Bell Ringer

What was the role of the Duma in the Russian government?

Name the territories acquired by the United States in 1898?

TOWARD THE MODERN CONSCIOUSNESS

13-4

A New Physics

A number of discoveries at the beginning of the 20th century changed the way people viewed the universe

• Reason, Science, and Progress important words to Europeans

Westerners believed that by applying known scientific laws, humans could attain a complete understanding of the physical world.

Prior Views of Science

Throughout most of the 19th Century, Westerners beliefs in science were based largely on the ideas of Isaac Newton The Universe viewed as a giant machine Matter thought to be composed of solid

material bodies called atoms

Marie Curie

Albert Einstein

German born scientist Provided a new theory of relativity

Stated that space and time are not absolute but are relative to the observer

In other words…Neither space nor time has an existence independent of human experience

Albert Einstein

The U.S. dropped 2 atomic bombs on Japan during WWII, which ended the war. Was it moral for America to end the war in that fashion?

- It saved thousands of allied soldiers lives

-It killed some innocent citizens

These two discoveries would lead to an understanding of the energies contained within atoms and the atomic age

Sigmund Freud

A doctor from Vienna

Proposed a series of theories that raised questions about the human mind

Major theories were published in 1900 in The Interpretation of Dreams

Psychoanalysis

According to Freud, human behavior was determined strongly by past experiences

He devised a method for probing into a patients memory called psychoanalysis

The importance of Freud’s thought was not felt until after War World I

Psychoanalysis, pioneered by Freud, developed into a major profession

Social Darwinism and Racism

Charles Darwin’s theories applied to society in a radical way by Nationalists and racism

Most popular Social Darwinist was Herbert Spencer He argued that only the “fit” advanced while

the stupid and lazy fall to the wayside

Social Darwinism and Racism Con’t

Anti-Semitism

Anti-Semitism- hostility toward and discrimination against Jews.

• Discrimination had gone on in Europe for centuries

However, in the 19th century European Jews were granted more legal equality

• This did not stop anti-Semitism, and many Jews fled Europe for the United States and Palestine

Zionism

Persecutions and pogroms (organized massacres) became

widespread

25,000 Jews moved to Palestine, which became home for a Jewish national movement

called Zionism

The Culture of Modernity

Claude Monet

• Important Impressionist• Painted pictures in which he

captured light, water, and sky

Vincent van Gogh

Famous post- impressionist artist

Maintained that artists should paint the way they feel

Pablo Picasso

One of the most important figures in modern art In his paintings he attempted to view human

form from many sides

Architecture

Frank Lloyd Wright

Music

Assignment

Standard Complete Ch. 13 Section Assessment 1-25

Honors Complete Ch. 13 Section Assessment 1-28,

32-34

Study for Ch. 13 Test Bring YOUR textbook on test day You may use Ch. 13 Assessment on Test!!!