BELLWORK Look at the map on page 131 and answer the following questions about Westward expansion:...
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BELLWORK • Look at the map on page 131 and answer the following questions about Westward expansion: 1. When was Tennessee settled? Iowa? 2. Where was a majority of the unsettled territory? 3. Why do YOU think Westward expansion was so appealing? In other words, why would people want to relocate to the Western U.S.? 4. Make a prediction What problems do you think settlers will encounter on their quest for Western land? 5. THINKER: Do you think population growth is a big problem in our society today? EXPLAIN! How can a growing population impact the a country? (EX: environment, jobs, economy, government, etc).
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Transcript of BELLWORK Look at the map on page 131 and answer the following questions about Westward expansion:...
BELLWORK• Look at the map on page 131 and answer the following
questions about Westward expansion:
1. When was Tennessee settled? Iowa?
2. Where was a majority of the unsettled territory?
3. Why do YOU think Westward expansion was so appealing? In other words, why would people want to relocate to the Western U.S.?
4. Make a prediction What problems do you think settlers will encounter on their quest for Western land?
5. THINKER: Do you think population growth is a big problem in our society today? EXPLAIN! How can a growing population impact the a country? (EX: environment, jobs, economy, government, etc).
America’s Growing Population• In 1780, 2.7 million people lived in the 13
states.
• By 1830, 12 million people lived in 24 states.
• Average American woman had five children.
• Half of America’s population was under 17.
• Many people felt that in order to achieve success within a huge population they would have to move West.
Migrating West of the Appalachians
1610 3,800
1620 4,100
1630 4,600
1650 50,400
1670 111,900
1690 210,400
1700 250,900
1720 466,200
1740 905,600
1750 1,170,800
1770 2,148,100
1780 2,780,400
1790 3,929,214
1800 5,308,483
1810 7,239,881
1820 9,638,453
1830 12,866,020
1840 17,069,453
1850 23,191,876
1860 31,443,321
1870 38,558,371
1880 50,189,209
1890 62,979,766
1900 76,212,168
1910 92,228,496
1920 106,021,537
1930 123,202,624
1940 132,164,569
1950 151,325,798
1960 179,323,175
1970 203,211,926
1980 226,545,805
1990 248,709,873
2000 281,421,906
2010 308,745,53
Population growth in
America by decade
Manifest Destiny• “From sea to shining
sea”
• Belief that the United States was destined to expand across the North American continent.
• Used to justify war with Mexico and taking over Native American land.
• http://thesocietypages.org/graphicsociology/2011/05/13/center-of-us-population-us-census-1790-2010/
The Louisiana Purchase• In 1803, President Jefferson sent James Monroe to
buy all of the Louisiana Territory from France for $15 million.
• This nearly doubled the size of the U.S.• Next, President Jefferson sent Meriwether Lewis
and William Clark to lead explorations of the new territory.
• Lewis and Clark traveled all the way to the Pacific Ocean, while creating the first completed map of the U.S.
• Their detailed reports and maps sparked the interest of Americans and caused thousands of families to move West.
Manifest Destiny• Florida: Ceded (given) to the United
States as a part of the Adams - Onis Treaty in 1819
• Oregon (1846)- Russia, France, Britain and the United States all had claims in the area.
• The U.S. negotiated with the countries and established the boundary at 42-north latitude.
Manifest Destiny• Texas - American settlers had come to
Texas and built plantations and farms.
1. Settlers asked Mexico for permission to establish their own independent state.
2. Mexicans refused
3. Texas declared herself independent
4. 1845 Texas was annexed by the United States and became the 28th state.
Manifest Destiny• Mexican Cession (1848) - Tensions between America and Mexico were high.
• Congress declared war and the US demolished the weaker Mexican army. (Mexican-American War)
• The treaty that ended the war gave the US California, Nevada, Arizona, and New Mexico
Manifest Destiny
• Gadsden Purchase (1853)– US purchased Southern Arizona and New Mexico to build a railroad to the West coast
Manifest Destiny - Discussion
• Do you think the Americans accomplished their goal of Manifest Destiny? Why or why not?
• Did the U.S. have the right to declare war on Mexico in order to obtain land?
• What purchase/gain of land do you think was the most valuable?
• As Americans move west, who’s land are they really taking over?
Conflict with Native Americans• Settlers’ views of land and resources
contradicted with Native American traditions. • Both groups felt they had fair claim to the
Western region and Great Plains because they held numerous resources.
• When the U.S. Government did not do anything to stop this conflict, Native Americans in Ohio formed a confederation to halt white settlement.
• Eventually, the Ohio Confederation lost their battle and were forced to give up much of their land.
The Shawnee and Cherokee Solutions• Shawnee Solution: urged the Shawnee to stop eating,
drinking, & fighting like the Whites.• Later, this became a political message of Native
American pride, power, and unity.• Cherokee Solution: Try to live in peace with the
Whites.•The Cherokee built roads, collected taxes, adopted
Christianity, and created their own legal code. • Both of these solutions attracted other N.A., but
eventually, white settlers took over and forced them onto reservations: federal lands set aside for their inhabitance.
Native American Removal• When President Jackson came to power
in 1824 he authorized the largest Native American removal in history.
• Trail of Tears: forcible relocation of Indians from the eastern U.S. to Oklahoma.
• On the way, 4,000 of the 15,000 Indians died of diseases and starvation.
Nation
Population east of the MI River before
removal treaty
Removal treaty(year
signed)
Years of major emigration
Total number
emigrated or forcibly removed
Deaths during removal
Choctaw 19,554 Dancing Rabbit Creek (1830)
1831–1836 12,5002,000–4,000+ (Cholera)
Creek 22,700 Cusseta (1832)
1834–1837 19,6003,500 (disease after removal)
Chickasaw 4,914 Pontotoc Creek (1832)
1837–1847 over 4,000 500–800
Cherokee21,500
New Echota (1835)
1836–1838 20,000 2,000–8,000
Seminole 5,000 Payne's Landing (1832)
1832–1842 2,833
CLOSURE• What was the Louisiana Purchase? Why was it beneficial to the U.S.?
• Who were Lewis and Clark?
• What was the U.S.-Mexican War?
• What was the Ohio Confederation?
• What was the difference between the Shawnee and Cherokee solutions?
Horrible Histories: The 19th Century
• We are going to read a chapter from the book “Horrible Histories”
• This is a cartoon-portrayal of Westward Expansion and Native American removal.
• There are 15 questions at the end that you will answer on your OWN SHEET OF PAPER!
HOMEWORK Make-up• If you were not in class today, you are going to read
about the court case Worcester v. Georgia.• This case was a turning point for Native Americans as
the Cherokee Tribe was kicked off their land by President Jackson.
• Read pages 136-139 and answer the questions:
1.Why do you think President Jackson favored Cherokee removal? Do you agree with this? Explain!
2.What was the outcome of the court case? Why did this change?
3.If the Cherokee had defended their land, what would they have risked?
