Belal Nawab.ppt

8/2/2019 Belal Nawab.ppt

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MD BELAL

BRANCH-ECE

ROLL .NO-1054531011

COLLEGE - JETGI


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INTRODUCTION

SEWAGE- Sewage is the composition ofindustrial,domestic,agricultural wastes with95.5% of water, remain part of organic,inorganic materials and some extent ofmicrobial mass.

SECONDARY TREATMENT OFSEWAGE-

Secondary treatment is also calledbiological treatment or microbialdegradation. By this process 90% to 95% ofthe BOD and many pathogen are removedfrom sewage.


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AIM OF SECONDARY TREATMENTKill the pathogenic organism included in sewage.To prevent destruction of aquatic life.Increased photosynthetic rate in aquatic water bodies.


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Parameters of water treatment-

DO, BOD & COD DO- The oxygen which dissolve in water sample is called dissolve

oxygen. Depletions in dissolved oxygen can cause major shifts in thekinds of aquatic organisms found in water bodies. Fish,invertebrates, plants, and aerobic bacteria all require oxygen for

respiration.

BOD- The amount of oxygen required by aerobic biological means(microorganisms) to decompose the organic matter present in thewater sample, It is used as a measure of the degree of water

pollution and Also called biological oxygen demand.

COD- Chemical oxygen demand (COD) is used as a measure ofoxygen requirement of a sample that is susceptible to oxidation bystrong chemical oxidant (eg potassium permanganate) .


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PROCESS OF WATER TREATMENT

Pre&

Primary treatment

Secondary treatment Activated sludge process/Sludge digestion

Trickling filter

Oxidation ditch

Oxidation pond

Tertiary treatment


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SLUDGE DIGESTION (sludge treatment )

Sludge digestion is a biological process in which organic solids aredecomposed into stable substances. Digestion reduces the total mass ofsolids, destroys pathogens, and makes it easier to dewater or dry thesludge. Digested sludge is inoffensive, having the appearance andcharacteristics of a rich potting soil.


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TRICKLING FILTER Trickling filter is an attached growth process i.e. process in whichmicroorganisms responsible for treatment are attached to an inert packingmaterial. Packing material used in attached growth processes includerock, gravel, slag, sand, redwood, and a wide range of plastic and othersynthetic materials.


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OXIDATION DITCH.

The oxidation ditch (OD) is a sort of equipment used for a long-termaeration. It consists of a long channel of an elliptical or circular shape

equipped with an aeration equipment called a rotor for generating awater flow and stirring water in the channel to supply oxygen.


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Advantages

It can be easily maintained.

OD can be easily controlled by changing the rotation of the rotor andthe dipping depth.

It can perform nitrification and denitrification easily.

Disadvantages As the tank is large and the depth is small, it requires a large area.

It can be said the OD method is particularly suitable for a small scale

equipment.


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A pond that contains partially treatedwastewater which is then left to allow the growth ofalgae and bacteria which decompose the rest of thewaste. Oxidation Ponds are also known as stabilizationponds or lagoons. Within an oxidation pond

heterotrophic bacteria degrade organic matter in the

sewage which results in production of cellular material

and minerals. The production of these supports thegrowth of algae in the oxidation pond.

OXIDATION POND


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OXIDATION POND


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