BELL RINGER [3 Minutes]• Mark K/S/H/D for Body Systems

Vocabulary

• Write 1 sentence using an AWL Vocabulary Word (Differentiate, Impact, Evaluate, Criteria)

BELL RINGER [3 Minutes]

•Body Systems Matching

MYP Biology: Human Body Systems

Different cells work together in increasing levels of organization within the human body

There are more than 200 different types of cells in the human body

Early cells of the human embryo are called Stem Cells. They have the unique ability to become any type of human body cell through a process called Differentiation.

Different cells work together in increasing levels of organization within the human body

Groups of similar cells work together to form tissues. There are four types:

Different cells work together in increasing levels of organization within the human body

Epithelial tissue is made up protective sheets of tightly-packed cells. Examples include the skin, and membranes lining the stomach and lungs

Connective tissue supports and joins together other organs and tissues. Examples include tendons (muscle-bone joint), ligaments (bone-bone joint), bone, and cartilage.

Muscle tissue can contract (pull back) to produce movement

Nervous tissue sends and receives impulses (electrical signals) in response to stimuli (something in the surrounding environment)

• Different types of tissues working together make up units called organs.

• Two or more organs functioning together make up an organ system.

Different cells work together in increasing levels of organization within the human body

Major organ systems allow the human body to maintain homeostasis:

The Nervous SystemMajor Function:Processes information and controls the body’s response to its environment.

Organ / Tissue Function

Brain Controls the function of all other organs through generating muscle responses and secreting hormones

Spinal cord & peripheral

nerves

Transmits nerve signals from the brain to the rest of the body.

How does it help maintain homeostasis?

Signals from electrical impulses and hormones control the interrelated functions of all organ systems.

Controls response to the environment / senses

The Respiratory SystemMajor Function:Brings oxygen (O2)into the body and releases carbon dioxide (CO2)

Organ / Tissue Function

Nose Takes in and releases air

Trachea Windpipe; allows passage of air to lungs

LungsTransfers oxygen from inhaled air to the bloodstream; exhales carbon dioxide

How does it help maintain homeostasis?

Regulates stable oxygen and carbon dioxide levels in blood

Low oxygen and high carbon dioxide levels can both cause damage

The Circulatory SystemMajor Function:Circulates oxygen, nutrients, and wastes through the body through bloodstream.

Organ / Tissue Function

Heart Pumps blood through circulatory system

Arteries Vessels that carry blood AWAY from the heart

Veins Vessels that carry blood TO the heart

Capillaries Tiny vessels joining veins and arteries

How does it help maintain homeostasis?

Ensures all cells have a stable level of

oxygen, glucose, and other nutrients to

keep them alive and functioning

Heart rate is consistent

The Digestive SystemMajor Function:Breaks-down and absorbs nutrients, water, and salts from food

Organ / Tissue Function

Mouth Takes in and begins digestion of food

Esophagus Allows passage of food from mouth to stomach

Stomach Digests food with acids and enzymes

The Digestive System

Organ / Tissue Function

Small / Large Intestine

Absorbs nutrients and water from digested food and transfers to blood

PancreasProduces digestive enzymes and hormones that regulate digestion

LiverProduces bile and hormones that help with digestion; detoxifies blood

How does it help maintain homeostasis?

Ensures cells have access to the nutrients they need to function

Also digests / removes toxins from the blood

The Immune SystemMajor Function:Protects the body from pathogens (things that can make us sick, ex: bacteria, viruses)

Organ / Tissue Function

SkinBarrier and first line of defense against pathogens

Thymus Develops white blood cells

SpleenProduces antibodies (which target and mark pathogens for destruction)

How does it help maintain homeostasis?

Protects the body from infection, which disrupts homeostasis in different organ systems

The Excretory SystemMajor Function:Filters and removes wastes from the body

Organ / Tissue Function

Kidneys Filters waste and excess products of metabolism out of the blood

Bladder Collects and releases urine filtered from the kidneys

Large Intestine Reabsorbs water from waste to make solid feces

How does it help maintain homeostasis?

Removes solid and liquid waste from body

Returns extra water and nutrients back to the bloodstream

Examples of Human Homeostasis:

Thermoregulation• Brain regulates responses in skin,

muscles, and blood vessels to maintain stable internal body temperature

• 98.6°F in humans

• Shivering / sweating

Examples of Human Homeostasis:

Blood-Glucose Level• Pancreas and liver produce

hormones that maintain a constant level of glucose in the bloodstream

• Diabetes occurs when these hormones are unable to properly regulate blood sugar levels

Examples of Human Homeostasis:

Heart Rate / Breathing Rate• Constant resting heart rate (60-75 BPM) allows

consistent blood supply to major organs / cells

• Heart rate / breathing increases during exercise to provide more oxygen and nutrients to cells to process more energy