Beyond compliance: meeting the indoor environmental needs ...€¦ · Indoor environmental quality...
Transcript of Beyond compliance: meeting the indoor environmental needs ...€¦ · Indoor environmental quality...
#HFMC17
Prachi GarnawatPhD Candidate
School of Property, Construction and Project Management
RMIT University
Beyond compliance: meeting the indoor environmental needs of the occupants in hospital buildings
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• Background to the research • Objectives of the study• Initial findings from the case study• Discussion • Way forward
Outline
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IEQ
Air Quality
Visual Comfort
Acoustic comfort
Thermal Comfort
• There are various parameters that influence IEQ of a building
• IAQ, thermal, acoustic and visual comfort are considered as the key parameters
• The nature and impact of the IEQ parameters vary with the types of buildings
Indoor environmental quality (IEQ)
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Major Impacts of IEQ in Healthcare Facilities
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IEQ regulations and guidelines for healthcare facilities
#HFMC17 Sources: 1Building Code of Australia (ABCB, 2016); 2AS 1668.2 (Standards Australia, 2012); 3ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 62.1 (ASHRAE, 2010); 4AS 4260 (Standards Australia, 1997a); 5ASHRAEStandard 55 (ASHRAE, 2013); 6AS/NZS 1680-2.5 (Standards Australia, 1997b)
Compilation of IEQ standard limits
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• There is a limited information and research available on IEQ in Australian healthcare facilities
• There are no standardized IEQ assessment methods and guidelines for healthcare facilities
• The related guidelines suggest minimum requirementswhich might not meet occupant needs and occupant satisfaction
Assessment of IEQ in Healthcare Facilities
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• To identify the current practices in management of IEQin Australian Hospitals
• To identify the IEQ parameters considered by building occupants (such as hospital staff) to provide satisfactoryindoor environment
• To analyse and manage the gap between the occupants’ preference and the building performance in terms of IEQ
Objectives of the study
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Research Instrument
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Manager Survey Staff Survey
Survey Design
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• Regional public hospital in Victoria• It provides services from emergency, medical, surgical
to aged care and rehabilitation• Medium sized hospital with 65 acute and 90 high care
beds
Case Study
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• Total occupancy- 120
• Response rate- 28%
• Gender- Female- 80 %
• Average age- 42 years• Average Experience in HC- 15
years (1-36 years)• Average Experience in the
hospital 10 years (1-30 years)
Survey Results
9%
35%
3%
15%
29%
9%
Respondents
Medical
Officer/Practitioner
Nurse
Diagnostic
professionals
Allied health
professionals
Administrative and
clerical staff
Other
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Code Parameter
AQ1 Presence of operable Windows and natural
ventilation
AQ2 Air Quality (Dusty)
AQ3 Air Freshness (Stuffy)
AQ4 Olfactory (odour) Comfort (Smelly)
AQ5 Ability to control air quality
TC1 Air temperature during winters
TC2 Relative Humidity
TC3 Ability to control air temperature
TC4 Air temperature consistency in a day
TC5 Air temperature during summers
LC1 Level of light or luminance
LC2 Flickering of Light
LC3 Ability to control artificial lighting level
LC4 Availability of natural/daylight
LC5 Access to outside views
LC6 Shading devices on window to control sunlight
Code Parameter
AC1 Noise Levels
AC2 Ability to avoid disturbance due to
noise from co-workers
AC3 Ability to avoid disturbance due to
noise from equipment
SQ1 Space available for individual work
SQ2 Cleanliness
SQ3 Availability of places of Respite
SQ4 Privacy
SQ5 Availability of Prayer and quiet rooms
SQ6 Availability of Children activity room
SQ7 Way finding
F1 Availability of feedback system
F2 Regular survey for feedback
F3 Action taken on the reports
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Satisfaction with IEQ
62
%
45
%
79
%
69
%
59
%
35
%
92
%
95
%
96
%
96
%
91
%
81
%
IND OOR A IR QUA LITY
THERMA L COMFORT
LIGHTING A COUSTIC SPA TIA L QUA LITY
FEED BA CK
OVERALL IEQ
Satisfaction
Importance
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• Lighting and acoustic comfort were given the highest importance followed by thermal comfort and air quality.
• The least satisfactory parameter to the staff was regular survey of IEQ followed by their ability to controltemperature and ventilation settings.
• There seems to be a need to move beyond compliance to include occupants’ need in hospital IEQ provision
Discussion
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• Provide research for evidence based designing of hospital buildings that reflects the needs of all the occupants
• Include the experience of IEQ and facilities managers in the hospital research and development
• Investigate and develop integrated IEQ assessment and management framework which involves all the stakeholders
Way Forward
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Thank You.
Prachi Garnawatemail: [email protected]
School of Property, Construction and Project ManagementRMIT UniversityMelbourne, Australia
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• 1ABCB. 2016. National Construction Code, Building Code of Australia Volume 1 - Class 2 to 9 Buildings, Canberra: Australian Building Codes Board (ABCB)
• 2Standards Australia. 1997b. AS/NZS 1680-2.5: Interior lighting Part 2.5: Hospital and medical tasks, Sydney: Standards Australia and Standards New Zealand
• 3ASHRAE. 2010. ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 62.1-2010: Ventilation for Acceptable Indoor Air Quality. Atlanta, GA: ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 62.1-2010: Ventilation for Acceptable Indoor Air Quality
• 4Standards Australia. 1997a. AS 4260: High efficiency particulate air (HEPA) filters— Classification, construction and performance. Homebush, NSW: Standards Australia
• 5ASHRAE. 2013. ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 55-2013: Thermal Environmental Conditions for Human Occupancy (pp. 58). Atlanta, GA: American Society of Heating Refrigerating and Air-conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE)
• 6Standards Australia. 1997b. AS/NZS 1680-2.5: Interior lighting Part 2.5: Hospital and medical tasks, Sydney: Standards Australia and Standards New Zealand
Sources
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• ABS 2012, Industry Structure and Performance Australian Bureau of Statistics, viewed 25/04• ACSQHC 2012, Review of Patient Experience and Satisfaction Surveys Conducted Within Public and
Private Hospitals in Australia, ACSQHC, Australia.• AIHW 2016, Australia's Health, AIHW, Canberra.• Armstrong, BK, Gillespie, JA, Leeder, SR, Rubin, GL & Russell, LM 2007, 'Challenges in health and
health care for Australia', Medical Journal of Australia, vol. 187, no. 9, pp. 485-489, • Australian Government 2016, Industry Employment Projections, Canberra• Garnawat, P, Andamon, MM, Wong, JP & Woo, J 2017, 'Assessment of indoor environmental
quality in Australian healthcare facilities: a review of standards and guidelines', Healthy Buildings 2017 Europe, Lublin, Poland
• Health Workforce 2014, Australia’s Future Health Workforce – Nurses Overview Report, Canberra.• NHMRC 2010, Australian Guidelines for the Prevention and Control of Infection in Healthcare
NHMRC, Canberra, Australia• Naccarella, L, Buchan, J, Sheahan, M, Reading, M, Chevez, A & Pollard, B 2016, Design Matters For
Nurses: Hospital design for nurse attraction and retention, HASSELL, Melbourne, Australia.• Ulrich, R, Quan, X, Zimring, C, Joseph, A & Choudhary, R 2004, The Role of the Physical Environment
in the Hospital of the 21st Century: A Once-in-a-Lifetime Opportunity.• U.S. Department of Health and Human Services 2012, The Physical Environment: An Often
Unconsidered Patient Safety Tool, viewed 19/06
References