Bellringer: Ionic Bonds 1.What is the daily learning target? 2.In an ionic bond, explain what...
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Bellringer: Ionic Bonds
1. What is the daily learning target?
2. In an ionic bond, explain what happens to the electrons?
3. In your own words, explain how to name an ionic bond.
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Homework Quiz
On a scrap sheet:
1. Write the Lewis Diagrams for Sodium (Na) and Chlorine (Cl)
2. Draw an arrow showing the transfer of the electron when the two elements bond
3. Write the chemical formula for the bond
4. Write the name for the bond
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PART II
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CovalentBonds
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LET’SFIRSTREVIEWIONICBONDING
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In an IONIC bond,electrons are lost or gained,resulting in the formation of IONS
in ionic compounds.
FK
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FK
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FK
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FK
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FK
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FK
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FK
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FK+ _
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FK+ _
The compound potassium fluorideconsists of potassium (K+) ions
and fluoride (F-) ions
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FK+ _
The ionic bond is the attractionbetween the positive K+ ion
and the negative F- ion
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Sowhatarecovalentbonds?
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In covalent bonding,atoms still want to achievea noble gas configuration(the octet rule).
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In covalent bonding,atoms still want to achievea noble gas configuration(the octet rule).
But rather than losing or gainingelectrons, a nonmetal willnow share one or more electrons withanother nonmetal.
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In covalent bonding,atoms still want to achievea noble gas configuration(the octet rule).
But rather than losing or gainingelectrons, a nonmetal willnow share one or more electrons withanother nonmetal.
The shared electron pairis called a bonding pair
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Cl2
Chlorineforms
acovalent
bondwithitself
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ClClHowwilltwochlorineatomsreact?
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ClClEach chlorine atom wants to gain one electron to achieve an octet
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ClClNeither atom will give up an electron –chlorine is highly electronegative.
What’s the solution – what can theydo to achieve an octet?
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ClCl
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Cl Cl
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Cl Cl
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Cl Cl
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Cl Cloctet
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Cl Cl
circle the electrons foreach atom that completestheir octets
octet
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Cl Cl
circle the electrons foreach atom that completestheir octets
The octet is achieved byeach atom sharing theelectron pair in the middle
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Cl Cl
circle the electrons foreach atom that completestheir octets
The octet is achieved byeach atom sharing theelectron pair in the middle
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Cl Cl
circle the electrons foreach atom that completestheir octets
This is the bonding pair
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Cl Cl
circle the electrons foreach atom that completestheir octets
It is a single bonding pair
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Cl Cl
circle the electrons foreach atom that completestheir octets
It is called a SINGLE BOND
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Cl Cl
circle the electrons foreach atom that completestheir octets
Single bonds are abbreviatedwith a dash
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Cl Cl
circle the electrons foreach atom that completestheir octets
This is the chlorine molecule,
Cl2
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O2
Oxygen is also one of the diatomic molecules
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How will two oxygen atoms bond?
OO
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OOEach atom has two unpaired electrons
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OO
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OO
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OO
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OO
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OO
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OO
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Oxygen atoms are highly electronegative.
So both atoms want to gain two electrons.
OO
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Oxygen atoms are highly electronegative.
So both atoms want to gain two electrons.
OO
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OO
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OO
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OO
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OO
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OOBoth electron pairs are shared.
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6 valence electronsplus 2 shared electrons
= full octet
OO
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6 valence electronsplus 2 shared electrons
= full octet
OO
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two bonding pairs,
OOmaking a double bond
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OO=For convenience, the double bond
can be shown as two dashes.
OO
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OO=This is the oxygen molecule,
O2
this is so
cool!!
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1. In a covalent bond,
A. Metals lose electrons and nonmetals gain electrons
B. The electrons are all lost to metals.
C. Nonmetals share electrons.
D. Metals steal all the electrons from nonmetals.
[Default][MC Any][MC All]
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2. In order to satisfy the octet rule, you must have how may electrons in the outer shell?
A. 8
B. 2
C. 72
D. 18[Default][MC Any][MC All]
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3. What kind of bond is formed when only two electrons are
shared (hint: Cl2)?
A. Double Bond
B. Triple Bond
C. James Bond
D. Single Bond[Default][MC Any][MC All]
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4. What kind of bond is formed, when you have two bonding pairs
of electrons (hint: O2)?A. Double Bond
B. Triple Bond
C. James Bond
D. Single Bond[Default][MC Any][MC All]
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5. In an ionic bond,
A. Electrons are shared by nonmetals.
B. Electrons are lost or gained, resulting in the formation of ions in ionic compounds.
C. Metals gain electrons from nonmetals.
D. Nonmetals lose electrons to metals.[Default][MC Any][MC All]
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olar MoleculesPOLAR MOLECULES
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Non-Polar