEducationalComponenttodemonstratetheneedforandbenefitsofculturalchangethroughbringinginexpertspeakersandprovidingaforumtovoiceconcerns
RestructuringProcedurestoensurealluserneedsaremetduringanystageofdevelopmentRedesigningDesignManualstoprovidecompletestreetdesignguidelinesthatareconsideredforanyprojectRetrainingStafftofullyaddressnewproceduralanddesignmethodsRedevelopingPerformanceMeasurestotrackchangesanddetermineareasforimprovement
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WorksCitedBurk,Kleinpeter,Inc.(January2010).InterimReportfortheSecretaryofTransportation.
CompleteStreetsWorkGroup,LouisianaDepartmentofTransportationandDevelopment.
Retrievedfromhttp://www.lesstate.org/brchapter/.
Kanup,Sue,GayleStallings,DavidCrites,DaveSnyder,andBarbaraMcCann.GuidetoComplete
StreetsCampaigns.ThunderheadAlliance.Retrievedfrom
www.peopleempoweredmovement.org.
Laplante,JohnN.andMcCann,Barbara(May2008).CompleteStreets:WeCanGetTherefrom
Here.JournaloftheInstituteofTransportationEngineers.Retrievedfrom
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Figure 1: Fours Steps for Implementationof Complete Streets Policy
Figure 2: Six Step Process for Analyzing User Needs
Source: Louisiana Department of Transportation and
Development, Complete Streets Work Group, Interim Report
for the Secretary of Transportation, January 14, 2010,prepared by Burk-Kleinpeter, Inc.
Source: Urban Street Design Guidelines. Charlotte, NC, USA: Charlotte
Department of Transportation, October 2007. Accessible via
www.charmeck.org/departments/transportation/urban+street+design+guidelines.htm.
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8/7/2019 Bicycle Pedestrian Advisory Committee 2009
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NationalCompleteStreetsCoalition(2009).CompleteStreetsPolicyBrochure.Retrievedfrom
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http://www.completestreets.org/completestreetsfundamentals/factsheets/costs/.
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transportation.19thNationalTrailsSymposium.Retrievedfrom
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http://www.charmeck.org/Departments/Transportation/Urban+Street+Design+Guidelines.htm.
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