Best Practice for sampling on barges

Best Practice for sampling on barges

1Final Version: May 2019


2

Elaboration: Working Group „Sampling on barges“

Members: VCI Germany, CEFIC, EBU, ESO, MWV, Fuels Europe,

UTV e.V.

Editor: Kurt Ackermann BASF SE

with support of the companies SGS, Shell, Interterminal

Pictures: The following pictures are provided by the editor, the

companies: SGS, Shell, Interterminal, Honeywell, Biar and the code

of practice Nr. T026 from BG Chemie

Preamble / legal details


Table of contents:

1 Provisions for sampling according to ADN

2 Consequences of incorrect sampling

3 Basic principles for sampling

4 Pros and Cons of different sampling methods

5 Approaches

6 Responsibilities

7 Conclusions

8 Questionnaire for the selection of a sampling device / system

9 Documentation on board

10 Well-known problems and possible solutions

3

1. Provisions for sampling according to ADN

1.2.1 Connection for a sampling device:

Means a connection allowing the installation of a closed-type or partly closed-type

sampling device. The connection shall be fitted with a lockable mechanism resistant

to the internal pressure of the cargo tank. The connection shall be of a type approved

by the competent authority for the intended use

1.2.1 Closed-type sampling device:

Means a device penetrating through the boundary of the cargo tank or through the

piping for loading and unloading but constituting a part of a closed system designed

so that during sampling no gas or liquid may escape from the cargo tank. The device

shall be of a type approved by the competent authority for this purpose

4

1.2.1 Partly closed-type sampling device:

Means a device penetrating through the boundary of the cargo tank or through the

piping for loading and unloading such that during sampling only a small quantity of

gaseous or liquid cargo can escape into the open air. As long as the device is not

used it shall be closed completely. The device shall be of a type approved by the

competent authority for this purpose

1.2.1 Sampling opening:

Means an opening with a diameter of not more than 0.30 m.

When the list of substances on the vessel according to

1.16.1.2.5 contains substances for which protection against

explosion is required in column (17) of Table C of Chapter 3.2, it shall be fitted with a

flame arrester plate stack, capable of withstanding steady burning and so designed

that the opening period will be as short as possible and that the flame arrester plate

stack cannot remain open without external intervention. The flame arrester plate stack

shall be of a type approved by the competent authority for this purpose

5


7.2.4.1 Limitation of the quantities carried

7.2.4.1.1 The carriage of packages in the cargo area is prohibited. This prohibition

does not apply to:

– residual cargo, washing water, cargo residues and slops contained in not more

than six approved receptacles for residual products and receptacles for slops having

a maximum individual capacity of not more than 2 m³. These receptacles for residual

products shall meet the requirements of international regulations applicable to the

substance concerned. The receptacles for residual products and the receptacles for

slops shall be properly secured in the cargo area and comply with the provisions of

9.3.2.26.4 or 9.3.3.26.4 concerning them;

– to cargo samples, up to a maximum of 30, of substances accepted for carriage in

the tank vessel, where the maximum contents are 500 ml per receptacle.

Receptacles shall meet the packing requirements referred to in Part 4 of ADR and

shall be placed on board, at a specific point in the cargo area, such that under normal

conditions of carriage they cannot break or be punctured and their contents cannot

spill in the hold space. Fragile receptacles shall be suitably padded.6


7.2.4.1.2 On board oil separator vessel receptacles with a maximum capacity of 2.00

m3 oily and greasy wastes resulting from the operation of vessels may be placed in

the cargo area provided that these receptacles are properly secured.

7.2.4.1.3 On board supply vessels or other vessels delivering products for the

operation of vessels, packages of dangerous goods and non-dangerous goods may

be carried in the cargo area up to a gross quantity of 5,000 kg provided that this

possibility is mentioned in the certificate of approval. The packages shall be properly

secured and shall be protected against heat, sun and bad weather.

7.2.4.1.4 On board supply vessels or other vessels delivering products for the

operation of vessels, the number of cargo samples referred to in 7.2.4.1.1 may be

increased from 30 to a maximum of 500.

7


7.2.4.16.11

The connection closure referred to in 9.3.1.21.1 (g), 9.3.2.21.1 (g) or 9.3.3.21.1 (g)

can be opened only after a gastight connection has been made to the closed or partly

closed sampling device.

7.2.4.22.2

Opening of sampling outlets is only permitted for sampling and

control or cleaning of empty cargo tanks.

7.2.4.22.3

Sampling shall be permitted only if a device prescribed in column (13) of Table C of

Chapter 3.2 or a device ensuring a higher level of safety is used.

Opening of sampling outlets and ullage openings of cargo tanks loaded with

substances for which marking with one or two blue cones or one or two blue lights is

prescribed in column (19) of Table C of Chapter 3.2 shall be permitted only when

loading has been interrupted for not less than 10 minutes

8


7.2.4.22.4

The sampling receptacles including all accessories such as ropes, etc., shall consist

of electrostatically conductive material and shall, during sampling, be electrically

connected to the vessel´s hull

7.2.4.22.5

Opening of the housing of the flame arresters is permitted only for the cleaning of the

flame arrester plate stack or replacement by flame arrester plate stacks of the same

design.

Opening is permitted only when the relevant cargo tanks are empty and the

concentration of flammable gases in the cargo tank is less than 10 % of the lower

explosive limit of the cargo/previous cargo.

The results of the measurements shall be recorded in writing.

Cleaning and replacing of the flame arrestor plate stack shall be carried out only by

trained and qualified personnel. 9


9.3.2(3).21.1

Cargo tanks shall be provided with the following equipment

(g) A connection for a closed-type or partly closed-type sampling device, and/or at

least one sampling opening as required in column (13) of Table C of Chapter 3.2;

If the list of substances on the vessel according to 1.16.1.2.5 is going to include

substances that require explosion protection in accordance with column (17) of Table

C of Chapter 3.2, then the flame arrester plate stack capable of withstanding steady

burning of the sampling opening shall be selected according to the explosion

groups/subgroups of the substances foreseen for inclusion in the list of substances on

the vessel (see column (16) of Table C of Chapter 3.2).

9.3.3.21.9

A flame arrester plate stack in sampling openings is not required on board of open

type N tank vessels

10


SAMPLE OFFSPEC - Reasons

❑ Adequate purging of the partly closed-type

or closed-type sampling device with adequate

product is not possible.

❑ The quantity of purging liquids is far too

small to purge the entire system.

❑ New cargo, worst-case the cargo tank, is

contaminated via the return pipe.

❑ Contamination and/or material of the sample

bottle.

Prior to renewed sampling, it is crucial to

purge the sampling device with the cargo to

be sampled.

2. Consequences of incorrect sampling

11

SAMPLE OFFSPEC – Actions

❑ Re-sample using closed or semi closed system

❑ Flush sampling line with sufficient liquid

❑ Obtain consecutive samples and mark accordingly

❑ Analyze each sample taken and report

❑ Off-spec due to sampling system if off-spec concentration is reduced over the

consecutive samples

Lower Middle Upper

12

Water ρ=1g/ml Product ρ<1g/ml

2. Consequences of incorrect sampling

13

3. Basic principles for sampling

OBJECTIVE OF SAMPLING

❑ Establish the specific cargo properties

❑ Confirm compliance with specifications

❑ Investigate subsequent claims against the carrier for

admixture or contamination

❑ Reliable samples to avoid give-away on final blends

❑ Avoid off-spec situation on final blends

❑ Contractual reasons (e.g. reject a cargo, quantity

issues because of different density vs bill of loading density) Sampling for class 3 not allowed -

no flame arrester is installed

14

PRINCIPLES

❑ With the use of an uncleaned sampling device, it is not possible to obtain a representative

sample

❑ After sampling it is essential to clean the sampling device and the

connection points with appropriate solvent, etc.

❑ It is also essential after sampling to clean or blow the sampling line with air, etc.

❑ It is necessary to flush the cleaned sampling device and the sampling line with enough cargo

which has to be sampled

❑ It is an advantage to flush this liquid in the cargo tank; if not, in a slop tank or in a can.

❑ It is important to use clean sample bottles every time


TYPES OF SAMPLING

❑ Manifold sampling

❑ First foot sampling

❑ Sampling of loaded vessel tanks

- Running sample

- Ship’s composite sample

- Bottom sample

- Level sample (upper, middle , lower)

❑ Discharge Ails (Automatic In-Line sampler)

15


Pros:

❑ All kinds of samples available

❑ Representative samples

❑ Free water detection possible

Cons:

❑ Emission

OPEN SAMPLING

4. Pros and Cons of different sampling methods

16

Example for a open sampling system

SEMI CLOSED SAMPLING

Pros:

❑ Easy sample handling

❑ Minimal product loss by flushing

Cons:

❑ Easily blocked with solidifying products

❑ No representative samples, only spot

samples, point of suction

❑ Slight emission

❑ Cleaning is not possible

17


Example for a semi closed sampling system

CLOSED SAMPLING

Pro:

❑ Minimum emission/fully closed

❑ Safe sample handling

❑ No emission

Con:

❑ Difficult to clean

❑ Easily blocked with solidifying

products

18


Example for a closed sampling system

Sampling with deepwell-pumps

19

CLOSED SAMPLING

Pros:

❑ Minimum emission/fully closed

❑ Safe sample handling

❑ No emission

Cons:

❑ Difficult to clean

❑ Easily blocked with solidifying

products

❑ No representative samples, only spot

samples, point of suction



Pros:

❑ Minimum emission

❑ All kinds of samples available

❑ Representative samples

❑ Free water detection possible

❑ All kinds of samplers can be used

❑ Can be used for quantity measurement

as well

Cons:

❑ Cleaning samplers necessarily, can be

difficult

❑ The weight of the equipment (>25 kg)

CLOSED SAMPLING

20


Sampling with Vapourlock


CLOSED SAMPLING

21


Minimum emission: only when

transferring the product from

sampler to bottle.


CLOSED SAMPLING

❑ All kinds of (representative) samples available

❑ Running samples

❑ Spot samples

❑ Absolute bottom samples

❑ Free water detection possible using the

sampler tubes or MMC / UTI systems

❑ Measurement systems can be connected to

same connection

❑ Vapourlock must be installed at reference

point (calibration needed)

22




1 Connection for sampling device

2 Pump

3 Sample bottle

4 Active carbon filter

5 Sampling device

6 Return pipe

7 Tank with dome

8 Bottom sample pipe

9 Middle sample pipe

10 Top sample pipe

11 Shutoff valves

Connection for a closed sampling device on the cargo tank

5. Approaches

23

Red: portable

Black: fixed

24

Sample lines with different

depths in the cargo tank

Example for a portable

sampling device

5. Approaches

Piping and Connection for a closed sampling device on the cargo tank

6. Responsibilities

25

Safety

➢ Personal protective equipment All

➢ Compliance with the ADN-regulations All

➢ Compliance with local special provisions All

Assessment if correct sampling is possible All

(correct equipment in use, cleanliness of devices, etc.)

Flushing of devices and sampling lines All (Assessment)

Barge operator (to do)

Cleaning of equipment after sampling Barge Operator

Surveyor (by use of

Vapourlock system)

Drying of equipment after sampling Barge Operator

Surveyor (by use of

Vapourlock system)

Sample bottles Normally, the land

facility or the surveyor is

responsible to deliever

the sample bottles

7. Conclusions

26

❑ Cleaning after sampling and flushing before sampling are the basic requirements

for obtaining a representive sample

❑ Draining of pipes and sample lines is indispensable

❑ Stagnant zones in the sampling system and the sampling lines must be avoided

❑ Installation on board should be discussed with the manufacturers to find weak

points

❑ Training for the operators on board is necessary to have success

❑ The collaboration of all employees who are involved in sampling on board is

important

27

Refeed of non-representative

sampling amounts - principle

Sampling in pipes

7. Conclusions

8. Questionnaire for procuring a sampling device

28

1: Selection criteria of sampling devices:

❑ Piping horizontal or vertical

❑ Manual control

❑ Dead man´s control

❑ Piping in bypass

❑ No stagnant zone

❑ Heated

❑ Max. pressure

❑ Max. temperature

❑ Ventilation

❑ Flushing

❑ Liquified gases (Vapour pressure)

❑ Filter

❑ Ex-protection

❑ Exhaustion

❑ Grounding

2: Optional possibilities:

❑ Pressure controller with manometer

❑ Flowmeter

❑ Needle flushing

❑ Shipping lock

❑ Permanent System flushing before

Sampling

3: Heating / Cooling of the sampling

cylinder

❑ Heating / cooling liquid

❑ Temperature

4: Use of quick connection possible

❑ Which manufacturer

❑ Max. pressure during coupling

❑ Max. pressure during uncoupling

General Question: Are all components of the system material-resistant to the substances?

Still to deliver: system description, operating instructions, dimension sheet

29

9. Documentation on board

Why do we need consistent documentation of the transported cargoes ?

❑ In case of off-spec sampling, documentation is required for analysis of error

Which documentation do we need ?

❑ List of carried cargoes in all cargo tanks

❑ Date and time of product changes

❑ Date and time of procedures (washing the tanks, efficient stripping, etc.)

❑ List of sampling procedures

❑ Date and time of sampling

❑ Product which was sampled

❑ Confirmation of cleaning the sampling device/system

❑ Cleaning liquid which was used

❑ Remarks

30

10. Well-known problems and possible solutions

Handling of purging water from the sampling device/system

❑ Purging liquid can be directed into the emptied cargo tanks or slop tanks

❑ Purging liquid from the sampling device/system can be added to the washwater of

the cargo tanks

❑ The land facility accepts the purging liquids, which were transferred into clean cans,

after case-by-case examination

❑ The allocated point of acceptance according to CDNI accepts the can with the

purging liquid

❑ Approval and correct labelling of the can is mandatory

❑ Surveyors could coordinate this task – therefore, ADR knowledge

Liquid for the purging of the sampling device/system

❑ The land facility can make available the liquid for purging

❑ A sufficient quantity of liquid for purging is on board

❑ Surveyors could bring the liquid for purging on board

Best Practice for sampling on barges

Documents

Transcript of Best Practice for sampling on barges