Bhest in Project Planning

8/11/2019 Bhest in Project Planning

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ILLUMINATIVE EVALUATION:THEHOLISTIC APPROACH

is introduced as belonging to a contrastinganthropological research paradigm. Attempted

measurement of educational products gives way tointensive study of the program as a whole-itsrationale, evolution ,operations ,achievements, and

difficulties. The crucial criticism of the objectivesmodel is that it assesses without explaining ,whereas


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Illuminative evaluation methodology ,viewing the program

as a whole ,values literacy rather than numeracy..itis an approach to evaluation reported by Parlett and Hamilton in1972 and still in use . It is an ethnographic/observational approachthat emphasizes the differences between what different observerswill see in the same process, and tends to treat these differences as

not resolvable. It was an early and desirable reaction to what theauthors described as the numbers game, purely quantitativeapproaches to evaluation.

RICHARDS{1985},describes an illuminative evaluation in the evolutionof cultural action .He states that, it is a custom built research strategywhich lacks in formal statements of objectives, avoids statisticalprocedures, employs subjective methods, and is primarily interestedin the informing function of an evaluation , rather than the moreusual inspectoral or grading functions of an evaluation . HE STATESTHAT ILLUMINATIVE EVALUATION IS HOLISTIC AND RESPONSIVE.


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TRADITIONAL EVALUATION

THE AGRICULTURAL-BOTANY PARADIGM

MAC DONALD AND THE HOLISTIC APPROACH

STAKES CONCEPT OF EVALUATION AS PORTRAYAL

.A term that grew out of research at the Massachussets Institute

of Technology in 1969.It takes account of the wider context inwhich educational programs function; thus its primary concern is

with description and interpretation rather than with measurementand prediction.


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ORGANIZATION AND METHODS OF I.E. illuminativeevaluation-is not a standard methodological approach but ageneral research study. It aims to be both adaptable to meet

the size, aims, and techniques of the evaluation and eclecticto give the evaluation a choice of research tactics.

3 CHARACTERISTIC STAGES OF I.E.1.The observation phase ,in whichthe full range of

variables affecting the outcome of the program orinnovation are investigated.

2. The inquiry stage, in which the emphasis changes frombeing knowledgeable [the observation phase] to the focusingand directing of questions in a coherent relaxed fashion sothat a systematic and selective list of important aspects ofthe program in its context is further understood.3.The explanation stage, in which general principles

underlying the organization of the program are brought tothe light of day and in which patterns of cause and effectwithin its operations are delineated.


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1.OBSERVATION-documenting/recording attendanceduring meetings.

2.INTERVIEWS-discovering the views of participants.

3.QUESTIONAIRES AND TESTS-paper-and-penciltechniques[open-ended questionaire ].

4.DOCUMENTARY AND BACKGROUNDSOURCES- information /eye witness, taperecordings ,autobiographical ,etc


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WHO RECEIVES A REPORT? 1971-Mac Donald had developed his holistic approach

to evaluation, which was based in decision making. Allwriters and practitioners of the illuminative style ofevaluation agree that rhe principal purpose of

evaluation studies is to contribute to decision making. 3 GROUPS OF DECISION MAKERS: A. THE PROGRAM PARTICIPANTS

B.THE PROGRAM SPONSORS OR ADMINISTRATORS

C.THE INTERESTED OUTSIDERS SUCH AS RESEARCHERS AND

SCHOOL COMMITTEES. EACH GROUP WILL LOOK TO THE REPORT FOR AID IN MAKING

DIFFERENT DECISIONS


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1.STENHOUSES RESERVATION[ Laurence Stenhouse]-expressedreservations about the approach .His concern is the problem ofcriteria ,as he feels that the general position assumed by someilluminative evaluators is likely to block progress in research-based innovation.

2.Experimental Bias:[can personal interpretation be scientific?]THIS IS DESCRETIONARY COLLECTION ,ANALYSIS ANDREPORTING OF DATA.

3.Large Scale Studies---PARLETT and HAMILTON firmly believethat illuminative evaluation may be applied on a wider scale.

THANK YOU SO MUCH FOR LISTENING! I LOVE YOU ALL ...RUDY CAGATIN, REPORTED


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Bhest in Project Planning

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