Berlin’s Air Quality Strategy : measures and expected effects

1

1Senate department of urban development

Unit IX D: air pollution and noise control, M. Lutz

Berlin’s Air Quality StrategyBerlin’s Air Quality Strategy: :

measures and expected effectsmeasures and expected effects

Martin LutzSenate Department for Urban Development, Berlin

Directorate IX, Environment Policy

brief recap: problems, origin, sources

expected benefit of a trend scenario

additional measures and their impact

1



0 50 100 150 200 250

Wien

Villach

Stockholm

Rotterdam

Riga

Rhein-/Ruhr Area

München

Milan

Mannheim

Madrid

Lyon-Agglomeration

London

Lissabon

Linz

Leipzig

Klagenfurt

Hamburg

Graz

Frankfurt

Dresden

Berlin

Barcelona

days above 50 µg/m3 PM10

2002

2001

Quelle: ICLEI 2004

Comparison of PM10-pollution in European citiesComparison of PM10-pollution in European cities

EU-limit value

1



Source analysisSource analysis Simplified schematic of the PM pollution Simplified schematic of the PM pollution

PM [µg/m³]

urban background

regional background

hemisspheric/natural background

Urban areas countryside

1015

20

30

25

35

40 Traffic, local sources

1



source attributionsource attribution Sectors contributing to Sectors contributing to total total PM10PM10 at a busy at a busy

traffic spot in Berlin traffic spot in Berlin........

Institut für Energie- und Umwelttechnik e.V.

other2%

Industry & power plants22%

agriculture4%

domestic heating & solvents

3%

Industry & power plants

3%

domestic heating & solvents

9%

other3%

road traffic non-exhaust

7%

traffic exhaust10%

traffic non-exhaust15%

road traffic exhaust11%

traffic exhaust9%

road traffic non-exhaust

1%

local traffic

regional background#urban background

#based on values recorded at the top of a radio tower 324m above ground

exhaust

non-exhaust

non-exhaust

exhaust

cars

HDV&LDV

1



1x1 km2

~30x30 km2

4x4 km2

Air pollution control planning in Berlin Air pollution control planning in Berlin multi-scale model calculations multi-scale model calculations

street canyon

1



• 450 km road sections in non-450 km road sections in non-attainmentattainment

• 190.000 affected residents190.000 affected residents

24h limit valueannual limit value

current current situation (base year 2002) situation (base year 2002) modelled modelled PM10PM10 in street canyons in street canyons

1



trend scenario 2010trend scenario 2010 predicted predicted PM10PM10 concentration in main road network concentration in main road network

• 200 km road sections in non-200 km road sections in non-attainmentattainment

• ca 81.000 affected residentsca 81.000 affected residents


1



stationary sources BAT and more ….

transport: cleanercleaner vehiclesvehicles and fuelsfuels

municipal car fleet (CRT retrofit & CNG) LEZLEZ (low emission zone)

less traffic through sustainable transport- and city planning (master plan transport, “StEP”), inter alia….

re-routing through traffic on tangential roadsre-routing through traffic on tangential roads extension of zones with parking feesextension of zones with parking fees

expected effect: ~ 10% traffic reduction in Berlin’s centreexpected effect: ~ 10% traffic reduction in Berlin’s centre Optimized traffic management at hot spots (Optimized traffic management at hot spots ( HEAVEN) HEAVEN)

linked with noise abatementlinked with noise abatement Speed limitsSpeed limits

big effect on noise and safetybig effect on noise and safety little effect on air qualitylittle effect on air quality

Air pollution control planning Air pollution control planning additional measures plannedadditional measures planned

stationary sources BAT and more ….

transport: cleanercleaner vehiclesvehicles and fuelsfuels

municipal car fleet (CRT retrofit & CNG) LEZLEZ (low emission zone)

less traffic through sustainable transport- and city planning (master plan transport, “StEP”), inter alia….

re-routing through traffic re-routing through traffic on tangential roadson tangential roads extensionextension of zones with of zones with parkingparking fees fees

expected effect: ~ 10% traffic reduction in Berlin’s centreexpected effect: ~ 10% traffic reduction in Berlin’s centre Optimized traffic management Optimized traffic management at hot spots (at hot spots ( HEAVEN) HEAVEN)

linked with noise abatementlinked with noise abatement Speed limitsSpeed limits

big effect on noise and road safetybig effect on noise and road safety little effect on air qualitylittle effect on air quality

1



-70,0%

-60,0%

-50,0%

-40,0%

-30,0%

-20,0%

-10,0%

0,0%

exp

ecte

d e

mis

sio

n r

edu

ctio

n in

% o

f th

e tr

end

sce

nar

io

NOx

exhaust-PM

total-PM

Options for LEZ: Options for LEZ: Emission reductionEmission reduction in relation to the trend scenario 2010 in relation to the trend scenario 2010

impact of transport planning („StEP“) and vehicle technology impact of transport planning („StEP“) and vehicle technology

all Diesel vehicles Euro III + particle filter(PF)

all vehicles Euro IV + PF

busses Euro V

implementation 2010

municipal fleet

big fleets of delivery services and logistic firms

1



Air Pollution Control Planning Air Pollution Control Planning Core measure: Core measure: low emision zonelow emision zone

traffic restriction for high emitting Diesel vehicles in the cenral city area stage I:

2008, minimum criteria EURO IIstage II:

2010, minimum criteria EURO III & particle filter

scrutiny in 2006, whether retrofit with particle trap could be required already in stage I

at last under preparation...national labelling scheme for clean vehicles Federal Government

tax incentives, in particular for clean (or retrofitted) vans and lorries Federal Government

1



exceedances of the PM10 24h-limit valueimpacts of various control scenarios

0

20000

40000

60000

80000

100000

120000

2002 Trend 2005

Trend 2010

LEZ 2010 (Euro III & PF)

LEZ 2010(EURO III + PF)

&"StEP"

LEZ 2010(EURO IV + PF)

&"StEP"

affe

cted

res

iden

ts

0

50

100

150

200

250

leng

ht o

f no

n-attain

men

t road

sectio

ns in

km

affected residents

length of street sections in non-compliance

Air Pollution Control PlanningAir Pollution Control Planning impact of various control scenarios impact of various control scenarios

1




low emission zone

LEZ & “StEP” scenario 2010LEZ & “StEP” scenario 2010 PM10PM10 reduction beyond the trend scenario 2010 reduction beyond the trend scenario 2010

low emission zone

1




LEZ & “StEP” scenario 2010LEZ & “StEP” scenario 2010 predicted predicted PM10PM10 concentration in main road network concentration in main road network

Beusselstr

remaining hot spots where local traffic management is an option

1



Results of scenario runsResults of scenario runs

Expected decrease of PM10 in Berlin

-10% -10% -10% -10%

-8% -10% -11% -15%

-4% -13% -24% -30%

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

2002 CLE 2010 LEZ 2010 LEZ StEP

2010

"MFR"

ann

ual

ave

rag

e P

M10

[µ

g/m

³]

local increment

urban increment

regional BG

-9% -11% -13% -14%

1



Air Pollution Control Planning Air Pollution Control Planning supplementary actionsupplementary action

OptimisedOptimised traffic management at hot spots traffic management at hot spots HEAVEN: HEAVEN: potential for improvement up to 20% potential for improvement up to 20%

(NOx) and 7% (PM10) by truck ban(NOx) and 7% (PM10) by truck ban limited scope for implementationlimited scope for implementation needs thorough investigation to avoid disbenefits needs thorough investigation to avoid disbenefits

elsewhereelsewhere

successive scrutiny of remaining hot spotssuccessive scrutiny of remaining hot spots

Speed limitsSpeed limits concept for imposing concept for imposing 30 km/h limits30 km/h limits on main roads on main roads

where where noise & road safety & air pollutionnoise & road safety & air pollution warrants warrants

1



Thank you !Thank you !

Berlin’s Air Quality Strategy : measures and expected effects

Documents

Transcript of Berlin’s Air Quality Strategy : measures and expected effects