Bell WorkBell Work Explain the difference between the Explain the difference between the

Embargo Act of 1807 and the Non-Embargo Act of 1807 and the Non-Intercourse Act of 1809. Intercourse Act of 1809.

This Day in History:This Day in History:January 12, 1904- Henry Ford sets the land speed record by driving 91.37 mph on the January 12, 1904- Henry Ford sets the land speed record by driving 91.37 mph on the

frozen Lake St. Clair in Michigan.frozen Lake St. Clair in Michigan.January 12, 1919- Leaders of the Big Four nations meet for the first time in Paris to January 12, 1919- Leaders of the Big Four nations meet for the first time in Paris to

discuss the end of World War I. discuss the end of World War I. January 12, 1943- Soviet forces breach the year and a half long siege of Leningrad. January 12, 1943- Soviet forces breach the year and a half long siege of Leningrad. January 12, 1954- Secretary of State John Foster Dulles announces that the United January 12, 1954- Secretary of State John Foster Dulles announces that the United

States will protect its allies through the "deterrent of massive retaliatory power.” States will protect its allies through the "deterrent of massive retaliatory power.”

Causes of the War of Causes of the War of 18121812

The Second War for The Second War for IndependenceIndependence

Trouble on the SeasTrouble on the Seas Overseas trade was profitable but risky.Overseas trade was profitable but risky.

Barbary pirates, along the coast of Africa, would capture ships.Barbary pirates, along the coast of Africa, would capture ships. Attacks continued until the United States sent the USS Attacks continued until the United States sent the USS

ConstitutionConstitution and other warships to stop the pirates. and other warships to stop the pirates.

British and French tried to stop the United States from British and French tried to stop the United States from aiding the other while they were at war in 1803.aiding the other while they were at war in 1803.

British stopped American merchant ships to search for British stopped American merchant ships to search for British sailors who had run away from British navy.British sailors who had run away from British navy.

British sailors were forced to return and sometimes U.S. citizens British sailors were forced to return and sometimes U.S. citizens were taken by accident. were taken by accident.

British ship British ship LeopardLeopard stopped U.S. Navy ship stopped U.S. Navy ship Chesapeake Chesapeake and and took sailors by force (impressment). took sailors by force (impressment).

Trade LawsTrade LawsEmbargo Act

Embargo Act passed in 1807, banning trade with all foreign countries to punish Britain and France

Devastated American merchants, who lost much money without trade

Damaged Jefferson and strengthened Federalists

Had little effect on Britain and France

Non-Intercourse Act Congress replaced

unpopular Embargo Act with Non-Intercourse Act in 1809

Banned trade only with Britain, France, and their colonies

U.S. trade would resume with first side to stop violating American neutrality

Law was no more suc-cessful than Embargo Act

Western ConflictWestern Conflict

British and Native Americans clashed with American settlers over land in the West.

British agents armed Native Americans along western frontier.

TippecanoeTippecanoe Tecumseh, a Shawnee chief, founded village near Tecumseh, a Shawnee chief, founded village near

Tippecanoe and Wabash rivers in Indiana Territory. Tippecanoe and Wabash rivers in Indiana Territory. He wanted to unite the Native Americans to resist He wanted to unite the Native Americans to resist

settlers.settlers. Governor William Henry Harrison warned Tecumseh not Governor William Henry Harrison warned Tecumseh not

to resist power of the United States. to resist power of the United States. Harrison led army in attack on village in 1811.Harrison led army in attack on village in 1811.

Was worried that with British backing, Tecumseh Was worried that with British backing, Tecumseh could be a serious threat to U.S. power in the West.could be a serious threat to U.S. power in the West.

U.S. forces won U.S. forces won Battle of TippecanoeBattle of Tippecanoe, and Tecumseh , and Tecumseh fled to Canada.fled to Canada.

War HawksWar Hawks

Evidence of British support for Tecumseh inflamed Americans.

Some young members of Congress from the South and West, called War Hawks, demanded war against Britain.

They were angered by British trade restrictions and wanted to invade Canada for more land to settle.

Opposition to WarOpposition to War

New England Federalists opposed war.

British trade restrictions hurt New England’s economy.

Others argued that the United States was not ready to fight.

War DeclaredWar Declared Republican Republican James MadisonJames Madison was elected was elected

president in 1808.president in 1808. Felt growing pressure from War Hawks.Felt growing pressure from War Hawks.

Congress voted, and the War Hawks won.Congress voted, and the War Hawks won. Congress had declared war for the first time in Congress had declared war for the first time in

the nation’s history.the nation’s history.

Madison was reelected in 1812.Madison was reelected in 1812.

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Which of the challenges that the Which of the challenges that the United States faced in this period do United States faced in this period do you feel was the most serious? Write you feel was the most serious? Write a paragraph explaining your choice. a paragraph explaining your choice.