Bell Quiz: Use pages 534-Bell Quiz: Use pages 534-541 and the Glossary541 and the Glossary

Define the following terms:Define the following terms:1. Appeasement.1. Appeasement.2. Nonaggression pact.2. Nonaggression pact.3. Blitzkrieg.3. Blitzkrieg.4 Isolationism. 4 Isolationism. 5. Hitler had 2600 total airplanes in the 5. Hitler had 2600 total airplanes in the

summer of 1940 and used 2000 of them summer of 1940 and used 2000 of them one night bombing London. What one night bombing London. What percentage of his air force did he use? percentage of his air force did he use?

AnswersAnswers1.1. Giving someone something they want in Giving someone something they want in

order to keep the peace.order to keep the peace.

2. An agreement between Germany and 2. An agreement between Germany and the Soviet Union to not go to war the Soviet Union to not go to war against each other.against each other.

3. “lightning war”: A sudden, massive 3. “lightning war”: A sudden, massive attack with air and ground power.attack with air and ground power.

4. Opposition to political and economic 4. Opposition to political and economic entanglements with other countries entanglements with other countries (avoidance/nonintervention).(avoidance/nonintervention).

5. 77%5. 77%

ObjectivesObjectives Explain Hitler’s motives and strategies Explain Hitler’s motives and strategies

for expansion and how Britain, France, for expansion and how Britain, France, the Soviet Union, and the U.S. the Soviet Union, and the U.S. responded. responded.

Compare and contrast the reactions of Compare and contrast the reactions of the allies to Nazi Germany with the the allies to Nazi Germany with the actions taken today against actions taken today against totalitarian governments.totalitarian governments.

Handout: Use pages 532-Handout: Use pages 532-541541

1)1) Put the following invasions or actions in Put the following invasions or actions in order by date: Ethiopia, Rhineland, order by date: Ethiopia, Rhineland, Netherlands/Belgium/Luxembourg, Netherlands/Belgium/Luxembourg, Poland, Sudetenland, German military Poland, Sudetenland, German military buildup, Austria, Britain, France, buildup, Austria, Britain, France, Germany exits League of Nations, Germany exits League of Nations, Czechoslovakia, Denmark/Norway, Baltic Czechoslovakia, Denmark/Norway, Baltic States.States.

2)2) What explanation, excuse, or reasoning What explanation, excuse, or reasoning was given for the action?was given for the action?

3)3) What action against Hitler was taken by What action against Hitler was taken by the allies after each invasion?the allies after each invasion?

AnswersAnswers1)1) Germany exits League of Nations.Germany exits League of Nations.

2)2) Invasion of Ethiopia by Italy.Invasion of Ethiopia by Italy.

3)3) German military buildup.German military buildup.

4)4) Invasion of Rhineland.Invasion of Rhineland.

5)5) Invasion of Austria.Invasion of Austria.

6)6) Invasion of Sudetenland.Invasion of Sudetenland.

7)7) Invasion of Czechoslovakia.Invasion of Czechoslovakia.

8)8) Invasion of Poland.Invasion of Poland.

9)9) Invasion of Baltic States by the Soviet Union.Invasion of Baltic States by the Soviet Union.

10)10) Invasion of Denmark and Norway.Invasion of Denmark and Norway.

11)11) Invasion of Netherland, Belgium, and Luxembourg.Invasion of Netherland, Belgium, and Luxembourg.

12)12) Invasion of France.Invasion of France.

13)13) Battle of Britain.Battle of Britain.

EuropeEurope

1933-19361933-1936

In 1933 Hitler pulled Germany out of the In 1933 Hitler pulled Germany out of the League of Nations.League of Nations. Why? Because he intends to Why? Because he intends to start a war!start a war!

In 1935 Mussolini invades and takes over In 1935 Mussolini invades and takes over Ethiopia. Ethiopia. Why? Oil fields and following same game Why? Oil fields and following same game plan as the Old Roman Empire.plan as the Old Roman Empire.

Also in 1935 Hitler massively builds his militaryAlso in 1935 Hitler massively builds his military.. In 1936 Hitler attacks and takes over the In 1936 Hitler attacks and takes over the

RhinelandRhineland, an area of land between France and , an area of land between France and Germany, with orders to retreat if the French Germany, with orders to retreat if the French retaliated. Hitler wanted to unite all German speaking retaliated. Hitler wanted to unite all German speaking people under 1 flag. The French didn’t want to people under 1 flag. The French didn’t want to involve themselves so Hitler concluded that if he involve themselves so Hitler concluded that if he attacked Eastern Europe the French would continue attacked Eastern Europe the French would continue to no get involved. He was right.to no get involved. He was right.

Invasion of AustriaInvasion of Austria Austria’s people favored Austria’s people favored

unification with Germany unification with Germany because the people are because the people are German.German.

On March 12th, 1938, German On March 12th, 1938, German troops marched into German troops marched into German speaking Austria unopposed. speaking Austria unopposed.

The next day Germany The next day Germany announced that the union with announced that the union with Austria was complete. Austria was complete.

The United States, the League The United States, the League of Nation, and rest of the world of Nation, and rest of the world did nothing to protest or stop did nothing to protest or stop Germany. Germany.

Invasion of Invasion of CzechoslovakiaCzechoslovakia

About 3 million German-speaking people lived in the About 3 million German-speaking people lived in the western border regions of Czechoslovakia (the western border regions of Czechoslovakia (the Sudetenland). Hitler wanted it to unite all German Sudetenland). Hitler wanted it to unite all German speaking people into 1 country speaking people into 1 country ANDAND to provide more to provide more living space for Germany.living space for Germany.

Hitler’s Excuse: Czech’s were abusing the Germans Hitler’s Excuse: Czech’s were abusing the Germans there.there.

Hitler promises Britain and France that the Sudetenland Hitler promises Britain and France that the Sudetenland is his “last territorial demand.” is his “last territorial demand.”

In an attempt to avoid war, France, Britain, and Germany In an attempt to avoid war, France, Britain, and Germany signed the Munich Pact on September 30, 1938. signed the Munich Pact on September 30, 1938.

The Munich Agreement/Pact: turned the Sudetenland The Munich Agreement/Pact: turned the Sudetenland over to Germany without a single shot being fired.over to Germany without a single shot being fired.

Invasion of CzechoslovakiaInvasion of Czechoslovakia

In Britain, Winston Churchill viewed the In Britain, Winston Churchill viewed the signing of the Munich Pact as an signing of the Munich Pact as an adoption of appeasement.adoption of appeasement.

Appeasement: Giving someone Appeasement: Giving someone something they want in order to keep something they want in order to keep the peace.the peace.

Churchill warned that Hitler would not Churchill warned that Hitler would not stop at the Sudetenland. stop at the Sudetenland.

On March 15, 1939, German troops On March 15, 1939, German troops invaded the rest of Czechoslovakia.invaded the rest of Czechoslovakia.

Invasion of PolandInvasion of Poland

The majority of Poland’s population was German The majority of Poland’s population was German speaking. speaking.

Hitler’s excuse: German Poles were being Hitler’s excuse: German Poles were being mistreated. mistreated.

August 23, 1939 Stalin and Hitler sign the August 23, 1939 Stalin and Hitler sign the Nonaggression Pact.Nonaggression Pact.– Germany and the Soviet Union commit to Germany and the Soviet Union commit to notnot

attack each other. attack each other. With the dangers of a two-front war eliminated With the dangers of a two-front war eliminated

German Invaded Poland.German Invaded Poland. The Soviet Union and Germany split Poland in The Soviet Union and Germany split Poland in

half. Germany takes the Western half and the half. Germany takes the Western half and the Soviets take the Eastern half.Soviets take the Eastern half.

Blitzkrieg in PolandBlitzkrieg in Poland September 1, 1939 Germany September 1, 1939 Germany

launched it Blitzkrieg in Poland.launched it Blitzkrieg in Poland. Blitzkrieg (lightning war): Used Blitzkrieg (lightning war): Used

advances in military advances in military technology, such as fast tanks technology, such as fast tanks and more powerful aircraft, to and more powerful aircraft, to secure the air and ground with secure the air and ground with the Air Force. The ground the Air Force. The ground troops come in afterwards to troops come in afterwards to secure the cities.secure the cities.

WAR DECLARED: September 3, WAR DECLARED: September 3, Britain and France declared war Britain and France declared war on Germany. on Germany.

Major fighting in Poland was Major fighting in Poland was over in 3 weeks. over in 3 weeks.

Invasion of the Baltic Invasion of the Baltic States States The Soviet Union also invaded Poland from The Soviet Union also invaded Poland from

the east, seizing what was left of Poland.the east, seizing what was left of Poland. After occupying eastern Poland, Stalin After occupying eastern Poland, Stalin

began annexing the Baltic States of Estonia, began annexing the Baltic States of Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania (The area taken away Latvia, and Lithuania (The area taken away from the Soviets in the Treaty of Versailles). from the Soviets in the Treaty of Versailles).

In late 1939, Stalin sent the Soviet army into In late 1939, Stalin sent the Soviet army into Finland.Finland.

After 3 months of fighting the Finns After 3 months of fighting the Finns surrendered. surrendered.

Other Major InvasionsOther Major Invasions

April 9, 1940, Hitler launched a surprise April 9, 1940, Hitler launched a surprise invasion of Denmark and Norway.invasion of Denmark and Norway.

Hitler planned to use these countries to Hitler planned to use these countries to build bases from which he could easily strike build bases from which he could easily strike Great Britain.Great Britain.

Hitler next invaded the Netherlands, Hitler next invaded the Netherlands, Belgium, and Luxembourg, all of which were Belgium, and Luxembourg, all of which were overrun and in German control by the end of overrun and in German control by the end of May, 1940. May, 1940.

The Fall of FranceThe Fall of France Only takes 6 weeks for Hitler to Only takes 6 weeks for Hitler to

conquer France.conquer France. Hitler attacks France by going through Hitler attacks France by going through

the Ardennes forest in Northern France the Ardennes forest in Northern France and attacking Paris from the North.and attacking Paris from the North.

The Italians attack France and Paris The Italians attack France and Paris from the southfrom the south

This German offensive in France This German offensive in France trapped almost 400,000 British and trapped almost 400,000 British and French soldiers along the beaches of French soldiers along the beaches of France. France.

The nearly 330,000 British, French, and The nearly 330,000 British, French, and Belgian troops were evacuated to Belgian troops were evacuated to Britain by boat. Britain by boat.

June 22, 1940 France surrendered.June 22, 1940 France surrendered. Germany occupied northern France, Germany occupied northern France,

setting up a Nazi-controlled setting up a Nazi-controlled government. government.

The Battle of BritainThe Battle of Britain Germany launched an air war on Germany launched an air war on

Britain in the summer of 1940.Britain in the summer of 1940. Luftwaffe (German air force) Luftwaffe (German air force)

began making bombing runs over began making bombing runs over Britain.Britain.

Every night for two months Every night for two months roughly 2,000 German planes roughly 2,000 German planes bombed London, and the rest of bombed London, and the rest of Britain. Britain.

Britain installed a new piece of Britain installed a new piece of technology (radar) on every British technology (radar) on every British air plane. Radar saved the British air plane. Radar saved the British from being defeated by Hitler.from being defeated by Hitler.

One night the RAF (British Air One night the RAF (British Air force) shot down 185 German force) shot down 185 German planes.planes.

Hitler eventually called off the Hitler eventually called off the invasion of Britain. invasion of Britain.

EXIT SLIPEXIT SLIP What position/policy/actions did the What position/policy/actions did the

allies take against Hitler prior to the allies take against Hitler prior to the invasion of Poland? invasion of Poland?

Does the current U.S. foreign policy Does the current U.S. foreign policy have anything to do with the lessons have anything to do with the lessons learned from WWII? Explain. learned from WWII? Explain.

Bell Quiz: Use what you Bell Quiz: Use what you learned from last time learned from last time and/or pages 532-541.and/or pages 532-541.11. . What excuse did Hitler continually give to What excuse did Hitler continually give to the League of Nations for explaining German the League of Nations for explaining German expansion?expansion?

2. How did the allies respond to Hitler’s 2. How did the allies respond to Hitler’s actions?actions?

3. Why did the U.S. try to stay neutral?3. Why did the U.S. try to stay neutral?

4. Does appeasement work? Explain yourself.4. Does appeasement work? Explain yourself.

5. Does the current U.S. foreign policy have 5. Does the current U.S. foreign policy have anything to do with the lessons learned from anything to do with the lessons learned from WWII? Explain.WWII? Explain.