Bibliometric research methods Faculty Brown Bag IUPUI Cassidy R. Sugimoto.
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Transcript of Bibliometric research methods Faculty Brown Bag IUPUI Cassidy R. Sugimoto.
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Bibliometric research methods
Faculty Brown Bag
IUPUI
Cassidy R. Sugimoto
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Overview
Vocabularly Citation analysis Citation indices Bibliometric laws Impact factor Applications
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Vocabulary Scholarly Communications
Formal and information Scientometrics
Scientific communication Infometrics
Thinking beyond scholarly “texts” Webometrics
web Bibliometrics
Application of statistical and mathematical methods (formal channels)
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Citation analysis
Why do people cite? Why are some articles not cited? What does a citation mean?
Citing document
Cited document
B is cited by A
A B
A references B
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Who’s on first?
Embedded citation index from ` En mishpat: Babylonian Talmud (1546)
(Weinberg, 1997)
Shepard’s Citation Index (1873)
Shapiro (1992)
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Institute for Scientific Information (ISI)
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Scopus
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GoogleScholar
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Comparison
Overlap57%
(4,892)
Scopus29%
(2,441)
Web of Science
14%(1,216)
Scopusn=7,333 (86%)
Web of Sciencen=6,108 (71%)
Distribution of unique and overlapping citations in Scopus and Web of Science (n=8,549)
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Are you a citation index?
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Bibliometric research OR “Why I love good indexes”
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Citation analysis
Citing document
Cited document
B is cited by A
A B
A references B
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Citation analysis: methods
Not just articles…
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Variable:PRODUCERS
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Variable:PRODUCERS
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Variable:ARTIFACTS
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Variable:CONCEPTS
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Hybrid approaches
Chaomei Chen: http://www.pages.drexel.edu/~cc345/citespace/figures/terrorism1990-2003-300dpi.png
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h-index
Hirsch (2005) A scientist has index h if h of [his/her] Np
papers have at least h citations each, and the other (Np − h) papers have at most h citations each.
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Bibliometric laws
Lotka’s Law (1926)the number (of authors) making n contributions is about 1/n² of those making one; and the proportion of all contributors, that make a single contribution, is about 60 percent (60,15,7…6>10)
Not statistically exact
May be changing with the current model of scholarship
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Bibliometric laws
Bradford’s law (1934)
Journals in a field can be divided into three parts:1) Core: relatively few # of journals producing 1/3 of all articles2) Zone 2: same # of articles, but > # of journals3) Zone 3: same # of articles, but > # of journals
The mathematical relationship of the number of journals in the core to the first zone is a constant n and to the second zone the relationship is n².
1:n:n²
Not statistically exact
General power law distribution (akin to Pareto’s law in economics)
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Bibliometric laws
Zipf’s Law (1935)
Not statistically exact
General power law probability distribution
listing the words occurring within that text in order of decreasing frequency, the rank of a word on that list multiplied by its frequency will equal a constant. The equation for this relationship is: r x f = k where r is the rank of the word, f is the frequency, and k is the constant
James Joyce's Ulysses10th most frequent: 2,653 times100th most frequent: 265 times200th most frequent: 133 times
rank of the word multiplied by the frequency of the word equals a constant that is approximately 26,500
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Bibliometric laws
Other power law probability distributions Pareto’s law (economics)
80-20 rule Law of the vital few Principle of factor sparsity
PageRank (google) The Long Tail (markets)
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Journal impact factors
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As a research method…
Reliability? Validity? Limitations?
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Applications?
Finding and use Collection development Reference services Collection evaluation
Use studies Information retrieval algorithms Diffusion of ideas Domain areas and interdisciplinarity Mapping science
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Writing your paper…