BELLWORKBELLWORK Read “At the Movies” on pg, 386-387 Read “At the Movies” on pg, 386-387

and answer the following questions:and answer the following questions:

1.1. What was the first movie with sound?What was the first movie with sound?

2.2. How much did a movie cost?How much did a movie cost?

3.3. How did the movie theatres promote How did the movie theatres promote equality between all Americans?equality between all Americans?

4.4. Who was Rudolph Valentino? Who was Rudolph Valentino?

5.5. THINKER: Describe the type of scandals THINKER: Describe the type of scandals President Harding was involved with.President Harding was involved with.

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/1/1b/Valentinofuneral.jpg

THE JAZZ AGETHE JAZZ AGE The The Jazz AgeJazz Age

symbolizes symbolizes modernization in modernization in the 1920’s.the 1920’s.

MoviesMovies MusicMusic DanceDance FashionFashion LiteratureLiterature African AmericansAfrican Americans

1920’s Movies1920’s Movies In the early 1920’s, films were silent with In the early 1920’s, films were silent with

the exception of a piano playing live in the exception of a piano playing live in the theatre. the theatre.

Movies typically cost $0.05 - $0.10 Movies typically cost $0.05 - $0.10 Movies completely changed after Movies completely changed after The Jazz The Jazz

SingerSinger was produced in 1927 – this was produced in 1927 – this became the first movie with sound.became the first movie with sound.

These new films were called “talkies.” These new films were called “talkies.”

1920’s Movie Stars1920’s Movie Stars Charlie ChaplinCharlie Chaplin

Started career in silent Started career in silent filmsfilms

Became the most Became the most famous film star after famous film star after WWIWWI

Used comedy mixed Used comedy mixed with visual performance with visual performance like miming, slapstick & like miming, slapstick & dance.dance.

Successfully Successfully transitioned to talkies, transitioned to talkies, even though most even though most silent film actors failed silent film actors failed at this. at this.

1920’s Movie Stars1920’s Movie Stars Greta GarboGreta Garbo

One of the most One of the most popular stars of the popular stars of the silent/sound erasilent/sound era

Romantic life became Romantic life became the subject of the subject of gossip/tabloidsgossip/tabloids

When talkies became When talkies became popular, she had to popular, she had to take extensive voice take extensive voice lessons to decrease lessons to decrease her Swedish accenther Swedish accent

Appeared in 27 films Appeared in 27 films and received 4 Oscar and received 4 Oscar nominationsnominations

1920’s Movie Stars1920’s Movie Stars

Buster KeatonBuster Keaton Jobyna RalstonJobyna Ralston

LOST GENERATIONLOST GENERATION Group of disillusioned American authors who Group of disillusioned American authors who

lived in Paris in the 1920's and 1930'slived in Paris in the 1920's and 1930's Generation of young people in the United Generation of young people in the United

States shortly after World War IStates shortly after World War I Coined by Gertrude Stein, who said, “You are all Coined by Gertrude Stein, who said, “You are all

a Lost Generation” in a conversation to Ernest a Lost Generation” in a conversation to Ernest HemmingwayHemmingway

Characteristics of "Lost Generation" Authors:Characteristics of "Lost Generation" Authors: youthful idealism youthful idealism sought the meaning of life sought the meaning of life drank a lot drank a lot rejected modern American materialismrejected modern American materialism

Lost Generation AuthorsLost Generation Authors Ernest Ernest

HemmingwayHemmingway Gertrude Stein Gertrude Stein

Lost Generation AuthorsLost Generation Authors After WWI, many After WWI, many

Americans wanted to Americans wanted to forget about world forget about world problems and just problems and just have fun.have fun.

In F. Scott Fitzgerald’s In F. Scott Fitzgerald’s book, book, The Great The Great GatsbyGatsby, he creates an , he creates an illusion of unending illusion of unending prosperity that prosperity that resulted in empty, resulted in empty, morally bankrupt morally bankrupt lives.lives.

This is a key This is a key theme/idea of Lost theme/idea of Lost Generation literature! Generation literature!

F. Scott Fitzgerald F. Scott Fitzgerald

HARLEM RENAISSANCEHARLEM RENAISSANCE

Renaissance = Renaissance = RebirthRebirth

Started in Harlem, Started in Harlem, New York CityNew York City

Art, literature, and Art, literature, and music revolving music revolving around African around African Americans.Americans.

1920’s Music: Jazz1920’s Music: Jazz Began in New Orleans and Began in New Orleans and

moved north during the moved north during the Great Migration.Great Migration.

Started within African Started within African American cultureAmerican culture

Centered in NYC & Centered in NYC & ChicagoChicago

Often times, they did not Often times, they did not write the music down and write the music down and used unconventional used unconventional instruments: cowbells, instruments: cowbells, horns, rattles, gongs, horns, rattles, gongs, kitchen utensils, cymbals, kitchen utensils, cymbals, screams, etc. screams, etc.

Embodied the spirit of the Embodied the spirit of the “roaring 20’s” “roaring 20’s”

Joseph “King” Joseph “King” OliverOliver

1920’s Music: Jazz1920’s Music: Jazz Louis ArmstrongLouis Armstrong Influential Jazz Influential Jazz

singer and singer and trumpet playertrumpet player

Invented “scat” Invented “scat” singingsinging

Considered one Considered one of the best of the best musicians of all musicians of all time time

1920’s Music: Jazz1920’s Music: Jazz

Duke EllingtonDuke Ellington Influential jazz Influential jazz

singer/composesinger/composerr

Invented big Invented big bandband

1920’s Music: Blues1920’s Music: Blues Gertrude “Ma” Gertrude “Ma”

RaineyRainey The blues grew out of The blues grew out of

work songs and field work songs and field chants of enslaved chants of enslaved African AmericansAfrican Americans

Typically a sad or Typically a sad or somber messagesomber message

Centered in ChicagoCentered in Chicago Eventually evolved Eventually evolved

into rhythm & blues. into rhythm & blues. (You might know this (You might know this as R&B)as R&B)

1920’s Music: Blues1920’s Music: Blues

Bessie SmithBessie Smith Considered the Considered the

“empress of blues”“empress of blues” Later, she Later, she

transitioned into transitioned into jazzjazz

Major influence of Major influence of jazz and blues jazz and blues musiciansmusicians

How do you think white Americans How do you think white Americans responded to the growing popularity responded to the growing popularity of jazz?of jazz?

Harlem Renaissance ArtHarlem Renaissance Art

Characteristics:Characteristics:1.1. Racial prideRacial pride2.2. Challenging racism Challenging racism

and stereotypesand stereotypes3.3. Promotes Promotes

racial/social racial/social integrationintegration

4.4. Use of vibrant Use of vibrant colorscolors

5.5. Goal was to Goal was to “uplift” the race“uplift” the race

Harlem Harlem Renaissance Renaissance

ArtArt

Aaron Aaron DouglasDouglas

““Building Building more Stately more Stately Mansions”Mansions”

Harlem Harlem Renaissance Renaissance

ArtArt William William

JohnsonJohnson ““Art Class”Art Class”

Harlem Renaissance ArtHarlem Renaissance Art

Harlem Renaissance Poetry Harlem Renaissance Poetry

Themes of Harlem Themes of Harlem Renaissance poetry Renaissance poetry mirrored those of the mirrored those of the artwork at the time.artwork at the time.

Highlighted racial Highlighted racial tensions in Americatensions in America

Called for racial prideCalled for racial pride Langston Hughes was Langston Hughes was

the most famous the most famous Harlem Renaissance Harlem Renaissance poet, artist, and poet, artist, and writerwriter

Langston Hughes Poem: Langston Hughes Poem: I, TooI, Too(1925)(1925)

I, too, sing America. I, too, sing America.

I am the darker brother.I am the darker brother.They send me to eat in the kitchenThey send me to eat in the kitchenWhen company comes,When company comes,But I laugh, and eat well, and grow strong. But I laugh, and eat well, and grow strong.

Tomorrow, I'll be at the tableTomorrow, I'll be at the tableWhen company comes.When company comes.Nobody'll dare say to me,Nobody'll dare say to me,"Eat in the kitchen,“ Then. "Eat in the kitchen,“ Then.

Besides, They'll see how beautiful I amBesides, They'll see how beautiful I amAnd be ashamed – And be ashamed –

I, too, am America. I, too, am America.

Langston Hughes Poem: Langston Hughes Poem: The The White Ones; White Ones; (1932)(1932)

I do not hate you,I do not hate you,

For your faces are beautiful too.For your faces are beautiful too.

I do not hate you,I do not hate you,

Your faces are whirling lights of loveliness Your faces are whirling lights of loveliness and splendor, too.and splendor, too.

Yet why do you torture me,Yet why do you torture me,

O, white strong ones,O, white strong ones,

Why do you torture me?Why do you torture me?

RADIORADIO