BELLWORK1. What was the Columbian Exchange? Do you

think it was more of an advantage or disadvantage to the New World?

2. Which colony was Puritan? Which colony allowed freedom of religion?

3. Why was the Jamestown settlement important?

4. Why was the Mayflower Compact important?

5. THINKER: As you know, one reason people moved to the New World was for freedom of religion. In your opinion, do you think this was actually accomplished? Explain!

The English Colonies: Virginia vs. New England

• Although 13 new colonies were forming their own laws, Virginia and New England had distinctly different policies on religion and government.

• As class progresses, you will fill in the blanks on this comparative chart.

• Be ready to discuss!

Virginia • 1607 – English settlers established Virginia as first English colony.

• Church of England - Christian

• England needed money for the war with Spain and it had nearly exhausted all its natural resources.

• The London Company financed colonization of Virginia to profit from gold, tobacco, and the fur trade.

Beginnings in Virginia 1. Starvation:

• “Starving Time:” 1609 - forced starvation initiated by the Powhatan Confederacy to drive the English out of Virginia.

2. Bad relations with native populations: • Indian Massacre of 1622:

Powhatan killed English settlers and burned their houses and crops.

3. Labor shortages• Unpopular tobacco crops

Important People

• John Smith: Captain and explorer – established Jamestown settlement and was their first leader

Important People

• John Rolfe: first successful cultivation of tobacco

• Saved the colony from economic ruin

Colonial Life• Headright System: a person paid

passage from England to Jamestown and received 50 acres of land.

• Indentured Servants: received passage in exchange for a 3-7 year contract of labor.

• Royal Colony: After bankruptcy of the London Company, Virginia became directly ruled by the King.

New England • 1620 – Pilgrims from England settled in Plymouth Colony.

• 1630 – Puritans established Massachusetts Bay Colony

• The two eventually combined

• Puritans fled England to achieve freedom of religion

• Consists of Massachusetts, Connecticut, Rhode Island and New Hampshire.

Beginnings in New England

1. Families• Puritans traveled with their large families,

immediately creating a large colonial population.

2. Pilgrims befriended the Native Americans.

3. Mayflower Compact • set up majority rule and became the

foundation for New England’s government.

Important People

• William Bradford: governor of Plymouth Colony for more than 30 years

Important People

• John Winthrop: first governor of Massachusetts Bay colony (Make a good example for England!)

Colonial Life• Blue Laws: Forbade non-religious

activities on Sunday

• Pillory: a wooden frame with holes for head and hands – used for punishment

• Banishment: expulsion from the colony so that God would not hold other citizens responsible for the actions of a sinner

•Which colony would you have preferred to live

in? Explain why and give examples!!!

Salem Witch Trials• Series of hearings and court trials to

persecute people accused of witchcraft in colonial Massachusetts.

• Over 150 people were put on trial, and 19 were executed.

• The government used torture to force a confession out of the supposed “witch”

• Why is this religious persecution ironic? Think about the reason for settlement in New England!

The Trial of Anne Hutchinson• Anne Hutchinson was accused of being a

witch in March 1638.• For homework, you are going to read

about her trial and outcome.• As you read, answer the questions on the

back of your English colonies worksheet. • Pgs. 42-45• The remainder of class time will be spent

finishing your survivor compact. Once you are done, you may work on this reading.