Bestnc facts figures-2018-final-hyperlinks

FACTS & FIGURESEDUCATION IN NORTH CAROLINA2018

2 3

BEST NC (Business for Educational Success and Transformation) is a nonprofit organization created by business leaders who believe the future of our states economy is inseparable from the quality of our education. North Carolinas education system must keep pace with the rapidly changing economic landscape of the 21st century. BEST NC supports the creation of the boldest education success story in America, one that nurtures the talents of every student, from early learning to post-graduate, by investing in students, teachers, school leaders, innovation, and establishing high standards of success for all.

JANUARY 2018

www.NCEdFacts.org

[email protected]

@BESTNC_org

BESTNC

BESTNorthCarolina

@BESTNCorg

This guide is designed to give you quick and easy access to key data that will support you in your work to improve North Carolinas education system.

Children & StudentsWho goes to school in North Carolina? Where do they go to school? How has this changed over time?Pages 4-15

EducatorsWho is teaching in North Carolina,pre-k through postsecondary? Howdo teachers enter the profession? Howare educators compensated?

Pages 16-31

Schools & ProgramsHow many schools are in North Carolina? Where do students go to school from pre-k to postsecondary? What schooling options do students have?

Pages 32-39

FinanceHow is education paid for in North Carolina? How is funding distributed? Are there funding inequities?Pages 40-53

AchievementHow are students performing on state and national assessments? At what rate do North Carolina students graduate from high school and postsecondary programs? How are students performing in higher education? Are our students prepared for careers and life?

Pages 54-75

BEST NCs Vision:

Every student graduates with the knowledge, skills and behaviors to succeed in a competitive global economy.

4 5

SECTION 1: Children & Students

Source: Annie E. Casey Foundation KIDS COUNT Data Center, Zero to Three 2015 North Carolina State Baby Facts

0%

25%

20%

15%

10%

5%

22%

20%

0%

60%

40%

30%

20%

10%

50%

54%

30%

Children Living in Households with Food Insecurity (2014)

Children Under Six Receiving Developmental Screening (2015)

Children Ages Zero to 18 Living At or Below 200% of the Federal Poverty Level (2015)

Source: NC Child KIDS COUNT Data Center

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

Asian Black Hispanic White

34% 30%

67% 63%76%

61%

33% 30%

52%42%

Two or MoreRaces

SECTION 1: Children & Students

North Carolina National North Carolina National

NC Pathways to Grade-Level Reading (Pathways) is an initiative of the North Carolina Early Childhood Foundation (NCECF) in partnership with NC Child, the

North Carolina Partnership for Children, and BEST NC.The Pathways icon indicates whole-child Measures of Success that put children on a pathway to grade-level reading. Information on the Pathways initiative is available at: www.buildthefoundation.org/pathways.

North Carolina National

Low-Birthweight Babies (2015)

Source: NC Child Kids Count Data Center

0%

5%

10%

15%

AmericanIndian

Asian Black Hispanic

11%

8%

White Total

8% 8%

14%13%

7% 7%8%

7%9%

8%


In 2017, North Carolina was ranked 33rd overall in child wellbeing, and 22nd in education in the Annie E. Casey Foundation KIDS COUNT Project.

Source: Annie E. Casey Foundation 2017 KIDS COUNT Data Book

5

https://www.zerotothree.org/resources/1162-north-carolina-state-baby-factshttps://www.zerotothree.org/resources/1162-north-carolina-state-baby-factshttps://www.zerotothree.org/resources/1162-north-carolina-state-baby-factshttp://www.ncchild.org/what-we-do/data/kids-count-data-center/http://www.buildthefoundation.org/pathwayshttp://www.ncchild.org/what-we-do/data/kids-count-data-center/http://www.aecf.org/m/resourcedoc/aecf-2017kidscountdatabook.pdf

6 7

22% 32%

North Carolina Pre-K (NC Pre-K)

Since it was initiated in 2001, the NC Pre-K program (formerly More at Four) has served more than 350,000 children. Students enrolled in NC Pre-K attend school for 6.5 hours per day, 180 days per year.

NC Pre-K began in

2001

SECTION 1: Children & StudentsSECTION 1: Children & Students

North Carolina is one of only five states nationally to meet at least 9 out of the 10 quality benchmarks set by the National Institute for Early Education Research.

9 OUT OF 10

quality benchmarks met

Children from families at or below 75% of the state median income are eligible to enroll in NC Pre-K, along with English language learners, children with developmental disabilities or chronic health conditions, and children of active duty military members.

Families at or below

75%of the state

median income are eligible

Current funding supports approximately 30,700 NC Pre-K seats. Over 36,000 eligible children - or 54% of the eligible four-year-olds are not being served.

Over

54%of eligible NC four-year-olds are not being

served

Source: Frank Porter Graham 2016 NC Pre-K Evaluation, NIEER 2016 State of Pre School Report, North Carolina Department of Health and Human Services Source: NIEER 2016 State of Pre School Report


Percent of Four-Year-Olds Enrolled in State Pre-KPrograms (2016)

Source: Frank Porter Graham 2016 NC Pre-K Evaluation, North Carolina General Assembly 2017 Appropriations Act

NC Pre-K Seats

0

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000

25,000

30,000

35,000

40,00033,798

2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018

34,212 33,747

29,311 32,142

29,346 29,271 28,757 29,017 30,742

http://fpg.unc.edu/sites/fpg.unc.edu/files/resources/reports-and-policy-briefs/2015-16%20NC%20Pre-K%20Eval%20Report.pdfhttp://nieer.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/05/North-Carolina_YB16.pdfhttp://nieer.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/05/North-Carolina_YB16.pdfhttp://fpg.unc.edu/sites/fpg.unc.edu/files/resources/reports-and-policy-briefs/2015-16%20NC%20Pre-K%20Eval%20Report.pdfhttp://ncleg.net/Sessions/2017/Budget/2017/conference_committee_report_2017_06_19.pdfhttp://ncleg.net/Sessions/2017/Budget/2017/conference_committee_report_2017_06_19.pdf

8 9


Charter school and home school growth accounted for 94% of total growth in K-12 student membership over the past five years.

Source: NC DPI Student Accounting Data

Source: NC DPI Statistical Profile

2013 2017

Average Daily K-12 Student Membership by School Type

8

1% 1%0%

20%

40%

60%

Asian Black Hispanic Two or MoreRaces

WhiteAmericanIndian

3% 3%

26% 26%

14% 17%

4% 4%

52% 49%

Demographics of K-12 Public Schools (Traditional and Charter)

Source: NC DPI Student Accounting Data, NC Home School Statistical Summary

Traditional Public Public Charter Private School Home School

0

4,000,000

8,000,000

1,200,000

1,600,000

2,000,000

2013 2014 2015 2016 2017

1,432,5071,434,180 1,433,592 1,428,0511,427,281

100,585127,847

90,393

Children who are chronically absent in preschool, kindergarten, and 1st grade are less likely to read at grade level by the 3rd grade. Students who are chronically absent from school are far more likely to eventually drop out.

Source: U.S. Department of Education 2015 Chronic Absenteeism Data Story

Source: Attendance Works 2016 Preventing Missed Opportunity Report

*Students are classified as chronically absent if they miss 15 or more days of school in a single year.

Chronic Absenteeism* in K-12 Public Schools (2015)

14%


13%

9

Source: NC DPI 2017 Limited English Proficiency Headcount Report

7 % of North Carolina K-12 public school students are English language learners.

http://www.ncpublicschools.org/fbs/accounting/data/http://apps.schools.nc.gov/ords/f?p=1:1http://www.ncpublicschools.org/fbs/accounting/data/https://ncdoa.s3.amazonaws.com/s3fs-public/NON-PublicEducation/documents/2016-17-NC-Home-School-Statistical-Summary.pdfhttps://www2.ed.gov/datastory/chronicabsenteeism.htmlhttp://www.attendanceworks.org/preventing-missed-opportunity/https://www.ncleg.net/documentsites/committees/JLEOC/Reports%20Received/2017%20Reports%20Received/Students%20with%20Limited%20English%20Proficiency%2012.15.17.pdf

10 11


Enrollment in K-12 Traditional Schools by District (2016-17)


Base geographic mapping files provided by theFridayInstitute for Educational Innovation, North Carolina State University. Visit www.NCEdFacts.org for more interactive data.

Five-Year Percent Change in K-12 Student Enrollment by School District (2012 to 2017)



While overall average daily membership in traditional K-12 public schools increased by 0.7% over the past five years, 78 out of 115 districts experienced a decline in student membership.Source: NC DPI Student Accounting Data

Charter Enrollment as Percent of Total K-12 Public School Enrollment by District (2016-17)



11


6 % of K-12 public school students attend charter schools, up from 3% five years ago.Source: NC DPI Statistical Profile

Traditional Public Public Charter

Demographics of K-12 Traditional Public Schools vs. Public Charter Schools (2016-17)

1% 1%0%

20%

40%

60%


WhiteAmericanIndian

3% 3%

26% 26%17%

9% 4% 4%

49%56%

10

500

10,000

30,000

75,000+

0%

4%

12%

20%+

-30%

-10%

0%

4+%

https://www2.ed.gov/datastory/chronicabsenteeism.htmlhttp://www.ncpublicschools.org/fbs/accounting/data/https://www2.ed.gov/datastory/chronicabsenteeism.htmlhttp://www.ncpublicschools.org/fbs/accounting/data/http://www.ncpublicschools.org/fbs/accounting/data/https://www2.ed.gov/datastory/chronicabsenteeism.htmlhttp://www.ncpublicschools.org/fbs/accounting/data/http://www.ncpublicschools.org/fbs/accounting/data/https://www2.ed.gov/datastory/chronicabsenteeism.htmlhttp://apps.schools.nc.gov/ords/f?p=1:15:0::NO:::

12 13


Short-Term Suspension Rate by Race/Ethnicity in North Carolina K-12 Public Schools (2015-16)

# of

Sus

pens

ions

per

10

Enro

lled

3.5 million hours of instructional time was lost in the 2015-16 academic year due to short-term suspensions.

In the 2015-16 academic year, 116,467 students received one or more short-term suspensions. These students were suspended an average of 1.86 times with an average total duration of 5.5 school days.

Black students are suspended at more than four times the rate of white students; American Indian students are suspended at more than three times the rate of white students.

Source: NC DPI 2015-16 Consolidated Discipline Report

Source: NC DPI 2015-16 Consolidated Discipline Report


WhiteAmericanIndian

Total0

0.5

1

1.5

2.5

3

2

3.5

2.49

0.17

3.17

0.89

1.69

0.72

1.42

12

National School Lunch ProgramPublic school children qualify for free meals if their familys income is 130% of the federal poverty level or less ($31,980 per year for a family of four). Students qualify for reduced price meals if family income is 131-185% of the federal poverty level (up to $45,510 per year for a family of four).

Source: U.S. Department of Agriculture National School Lunch Program Fact Sheet, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services 2017 Federal Poverty Guidelines

Source: National Forum on Education Statistics Alternative Measures of Socioeconomic Status in Education Data Systems, U.S. Dept. of Agriculture Community Eligibility Fact Sheet

+ The Community Eligibility Provision of the 2010 Healthy, Hunger-Free Kids Act provides an alternative to household applications for free- and reduced-price meals for schools and districts with an eligibility rate at or above 40%. Community eligibility improves the efficiency and effectiveness of the National School Lunch Program by streamlining meal service, reducing stigma, and reducing household and administrative burden. However, with the loss of student-level eligibility data, free and reduced price meal participation after 2014 is becoming a less reliable proxy for individual economic need.

Source: NC DPI Free & Reduced Meals Application Data, National Center for Education Statistics


Short-Term Suspension Rate by Race/Ethnicity in North Carolina K-12 Public Schools (2015-16)

2009 20112010 2012 2013 2015+2014 2016+ 2017+0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

2008

48%43%

50%45%

54%48%

54%48%

56%50%

56%51%

58%52% 53%52% 52%

60%

http://www.ncpublicschools.org/docs/research/discipline/reports/consolidated/2015-16/consolidated-report.pdfhttp://www.ncpublicschools.org/docs/research/discipline/reports/consolidated/2015-16/consolidated-report.pdfhttps://fns-prod.azureedge.net/sites/default/files/cn/NSLPFactSheet.pdfhttps://aspe.hhs.gov/poverty-guidelineshttps://aspe.hhs.gov/poverty-guidelineshttps://nces.ed.gov/pubs2015/2015158.pdfhttps://nces.ed.gov/pubs2015/2015158.pdfhttps://fns-prod.azureedge.net/sites/default/files/cn/CEPfactsheet.pdfhttp://www.dpi.state.nc.us/docs/fbs/resources/data/freereduced/2016-17freereduced.xlsxhttps://nces.ed.gov/programs/digest/d16/tables/dt16_204.10.asp

14 15


Source: UNC System Data Dashboard, North Carolina Independent Colleges and Universities -Quick Facts

In-State Out-of-State

North Carolina Community College System Enrollment (Fall 2016)

Fall Curriculum Enrollment

Career and Technical Education 105,923

Transfer and General Education 109,009

Special Credit 9,539

Total Curriculum Unduplicated Enrollment 223,651

Fall Continuing Education Enrollment

Basic Skills 44,163

All Other Continuing Education 173,536

Total Continuing Education Unduplicated Enrollment 217,699

Source: North Carolina Community College System Statistical Reports

UNC System and Independent College/University Enrollment (2016)

0

50,000

200,000

150,000

100,000

250,000

UNC System North Carolina IndependentColleges and Universities

194,841 52,062

33,683

37,885

UNC System Enrollment Trends

Source: UNC System Data Dashboard

UNC System Enrollment by Gender (2016)

Female Male


57%43%

Undergraduate Graduate

2009 20112010 2012 2013 20152014 20160

50,000

100,000

200,000

250,000

150,000

2007 2008

170,472

45,220

175,281

46,446

175,760

45,250

177,744

44,224

182,462

46,062

UNC System Enrollment by Race/Ethnicity (2016)


40,00020,000 60,000 80,000 120,000100,000 140,000Pacific Islander

American IndianUnknown

Two or More RacesAsian

InternationalHispanic

BlackWhite

0

132,895

46,399

13,491

9,877

9,196

8,124

6,299

2,027

216

https://www2.ed.gov/datastory/chronicabsenteeism.htmlttps://ung4.ondemand.sas.com/SASVisualAnalyticsViewer/guest.jsp?appSwitcherDisabled=true&reportViewOnly=true&reportPath=/UNG/External%20Content/Reports&reportName=EnrollmentReporthttp://www.ncicu.org/who_quick.htmlhttp://www.ncicu.org/who_quick.htmlhttps://www2.ed.gov/datastory/chronicabsenteeism.htmlhttp://North Carolina Community College System - Statistical Reportshttps://www2.ed.gov/datastory/chronicabsenteeism.htmlttps://ung4.ondemand.sas.com/SASVisualAnalyticsViewer/guest.jsp?appSwitcherDisabled=true&reportViewOnly=true&reportPath=/UNG/External%20Content/Reports&reportName=EnrollmentReporthttps://www2.ed.gov/datastory/chronicabsenteeism.htmlttps://ung4.ondemand.sas.com/SASVisualAnalyticsViewer/guest.jsp?appSwitcherDisabled=true&reportViewOnly=true&reportPath=/UNG/External%20Content/Reports&reportName=EnrollmentReporthttps://www2.ed.gov/datastory/chronicabsenteeism.html

17

SECTION 2: EducatorsSECTION 2: Educators

99%of ECE teachers are women

Source: Child Care Services 2015 North Carolina Early Childhood Education Workforce Report

51%of ECE centers offer no health

insurance benefits to employees

39%of ECE teachers received public assistance within the last three

years

18%turnover rate of full-time ECE

teachers and teacher assistants in 2015

Statewide Wages for Early Childhood Education Teachers (2015)

All Early Childhood Education Teachers $10.46/hour

NC Pre-K Teachers $17.49/hour


Educational Attainment of North Carolina Early Childhood Education (ECE) Teachers (2015)

37%

26%

36%

1%


Associates Degree

Bachelors Degree or Higher

High School Only

High School, Plus Any College Courses

Early Childhood Education (ECE) Teacher Preparation Enrollment In North Carolina Community Colleges

2005

16,000

2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011

15,000

14,000

13,000

12,000

11,000

10,000

9,000

8,0002012 2013 2014 2015 2016

Source: NCCCS 2016 ECE Program Enrollment Counts

Early Childhood Education Teacher Wage Gap (2016)

Aver

age

Sala

ry o

f 200

8-09

NCC

CS G

radu

ates

(F

our Y

ears

Afte

r Gra

duat

ion)

$19,

632

$30,

287

Source: NCCCS 2016 Graduate Wage Data

North Carolina Community College System (NCCCS)Graduates with an Associates Degree in Early Childhood Education

All Associates Degree Graduates

16

http://www.childcareservices.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/01/2015-Workforce-Report-FNL.pdfhttp://www.childcareservices.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/01/2015-Workforce-Report-FNL.pdfhttp://www.childcareservices.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/01/2015-Workforce-Report-FNL.pdf

18 19


Average SAT Scores for Education Majors and Non-Education Majors in the UNC System (2014-15)1400

UNCSystem

Total

ASU ECU ECSU FSU NCA&T NCCU NCSU UNCA UNCCH UNCC UNCG UNCP UNCW WCU WSSU700800900

1000110012001300

Education Majors Non-Education Majors

Source: UNC Educator Quality Dashboard

UNC System Educator Preparation Program Enrollment Trends

Source: UNC Educator Quality Dashboard

Bachelor's Plus Other Educator Preparation Enrollments Master's

Fall 2010

11,053

7,599

10,0008,0006,0004,0002,000

0

20,00018,00016,00014,00012,000

Fall 2011 Fall 2012 Fall 2014Fall 2013 Fall 2016Fall 2015

10,510

6,946

9,998

6,643

9,485

6,058

8,410

5,164

8,062

5,171

8,452

5,525

Source: NC DPI Statistical Profile, National Center for Education Statistics

Both nationally and in North Carolina, 80% of K-12 public school teachers are white, while the majority of K-12 public school students are non-white.

19


Teacher and Student Demographics in North Carolina K-12 Public Schools (2015-16)

Teachers Students

80.1% White

49.1% White

20 2120 Source: NC DPI National Board Certification Data


North Carolina K-12 Public School Teachers (2016-17)North Carolina Teacher Effectiveness Distributions by Title I Status (2015-16)

Source: NC DPI National Board Certification Data, NC DPI Free and Reduced Meals Application Data

Percentage of Teachers RatedHighly Effective

Percentage of Teachers RatedIn Needed of Improvement

15%

10%

5%

0

20%

Non-Title I Schools Title I Schools

* North Carolina teachers are evaluated on a statewide rubric. Teachers who do not meet the level of proficiency on the evaluation standards or the Student Growth measure are deemed In Need of Improvement. Teachers who demonstrate greater than proficient ratings on the evaluation standards and exceed expectations for Student Growth are deemed Highly Effective. More information on teacher and principal evaluations can be found at: http://www.dpi.state.nc.us/effectiveness-model/data.

Source: NC DPI Consolidated State ESSA Plan

Percentage of National Board Certified Teachers by School District Free and Reduced Meal Eligibility Quartile (2016-17)

Highest PovertyQuartile

Lowest PovertyQuartile

15%

10%

5%

0

9%7%

10%

13%

10 % of North Carolina educators and other certified personnel in traditional public schools are National Board certified. North Carolina has more National Board Certified Teachers than any other state in the nation.

80% Female

20% Male

100,025 Total

5% All Other Races

15% Black

80% White

North Carolina K-12 Public School Principals (2016-17)

North Carolina K-12 Public School Assistant Principals (2016-17)


100,025 Total

3% All Other Races

24% Black

73% White

60% Female

40% Male

4% All Other Races

32% Black

65% White

63% Female

37% Male

2,640 Total 2,640 Total

3,114 Total 3,114 Total

http://www.ncpublicschools.org/nationalboardcertification/data/http://www.ncpublicschools.org/nationalboardcertification/data/http://www.dpi.state.nc.us/fbs/resources/data/http://www.dpi.state.nc.us/effectiveness-model/data/.http://www.ncpublicschools.org/docs/succeeds/essa-state-plan.pdfhttp://apps.schools.nc.gov/ords/f?p=1:21:0::NO:::

22 23


Classroom Teacher Allotments North Carolina Public SchoolsIn North Carolina, the state allots teaching positions to each school district based on the number of students in each grade, according to specific ratios set by the General Assembly. The classroom teacher allotment is by far the largest single state allotment; salary and benefits for teaching positions represent approximately 55% of total state support for education. Over the past seven years, the state changed allotment ratios four times, generally decreasing student to teacher ratios in the lower grades, and increasing them in grades 4 through 12.

In 2016, the General Assembly enacted legislation requiring actual average student to teacher ratios in grades K-3 not to exceed the allotment ratios starting in the 2018-19 academic year. This has sparked considerable debate, in part because for the first time since the development of the states Basic Educational Program, districts will be required to use the states full teaching position allotment to fund classroom teachers. Currently, there is no separate allotment for elementary school art, music, physical education, and world language teachers.

Source: NC DPI Highlights of the Public School Budget

15-Year Trends in Classroom Teacher Allotment Ratios for North Carolina Public Schools*

* Expressed as teachers per students in average daily membership

Class Size Decrease Class Size IncreaseNo Change

Source: NC DPI Statistical Profile, NC Division of Public Health

Traditional K-12 Public School Teachers and Teacher Assistants in North Carolina by Funding Source (2008 to 2017)

In 2016-17, there was one guidance counselor for every 369 students in North Carolina public schools. The American Counseling Association recommends a maximum of 250 students for every one guidance counselor.

In 2016-17, there was one school nurse for every 1,086 students in North Carolina public schools. The National Association of School Nurses recommends one school nurse for every 750 students without special health needs.


State Funded Federally Funded Locally Funded

Teachers Teacher Assistants

2017200820172008

100,000

120,000

80,000

60,000

40,000

20,000

085,575 81,932 22,441 15,720

5,878 6,059

4,2373,971

6,223 6,313

2,8991,937

* For complete data on 10-year trends in district full-time personnel visit www.NCEdFacts.org.

Grade2004-05

to2010-11

2011-12 2012-13 2013-14 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 Net Effect from2005 to 2019

K 1:18 - - 1:19 1:18 - - - - -

1 1:18 1:17 - 1:18 1:17 - 1:16 - - 1:18 to 1:16

2-3 1:18 1:17 - 1:18 1:17 - - - - 1:18 to 1:17

4-6 1:21 - - 1:24 - - - - - 1:22 to 1:24

7-8 1:21 - - 1:23 - - - - - 1:21 to 1:23

9 1:24.5 - - 1:26.5 - - - - - 1:24.5 to 1:26.5

10-12 1:26.64 - - 1:29 - - - - - 1:26.64 to 1:19

http://www.dpi.state.nc.us/fbs/resources/data/http://apps.schools.nc.gov/ords/f?p=1:21:201176043543101::NO::P21_SELECTYEAR:2017https://simbli.eboardsolutions.com/Meetings/Attachment.aspx?S=10399&AID=97975&MID=3553http://apps.schools.nc.gov/ords/f?p=1:21:201176043543101::NO::P21_SELECTYEAR:2017

24 25


In 2017, North Carolinas average teacher pay ranked 35th in the nation. Adjusting for cost-of-living, North Carolinas average teacher pay ranked 27th nationally in 2017.

Source: National Education Association Rankings and Estimates, Missouri Economic Research and Information Center

24

Source: North Carolina General Assembly 2017 Appropriations Act

Compensation for North Carolina K-12 Public School Teachers (2017-18)

Total Compensation with National Board and Average Local Supplement

Total Compensation with National Board, Master's, and Average Local Supplement

State Health Insurance Contribution ($5,869)

2017-18 State Base Salary

Average Local Supplement(8.4% of Base Pay)

State Retirement Contribution (17.13% of Salary)

32 4 5 6$0

$10,000

$40,000

$60,000

$20,000

$50,000

$30,000

$70,000

0 1

$80,000

$90,000

98 10 11 127 1514 16 17 1813 2019 21 22 23 24 25+

Average Local Salary Supplement for North Carolina K-12 Teachers by School District (2016-17)



Average K-12 Teacher Salaries, Inflation Adjusted to 2017 Dollars

* 35 states have an average salary below the national average.

Source: National Education Association Rankings and Estimates

Georgia (Highest in the Southeast) National Average*

North Carolina Southeast Average

2007 20112009 2013 2015 2017$30,000

$35,000

$50,000

$60,000

$40,000

$55,000

$45,000

$65,000

2003 2005

$0

$1,500

$3,500

$6,500+

Visit www.NCEdFacts.org for more interactive data.

http://www.nea.org/home/44479.htmhttps://www.missourieconomy.org/indicators/cost_of_living/https://www.missourieconomy.org/indicators/cost_of_living/https://ncleg.net/Sessions/2017/Bills/Senate/PDF/S257v8.pdfhttp://apps.schools.nc.gov/ords/f?p=145:25:::NO:::http://www.NCEdFacts.orghttp://www.nea.org/assets/docs/2017_Rankings_and_Estimates_Report-FINAL-SECURED.pdfhttp:// www.NCEdFacts.org

27


North Carolina Teachers and State Employee Retirement System and Health BenefitsAll full-time employees in North Carolina public schools participate in the states Teachers and State Employees Retirement System (TSERS). TSERS provides qualifying employees a guaranteed salary and individual health benefits upon retirement from state government.

In North Carolina, employees vest in TSERS after five years of service. Employees may retire with unreduced benefits after 30 years at any age, after 25 years of service at age 60 or older, or after five years at age 65 or older. Teachers contribute 6% of their pre-tax salary to TSERS, a rate that has been consistent since 1975.

Nearly all states maintain a defined benefit (pension) plan for teachers and other state employees; in North Carolina and 29 other states all teachers also participate in social security.

TSERS is roughly comparable to the national median state plan and significantly more generous than the private sector average. Retiree health benefits in North Carolina are significantly more generous than the national median state plan and the private sector.

Active state employee premiums for individual health care coverage are more generous than most other state plans and the private sector, but less generous than average for family plans.

Source: North Carolina TSERS Handbook, NCGA Fiscal Research Division Comparison of the Value of Employee Benefits

Compensation Distribution for North Carolina K-12 Public School System Employees

Salary

Benefits

Compensation Distribution for North Carolina Private Sector Employees

26%

74%

Salary

Benefits

16%

84%

State Retirement Contributions for Teachers and Other State Employees as a Percentage of Employee Salary

Source: North Carolina General Assembly Fiscal Research Division History of Budget Legislation

2004 20082006 2010 2012 20162014 20180

5%

10%

25%

15%

30%

20%

2000 2002

7.7%

2.0%

6.8%

7.7%

6.3%

11.7%

State Pension and Other Benefits

FICA (Social Security and Medicare Benefits State Retiree Health Benefits

State Health Coverage Contributions for Teachers and Other State Employees, Inflation Adjusted to 2017 Dollars

Source: North Carolina General Assembly Fiscal Research Division History of Budget Legislation

2004 20082006 2010 2012 20162014 20180

$1,000

$2,000

$5,000

$7,000

$3,000

$6,000

$4,000

2000 2002

$3,165

$6,104

26

https://www.nctreasurer.com/ret/Benefits%20Handbooks/TSERShandbook.pdfhttps://www.ncleg.net/fiscalresearch/fiscal_briefs/Fiscal_Briefs_PDFs/Fiscal_Brief_Value_of_Employee_Benefits.pdfhttps://www.ncleg.net/fiscalresearch/fiscal_briefs/Fiscal_Briefs_PDFs/Fiscal_Brief_Value_of_Employee_Benefits.pdfhttps://www.ncleg.net/fiscalresearch/Budget_Legislation/budget_legislation.htmlhttps://www.ncleg.net/fiscalresearch/Budget_Legislation/budget_legislation.html

29


Teacher Turnover in North Carolina K-12 Schools by District (2016-17)


13.5% State Average Teacher Turnover in 2016-17

Average EVAAS Scores* of Teachers Who Remained in and Departed from North Carolina Public Schools (2016-17)

Source: NC DPI 2016-17 State of the Teaching Profession Report


*Teachers with EVAAS scores of zero are considered to be as effective as the hypothetical average North Carolina teacher.

Remained in North Carolina Public Schools

Departed from North Carolina Public Schools

0-4 5-9 10-14 15-19 20-24 25-30

-0.06

0.24 0.23 0.240.34 0.36

-0.68

-0.33

-0.49 -0.52 -0.50

-0.32

Aver

age

EVAA

S Sc

ore

Top Reasons for K-12 Teacher Turnover in North Carolina (2016-17)


To Teach in Another North Carolina Public School District

0 1,000 2,000 3,000 4,000 5,000

Retired with Full or Reduced Benefits

Family Relocation

Career Change

Teach in Another State

Family Responsibilities/Childcare

4,549

2,043

1,006

865

767

604

North Carolina Hard-to-Staff* K-12 Licensure Areas (2015-16)

Source: NC STEM Center 2014 Scorecard

One-third of middle and high school math and science courses are taught by teachers without licenses in the discipline they are teaching.

29

*Hard-to-Staff licensure areas not included in the 2016-17 State of the Teaching Profession report.Source: NC DPI 2015-16 State of the Teaching Profession Report

% of Districts Reporting Staffing Difficulties

20%10% 30% 40% 60%50% 70%

Special Ed. (Adapted)

6th-8th Grade Science

6th-8th Grade Math

9th-12th Grade Science

K-12 Special Ed.

9th-12th Grade Math

0% 80% 90% 100%

40%

78%

66%

64%

59%

50%

28

5%

10%

16%

25%+

http://www.NCEdFacts.orghttps://www2.ed.gov/datastory/chronicabsenteeism.htmlhttps://simbli.eboardsolutions.com/Meetings/Attachment.aspx?S=10399&AID=120424&MID=3930https://simbli.eboardsolutions.com/Meetings/Attachment.aspx?S=10399&AID=120424&MID=3930https://www2.ed.gov/datastory/chronicabsenteeism.htmlhttps://simbli.eboardsolutions.com/Meetings/Attachment.aspx?S=10399&AID=120424&MID=3930https://www.ncsmt.org/programs/nc-stem-learning-network/nc-stem-scorecard/http://www.ncpublicschools.org/docs/educatoreffectiveness/surveys/leaving/2015-16turnoverreport.pdf

30 31


Principal Pay in North CarolinaIn recent years, principal pay in North Carolina ranked last in the Southeast and near the bottom nationally. In 2017, the North Carolina General Assembly transformed the state salary schedule for principals with an investment of $24M, or an average raise of approximately nine percent.

The previous statewide schedule was based on each principals years of experience, level of education, and the number of teachers in the school they led. Annual state-funded pay ranged from $52,656 to $111,984, with an average of $64,416 in 2017. The updated schedule is based on the size of the school and the principals growth status (derived from students performance on standardized End-of-Course and End-of-Grade exams).

In the 2016-17 academic year, the average local salary supplement was $13,616 for principals and $7,027 for assistant principals. Source: NC DPI Statistical Profile

30

Source: North Carolina General Assembly 2017 Appropriations Act

2017-18 Principal Salary Schedule

Average Daily Student Membership

Base Salary

MetGrowth

Exceeded Growth

0-400 $61,751 $67,926 $74,101

401-700 $64,839 $71,322 $77,806

701-1,000 $67,926 $74,719 $81,511

1,001-1,300 $71,014 $78,115 $85,216

1,301+ $74,101 $81,511 $88,921

Principals are also eligible for two stackable bonuses based on their school-level growth scores and school performance grades.

Ranking (Statewide Growth Percentage)

Bonus Amount

Top 5% $5,000

5-10% $4,000

10-15% $3,000

15-20% $2,000

20-50% $1,000

Current Year

PriorYear

Bonus Award

Exceeded Growth

Met/Did Not Exceed Growth $5,000

Exceeded Growth

Met/Did Not Exceed Growth & D or F School

$10,000

Average Local Salary Supplement for K-12 Principals in North Carolina by School District (2016-17)



Source: SREB 2016 State Data Exchange

Higher Education Salaries in North Carolina vs. Southern Region Education Board (SREB) States

Public Four-Year Institutions$0

$40,000

$60,000

$80,000

$20,000

Public Two-Year Institutions

$76,944 $77,662 $47,724 $52,070

North Carolina Average SREB Average

$0

$6,500

$12,500

$25,000+

http://apps.schools.nc.gov/ords/f?p=1:25:689947458414601::NO::P25_SELECTYEAR:2017https://ncleg.net/Sessions/2017/Bills/Senate/PDF/S257v8.pdfhttp://www.NCEdFacts.orghttp://apps.schools.nc.gov/ords/f?p=1:25:689947458414601::NO::P25_SELECTYEAR:2017https://www.sreb.org/sreb-state-data-exchange

33

Source: NC DPI Student Accounting Data, NC 2017 Directory of Non-Public Schools

North Carolina K-12 Schools by Type (2017-18)

North Carolina has 6,340 licensed child care programs; 4,561 are child care centers and 1,779 are family child care homes. North Carolina uses a range of one to five stars to rate early learning programs. Programs that meet minimum standards receive one star, while programs exceeding these requirements may apply to receive up to five stars.

Children in Four- or Five-Star Early Learning Programs

Source: Frank Porter Graham 2016 NC Pre-K Evaluation, Child Care Services Association 2017 State-wide Facts

Source: Child Care Services Association 2017 Statewide Facts, NC Department of Health and Human Services NC Pre-K Overview

95%NC Pre-K

69%Child Care Centers (Ages 0-5)

SECTION 3: Schools & Programs

Traditional Public 2,461

Public Charter 173

Regional and Lab Schools 3

Statewide: Deaf, Blind, Virtual 5

Private 752

Total K-12 Schools 3,394

73% 22% 5%

Traditional Public

Private

Charter

If homeschooling were a district, it would be the 3rd largest district in North Carolina. Private schools would be the4th largest, and charter schools would be the 5th largest.

North Carolina K-12 Public School Districts

6,020 StudentsMedian District Size

12,457 StudentsAverage District Size

North Carolina has 115 school districts (otherwise known as Local Education Agencies or LEAs).

Source: NC DPI Student Accounting Data, NC Private School Statistics, NC Home School Statistical Summary



Wake and Mecklenburg counties each enrolled more students than the 53 smallest districts combined.

34%of students attend the

largest five school districts

32

http://www.dpi.state.nc.us/fbs/accounting/data/https://ncdoa.s3.amazonaws.com/s3fs-public/NON-PublicEducation/documents/2016-2017-Conventional-School-Statistics-Report.pdfhttp://fpg.unc.edu/sites/fpg.unc.edu/files/resources/reports-and-policy-briefs/2015-16%20NC%20Pre-K%20Eval%20Report.pdfhttp://www.childcareservices.org/repository/documents/ChildCareSTATEWIDE2017September.pdfhttp://www.childcareservices.org/repository/documents/ChildCareSTATEWIDE2017September.pdfhttp://www.childcareservices.org/repository/documents/ChildCareSTATEWIDE2017September.pdfhttp://ncchildcare.dhhs.state.nc.us/general/mb_ncprek.asphttp://ncchildcare.dhhs.state.nc.us/general/mb_ncprek.asphttp://www.ncpublicschools.org/fbs/accounting/data/https://ncdoa.s3.amazonaws.com/s3fs-public/NON-PublicEducation/documents/2016-2017-Conventional-School-Statistics-Report.pdfhttps://ncdoa.s3.amazonaws.com/s3fs-public/NON-PublicEducation/documents/2016-17-NC-Home-School-Statistical-Summary.pdfhttps://ncdoa.s3.amazonaws.com/s3fs-public/NON-PublicEducation/documents/2016-17-NC-Home-School-Statistical-Summary.pdfhttp://www.ncpublicschools.org/fbs/accounting/data/http://www.ncpublicschools.org/fbs/accounting/data/

34 35

SECTION 3: Schools & ProgramsSECTION 3: Schools & Programs

178,000 students are enrolled in gifted education programming. White students are enrolled at nearly four times the rate of black students.

34

Children with Disabilities in North Carolina K-12 Public Schools Who Receive Special Education Services by Race (2017)

Children in Academically and Intellectually Gifted Programs in North Carolina K-12 Public Schools by Race (2017)

The North Carolina Department of Public Instruction Exceptional Children Division supports local school districts to develop and implement individualized education plans for 204,000 students with disabilities in North Carolina K-12 public schools.


WhiteAmericanIndian

Total0%5%

10%15%20%25%30%

6.9%

24.1%

4.9% 5.5%

11.9%

18.4%

12.5%


WhiteAmericanIndian

Total0%

5%

10%

15%

20% 17.8%

6.1%

17.4%

12.4%14.3% 13.8% 14.3%

North Carolina Cooperative Innovate High Schools(2016-17)

North Carolinas College and Career Promise College and Career Promise offers opportunities for qualified high school students to enroll tuition-free in community college courses that provide pathways leading to a certificate, diploma, or degree. In 2017, nearly 22,000 North Carolina high school students participated in the College and Career Promise program. More than 80% of students enrolled earn a C or better in college coursework.

Career and Technical Education (CTE) Career and Technical Education (CTE) in North Carolina public schools provides students with academic, technical, and employability skills along with industry-recognized certifications and licensure that have value in local, regional, state, and global economies.

More than 99,000 North Carolina public school students earned one or more CTE credentials in the 2016-17 academic year.

1 in 5 North Carolina high school students earned one or more Career and Technical Education certifications and/or were dually enrolled in the North Carolina Community College System in the 2016-17 academic year.

35Source: NC DPI Division of Advanced Learning and Gifted Education

Number of Schools 125

Students Currently Enrolled 21,272

Percentage of CIHS Students Promoted to the Next Grade Level Each Year >95%

Percent of Community College Courses Passed with C or Better (2016) 85%

Source: NC DPI Evaluation of Innovative High School Programs

Source: NC DPI Advanced Learning College and Career Promise

Source: NC DPI Career and Technical Education

Source: NC DPI Division of Advanced Learning and Gifted Education

Source: NC DPI Exceptional Children Division

http://www.ncpublicschools.org/advancedlearning/aig/student-data/childcount/http://www.dpi.state.nc.us/docs/cihs/data/2016-17/cihs-annual-report.pdfhttp://www.dpi.state.nc.us/advancedlearning/ccp/http://www.dpi.state.nc.us/docs/cte/certification-report.pdfhttps://ec.ncpublicschools.gov/reports-data/child-count/reports

36 37

SECTION 3: Schools & ProgramsSECTION 3: Schools & Programs

North Carolina Teaching FellowsIn 2017 the North Carolina General Assembly established a revised Teaching Fellows Program focused on recruiting, preparing, and supporting highly effective public school teachers in the hardest to staff subject areas: STEM and special education. The Teaching Fellows Commission will recruit high school seniors, current college students, and bachelors degree holders into the teaching profession with forgivable loans of up to $8,250 annually to attend the most effective public and private teacher education programs. Accelerated loan forgiveness will be provided for Fellows who teach in a low-performing school. The first cohort of Teaching Fellows will begin training in the 2018-19 academic year at UNC Chapel Hill, UNC Charlotte, NC State University, Elon University, and Meredith College.

Transforming Principal Preparation Program (TP3)Enacted by the North Carolina General Assembly in 2015, TP3 is a competitive grant program that makes selection into principal preparation programs more rigorous and intentional.

The program integrates key components that the nations most successful programs share, including:

School Systems as EmployersTraditional K-12 public school districts are the single largest employer in 68 North Carolina counties, a top-3 employer in 97 counties, and a top-5 employer in all 100 counties.

UNC system universities are the single largest employer in three North Carolina counties.

Proactive, intentional recruitment efforts

A high bar for entry A full-time, paid residency

A focus on authentic partnerships with and preparation for service in high-need schools and districts

The first two cohorts of approximately 120 principal candidates recruited and trained under TP3 will be eligible to assume leadership roles in North Carolina public schools in 2018 and 2019, respectively.

Largest Employers by North Carolina County (2017)


Source: North Carolina Department of Commerce

Health Services Higher Education

K-12 Education

Manufacturing

Other Public Administration

37

http://www.NCEdFacts.orghttp://d4.nccommerce.com/QCEWLargestEmployers.aspx

39

Access to Technology in K-12 Schools North Carolina is nationally recognized as a leader in bringing broadband Internet access to public schools. Through the School Connectivity Initiative (SCI), every $1 in state funds is leveraged with at least $3.50 in federal funds to deliver high-speed Internet to virtually every K-12 public school in North Carolina. More than two-thirds of school districts have at least one Internet access point per classroom.

In the past five years, Internet bandwidth delivered to K-12 public schools increased eightfold. According to the North Carolina Department of Public Instructions 2017 SCI report, peak Internet usage in K-12 public schools is double that of the community college system, UNC system, and independent colleges and universities combined.

SECTION 3: Schools & Programs

Do Districts and Schools Include Digital Teaching and Learning in Strategic Plans?

Yes

Yes

No

No

1,831100

68215

LEAs Schools

Digital Access

38

Source: NC DPI School Connectivity Report, NC Digital Learning and Media Inventory One-Pager

% of schools with at least one access point

per classroom

% of schools w/ at least one grade participating in

a 1:1 program

% of schools with at least one grade

participating in BYOD

66 17.06 28.87

Higher Education Institutions in North Carolina (2017)

North Carolina Community College System (NCCCS)

58 Community Colleges

UNC System

17 Public Campuses

Independent Colleges and Universities

36 Institutions

https://ncdli.fi.ncsu.edu/dlplan/docs/connectivity-update-2017.pdfhttp://dtl.ncdpi.wikispaces.net/file/view/dlmi+reporting+tool+one+pager+9-1+1pm.pdf

40 41

SECTION 4: FinanceSECTION 4: Finance

North Carolina General Fund Appropriations (2017-18)

Public Schools 9,046,403,622 38.9%

Community Colleges 1,121,815,001 4.8%

UNC System 2,893,775,349 12.4%

Health & Human Services 5,253,299,542 22.6%

HHS: Division of Child Development & Early Education 268,428,501 1.2%

Justice & Public Safety 2,701,955,002 11.6%

General Government 405,374,812 1.7%

Natural & Economic Resources 587,553,659 2.5%

Information Technology 51,500,581 0.2%

Reserves, Capital Improvements, Debt Services 914,092,325 3.9%

Total $23,244,198,394 100%

40 Source: North Carolina General Assembly 2017 Appropriations Act

57 % of North Carolina General Fund Appropriations support public education.Source: North Carolina General Assembly 2017 Appropriations Act

Public SchoolsCommunity CollegesUNC System Health & Human Services

General GovernmentNatural & Economic ResourcesInformation TechnologyReserves, CapitalImprovements, Debt Services

Justice & Public Safety

5% of the Health and Human Services budget ($268M) is invested in Child Development & Early Education.

38.9%

4.8%12.4%

22.6%

11.6%

1.7%2.5%0.2%

3.9%

Source: NIEER 2016 State of Pre School Report

Total Spending per Child Enrolled in State Pre-K Programs (2016)

Source: NIEER 2016 State of Pre School Report

State Spending per Child Enrolled in NC Pre-K,Inflation Adjusted to 2016 Dollars

* Pre-K programs may receive additional funds from federal or local sources that are not included in this figure. To learn more, check out the NC Early Childhood Foundation Cost of NC Pre-K Fact Sheet.

State Federal and Local*

North Carolina National Average

$10,000

$8,000

$6,000

$4,000

$2,000

$0

$5,301 $4,976

$2,554

$720

2009 20112010 2012 2013 20152014 20162007 20080

$1,000

$2,000

$4,000

$5,000

$3,000

$6,000

$7,000

https://ncleg.net/Sessions/2017/Bills/Senate/PDF/S257v8.pdfhttps://ncleg.net/Sessions/2017/Bills/Senate/PDF/S257v8.pdfhttp://nieer.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/05/North-Carolina_YB16.pdfhttp://nieer.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/05/North-Carolina_YB16.pdf

43


K-12 Education Finance in North CarolinaIn North Carolina and nationwide, public education is financed through federal, state, and local expenditures. Nearly two-thirds of total K-12 public education funding in North Carolina comes from the state through position, dollar, and category allotments (such as allotments for teachers, principals, teacher assistants, textbooks, classroom materials, and transportation).

Districts receive additional funding from the state based on student learning needs (such as for children with disabilities, English language learners, and economically disadvantaged students). The state also provides supplemental funding to low-wealth counties (68 across the state) and small counties (27).

Combining state funding allotments, a first grade student with no special learning needs would receive $5,861 in state education funding; an economically disadvantaged first grade student with limited English proficiency and special learning needs in a small, low-wealth county would receive $17,279 in state education funding.

Roughly 11% of K-12 public education funding in North Carolina comes from the Federal government. Federal funds mainly support child nutrition, students with disabilities, and students from low-income households.

Source: NC DPI 2017 Highlights of the Public School Budget

Distribution of Federal K-12 Funds (2017)Child NutritionTitle I

Vocational EducationOther

Individuals with Disabilities Act (IDEA)36%

32%

23%

8%1%

In addition to state and federal funds, local North Carolina counties provide additional funding to supplement state support for K-12 school operations; and provide funds to build, furnish, and maintain K-12 school buildings. Local dollars fund nearly 28,000 positions in K-12 public schools, including 7,315 service workers, 6,313 teachers, 1,937 teacher assistants, and 756 assistant principals across the state. Local funds for school operations range from $849 per pupil in Robeson County to $6,151 in Chapel-Hill/Carrboro City Schools. See p. 46 for capital expenditures information.

Source: NC DPI Annual Expenditure Report by LEA

Top-10 Local K-12 Operating Expenditures

$0 $800$400Transportation

Instruction for Children with Disabilities

Custodial Services

Technology Support

Child Nutrition

Payments to Other Government Units*

School Leadership

Building Maintenance

Public Utilities & Energy

Classroom Instruction

$78

$877

$310

$293

$243

$200

$110

$129

$106

$105

* Predominately transfers to charter schools.In Millions

These 10 categories constitute 72% of total local expenditures.


42

K-12 Education Finance (Continued)

http://www.dpi.state.nc.us/docs/fbs/resources/data/highlights/2017highlights.pdfhttp://www.dpi.state.nc.us/docs/fbs/resources/data/highlights/2017highlights.pdfhttp://apps.schools.nc.gov/ords/f?p=1:37:0::NO:::http://www.NCEdFacts.org

45


North Carolina K-12 Education Funding Compared to the National Average (Fiscal Year 2015)


Total Revenue Per Pupil $8,974 $13,246

State % $5,579 (62%) $6,238 (47%)

Federal % $1,085 (12%) $1,099 (8%)

Local % $2,310 (26%) $5,910 (45%)

Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 2017 Public Education Finances Report on Fiscal Year 2015

In 2015, total per pupil revenues ranged from $7,906 in Idaho to $24,116 in New York. The percentage of total revenue provided by the state (as opposed to local or federal sources) ranged from 30% in South Dakota to 90% in Vermont.

North Carolina ranked 38th in the country in per pupil spending and 10th for the percentage of education funding provided by the state in 2017.

35th 36th 37th31st 32nd 33rd 34th 39th

6th 7th 8th 9th 11th 12th 13th 14th

44

Source: NEA 2017 Rankings and Estimates

K-12 Public School Expenditure Distribution by Function (Fiscal Year 2015)

Source: North Carolina General Assembly Fiscal Research Division History of Budget Legislation, North Carolina Office of Budget and Management 2015-17 Certified Budget


In North Carolina, 57% of K-12 expenditures fund the salary and benefits of instructional personnel, compared to 54% nationally.Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 2017 report on FY 2015

State Revenue Sources for K-12 Public Education (2016-17)

Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 2017 report on FY 2015

Salaries &Wages

EmployeeBenefits

Salaries &Wages

EmployeeBenefits

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50% 43%38%

14% 15%17% 17%

6% 7%

19%23%

$0 $4,000Indian Game Funding

Dept. of Revenue Sales Tax Refund

Lottery: School Construction

Civil Penalties

Lottery: Operating

General Fund Appropriations

$8,000

$8,733

$372

$174

$100

$53

$6

In Millions

Instructional Personnel Support Service Personnel All OtherExpenditures

According to Article IX Section 2 of the North Carolina Constitution: The General Assembly shall provide by taxation and otherwise for a general and uniform system of free public schools, which shall be maintained at least nine months in every year, and wherein equal opportunities shall be provided for all students.


https://www.census.gov/content/dam/Census/library/publications/2017/econ/g15-aspef.pdfhttp://www.nea.org/assets/docs/2017_Rankings_and_Estimates_Report-FINAL-SECURED.pdfhttp://www.ncleg.net/fiscalresearch/budget_legislation/budget_legislation.htmlhttp://www.ncleg.net/fiscalresearch/budget_legislation/budget_legislation.htmlhttps://www.osbm.nc.gov/library/2015-17-certifiedhttps://www.osbm.nc.gov/library/2015-17-certifiedhttps://www.census.gov/content/dam/Census/library/publications/2017/econ/g15-aspef.pdfhttps://www.census.gov/content/dam/Census/library/publications/2017/econ/g15-aspef.pdfhttp://www.NCEdFacts.org

46 47

SECTION 4: Finance

Capital Expenditures for K-12 Public Schools by Source

Source: NC DPI School Planning Section

North Carolinas 115 local school districts report $8 billion in capital infrastructure needs over the next five years.

46


Local: 96%

Federal: 1%State: 3%

Distribution of North Carolina K-12 Public School Capital Expenditures by Source (2008 to 2017)


$1,600

2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

$1,400

$1,200

$1,000

$800

$600

$400

$200

$02016 2017

Local State Federal

Expe

nditu

res

in M

illio

nsSECTION 4: Finance

North Carolina Education LotteryThe North Carolina Education Lottery was created with the enactment of House Bill 1023 in 2005. By law, education-directed lottery revenues were intended to support NC Pre-K, reduce class size, provide financial aid for low-income students to attend college, and support the public school building capital fund.

This funding prescription was eliminated in 2013. Currently, the bulk of education-directed lottery revenues fund non-instructional supports such as clerical assistants, custodians, and substitute teachers.

North Carolina Education Lottery: Education-Directed Spending by Category

Source: North Carolina General Assembly Fiscal Research Division History ofBudget Legislation

$0 $4,000 $8,000

2009-2010

2010-2011

2011-2012

2013-2014

2012-2013

2014-2015

2015-2016

2016-2017

2017-2018

2018-2019

In Millions

Public School Building Capital Fund Needs-Based Public School Building Capital Fund

Classroom Teachers NC Pre-K

Digital Learning

Non-Instructional Support Teacher Assistants

LEA Transportation

Tuition Assistance for Low-Income Students

https://www.ncleg.net/documentsites/Committees/HouseAppropriationsCapital/2017%20Session/2017_03_28_Meeting/RevisedPublicSchoolFacilityNeedsPresentation03.27.17.pdfhttp://apps.schools.nc.gov/pls/apex/f?p=1:38:3446418723558401::NO:::http://apps.schools.nc.gov/pls/apex/f?p=1:38:3446418723558401::NO:::https://www.ncleg.net/fiscalresearch/Budget_Legislation/budget_legislation.htmlhttps://www.ncleg.net/fiscalresearch/Budget_Legislation/budget_legislation.html

48 49

SECTION 4: Finance

Per Pupil Expenditures for North Carolina K-12 Public Schools, Inflation Adjusted to 2017 Dollars

North Carolina is one of just six states nationally that provide at least 10% more per pupil funding to high poverty districts than low poverty districts.

48Source: Ed Build 2016 Resource Inequality Map


School District Quintiles by F&RM Eligibility


State Local Federal

State per Pupil Expenditures by Free & Reduced Meal Eligibility (2015-16)

Lowest F&RMEligibility

$0

$5,364

Highest F&RMEligibility

$2,000

$4,000

$6,000

$8,000$5,711 $5,932 $6,216

$6,645

2007 20112009 2013 2015 2017$0

$2,000

$8,000

$4,000

$10,000

$6,000

2003 20051999 2001

SECTION 4: Finance

North Carolina earned a C" for funding equity and an "F" for funding effort on the Education Law Center's national school funding report card in 2017.

49Source: Education Law Center 2017 School Funding Fairness Report

State-Funded K-12 per Pupil Spending by District (2016-17)


Average: $5,957


Total K-12 per Pupil Spending by District (2016-17)


Average: $9,172


$5,400

$6,500

$7,500

$11,500+

$8,000

$9,500

$11,500

$14,000+

http://viz.edbuild.org/maps/2016/cola/resource-inequality/http://apps.schools.nc.gov/ords/f?p=1:34:0::NO:::http://apps.schools.nc.gov/ords/f?p=1:34:0::NO:::http://www.edlawcenter.org/assets/files/pdfs/publications/National_Report_Card_2017.pdfhttp://www.NCEdFacts.orghttp://apps.schools.nc.gov/ords/f?p=1:34:0::NO:::http://www.NCEdFacts.orghttps://www2.ed.gov/datastory/chronicabsenteeism.htmlhttp://apps.schools.nc.gov/ords/f?p=1:34:0::NO:::

51

$8,690

SECTION 4: Finance

North Carolina Community College System (NCCCS):State Spending per Full-Time Student,Inflation Adjusted to 2015 Dollars

Source: NC General Assembly Fiscal Research Historical Education Expenditures, Fiscal Year 2006-07 to Fiscal Year 2014-15

UNC System: State Spending per Full-Time Student, Inflation Adjusted to 2015 Dollars

$6,000

2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

$5,500

$5,000

$4,500

$4,000

$3,500

$3,000

$2,500

$2,000

50

Source: NC General Assembly Fiscal Research Historical Education Expenditures, Fiscal Year 2006-07 to Fiscal Year 2014-15

$18,000

2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

$10,000$9,000$8,000

$11,000$12,000$13,000$14,000$15,000$16,000$17,000

SECTION 4: Finance

North Carolinas funding for public higher education ranks 9th nationally.

12th 13th 14th7th 8th 10th 11th 15th

Source: College Board Trends in Higher Education: Institutional Finances

Average tuition in North Carolinas public four-year universities is the8th lowest nationally.

12th 13th 14th7th 10th 11th 15th9th

Source: College Board Trends in College Pricing: Figures & Tables

Funding for Higher Education per Full Time Student (2015-16)


Average In-State Tuition and Fees at Public Four-Year Institutions (2017-18)

Source: College Board Trends in Higher Education: Institutional Finances


$7,120

$9,970

$7,380

https://www.ncleg.net/documentsites/Committees/HouseAppropriationsEducation/Historical%20Education%20Expenditures/Public%20Education%20Expenditures_2006-15_2016_02_16.pdfhttps://www.ncleg.net/documentsites/Committees/HouseAppropriationsEducation/Historical%20Education%20Expenditures/Public%20Education%20Expenditures_2006-15_2016_02_16.pdfhttps://www.ncleg.net/documentsites/Committees/HouseAppropriationsEducation/Historical%20Education%20Expenditures/Public%20Education%20Expenditures_2006-15_2016_02_16.pdfhttps://www.ncleg.net/documentsites/Committees/HouseAppropriationsEducation/Historical%20Education%20Expenditures/Public%20Education%20Expenditures_2006-15_2016_02_16.pdfhttps://trends.collegeboard.org/college-pricing/figures-tables/state-local-funding-student-1000-personal-income-state-2015-16https://trends.collegeboard.org/college-pricing/figures-tables/2017-18-state-tuition-and-fees-public-four-year-institutions-state-and-five-year-percentagehttps://trends.collegeboard.org/college-pricing/figures-tables/state-local-funding-student-1000-personal-income-state-2015-16

52 53

SECTION 4: Finance SECTION 4: Finance

FAFSA Completion Rates by District (2016-17)


Source: U.S. Dept. of Education Office of Federal Student Aid 2017-18 FAFSA Completion Rates

Free Application for Federal Student Aid (FAFSA)The Free Application for Federal Student Aid (FAFSA) must be filled out by anyone seeking federal aid to help fund their higher education expenses.

Source: U.S. Dept. of Education Office of Federal Student Aid 2017-18 FAFSA Completion Rates

91 out of 115 North Carolina public school districts have a FAFSA completion rate of at least 55%.

52

Source: Institute for College Access & Student Success Student Debt and the Class of 2016

In 2016, North Carolina graduates had the 8th lowest average student debt.

12th 13th 14th7th 10th 11th 15th9th

The General Assembly shall provide that the benefits of The University of North Carolina and other public institutions of higher education, as far as practicable, be extended to the people of the State free of expense. Article IX, Section 9, North Carolina Constitution

Average College Debt and Percentage of College Graduates with Debt (2016)

Source: Institute for College Access & Student Success Student Debt and the Class of 2016

Average Debt: Four-Year Public and Private Nonprofit Institution

Percentage with Debt

North Carolina National Median

$10,000

$5,000

$0

$15,000

$20,000

$25,000

$30,000

$35,000

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

$25,562

58%

$28,776

60%

60%35%

50% 70+%

https://studentaid.ed.gov/sa/about/data-center/student/application-volume/fafsa-completion-high-schoolhttps://ticas.org/sites/default/files/pub_files/classof2016.pdfhttps://ticas.org/sites/default/files/pub_files/classof2016.pdf

54 55

SECTION 5: AchievementSECTION 5: Achievement

Statewide Assessments for K-12 Students

Test State Federal

Kindergarten Entry Assessment

K-3 mClass Reading (Various Assessments)

3rd Grade Beginning-of-Grade Reading

3rd-8th Grade End-of-Grade Tests in Both Math and English, also in Science for 5th and 8th Grades

End-of-Course in Biology, Math I, and English II

ACT Testing Suite, Given in 8th, 10th, and11th Grades

North Carolina Final Exams, Given in Otherwise Untested Grades and Subjects

Career and Technical Education (CTE) Assessments in All CTE Courses

Subgroups of students, such as English Language Learners, Advanced Placement, and International Baccalaureate students participate in additional state and federal testing. In addition, local districts often require multiple additional assessments, such as interim or benchmark tests, that may provide educators in the district with additional information about student growth and achievement. A statistical sample of students in North Carolina and all states nationally also take the National Assessments for Educational Progress (NAEP) every two years.

Note: All assessments above are given to the majority of students in North Carolina.

Source: NC DPI Accountability Services Division

North Carolina has led the nation in accountability since the establishment of the ABCs of Public Education in 1995, administering end-of-grade and end-of-course assessments well before the federal testing mandates of No Child Left Behind in 2001.Source: NC DPI ABCs Accountability Model

Performance on North Carolina End-of-Grade (EOG) and End-of-Course (EOC) Exams Performance on North Carolina End-of-Grade (EOG) and End-of-Course (EOC) exams is broken out into five achievement levels.

Achievement Level

Command of Grade-Level

Knowledge and Skills

Indicates Grade-Level Proficiency

On Track for College and

Career Readiness

5 Superior Yes Yes

4 Solid Yes Yes

3* Sufficient Yes No

2 Partial No No

1 Limited No No


* Students performing at this level have a sufficient command of grade-level knowledge and skills, but may need academic support to engage successfully in the next grade level.

55

http://www.ncpublicschools.org/accountability/http://www.learnnc.org/reference/ABCs+accountability+modelhttp://www.ncpublicschools.org/accountability/

56 57


The Read to Achieve Program was established by the North Carolina General Assembly in 2012. The primary goal of the program is to ensure that every student is reading at or above grade level by the end of third grade.

Key components of the Read to Achieve Program include:

Kindergarten entry assessment within the first 30 days of school

Student progress monitoring via formative and diagnostic assessment tools in grades K-2

Beginning-of-grade reading assessment, ongoing formative and diagnostic assessments, and portfolios for struggling readers in third grade

State-provided summer school for students not proficient in reading by the end of 1st, 2nd, or 3rd grade

Various 3rd grade promotion and retention decisions based on student proficiency

North Carolina Read to Achieve

North Carolina Read to Achieve Program: 3rd Grade Literacy Results

Reading proficiency by the end of 3rd grade is the single greatest predictor of high school graduation and later success.

56Source: Annie E. Casey Foundation Early Warning! Why Reading by the End of Third Grade Matters

Source: NC DPI K-3 Literacy Accountability Measures

Demonstrated Proficiency on the Beginning or End-of-Grade-Reading Exam or RetestPassed an Alternative Assessment Approved by the State Board of Ed.

Exempt from Mandatory Retention in 3rd Grade for Good CauseRetained for Not Demonstrating Reading Proficiency on 3rd Grade Standards

Proficient After Attending Reading Camp

2013-14

100%

80%

60%

40%

20%

0%2014-13 2015-16 2016-17

13%8%2%

15%

60%

14%

10%4%

13%

59%

14%

11%3%

13%

58%

14%

11%3%

14%

58%

57Source: NC DPI Accountability Services Division

54 % of 3rd grade students in North Carolina public schools are not meeting rigorous state standards in reading.Source: NC DPI Accountability Services Division

North Carolina K-12 Students On Track for College and Career by Subject

2014-15 2015-16 2016-17

3rd-8th Grade Math

3rd-8th Grade Reading

5th & 8th Grade Science

Algebra I

High School English II

Biology

Nor

th C

arol

ina

End-

of-G

rade

and

End

-of-C

ours

e Ex

ams

0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%

44%

47%

48%

45%

46%

46%

59%

63%

63%

49%

50%

54%

50%

50%

50%

45%

47%

48%

http://www.aecf.org/resources/early-warning-why-reading-by-the-end-of-third-grade-matters/http://www.ncpublicschools.org/k-3literacy/achieve/http://www.ncpublicschools.org/accountability/reporting/http://www.ncpublicschools.org/accountability/reporting/

58 59


Exceeded Expectations Met Expectations Did Not Meet Expectations


School Performance Grades and Value-Added Growth Status (2016-17)

# of North Carolina K-12 Public Schools

A/A+NG

B

C

F

D

0 400 600 800 1,000 1,200200

97

288

227

52

1

74

344

511

218

37

2

73

290

193

57

Scho

ol P

erfo

rman

ce G

rade

Across North Carolina, school grades and proficiency rates are strongly correlated with household income. However, more than 300 schools statewide (13%) serve higher than average percentages of low-income students while attaining higher than average student achievement results.Source: NC DPI Accountability Services Division, NC DPI Free & Reduced Meal Application Data

School-Level Achievement Results by Free and Reduced Price Meal Eligibility Rate (2016-17)

Source: NC DPI Accountability Services Division, NC DPI Free & Reduced Meal Application Data

F&RM Eligibility Rate

100%

90%

80%

70%

60%

50%

40%

30%

20%

10%

0%0% 100%90%80%70%60%50%40%30%20%10%

EOC/

EOG

Exam

Col

lege

& C

aree

r Rea

dine

ss R

ate

80% School Achievement Score and 20% Value-Added Growth Score**

School grades are assigned on a 15-point scale:A = 85-100; B = 70-84; C = 55-69; D = 40-54; F = < 40

Source: EVAAS Statistical Models 2010 White Paper

* A+NG schools earn an A rating and have no significant achievement gaps between student groups.

** The value-added growth model designates a school as having exceeded, met, or not met student performance expectations. Schools meet performance expectations if students in the school maintain their relative academic standing compared to students across the state with similar performance on previous state tests.

School Grade Calculation

http://www.ncpublicschools.org/accountability/reporting/http://www.ncpublicschools.org/accountability/reporting/http://NC DPI Free & Reduced Meal Application Datahttp://www.ncpublicschools.org/accountability/reporting/http://www.ncpublicschools.org/fbs/resources/data/https://www.sas.com/content/dam/SAS/en_us/doc/whitepaper1/sas-evaas-k12-statistical-models-107411.pdf

60 61

At the current rate of progress, it will take more than 50 years for 80% of students to be on track for college and career in North Carolina public schools.

60

In the past five years, North Carolina EOG/EOC exam performance improved for all student groups. However, the achievement gap between White and Black students increased slightly, as did the achievement gap between White and American Indian students.

The achievement gap between White and Hispanic students held constant, while the achievement gap between non-economically disadvantaged and economically disadvantaged students decreased.


2012-13 2016-17



0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%

All Students 49%

American Indian 33%Asian 74%Black 30%

Hispanic 38%Two or More Races 49%

White 62%

Economically Disadvantaged Students 34%Non-Economically Disadvantaged Students 64%

Students with Disabilities 14%English Language Learners 16%

North Carolina End-of-Course/End-of-Grade (EOG/EOC) Composite: Percent of Students on Track for College and Career by Student Group

In 2014, the North Carolina General Assembly made the AP exam free of charge for any student enrolled in an AP course.

16%of North Carolina

public high school students took at least one AP exam in 2017

Source: NC DPI SAT Reports

Advanced Placement (AP) Exam Participationand Pass Rates in North Carolina Public Schools (2017)

2012-13

40,000

20,000

0

60,000

80,000

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

50,434

2013-14 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17

54% 54% 54%59%61%

56,98867,850

74,19670,073


Number of Exam Takers Pass Rate

AP Exam Participation and Pass Rates by Gender and Race/Ethnicity (2017)

20,000

10,000

0

30,000

50,000

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

Female

42,552

49%

40,000

Male

31,489

55%

AmericanIndian

369

30%

Asian

5,379

66%

Black8,834

26%

Hispanic

7,997

39%

White

45,650

56%

Two orMore Races

3,599

46%


Number of Exam Takers Pass Rate

http://www.ncpublicschools.org/accountability/reporting/http://www.ncpublicschools.org/accountability/reporting/http://www.ncpublicschools.org/accountability/reporting/sat/http://www.ncpublicschools.org/accountability/reporting/sat/http://www.ncpublicschools.org/accountability/reporting/sat/

62 63


National Assessment of Education Progress (NAEP)

62Source: The Nations Report Card 2015 Math and Reading Assessments

67 % of North Carolina 8th grade students did not meet proficiency standards on the 2015 NAEP math assessment.

All states participate in NAEP, making it the most comprehensive measure of K-12 student achievement, trends, and state rankings. For more detailed data visit www.nationsreportcard.gov/profiles/stateprofile and www.NCEdFacts.org.

Source: The Nations Report Card State Profiles

* Statistically significantly higher than the national public average.

% of Students At or Above Proficient

Grade Subject AreaNorth

Carolina

National Public

Average

Lowest Proficiency

Rate

Highest Proficiency

Rate

4th Reading 38%* 35% 23% (NM) 50% (MA)

4th Math 44%* 39% 26% (AL) 54% (MA)

4th Science 36% 37% 23% (MS) 51% (NH)

8th Reading 30% 33% 20% (MS) 46% (MA)

8th Math 33% 32% 17% (AL) 51% (MA)

8th Science 31% 33% 20% (AL) 50% (UT)

63Source: The Nations Report Card 2015 Math and Reading Assessments

62 % of North Carolina 4th grade students did not meet proficiency standards on the 2015 NAEP reading assessment. Source: The Nations Report Card State Profiles


NAEP 4th Grade Reading Proficiency by Race/Ethnicity (2015)

22% 19%

0%

20%

40%

80%


WhiteAmericanIndian

60% 53% 59%

18% 23% 21% 23%

46% 51%38%

47%

NAEP 4th Grade Reading Proficiency by Free and Reduced Price Meal Eligibility

National Public: Not EligibleNorth Carolina: Not Eligible

North Carolina: Eligible National Public: Eligible

Source: The Nations Report Card State Profiles

2005

80%

60%

40%

20%

0%2009 2011 201520132007

41% 41%50%46%

53%59%

14% 16% 19%17%22% 25%

https://www.nationsreportcard.gov/reading_math_2015/#reading/state/acl?grade=4http://www.nationsreportcard.gov/profiles/stateprofilehttp://www.NCEdFacts.org.https://www.nationsreportcard.gov/profiles/stateprofile?chort=1&sub=RED&sj=AL&sfj=NP&st=AP&year=2015R3https://www.nationsreportcard.gov/reading_math_2015/#reading/state/acl?grade=4https://www.nationsreportcard.gov/profiles/stateprofile?chort=1&sub=RED&sj=AL&sfj=NP&st=AP&year=2015R3https://www.nationsreportcard.gov/profiles/stateprofile?chort=1&sub=RED&sj=AL&sfj=NP&st=AP&year=2015R3

64 65


Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) The Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) is a triennial international survey of 15-year-old students assessing essential higher-order knowledge and skills in science, reading, and mathematics.

Worldwide, 73 countries and education systems participated in the survey, including all Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) nations, which are most directly comparable with the United States. North Carolina and Massachusetts were the only two states to participate in the study at a state level, and can therefore put student performance in an international context.

North Carolinas student performance closely mirrored the performance of the United States as a whole. Benchmarked against all 35 OECD countries, North Carolina ranks in the middle of the pack in science and reading, and near the bottom in math.

PISA OECD Country Rankings for Math (2015)

Source: PISA 2015 Excellence and Equity in Education Report

Japan Korea Switzerland Estonia Canada Netherlands Denmark Finland Slovenia Belgium Germany Poland Ireland Norway

Austria New Zealand Sweden Australia

North Carolina/U.S. Israel Greece Chile Turkey

Mexico

France United Kingdom Czech Republic Portugal Italy Iceland Spain Luxemborg Latvia Hungary

Slovak Republic

Above OECD Average

OECD Average

Below OECD Average

65Source: PISA 2015 Excellence and Equity in Education Report

PISA Results: Baseline Proficiency by Subject (2015)

North Carolina outperforms the U.S. and other OECD countries on measures of educational equity. In North Carolina, 9% of the variation in science performance can be explained by students socioeconomic status, compared to 11% in the U.S. and 13% in OECD countries as a whole.

Source: PISA 2015 Excellence and Equity in Education Report

Highest Performing OECD CountryOECD Average

Massachusetts*North Carolina National Average

0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%

Math

Science

Reading

* Massachusetts is the highest performing state nationally

29% of North Carolina students lack minimum baseline proficiency in math, compared to 17% in Massachusetts, and 11% in the highest performing OECD countries. Source: PISA 2015 Excellence and Equity in Education Report

https://www.oecd.org/education/pisa-2015-results-volume-i-9789264266490-en.htmhttps://www.oecd.org/education/pisa-2015-results-volume-i-9789264266490-en.htmhttps://www.oecd.org/education/pisa-2015-results-volume-i-9789264266490-en.htmhttps://www.oecd.org/education/pisa-2015-results-volume-i-9789264266490-en.htmhttps://www.oecd.org/education/pisa-2015-results-volume-i-9789264266490-en.htm

66 67



73 % of high school seniors with a CTE concentration earned at least a Silver Career Readiness Certificate on the ACT WorkKeys assessment, indicating readiness for at least two-thirds of surveyed jobs.

66


41% of North Carolina public school students scored below 17 on the ACT in 2016, the minimum entry score required for admission into UNC System institutions.

Source: ACT 2017 Condition of College and Career Readiness Report

American College Testing (ACT)The ACT and ACT WorkKeys assessments are used to measure college and career preparedness among high school students in North Carolina public schools. All high school juniors are required to take the ACT. All seniors with a Career and Technical Education (CTE) concentration also take the ACT WorkKeys career readiness assessment.

ACT Average Composite Score for States with 100% Participation (Graduating Class of 2017)

17.8

Neva

da151617

1918

202122

Missi

ssipp

i

South

Carol

ina

North

Carol

ina

Alaba

ma

Arka

nsas

Oklah

oma

Louis

iana

Tenn

esse

e

Kentu

cky

Monta

na

Misso

uri

Wyo

ming

Utah

Wisc

onsin

Color

ado

Minn

esota

18.6 18.719.1 19.2 19.4 19.4

19.5 19.820 20.2 20.3 20.3

20.4 20.520.8

21.5

67Source: ACT 2017 Condition of College and Career Readiness North Carolina Key Findings

47 % of North Carolina high school graduates met none of the four ACT college readiness benchmarks in 2017.

ACT-Tested High School Students Meeting College Readiness Benchmarks (Graduating Class of 2017)


Source: ACT State Profile Report North Carolina Graduating Class of 2017

North Carolina Median of 17 States with 100% Participation

Average ACT Composite Score by Race/Ethnicity (Graduating Class of 2017)

Source: ACT State Profile Report North Carolina Graduating Class of 2017


WhiteAmericanIndian

141516

19

17

22

20

18

23

21

16.7 17

22.4 22.2

16.617.5

18.1

20.9

1919.9

16.2

20.8

0%

All Four Subjects

Math

Reading

English

Science

10% 20% 30% 40% 70%

30%

60%50%

41%

36%

61%46%

47%

27%37%

18%27%

UNC system minimum admission score is 17.

The college readiness benchmark score is 21.25.

http://www.ncpublicschools.org/accountability/reporting/http://www.ncpublicschools.org/accountability/reporting/http://www.act.org/content/act/en/research/condition-of-college-and-career-readiness-2017.htmlhttps://www.act.org/content/dam/act/unsecured/documents/cccr2017/North-Carolina-CCCR-2017-Final.pdfhttps://www.act.org/content/dam/act/unsecured/documents/cccr2017/P_34_349999_S_S_N00_ACT-GCPR_North_Carolina.pdf

68 69


68 Source: NC DPI School Report Card Datasets

66 % of 2013 North Carolina public high school graduates enrolled in postsecondary education within 18 months of receiving a regular diploma, down from 68% in 2011.

Four-Year Cohort High School Graduation Rate

North Carolina Public Schools National Average

Source: NC DPI 4-Year Cohort Graduation Rate Report

Graduation Rate by Student Group (2017)

Source: NC DPI 4-Year Cohort Graduation Rate Report, National Center for Education Statistics Digest of Education Statistics

2008

80%

60%

40%

20%

0%2010 2011 201420122009

70%75%

100%

2013 2015 2016 2017

87%

0% 20%English Language Learners

Non-Economically Disadvantaged StudentsEconomically Disadvantaged Students

AsianAmerican Indian

All Students

40%

87%

60% 80% 100%

HispanicTwo or More Races

Black

White

Students with Disabilities

MaleFemale

84%90%

84%94%

84%91%

84%89%

82%90%

70%58%

High School Diploma IntegrityThe four-year cohort graduation rate in North Carolina public schools increased from 70% in 2007 to 87% in 2017. However, data comparing ACT scores, high school End-of-Course exam proficiency, and graduation rates suggest a question about diploma integrity particularly for underserved groups. The majority of economically disadvantaged students graduate without achieving college and career ready standards in math, English, and biology, and without meeting the minimum ACT score required for admission into UNC System universities.


High School Graduation Rates vs. Postsecondary Readiness (2017)

All Students

0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%

ACT Exam: Met UNC System MinimumEntry Requirement

51%End-of-Course Exams: Met College & Career

Readiness Benchmark

59%

Four-Year Cohort Graduation Rate 87%

Non-Economically Disadvantaged Students

Economically Disadvantaged Students

0% 50% 100%

End-of-Course Exams:Met College & CareerReadiness Benchmark

71%

ACT Exam: Met UNCSystem Minimum

Entry Requirement65%

Four-Year CohortGraduation Rate 90%

0% 50% 100%

End-of-Course Exams:Met Col

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