Bell work

What does the word classify or classification mean? Think about the

different ways humans classifythings. Can objects or ideas belong in

more than one group at the same time?

Record your responses on your bell work sheet, you start a new one.

Objective

• Standards: Life 1 – How do I use a classification key to identify an unknown organism?

• Objectives: For students to understand and recognize why classification is important and how to use different classification keys

Identify and Classify

• Each group will be given a bag of different objects your task is to classify the different objects.

• It is up to you how you classify them. You will have 3 mins to do this. Then we will share how and why we classified our objects.

• Think about while you are doing this task: How do we classify things in science, math, in your everyday life. Why is it important to classify things?

Classification and Dichotomous Keys

Classification

• Classification: the division of organisms into groups, or classes, based on specific characteristics.

• Scientists classify organisms to help make sense and order of the many kinds of living things in the world.

• Before the 1600’s scientists divided organisms into two groups: Plants and Animals.

Taxonomy

• Taxonomy: the science of describing, naming, and classifying organisms.

• Taxonomists use an 8-level system to classify living things based on shared characteristics.

• Did King Phillip Come Over For Grape Soda?

Branching Diagram

• Shows relationships among various biological species or other entities based upon similarities and differences in their physical or genetic characters.

Branching Diagram

Scientific Names

• Before Linnaeus simplified the naming of living things, they could have had a name that was 12 words long.

• Two-Part name: Felis domesticus (common house cat) 1st part of the name Felisis the genus name. The 2nd part domesticus is the specific name.

• Naming rules help scientists communicate clearly about living things.

Rules of Names

• All Genus names begin with a capital letter “Felis”

• All specific names begin with a lowercase letter “domesticus”

• Usually both words are underlined or italized.

• Scientific names are usually in Latin or Greek and contain info about the organism.

Bell Work9/18

• Felius leo is the scientific name of a lion. The 1st part of the scientific name is Felius, which is the _________ name. The 2nd part of the scientific name is leo, which is the _________ name.

• Answers:• 1st part genus name• 2nd part specific or species name.

Dichotomous Key

• An aid that is used to identify organisms and that consists of the answers to a series of questions.

• Using a D.K.: there are only two alternative responses for each statement. From each pair of statements, choose the statement that describes the organism or is directed to another statement, until the organism is identified.

Dichotomous Key

Bell Work

• Identify all the fish on the side board with their correct scientific names.

• Have out your dichotomous key from yesterday: One you created or one I gave you.

• Answers: 1. Fishus zigzaggus • 2. Fishus finnus • 3. Fishus stripus• 4. Fishus forkus• 5. Fishus tinyus• 6. Fishus spottus

Levels of Classification

• Every living thing is classified into 1 of 3 Domains: Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya

• Then sorted into kingdoms, phylum, class, order, family , genus, and then species.

The Domain Archaea (traditional Kingdom Archaebacteria)

• Archaea is one of the three major divisions (domains). • Once thought to be bacteria.• Single-celled organisms • One of two kinds of prokaryotes which • means they do not have a nucleus.• Most live in extreme environments like the hot

springs of Yellowstone because of their tough outer cell wall and protective enzymes.

• Archaea have been around at least 3 billion years and scientists believe they are very closely related to some of Earth’s earliest life forms.

The Domain Bacteria

• Bacteria prokaryotic (no nucleus). • Bacteria are single-celled.• Bacteria can be found everywhere…in soil, water,

and even on and inside the human body. For example, E coli is present in the human intestines where it produces vitamin K. Another kind of bacteria converts milk into yogurt.

• Some bacteria cause diseases (pneumonia) while others make chemicals that help fight disease.

The Domain Eukarya

The Kingdom Protista Members of the kingdom Protista commonly called protists, are single-celled or simple multicelluar organisms.

They are eukaryotic (have a nucleus).

Protista contains many kinds of organisms, including protozoans, algae (plant-like), slime/molds (animal-like), and euglenoids.

The Domain Eukarya, continued

The Kingdom Fungi

They are multicellular.

Fungi do not perform photosynthesis or eat food. Instead, fungi break down surrounding stuff with digestive juices and absorb the nutrients.

Molds and mushrooms are examples of the complex, multicelluar members of the kingdom Fungi.

The Domain Eukarya, continued

The Kingdom Plantae

Consists of complex multicellular organisms.

They are eukaryotic (have a nucleus).

They have cell walls.

They make food through photosynthesis.Trees, grass, and flowers are just some examples of plants in kingdom Plantae.

The Kingdom Animalia

The Domain Eukarya (continued)

The kingdom Animalia contains complex, multicellular organisms that don’t have cell walls.

Most able to move around and have specialized sense organs. However, an exception is the sponge, a simple animal that cannot move.

Examples include ants, beetles, lizards, fish, birds, apes, elephants, and more.

EXIT TICKET

• On a half sheet of paper:

• List the 4 kingdoms we talked about today