Spectral Extraction From Palm Oil Tree Towards The Development Of Spectral Library Of Vegetation Stress For Hyperspectral Data

Muhammad Ikhwan bin Jamaludin [G02450]Civil Engineering by Researchikhwan.jamaludin@gmail.com

SV : AP Dr. Abd. Nasir Matori

Jan. 2014 PG Biannual Conf. - 14 &16 May 2014

PRESENTATION OUTLINE• Introduction• Literature Review• Methods and Materials• Result & Discussion• Conclusion

BACKGROUND OF RESEARCH

Spectral Signature• All elements in this universe has its own unique spectral signature in

the form for reflectance and wavelengths

Hydrocarbon Microseepage• Seepage of hydrocarbon from reservoir to surface• Triggered by small fracture from cap rock or other plausible

phenomena causing fluid to flow out of reservoir to the surface

Effect on Vegetation & Soil• Loss of energy from seepage travelling upwards causing stress on soils• Soils under stress, plus the hydrocarbon components effect might

cause further effect to vegetation on the surface

Objective(s)

Main objective

Sub objective

• To assess the procedure of spectral signature extraction of vegetation

• To identify the parameters that have potential to discriminating vegetation species

Literature ReviewSpectral Library• Data archives that consist of spectral signatures measured on

selected natural and/or man-made materials (Lukas et. al, 2011)• Main purposes:• Use of data in remote sensing as in-situ reflectance measurements for the

calibration and/or end-members selection for further processing (Selige et. al, 2006)

• For rapid laboratory assessment by diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, DRS (Viscarra et. al, 2006)

• Example : Jet Propulsion Library (JPL), John Hopkins University (JHU) Spectral Library and NASA’s ASTER Spectral Library

• Collection includes spectra of materials & minerals in the range covering the visible through thermal IR wavelength region (0.4-15.4µm)

Literature Review(cont.)

• Vegetated and non-vegetated surfaces• Vegetation Spectral Signature

• Visible spectral region – chlorophyll absorption (0.50 um – 0.60 um)• Near-Infrared Spectral Region – distinguishing vegetation types• Middle -Infrared Spectral Region – water absorption and detect stressed plant

• The Red Edge

Literature Review(cont.)

Spectral Library• No spectral data for hydrocarbon seepage recorded in any

spectral library collection• Around 5223 soil spectra signatures collected by Viscarra

Rossel on-going development, under soil spectrometry group (Viscarra, 2008)

• Methods used to classify the soil spectra signatures can be incorporated for seepage signatures characterization in this project

Material and Method-Instrument

ASD FieldSpec 4 Spectroradiometer Pistol Grip - ASD FieldSpec 4 Spectroradiometer

SPECIFICATIONWavelength 350 – 2500 nm

Resolution 3 nm @ 700 nm and 10 nm @ 1400/2100nm

Scanning time 100 milliseconds

Supporting software

RS3™ spectral acquisition software, Seamless interface with ENVI®, ASD ViewSpec™ Pro for post processingOptional Indico® Pro

Spectral Extraction

Codes Samples Frond Part of Leaf Leaf side Part of leaf

DescriptionsSample ASample B Sample C

Frond (start from the

root)

B-BeginningC-Center

E-End

Right or left

B-BeginningM-Middle

E-End

Example C 7 E R B

Explanation Sample C Frond 7 End Right Beginning

Palm oil samples A, B, and C aged 8 – 9 months

Spectral sampling codes

1 23

RESEARH METHODOLOGY

Vegetation

Raw ASD spectra

Spectral library

Spectralon corrected library

Library without enormous spectra

Processed spectral library

RESULTS & DISCUSSION(cont.)

Spectral extraction sample A

Spectral extraction sample C

Spectral extraction sample B

RESULTS & DISCUSSION(cont.)

    

visible

    

NIR

    

MIR

• An amount of noise could easily detect at range 0.35 um – 0.44 um in the visible region.

• 0.50 – 0.60 um, the reflectance shows the highest peak in the visible region due to the photosynthesis process.

• While in the other region (Near-infrared and Middle-infrared), show the typical result of normal vegetation should do due to the presence of water vapor and the leaf structure.

RESULTS & DISCUSSION(cont.)• As a full procedure of extraction already been discussed here,

this said procedure later will be used as to extract palm oil with hydrocarbon influence for the development of hydrocarbon vegetation stressed.

• It can be further continued using the development, spectral library to find hydrocarbon signatures in the real field through remote sensing analysis.

• This can play a major milestone for oil and gas exploration activities since this method requires less cost, and more rapid analysis.

SUMMARY• This paper has shown the required result in presenting the

procedure, extracting spectral data using spectroradiometer. • Based on the raw spectral result presented here, it is safely

said that this research is going on track and will be getting a positive result once the raw spectral data were processed to develop the spectral library of vegetation.

• Further study will be focused on development of spectral library of stress plant seepage hydrocarbon.