Bell Work

• Can you answer this riddle? Write your best guess in your notebook.

A young lady looked at a picture and said “this person’s mother was my mothers mother-in-law.” Who is in the picture?

Consider…

• Are people good or bad by nature?• You must choose one: good or bad• Have 1 example to support your

reasoning• Prepare to share

Other opinions…

• Thomas Hobbes

• John Locke

• Magna Carta

• Iroquois Confederacy

Hobbes thinks we’re Horrible

• Thomas Hobbes• State of Nature: People left

by themselves will destroy each other.

• Best form of Government: Absolute Monarchy

• Divine Right: Monarch is given power by God State of Nature:

how people will act with no government to tell them what to do

Locke thinks we’re Lovely

• John Locke• State of Nature: People will

support each other.

• Natural Rights: Pursue Life, Liberty and Property

• Best form of Government: Social Contract• People agree to give up a little

freedom to have their rights protected

• Government is given power by the people

Magna Carta

• King John

• Rebel Barons

• 2 key phrases:• "No freeman shall be taken, imprisoned,

deceased, outlawed, banished, or in any way destroyed, nor will We proceed against or prosecute him, except by the lawful judgment of his peers and by the law of the land.”

• "To no one will We sell, to no one will We deny or delay, right or justice."

Iroquois Confederacy

Bell Work

Please answer the following questions about the Iroquois confederacy

1. Why was it created?

2. What did it do?

3. What did we take from it, what didn’t we use?

Consider…

• What were 3 complaints colonists had about King George the turd… I mean the 3rd?

Declaration of Independence

• Listed Colonists’ problems with the King of England• Examples?

1. Taxation without representation

2. Not allowing a trial by jury

3. Putting soldiers in colonists’ homes

4. Blocking colony growth

1st Rulebook…

• The Articles of Confederation

Confederation =

states retain their

sovereignty (in other

words they are their

own nation) but work

together to deal with

certain issues.

Now…

• Please take out your “Articles of Confederation” reading

• Find 3 other students who read different sections of the Articles• #1 read – state independence, relationship between the

states• #2 read – representation in congress, preparing for war• #3 read – Powers of congress• #4 read – Canada, debts of congress, pledge and

conclusion

• Share the powers you found for State and Congress • You should have 12 STATE powers • 9 CONGRESSIONAL

Prepare to share your answers with the whole class

Bell Work

• Please show Mrs. V your T chart of State and Congressional powers so she can give you points.

The Articles of Confederation

Powers of the States Powers of Congress

Powers of the States Powers of Congress

1. Sovereignty over their own affairs2. Any power not given to Congress is

given to them3. Print money4. They can defend themselves and each

other against attack without permission from Congress

5. Their decisions will be respected by other states (Courts)

6. Decide how their government representatives are chosen

7. Each state has 1 vote in congress no matter their size

8. Choose their own militia officers9. Decide how they want to collect money

from citizens10.9 out of 13 states must agree before

Congress can make any decisions about money

11.States can decide if Canada or other colonies can enter the union

12.All states must agree to any changes to the articles

1. Make peace and War2. Receive and send ambassadors3. Decide value of coins/print money4. Make decisions on trade and

Indians but can’t infringe on a state’s right in that area

5. Can choose officers of army but can’t keep a standing army

6. Appoint a president for a 1 yr term7. Make decision about money with

the permission of 9/13 states but can’t force states to pay a tax

8. Will pay the debts 9. Must approve of changes to the

Articles

Bell Work: Please copy the powers given to States and

Congress under the Articles of Confederation into your “T” chart.

Question to Consider

1. What was the mindset of the states when they created the Articles of Confederation?

The Articles of Confederation

Strengths Weaknesses

?1. Congress could ask for money but

had no power to make the states pay – they often didn’t

2. 1 vote per state no matter the size3. No standing army to respond to

threats4. Each state had their own court no

central court system.5. Changes to the articles required

100% agreement6. Congress had no power to make

financial decisions on their own7. No real way for Congress to

regulate trade or make the states follow their decisions

8. No central leader9. No veto The Central Government is too

weak, the states too strong.

Shay’s Rebellion

• Massachusetts had high state debt• increased taxes and demanded debt

repayment from citizens• Poor economy = farmers couldn’t sell their

products• Their request for help was ignored

• Led 1,000+ men to overtake the Massachusetts arsenal

• Lasted several monthsNation fears a

2nd Revolution

Changing the Articles

• In your groups:• Choose 1 weakness of the Articles• Propose a change to eliminate this

weakness• Then answer the following

• Does this revision create a new set of problems?

• What would a natural rights philosopher (Locke) think of this provision?

• How would this provision be evaluated under the social contract theory of government?

Consider

1. List the objects and people you see in the cartoon

2. Identify any symbols you may see

3. Explain the message of the cartoon

4. Do you think this is an accurate picture of the Constitutional Convention?

NO Bell Work

• Agenda• Finish Constitutional Convention Activity• Call Mrs. V over when your group has

completed the sheet.

• REMEMBER: Parent Signature due TODAY.

Constitutional Convention 1787

The Delegates• 55 men from 12

states• 35 were lawyers• 12 owned slave

plantations• 2 were the

wealthiest men in the country

• It took 3.5 MONTHS

6 Big Questions

1. Do we keep the Articles or create something new?

2. If we have a single leader, how do we keep them from having too much power?

3. How do we divide power between national government and the states?

4. How do we divide power between the states?

5. Who will make the laws?

6. Who will vote?

Answering the 6

Big Question

s

What THEY did

A. Threw out the Articles wrote Constitution

B. Strong central government BUT…• Federalism = shared power with the

sates through Enumerated, Concurrent, and Reserved Powers

• 3 Branches with Checks and Balances

C. President• Commander in Chief BUT army can

only be standing for 2 years• Checks from other 2 branches

D. Congress• Connecticut (Great) Compromise

• Bicameral Legislature = 2 parts (House and Senate)

E. Women, children, and slaves count but can’t vote• 3/5 Compromise

F. Men with property can vote• Electoral college chooses president• Popular elections for state leaders

and House of representatives• State leaders appoint Senators

Consider….

• Choose one of these conflicts from our activity today:a) A single leader that won’t become a king.b) Representation for large and small states.c) Sharing power between national and state

governments.d) How women, slaves, and children fit into

the new government.

• Then in 1 paragraph:• Describe the conflict. • Describe how the delegates to the Convention

resolved this conflict through compromise.

Bell Work

Please copy the following vocab words and their definitions into your notes.

• Delegated Powers (aka Enumerated): The powers of National Government specifically written down in the Constitution in Articles I, II, and III.• Example: The power to declare war

• Concurrent Powers: Powers held by both the states and the national government.• Example: The power to make laws

• Reserved Powers: Powers held only by the states.• Example: State Sales Tax

Please finish

copying these down

into your notes.

What THEY did

A. Threw out the Articles wrote Constitution

B. Strong central government BUT…• Federalism = shared power with the

sates through Enumerated, Concurrent, and Reserved Powers

• 3 Branches with Checks and Balances

C. President• Commander in Chief BUT army can

only be standing for 2 years• Checks from other 2 branches

D. Congress• Connecticut (Great) Compromise

• Bicameral Legislature = 2 parts (House and Senate)

E. Women, children, and slaves count but can’t vote• 3/5 Compromise

F. Men with property can vote• Electoral college chooses president• Popular elections for state leaders

and House of representatives• State leaders appoint Senators

Checks and Balances

• Take out your copy of the Constitution• Highlight the Titles of Articles I, II, and III • Note that they contain the rules that

create our system of checks and balances

Today’s Agenda

• Head to the computer lab

• Go to: http://www.brainpop.com/socialstudies/usgovernmentandlaw/branchesofgovernment/

1. Watch the video• Answer 1-18 on the worksheet

2. Complete the Graphic Organizer• #19 on worksheet

3. Complete the Map

*Hand in when finished – must be completed by Wednesday.*

Constitutional Convention

How can we meet our need for a strong leader but not have a dictator?

A question

of Balance

Bell Work

1. List the objects and people you see in the cartoon

2. Identify any symbols you may see

3. Explain the message of the cartoon

Elections

What is an Electoral District?

How do they make Districts?

• Census• Every 10 years districts change

if the population has changed

Who are your Popularly Elected

Reps?1. Who is your state assembly

representative?

2. Who is your state senate representative?

3. Who are your two Senators?

4. Who is your Congressman?

State Representatives

National Representatives

How Do I Find This Stuff?

• Google It• “voting districts + WI”

• Google It• “Who are my representatives + WI

”

How do I get in on this voting action??

Electoral CollegeArticle II, Section I

• Features• Winner Take All System• 270 To Win

• There were several times in history where a candidate won the popular vote but not the electoral vote.

• 2000 Bush v. Gore• State Chart• Map

A state’s

number of

electors is =

# of reps in the

House

+

2 Senators

Lets see how it works…

• Fast forward to November• YOU get to choose the next president!• Check out their Party Platform• Choose the candidate that fits you• Record your vote on your secret ballot

and then pass it forward.

Will the electoral college results reflect the popular vote?????

Party Platforms

Candidate A• Would raise taxes on the

top 1% and cut taxes for the middle class

• Pro Choice

• Would keep regulations on business at the same level they are now

• Would say that protecting the environment is more important than company profits

• Wants to add jobs

• Lifetime politician

Candidate B• Would cut taxes for the top

1% but leave taxes the same for the middle class

• Pro Life

• Would decrease regulations on business

• Would say that increasing company profit is more important than protecting the environment

• Wants to add jobs

• Lifetime politician

Electoral College – 1st hr

State and EC Votes

PopularCandidate A

PopularCandidate B

ECCandidate A

EC Candidate B

California (55) 4 2 55 0

Texas (34) 4 1 34 0

Wisconsin (10) 3 2 10 0

North Dakota (3)

1 0 3 0

Alaska (3) 1 0 3 0

Totals (105) 13 5 105 0

2 4 0 55

11 7 50 55

Electoral College – 4th hr

State and EC Votes

PopularCandidate A

PopularCandidate B

ECCandidate A

EC Candidate B

California (55) 11 2 55 0

Texas (34) 8 1 34 0

Wisconsin (10) 2 1 10 0

North Dakota (3)

0 2 0 3

Alaska (3) 2 0 3 0

Totals (105) 23 6 102 3

6 7 0 55

18 11 47 58

Bell Work

• Please answer the following in 1 paragraph:• Is the Electoral College a useful way to control

the power of the people and stop them from electing a bad leader or is it unnecessary? Should we abolish or keep the electoral college? Why?

• Please hand in your answer to the Bell Work AND YOUR checks and balances packet

Electoral College – 6th hr

State and EC Votes

PopularCandidate A

PopularCandidate B

ECCandidate A

EC Candidate B

California (55) 7 3 55 0

Texas (34) 4 1 34 0

Wisconsin (10) 3 1 10 0

North Dakota (3)

1 0 3 0

Alaska (3) 1 0 3 0

Totals (105) 16 5 105 0

4 6 0 55

13 9 50 55

Changing the Constitution: 2 WaysFormal =

changing the words

• Look at Constitution, Article V• 2 steps – Propose,

Ratify

• Propose An Amendment - 2 Ways• Congress or the States can

propose.• Both Houses of Congress

must propose the amendment with 2/3 vote.

• Two-thirds of the State legislatures must call on Congress to hold a Constitutional Convention.

• 2. Ratify • Regardless of how it is

proposed, it must be ratified by the States.• ¾ of the State legislatures

must approve of the amendment

• ¾ of the states must approve the amendment at conventions.

How is this

different from

the Articles of

Confederation?

There are 27

amendments to the

Constitution. That means the actual

contents of the

document have changed

27 times in over 200

years!

Changing the Constitution: 2WaysFormal =

changing the words

• Look at Constitution, Article V• 2 steps – Propose,

Ratify

Informal = changing how we

think and act• Supreme Court

Interpretations• Rulings set

precedent

Happy Friday!Today’s Agenda

• Correct “Checks and Balances” Worksheet

• Correct Federalism Article Wksht

• Checks on Supreme Court• Executive

• Appoint/nominate justices

• Legislative• Impeach• Approve appointments

Please read the statements below and circle whether you Agree or Disagree.

I say: Statement The article says:

Agree/Disagree1. Corporal punishment should be legal

in all schools as a way to punish students.

Agree/Disagree2. Corporal Punishment is allowed in

most schools in the US.

Agree/Disagree3. If I get in trouble at North, I could

choose corporal punishment instead of detention.

Agree/Disagree4. If a child does something wrong, it is

OK for their parents to use corporal punishment.

Agree/Disagree5. It should be a power of the local

community to decide if they will allow corporal punishment in their school.

Corporal Punishment

Bell Work: please answer the following using your

article and notes from yesterday. HOLD ON TO IT!

1. Why is corporal punishment allowed in public schools?

2. This is an example of what type of change to the Constitution?

3. Should an amendment be made to the Constitution banning corporal punishment in schools?

4. What would need to happen for this to occur?

Was there good medicine for behavioral problems when you were a kid?

Consider

1. What concept from the constitution is cartoon dealing with?

National Power

• Supremacy Clause – Article VI• If a local law conflicts with a national

law, national law wins.

• Necessary and Proper Clause – Article I, section VIII• Congress can make all laws that are

necessary and proper in order to carry out their enumerated powers

Who has the

power?

The Early Years

Who has the power?Post civil war

• Industrialization and Globalization (1865–1945)• Industrialization: 

• 19th century: laissez-faire economic policy

• The Great Depression• Stronger regulatory

role in the early twentieth century.

Who has the power?Post Great Depression

• Cooperative Federalism (1945–1969)• State and national share

more and more

• New Federalism (1969–present)• National Government is too

powerful

Read the article and

answer:

1. Compare and Contrast

a) New Federalism

b) Dual Federalism

c) Cooperative Federalism

2. How do categorical grants allow the national government to tell states what to do?

3. How do block grants return power to the states?

4. Why is the legal drinking age 21?

5. Arguments over Federalism are really arguments over_______________.

6. Choose one of these other Federalism dilemmas:

• Abortion

• Marijuana use (medical or recreational)

• Doctor assisted suicide

• Gay Marriagea) Then Answer:

a) Which level of government should set the policy for this issue? Why are they the best level to deal with it?

b) If it were up to you, what policy would you create for this issue? Why would you handle this issue in this way?

Bell Work

• Directions: Write an answer to the following in your notebook and hold on to it:

• Should a voter care about a candidate’s race, religion, income or level of education when deciding who to vote for? • Why or why not?

Directions

• You will be assigned either argument A or argument B

• Read through the argument assigned to you and fill in your chart accordingly

A battle over principles

Federalists• Alexander Hamilton, James

Madison, John Jay – all published The Federalist Papers

• Property owners, landed rich merchants in Northern states

• Believed in elitism. Saw themselves and those of their class as most fit to govern

• Powerful central government. 2- house legislature, with one house (Senate) being more removed from the people, whom they generally distrusted.

Anti Federalists• Thomas Jefferson, Melancton

Smith

• Small farmers, shopkeepers, laborers

• Believed in the decency of the common man and in participatory democracy. Viewed elites as corrupt. Sought greater protection of individual rights

• Wanted stronger state government at he expense of the federal. Frequent elections, smaller districts, more direct democracy.

Bill of Rights

• The Deal is Done• Washington

suggests adding a list through the amendment process

• Constitution ratified in 1788

• BOR officially added to the constitution in 1791

Bell Work

• Make sure you have these written down:

• The First 10 Amendments• 1st = Freedom of speech, religion, and assembly• 2nd= right to keep a weapon• 3rd= troops can’t be kept in your home• 4th= proper searches and seizures• 5th= rights of an accused person• 6th= right to a speedy trial• 7th= right to a trial by jury• 8th= No cruel and unusual punishment• 9th= the constitution should not be used to take rights away from

the people (just because a right isn’t listed does NOT mean it doesn’t exist)

• 10th= any powers not given to the national government are given to the states

The first 10 minutes of class will be set aside for you to study (by yourself or with a partner)

Feel free to look through this PowerPoint for info you may have missed.

Did the Anti-Federalist vision

come true?• Is our government representation

matched up with the country as a whole?

Income

4753

Congress

AGI Above One MillionAGI Below One Million

4.78

95.22

US

AGI Above One MillionAGI Below One Million

How Do They Stack Up?

Age 50-59

Christian

Married

Female

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

USSenateHouse

How Do They Stack Up?

African American

Hispanic

Asian

Caucasian

0 20 40 60 80 100 120

USSenateHouse

Homework

• Study Up!

Constitutional Convention

How can we meet our need for a strong central government but make sure the states still

have power?A

question of

Federalism

What is an example of a State and a National Power?