BELLWORK

List three things that created tension between the Allied powers and Japan.Who was Hideki Tojo?By 1941, which areas in Asia were under Japanese control?THINKER: With no allies left, why do you think Japan continued to fight?

BELLWORKThis week in history..Tuesday/Wednesday: Extra Credit assignment dueTuesday/Wednesday: Atomic bomb debateThursday: WWII short answer testThursday: WWII Jeopardy ReviewFriday: Study Guide dueFriday: All late work dueFriday: Unit 6 test: WWII Friday: Mid-quarter grades dueOne last Holocaust note..Allies start to liberate concentration camps in early 1945.For fear of persecution, Nazis began destroying evidence, records, campsNuremburg Trials: Nazi officials are tried for war crimes: against humanity and civilians.24 tried 12 executedWar in the PacificJapan forced soldiers from Korea, Thailand, Burma & India to fight for their army. By 1945, several countries were aiding US efforts in the Pacific: Canada, Australia, China, Philippines, New Zealand and the Netherlands (b/c of Dutch East Indies) Between 1942 and 1945, the Pacific War was fought in four main areas: China, Central Pacific, SE Asia & SW PacificSU declares war on Japan in August 1945, and fights mostly inland battles in China against JapanLed by General Douglas MacArthur

Japanese Offensive: 1941-1942Japan attacks American and British military bases across the Western Pacific.Rapid conquests of Hong Kong, Burma, New Guinea, IndiaStrong Japanese Navy sinks British aircraft carriersNavy used kamikazes, or suicide planes

Japanese battleships Yamashiro, Fuso and Haruna

Bombing of Darwin, Australia; 1942

Prince of Wales (left, front) and Repulse (left, behind) under Japanese air attack on 10 December 1941 by a Japanese destroyer

Australian POWs; Total captured 22,000

By mid-1942 it became difficult for Japanese to maintain control of vast empire.Codebreakers discovered several planned attacksAmerican forces began island hopping: a military strategy of attacking specific enemy-held islands.Battle of the Coral Sea: (5/4/1942) mutual bombing of naviesBattle of Midway: (6/4/1942) U.S. wins its first Pacific battle by fighting entirely from the air and destroying the Japanese navy.

War in the Pacific: Turning Points

US Aircraft Carrier, Lexington, under attack at the Battle of the Coral Sea

Battle of Guadalcanal: First Japanese-held territory conquered by the U.S.Battle of Leyte Gulf: Greatest naval battle in history; vital to stop oil production.Battle of Iwo Jima: Japan is outnumbered; clear victoryBattle of Okinawa: Last obstacle to an Allied invasion of the Japanese home islands.Began bombing campaign in Tokyo

Allied Offensives: 1943-1944U.S. Marines in Guadalcanal; 1942

Torpedoed Japanese destroyer; Battle of Leyte Gulf

General MacArthur at Leyte Gulf

Chinese ground forces

American ship, Bunker Hill, after being attacked by Kamikazes Battle of Okinawa

The Manhattan ProjectA 1941 top secret plan to develop the first atomic bomb.Combination of scientists and physicists Albert EinsteinRobert OppenheimerPresidential approvalFDRTruman

Atomic bomb test: Los Alamos, New Mexico July 1945

Trumans decisionTruman warned Japanese that if they didnt surrender, they could expect a rain of ruin from the air

The second was dropped on Nagasaki on August 9, 1945Enola Gay dropped the first atomic bomb on Hiroshima on August 6, 1945Hiroshima and Nagasaki

AftermathGround Temperature7000FForce Winds980mphEnergy Released20,000 tons of TNTBuildings Destroyed62,000Killed Immediately80,000 peopleDead by end of 1945140,000 peopleTotal Deaths220,000 people

Hiroshima

Nagasaki

Surrender Japan surrendered to General Douglas MacArthur on September 2, 1945

"Should We continue to fight, it would not only result in an ultimate collapse and obliteration of the Japanese nation, but also it would lead to the total extinction of human civilization." -Emperor Hirohito

Execution of Hideki TojoWar in the Pacific OutcomesAllied occupation of JapanRemoval of Japanese troops in China Territories are reclaimed: Taiwan, Korea (divided), Pacific IslandsMaintained by United NationsSU gets control of Sakhalin and Kuril IslandsEND OF WWII

DEBATEWas dropping the Atomic Bomb the right thing to do?You and your partner will be given various primary sources about the atomic bomb and its ethical/moral/strategic repercussions. One will read the pro arguments (FOR the A-bomb)One will read the con arguments (AGAINST the A-bomb)After reading, divide a paper into two columns. One side for pro arguments, and the other side for con arguments. Discuss your readings with your partner and fill in your chart.CLOSUREAfter evaluating both sides of the atomic bomb argument:Write a 3-5 sentence personal statement on your opinion of the Atomic bombs usage.Be sure to EXPLAIN your argument and back it up with evidence. After everyone is finished, we will discuss as a class.