Belgian Revolution
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Transcript of Belgian Revolution
What is it?
• A Revolution in the 1830s
• It led to the secession of the Southern provinces of the United Kingdom of the Netherlands and establishment of the independent Kingdom of Belguim
Revolutionary Leaders
• Maurice-Jean de Broglie – French nobleman, bishop of Ghent, STRONG hatred towards the house of Orange
• Prince William (King William II, later) – although it was against the family, he took the side of the Southern Provinces
Main Causes
• The treatment of the Southern Provinces
• Religious differences between Southern and the Northern Provinces
• Dutch’s domination over the political, economic, and social institutions
• Under-representation for the Southern Provinces
Roles in Revolution
• Elites – Prince William sided with the Southerners. Other royalty like his brother and father favored the Northerners
• Religions – The differences between the Southern and Northern religions were not great. Southern was ‘pure’ Catholic. Northern was mainly Catholic.
• Military – King William I used his military influence to try and regain power by force
Leaders’ Support & Popularity
• Prince William was popular in the Southern Provinces
• King William I was not popular anywhere. His people saw his rule as tyrannical
• Prince Fredrick was not very popular anywhere but the Northern Provinces benefited from him
Participation of People
• In late August, 1830 a riot broke out after a patriotic opera in honor of the birthday of King William I (he was disliked by the people)
• Dislike of each other and division of the citizens because of unfair taxes and under-representation
Promotion of Causes
• Maurice-Jean de Broglie created a law for the Southern Provinces that forbid Catholic bishops from following the government
• Talk about the riots that broke out after the Opera in August, 1830 promoted the causes of the Southern Provinces
Post-Revolution Leaders
• In Netherlands: Dutch royalty, William I
• In Belgium: The newly-formed government,
Power Shifts
• To start off, the Dutch King William I controls all power. Both in the military and politically
• Extremists take power in August 1830 after royalty tries to stop riots by force
• The power splits when the Southern Providences secede
• Dutch royalty tries to regain power over Belgium after the Ten Days Campaign (invasion of Belgium) in August 1831