Bell Ringer

1. List five protestant churches2. Why would Christians have different ideas about

worship?3. In what ways can the world affect the church?

Unit IIIReligious Change

3.1

• Describe the proliferation of religious ideas, including the expansion of Islam, the competition between Protestants and Catholics throughout Europe, and the spread of Buddhism through East and Southeast Asia.

Protestant Reformation (Causes)

1. Changes in intellectual thought• Renaissance

2. Corruption in the church1. sale of indulgences

3. Need for money4. Desire for salvation

Question to Ponder

• What should the church use money for?

Changes in intellectual thought

• Christian humanism came from the Italian Renaissance• The major goal was to reform the

Catholic Church

Protestant Religions

• Lutheranism- Germany: Martin Luther• Calvinism- Switzerland: John Calvin• Presbyterianism- Scotland: John Knox• Anglican- England: Henry VIII

1) Founders/when 2) Dogma---core beliefs and values3) Customs/Holidays---that may differ

from other religions4) Membership---where, how many, who,

etc (modern day v. time period)

Babylonian Captivity

• a period of time in which the popes lived in Avignon, France, under the control of French kings

• Led to building of mass cathedrals in France• Notre Dame• Chartres

Question to ponder

• What might have caused the Church to move from Rome to France?

Great Schism

• In 1054 the Greek Orthodox Church and Roman Catholic Church split.

• a reaction to the Babylonian Captivity, occurred when rival popes, one at Avignon and one in Rome, each claimed to be the true pope

3.2

• Evaluate the impact of religious dissent on the development of European kingdoms during the sixteenth century, including the warfare between peasants and feudal lords in German principalities, the conflict between the nobility of the Holy Roman Empire and the Hapsburg emperors, the creation of the Church of England, and the dynastic and religious competition in France.

Reformation

• Renaissance Popes failed to meet spiritual needs of the people.

• Pope Julius II led armies against the enemies of Christ.• A need for money led to the sale of indulgences• release from all or part of the punishment for sin

Question to ponder

• Why do you think that the sale of indulgences was a problem?

Reform of Erasmus

1. wanted to spread the philosophy of Christ2. provide education in the works of Christianity3. criticize the abuses in the Church• “Erasmus laid the egg that Luther hatched.”• Wrote The Praise of Folly

Martin Luther

• Martin Luther was a monk and a professor at the University of Wittenberg, in Germany

• The Bible was the ultimate source of religious truth• October 31, 1517• sent a list of Ninety-five Theses to his church superiors,

especially the local bishop.

1) Compare and contrast one of the four religions on the wall with your own religion. What are the similarities as you see them and what are the differences? If you could take one thing from that religion and add it to your own, what would it be and why?

2) You are a secularist looking for a religion to join….choose one of the four religions to become a member of and defend why you chose that religion. You should also evaluate why you did not choose the other three as well….good luck.

The Church Reacts

• Pope Leo X said he was a drunken German who would come to his senses.

• It is faith alone, Luther said, and not good works, that justifies and brings salvation through Christ

• January 1521 Luther was excommunicated at the Diet (gathering) of Worms

Peasants revolt

• Over economic circumstances• The German Princes protected Luther from the

Catholic church so when the peasants revolted he refused to support them.

• The revolt was crushed due to a lack of support • 10,000 peasants killed

Hapsburgs

• Charles V (1500–1558) inherited Spain, and Spanish possessions in Italy, Sicily, and Sardinia, in addition to the lands mentioned above.

• In 1519, Charles was elected Holy Roman Emperor. • He believed that it was his duty to maintain the unity of

Christendom.

Church of England

• The English Reformation was rooted in politics, not religion

• King Henry VIII wanted to divorce his first wife, Catherine of Aragon, because she didn’t have a son

• He wanted to marry Anne Boleyn, because she was pregnant

Henry leaves the church

• 1533 Archbishop of Canterbury annulled his marriage• The Act of Supremacy of 1534 stated that Henry was

the supreme head on Earth of the Church of England

French Religious Wars 1562-98

• Between Catholics and French protestants (Huguenots)

• Saint Bartholomew’s Day Massacre 1572• Sparked a 15 year civil war• Paris, France• About 8,000 Huguenots were murdered

• Edict of Nantes• Allowed French protestants to worship freely

Bell Ringer

• On a half sheet a paper, blank sheet anything that you have learned in the last two days about the Reformation or new protestant religions. Especially mention any prior misconceptions you may have had. 8 minutes.

Counter Reformation

• Council of Trent• Gives the Catholic church clear reform and a new

direction • Bans the sale of indulgences• The Index of Forbidden Books (Bans protestant Bible)

written in vernacular

Bell Ringer

• Do the following:---QUIETLY• 1) Get notebook out and ready• 2) put feet flat on floor, sit up straight, and put hands

comfortably on your desk• 3) Close your eyes• 4) Think of a warm, relaxing place you would like to be

at right now

3.3

• Explain the role of Islam on the cultures of the Middle East, North Africa, and Asia, including its methods of expansion, its impact on religious diversity, and reactions to its expansion

Islam (Origins)

• The Muslim culture originated on the Arabian Peninsula • Pagans, organized in tribes under Sheiks

• Changed when Muhammad began to speak on religious reform in Mecca

• the Muslim Empire grew to be the largest and most populous empire of the time

Moors in Spain and France

• North African people who converted to Islam, known as Berbers converted to Islam

• The Berbers conquered (Spain and Portugal), during the eighth century, where they were known as Moors • Tried to invade France but failed• Controlled Spain for over 300 years

3.4

• Explain the role of Buddhism and its impact on the cultures throughout East and Southeast Asia, including Buddhism’s basic tenets, the impact of the local rulers on religious conversion, and the religion’s enduring traditions

Buddhism (origins)

• Siddhartha Guatama• Founded by Siddhartha Gautama• Born in Southern Nepal• Son of a ruling family• Lived a life of luxury

• Late 20’s became aware of sickness and suffering; vowed to end it

• Meditated and fasted until he almost died

4 Noble Truth’s

1. Ordinary life is full of suffering2. Suffering is caused by self satisfaction3. Way to end suffering is to see others as ourselves and

end selfish desires4. Follow the middle path (8 steps)

Eightfold Path

1. Right View. See with the world with wisdom and compassion.

2. Right Thought. Clear and kind thoughts build good, strong character.

3. Right Speech. Speak with kind and helpful words4. Right Conduct. Before we criticize others, we

should first see what we do ourselves.

Eightfold Path

5. Right Livelihood. This means choosing a job that does not hurt others.

6. Right Effort. A worthwhile life means doing our best at all times and having good will toward others.

7. Right Mindfulness. This means being aware of our thoughts, words, and deeds.

8. Right Concentration. Focus on one thought or object at a time.

Assignment

• 1) Choose one of the eightfold paths. • Using a 2 white sheets of paper….on one write/script the

eightfold path you are doing. • On the other sheet, draw or sketch an image of any kind

that you feel symbolizes or relates to the eightfold path you have chosen.

• PS---would like to hang these in the hall….quality.