FIVB 2007 Women’s Team Rankings

FIVB 2006 Women’s Team Rankings

FIVB 2008 Women’s Team Rankings

Rank Team Country No. Tourn. Points Earnings (US$)

1 Larissa-Juliana BRA 13 7,140 328,4002 Tian Jia-Wang CHN 15 6,920 300,6003 Xue-Zhang Xi CHN 15 5,870 218,8004 Walsh-May-Treanor USA 8 5,840 309,5005 Renata-Talita BRA 16 5,380 208,0006 Karantasiou-Arvaniti GRE 13 4,100 113,4007 Goller-Ludwig GER 12 3,860 121,5008 Branagh-Youngs USA 8 3,700 114,4009 Brink-Abeler-Jurich GER 14 3,580 102,60010 Maria Clara-Carol BRA 12 3,360 91,70011 Leila-Ana Paula BRA 10 3,320 96,20012 Adriana Behar-Shelda BRA 10 3,300 101,20013 Pohl-Rau GER 11 3,270 91,40014 Barnett-Cook AUS 8 3,220 103,40015 L.Wang-Zuo CHN 15 3,190 85,30016 Maaseide-Glesnes NOR 15 2,880 82,90017 Boss-Ross USA 7 2,780 106,10018 Esteves Ribalta-M. Crespo CUB 15 2,620 77,800

Hakedal-Torlen NOR 11 2,620 82,40020 Fernandez Grasset-Larrea Peraza CUB 13 2,500 67,600

Rank Team Country No. Tourn. Points Earnings (US$)

1 Juliana-Larissa BRA 13 7,060 367,2002 Tian Jia-Wang CHN 13 5,940 238,6003 Xue-Zhang Xi CHN 13 5,120 195,2004 Walsh-May-Treanor USA 8 4,700 201,4005 Renata-Talita BRA 14 4,480 156,1006 Ana Paula-Leila BRA 11 4,250 154,1007 Adriana Behar-Shelda BRA 10 4,220 136,6508 Hakedal-Torlen NOR 14 3,600 111,4009 Karadassiou-Arvaniti GRE 12 3,420 96,85010 M. Crespo-Esteves Ribalta CUB 12 3,000 82,60011 Brink-Abeler-Jurich GER 11 2,840 76,30012 Kadijk R.-Mooren NED 12 2,400 67,900 Kuhn-Schwer SUI 12 2,400 64,00014 Cook-Sanderson AUS 11 2,320 60,550 Fernandez Grasset-Larrea Peraza CUB 10 2,320 61,200 Pohl-Rau GER 8 2,320 68,80017 Schwaiger-Schwaiger AUT 14 2,120 65,70018 Nystrom-Nystrom FIN 13 2,060 55,15019 Ji-L.Wang CHN 11 1,918 56,80020 Maaseide-Glesnes NOR 15 1,870 53,200

Rank Team Country No. Tourn. Points Earnings (US$)

1 Ana Paula-Shelda BRA 10 4,600 141,8002 Talita-Renata BRA 10 4,480 142,8003 Branagh-Youngs USA 8 4,060 136,9004 Ross-Boss USA 9 3,560 99,1005 Xue-Zhang Xi CHN 8 3,460 127,6006 Tian Jia-Wang CHN 8 3,440 114,9007 Juliana-Larissa BRA 7 3,360 126,5008 Wacholder-Turner USA 9 3,120 93,6009 Pohl-Rau GER 9 2,940 87,90010 Karantasiou-Arvaniti GRE 8 2,780 80,60011 Walsh-May-Treanor USA 3 2,400 130,50012 Maria Clara-Carol BRA 9 2,330 61,00013 Barnett-Cook AUS 7 2,280 55,50014 Brink-Abeler-Jurich GER 8 2,220 56,70015 Fernandez Grasset-Larrea Peraza CUB 10 2,140 53,60016 M. Crespo-Esteves Ribalta CUB 10 2,120 53,10017 Claasen-Röder GER 10 2,110 51,50018 Van Breedam-Mouha BEL 9 2,080 51,40019 Antonelli-Leão BRA 5 2,000 57,80020 Candelas-Garcia MEX 11 1,930 47,800

* last updated on July 21, 2008

Beijing 2008 Olympic RankingsOlympic Ranking Team Country No. Tourn. Points

1 Walsh-May-Treanor USA 11 6,4402 Tian Jia-Wang CHN 23 5,5003 Juliana-Larissa BRA 20 5,2804 Xue-Zhang Xi CHN 23 4,7005 Branagh-Youngs USA 16 4,5406 Talita-Renata BRA 26 4,4007 Karantasiou-Arvaniti GRE 23 3,8408 Goller-Ludwig GER 20 3,7609 Pohl-Rau GER 22 3,70010 Barnett-Cook AUS 15 3,46011 Hakedal-Torlen NOR 20 3,07012 Maaseide-Glesnes NOR 26 2,70013 Fernandez Grasset-Larrea Peraza CUB 23 2,62014 Schwaiger-Schwaiger AUT 26 2,36015 Van Breedam-Mouha BEL 26 2,29016 Esteves Ribalta-M. Crespo CUB 25 2,28017 Koutroumanidou-Tsiartsiani GRE 28 2,16018 Uryadova-Shiryaeva RUS 20 2,09019 Kadijk R.-Mooren NED 22 2,04020 Candelas-Garcia MEX 20 1,76021 Teru Saiki-Kusuhara JPN 23 1,70022 Saka-Rtvelo GEO 29 1,68023 Kuhn-Schwer SUI 22 1,65024 Augoustides-Nel RSA 8 192

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Honours - Women’sWorld Tour

124 125

Beijing 2008 Olympic Rankings

FIVB 2007 Men’s Team Rankings

FIVB 2006 Men’s Team Rankings

FIVB 2008 Men’s Team Rankings

Olympic Ranking Team Country No. Tourn. Points

1 Rogers-Dalhausser USA 12 5,7802 Ricardo-Emanuel BRA 24 5,5003 Marcio Araujo-Fabio Luiz BRA 26 4,8604 Nummerdor-Schuil NED 20 4,6805 Xu-Wu CHN 23 4,6006 Brink-Dieckmann Ch. GER 22 4,5607 Barsouk-Kolodinsky RUS 24 4,4608 Klemperer-Koreng GER 15 4,3609 Gibb-Rosenthal USA 14 3,54010 Schacht-Slack AUS 14 3,40011 Herrera-Mesa ESP 24 3,36012 Heyer-Heuscher SUI 19 3,26013 Conde-Baracetti ARG 16 3,26014 Kais Kr.-Vesik EST 17 3,17015 Doppler-Gartmayer AUT 25 3,06016 Boersma E.-Ronnes NED 21 3,00017 Geor-Gia GEO 30 2,72018 Kjemperud-Skarlund NOR 26 2,62019 Gosch-Horst AUT 23 2,36020 Laciga M.-Schnider SUI 16 2,29021 Samoilovs-Plavins LAT 27 2,26022 Lione-Varnier (Lione-Amore will play) ITA 23 2,06023 Asahi-Shiratori JPN 25 1,98024 Fernandes-Morais ANG 16 204

Rank Team Country No. Tourn. Points Earnings (US$)

1 Emanuel-Ricardo BRA 15 6,940 347,7002 Fabio Luiz-Marcio Araujo BRA 15 6,340 270,9003 Barsouk-Kolodinsky RUS 13 5,610 198,2004 Harley-Pedro BRA 15 5,160 206,2005 Franco-Cunha BRA 12 5,040 179,9006 Xu-Wu CHN 13 4,680 140,2007 Conde-Baracetti ARG 15 4,160 138,1008 Schuil-Nummerdor NED 11 4,060 144,0009 Brink-Dieckmann Ch. GER 12 4,000 116,10010 Reckermann-Urbatzka GER 13 3,830 120,70011 Heuscher-Heyer SUI 11 3,560 107,40012 Doppler-Gartmayer AUT 15 3,500 101,10013 Schacht-Slack AUS 10 3,300 110,700

Rogers-Dalhausser USA 6 3,300 136,50015 Geor-Gia GEO 17 3,060 92,10016 Herrera-Mesa ESP 12 2,920 77,80017 Gosch-Horst AUT 13 2,750 75,70018 Klemperer-Koreng GER 7 2,680 90,00019 Kais Kr.-Vesik EST 9 2,540 87,10020 Kjemperud-Skarlund NOR 16 2,440 77,700

Rank Team Country No. Tourn. Points Earnings (US$)

1 Ricardo-Emanuel BRA 14 6,380 355,0002 Fabio Luiz-Marcio Araujo BRA 14 6,060 299,0003 Brink-Dieckmann Ch. GER 9 4,740 177,4004 Cunha-Franco BRA 14 4,720 173,6005 Baracetti-Conde ARG 11 3,600 106,8006 Wu-Xu CHN 13 3,000 88,3507 Heuscher-Kobel SUI 9 2,760 92,3508 Gibb-Rosenthal USA 6 2,720 106,4509 Kais Kr.-Vesik EST 10 2,680 71,10010 Rogers-Dalhausser USA 6 2,480 98,70011 Kjemperud-Skarlund NOR 14 2,460 76,05012 Schacht-Slack AUS 10 2,340 64,70013 Horrem-Pettersen E.P. NOR 12 2,240 64,75014 Harley-Benjamin BRA 10 2,200 67,10015 Lambert-Metzger USA 5 2,040 59,70016 Lione-Varnier ITA 7 2,020 53,55017 Laciga P.-Heyer SUI 10 1,940 52,60018 Laciga M.-Egger M. SUI 8 1,800 49,45019 Doppler-Gartmayer AUT 9 1,680 45,55020 Luizão-Nalbert BRA 10 1,480 40,900 Klemperer-Schneider K. GER 6 1,480 42,300

Rank Team Country No. Tourn. Points Earnings (US$)

1 Xu-Wu CHN 10 4,860 159,6002 Harley-Pedro BRA 12 4,820 163,6003 Ricardo-Emanuel BRA 9 4,180 145,2004 Brink-Dieckmann Ch. GER 8 4,120 143,3005 Rogers-Dalhausser USA 6 4,080 188,0006 Nummerdor-Schuil NED 7 3,260 106,2007 Marcio Araujo-Fabio Luiz BRA 11 3,000 89,7008 Barsouk-Kolodinsky RUS 9 2,940 80,8009 Gibb-Rosenthal USA 8 2,840 85,30010 Klemperer-Koreng GER 6 2,800 84,20011 Fuerbringer-Jennings USA 8 2,760 70,70012 Herrera-Mesa ESP 10 2,700 74,70013 Reckermann-Urbatzka GER 8 2,680 77,70014 Kjemperud-Skarlund NOR 10 2,340 57,60015 Boersma E.-Ronnes NED 7 2,220 60,20016 Geor-Gia GEO 12 2,184 50,00017 Lione-Varnier ITA 9 1,800 45,10018 Kais Kr.-Vesik EST 7 1,680 41,40019 Samoilovs-Plavins LAT 12 1,660 40,70020 Doppler-Gartmayer AUT 8 1,620 43,400

* last updated on July 21, 2008

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Honours - Men’sWorld Tour

126 127

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When two teammates touch the ball simultaneously, it is counted as two hits except at blocking. The ball may touch any part of the body. The ball must be hit, not caught or thrown. It can rebound in any direction.

Ball crossing the netThe ball sent to the opponent’s court must go over the net within the crossing space. While crossing the net the ball may touch the net.A ball driven into the net may be recovered within the limits of the three team hits.

Reaching beyond the netIn blocking, a player may touch the ball beyond the net, provided that he/she does not interfere with the opponent’s play, before or during the latter’s attack hit.A player is permitted to pass his/her hand beyond the net after his/her attack hit, provided that his/her contact has been made within his/her own playing space.

A player may enter into the opponent’s space, court and/or free zone, provided that this does not interfere with the opponent’s play.

Contact with the net or antenna is not a fault, unless it is made during the action of playing the ball or inteferes with play. Incidental contact of the hair is never a fault. (This rule came into effect in 2007).

Service orderAfter the first service in a set, the player to serve is determined as follows:a) when the serving team wins the rally, the player

who served before, serves again.b) when the receiving team wins the rally, it gains the right to serve and the player

who did not serve last time will serve.

ScreeningThe teammate of the server must not prevent either opponent, through screening, from seeing the server or the path of the ball. On the opponent’s request, they must move sideways.

Game characteristicsBeach Volleyball is a sport played by two teams of two players each on a sand court divided by a net. Both players of each team must always be in play. There is no substitution or replacement of players during a game.

PlayersThere are two players on each side.

To win a matchThe match is won by the team that wins two sets.In the case of a 1-1 tie, the deciding set (the 3rd) is played to 15 points with a minimum lead of 2 points.A set (except the deciding 3rd set) is won by the team that first scores 21 points with a minimum lead of two points. In the case of a 20-20 tie, play is continued until a two point lead is reached (22-20, 23-21 etc).The teams switch after every 7 points (Set 1 and 2) and 5 points (Set 3) played.

To win a rallyWhenever a team fails in its service or fails to return the ball, or commits any other fault, the opposing team wins the rally, with one of the following consequences:- If the opposing team served, it scores a point and

continues to serve.- If the opposing team received the service, it gains

the right to serve and also scores a point.

Coin tossThe first service of a set is executed by the team determined by the coin toss.

Team hitsEach team is entitled to a maximum of three hits for returning the ball over the net.These team hits include not only intentional hits by the player, but also unintentional contacts with the ball.Two players may touch the ball at the same moment.

Rules of the Game

SandThe sand must be at least 40-cm deep and composed of five loosely compacted grains. It must also be sifted to an acceptable size, not too coarse, free of stones and dangerous particles (see FIVB sand requirements at www.fivb.org).

NetThe height of the net is 2.43 metres for men and 2.24 for women. The net is 8.5-metres long and 1-metre deep when hung taut, placed vertically over the axis of the centre of the court. It is made of 10-cm square mesh.

BallThe ball is spherical featuring bright colours, with a circumference of 66 to 68 cm, weight of 260 to 280 grams and inside pressure of 171 to 221 mbar.

Playing areaThe playing area includes the playing court and the free zone. The playing court is a rectangle

measuring 16X8 metres, surrounded by a free zone with a minimum of 5 metres from the end lines/side lines and with a space free from any obstruction up to a minimum height of 12.5 metres from the playing surface.

Number of Time-OutsEach team is entitled to a maximum of one 30 second time out per set. In Set 1 and 2, one additional 30-second technical time-out is automatically allocated when the sum of the points scored by the teams equals 21 points.

Medical Time-OutAn injured player is given a maximum of five minutes recovery time one time per match.

IntervalsThe interval between each set lasts one minute.

Refereeing corpsThe refereeing corps for a match is composed of the following officials:The first referee.The second referee.The scorer.Four line judges.

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1. Autorisation to serveMove the hand to indicate the direction of service.

2. Court switchesRaise the forearms front and back and twist them around the body.

3. Time-outPlace the palm of one hand over the fingers of the other, held vertically (forming a t).

4. Misconduct sanctionsShow yellow card for warning.Show red card for penalty.Show both red/yellow together for expulsion.Show both red/yellow separately for disqualification.

5. ScreeningRaise both arms vertically, palms forward.

6. Ball « out »Raise the forearms vertically, hands open, palms towards the body.

7. Ball touchedBrush with the palm of one hand the fingers of the other, held vertically.

8. Ball « in »Point the fingers towards the court.

Referees’ Signals

9. Held ball

Slowly lift the forearm, palm of the hand facing upwards.

10. Double contactRaise two fingers, spread open.

11. Four hitsRaise four fingers, spread open.

12. Net touched by a playerTouch the top of the ner or its palm facing downwards.

13. Reaching beyond the netPlace a hand above the net, palm facing downwards.

14. Attack-hit faultMake a downward motion with the forearm, hand open.

15. Interference by penetration into the opponent’s courtPoint to the center court.

16. Double fault and replayRaise both thumbs vertically.

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ProfilesReferees’

Name: BERARD MarcNationality: FranceDate of Birth: 24.06.1966Age: 42Gender: Men

Three most important matches refereed in careerSWATCH FIVB World Championships, Berlin 2005 - Men’s Semi-FinalSWATCH FIVB Grand Slam, Paris 2006 - Men’s Gold MedalSWATCH FIVB Grand Slam, Paris 2008 - Women’s Gold Medal

Profession: Hospital software/project managerHobby: Family, Volleyball, ComputersLanguages spoken: French, EnglishNumber of seasons on the FIVB WT: 7Number of seasons on National Tour: 11

Name: CASUTT RichardNationality: New ZealandDate of Birth: 08.11.1971Age: 37Gender: Men

Three most important matches refereed in careerAsian Games, Doha 2006 - Women’s Gold FinalSWATCH FIVB Grand Slam, Paris 2008 - Men’s Gold FinalSWATCH FIVB World Tour Open, Korea 2008 - Women’s Gold Final

Profession: Sport Development ManagerHobby: Coaching, Swimming, Sports PsychologyLanguages spoken: English, A little FrenchNumber of seasons on the FIVB WT: 12Number of seasons on National Tour: 15

Name: CESARE StefanoNationality: ItalyDate of Birth: 16.02.1970Age: 38Gender: Men

Three most important matches refereed in careerOlympic Games, Athens 2004 - 1st Ref Women’s Gold FinalWorld Championships, Rio de Janeiro 2003 - 1st Ref Men’s Gold FinalCEV European Championships Final, The Hague 2006 - 1st Ref Men’s Gold Final

Profession: Electronic EngineerHobby: Soccer (five-a-side) - MoviesLanguages spoken: English, ItalianNumber of seasons on the FIVB WT: 14Number of seasons on National Tour: 15

Name: DAHLE GeirNationality: NorwayDate of Birth: 16.04.1957Age: 51Gender: Men

Three most important matches refereed in careerSWATCH FIVB World Tour Grand Slam, Paris 2006 - Men’s Gold FinalSWATCH FIVB World Tour Open, Cape Town 2005 - Men’s Gold FinalSWATCH FIVB World Tour Open, Montreal 2006 - Men’s Semi-Final, BRA-BRA

Profession: ScientistHobby: VolleyballLanguages spoken: Norwegian, English, GermanNumber of seasons on the FIVB WT: 12Number of seasons on National Tour: 12

Name: FUJII TakashiNationality: JapanDate of Birth: 08.10.1962Age: 46Gender: Men

Three most important matches refereed in careerOlympic Games, Athens 2004 - All matchesSWATCH FIVB Adelaide Open 2008 - Women’s Gold Final 1stSWATCH FIVB Korea Open 2007 - Women’s Final 1st

Profession: Office clerkHobby: Reading booksLanguages spoken: Japanese, EnglishNumber of seasons on the FIVB WT: 15Number of seasons on National Tour: 18

Name: FRIESEN DarrylNationality: CanadaDate of Birth: 15.09.1967Age: 41Gender: Men

Three most important matches refereed in careerOlympic Games, Athens 2004 - Men’s Gold FinalOlympic Games, Sydney 2000 - Men’s Semi-FinalSWATCH FIVB World Championships, Berlin 2005 - Men’s Gold Final

Profession: Professional FirefighterHobby: Wakeboarding, SnowboardingLanguages spoken: English, some Spanish, some Port.Number of seasons on the FIVB WT: 12Number of seasons on National Tour: 12

Name: HAAS AndreaNationality: AustriaDate of Birth: 11.05.1964Age: 44Gender: Women

Three most important matches refereed in careerOlympic Games, Sydney 2000 - Men’s Gold FinalOlympic Games, Sydney 2000 - Women’s Gold FinalFIVB World Championships, Klagenfurt 2001 - Men’s Gold Final

Profession: HousewifeHobby: Reading and sailingLanguages spoken: German, EnglishNumber of seasons on the FIVB WT: 12Number of seasons on National Tour: 13

Name: HAGENER MarcNationality: GermanyDate of Birth: 13.12.1967Age: 41Gender: Men

Three most important matches refereed in careerSWATCH FIVB World Tour Open, Roseto 2007 - Men’s Gold FinalSWATCH FIVB World Championships, Gstaad 2007 - Men’s Semi-FinalSWATCH FIVB Grand Slam, Berlin 2008 - Women’s Gold Final

Profession: CEOHobby: Volleyball, FamilyLanguages spoken: German, EnglishNumber of seasons on the FIVB WT: 9Number of seasons on National Tour: 12

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ProfilesReferees’

Name: LU WeipingNationality: ChinaDate of Birth: 30.05.1962Age: 46Gender: Men

Three most important matches refereed in careerFIVB World Series, Macao 2000 - Men’s Bronze MedalSWATCH FIVB World Tour Open, Seoul 2007 - Women’s Semi-FinalFIVB World Championships U-21, Portrieux 2003 - Women’s Semi-Final

Profession: TeacherHobby: Swimming, tennisLanguages spoken: Chinese, EnglishNumber of seasons on the FIVB WT: 9Number of seasons on National Tour: 15

Name: PERSONENI JonasNationality: SwitzerlandDate of Birth: 21.08.1983Age: 25Gender: Men

Three most important matches refereed in careerSWATCH FIVB World Championships, Gstaad 2007 - Men’s Bronze FinalSWATCH FIVB World Tour Grand Slam, Stavanger 2008 - Men’s FinalSWATCH FIVB World Tour Grand Slam, Berlin 2008 - Men’s Final

Profession: StudentHobby: Volleyball, Beach Volleyball, surfing, guitarLanguages spoken: Ger, Fre, Eng, Ita, SpaNumber of seasons on the FIVB WT: 4Number of seasons on National Tour: 8

Name: RAMIREZ MiguelNationality: MexicoDate of Birth: 02.07.1959Age: 49Gender: Men

Three most important matches refereed in careerFIVB World Tour Acapulco Open 2005 - Women’s Gold MedalPanam Games Winnipeg 1999 - Men’s Gold MedalFIVB World Tour Acapulco Open 2006 - Men’s Gold Medal

Profession: CashierHobby: VolleyballLanguages spoken: Spanish, basic EnglishNumber of seasons on the FIVB WT: 1Number of seasons on National Tour: 1

Name: LIU HongyuNationality: ChinaDate of Birth: 29.03.1972Age: 36Gender: Women

Three most important matches refereed in careerSWATCH FIVB World Tour Shanghai Open 2008 - Women’s FinalSWATCH FIVB World Tour Singapore Open 2007 - Women’s Semi-FinalSWATCH FIVB World Tour Shanghai Open 2006 - Women’s Final

Profession: TeacherHobby: Playing badminton, looking after my sonLanguages spoken: Chinese, EnglishNumber of seasons on the FIVB WT: 6Number of seasons on National Tour: 7

Name: SAPP GlennNationality: United StatesDate of Birth: 31.03.1957Age: 51Gender: Men

Three most important matches refereed in careerSWATCH FIVB World Championships, Gstaad 2007 - Men’s Bronze Medal MatchSWATCH FIVB World Tour Grand Slam, Klagenfurt 2007 - Men’s Gold Medal MatchSWATCH FIVB World Tour Grand Slam, Stavanger 2006 - Men’s Bronze Medal Match

Profession: Volleyball consultantHobby: Camping, golfLanguages spoken: EnglishNumber of seasons on the FIVB WT: 7Number of seasons on National Tour: 9

Name: SEARLE DamienNationality: EnglandDate of Birth: 03.04.1973Age: 35Gender: Men

Three most important matches refereed in careerSWATCH FIVB Grand Slam, Paris 2006 - Women’s Gold FinalSWATCH FIVB Open, Poland 2007 - Men’s Gold FinalFIVB World Championships U23, Porto Santo 2004 - Men’s Gold Final

Profession: Parks Enhancement OfficerHobby: HandymanLanguages spoken: EnglishNumber of seasons on the FIVB WT: 4Number of seasons on National Tour: 11

Name: VILLAS-BOAS Maria AméliaNationality: BrazilDate of Birth: 07.05.1957Age: 51Gender: Women

Three most important matches refereed in careerOlympic Games, Atlanta 1996 - Men’s Quarter-FinalSWATCH FIVB World Tour, Barcelona Open 2008 - Men’s Gold FinalSWATCH FIVB World Tour, Zagreb Open 2008 - Men’s Gold Final

Profession: Physical educationHobby: WorkoutLanguages spoken: Por, Eng, Spa, FreNumber of seasons on the FIVB WT: 21Number of seasons on National Tour: 17

Name: WANG LeijunNationality: ChinaDate of Birth: 30.01.1967Age: 41Gender: Men

Three most important matches refereed in careerSWATCH FIVB World Tour Open, Moscow 2008 - Men’s Bronze Medal MatchSWATCH FIVB World Tour Open, Adelaide 2008 - Men’s Bronze Medal MatchSWATCH FIVB World Tour Grand Slam, Stavanger 2008 - Men’s Bronze Medal Match

Profession: Public servantHobby: Sport, musicLanguages spoken: Chinese, EnglishNumber of seasons on the FIVB WT: 10Number of seasons on National Tour: 12

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Do men and women receive equal Prize Money? Yes.

Do you have to have special sand for the tournaments? Yes. A top quality, clean sand, which is tested in a specialised laboratory in Canada.

Is the net and court the same size for Beach Volleyball as in Volleyball? Yes, 2.43 meters for Men and 2.24 meters for Women.

Which countries are growing the fastest in terms of Beach Volleyball? Brazil, USA, China, Germany, Switzerland, Norway, Austria, France, Australia, Netherlands, Russia, etc.

Why isn’t mixed Beach Volleyball played? Firstly the net is at a different height for men and women and, secondly, the speed in which the game is played differs between the two sexes. However, the FIVB does now exclude the possibility of mixed Beach Volleyball being played to enjoy the sport.

Do all Beach Volleyball players come from Volleyball? While some Volleyball players have made the successful transition – Karch Kiraly and Jackie Silva to name two, Beach Volleyball has such a presence now it is attracting professional players who have dedicated their life to the sport.

Is Beach Volleyball always played on beaches? No. You will see some venues located in the middle of town squares (Paris, Berlin, Osaka, etc.), amongst the mountains (Gstaad), lakeside (Klagenfurt, Stare Jablonki), fjords (Stavanger), ocean side (Marseille, Adelaide, Seoul, etc.) and tennis facilities (Prague, Rome).

Why does the FIVB force the women to play in bikinis? It doesn’t. The women have the option of playing in a one or two piece playing uniform.

Do Beach Volleyball teams have captains? Yes. Usually indicated on the score sheet, the captain is responsible for the coin toss among other things.

Is a ball on the line in or out? In.

What is the average length of a match? A typical game consists of about 100 rallies or just less than an hour.

Is the ball the same as Volleyball? No it is heavier, bigger and less inflated in order to be slower for greater control. The colours, patterns and type of production are also different.

FAQ

What is the mission of the FIVB? To bring Volleyball and Beach Volleyball to as many people in the world as possible.

When was Beach Volleyball introduced to the Olympic Games programme? At the 1996 Atlanta Olympics. It was a sell-out event.

What is the role of a National Federation? National Federations affiliated to the FIVB manage and promote all kinds of Volleyball and Beach Volleyball activities through their own calendar and by supporting major events, contributing to the growth with partners, hosting cities, team programs, National Championships, referees and officials.

Are players professional or amateur? Top world-ranked players are professional.

Who are the legends of Beach Volleyball? Men: Sinjin Smith, Randy Stoklos, Karch Kiraly, Gene Selznick, Loiola, Ricardo, Emanuel, Todd Rogers, Phil Dalhausser, Pablo Herrera, Raul Mesa. Women: Misty May-Treanor, Kerri Walsh, Jia Tian, Jie Wang, Juliana, Larissa, Jackie Silva, Kerri-Ann Pottharst, Karolyn Kirby, Natalie Cook, Sandra Pires.

What do the signals mean in Beach Volleyball? Signals are meant to coordinate a strategy between players. One index finger behind the back means the blocker will take the line parallel to the outside of the court while the player at the back covers the diagonal angle. Two index fingers means the blocker takes the diagonal while the player at the back covers the shot down the line. Other signals are established to implement tactics which are meant to exploit the opponents’ weaknesses.

What future does indoor Beach Volleyball have? The FIVB only sanctions outdoor events to preserve the image and spirit of the sport. However, due to special weather conditions, some northern countries may organise indoor events at national and continental level.

What is the idea behind entertainment at world-level Beach Volleyball events? The FIVB is implementing powerful entertainment programs to add value to the game, without the two overlapping. Entertainment is a key factor to attract audiences and enable the Beach Volleyball fans to enjoy a unique atmosphere throughout the competition.

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Glossary

Ace (Pure) - A served ball that lands within the playing boundaries, which is untouched by the receiving team and scores a point.Ace (Statistical) - A served ball that a player on the receiving team cannot handle or pass cleanly.Antennae - A flexible rod placed vertically above the outer edge of the sidelines to mark the outer limit of the crossing space.Attack hit - The action of directing the ball into the opponents’ court. Serving is not considered an attack hit. Considered completed when the ball completely crosses the vertical plane of the net or touches a block.Ball mark - The disturbance or movement of the sand created on the court surface by the contact of the ball with the sand. This mark may be checked to determine if the ball is “in” or “out”.Ball-mark protocol - A procedure initiated by the 1st referee for establishing whether the ball has landed in or out of the court.Between rallies - The time between the whistle to end the completion of a rally and the whistle to authorize the service to start the next rally. Under normal circumstances this is a maximum of 12 seconds.Blocking - Is the action of player close to the net to intercept the ball coming from the opponent by reaching higher than the top of the net.Bump (Pass) - Technique of playing ball using forearms, hands together, to direct the ball.Bump (Set) - A forearm pass used as a set.Carry - A fault called if the ball comes to rest in the course of contact by one player.Coin toss - Action by the referees where the team’s captains choose the team to serve and the starting side of the court of each team.Contacted ball - A contacted ball is one that touches or is touched by any part of a player’s body or clothing.Court - The playing surface divided into two equal areas by a net. In its official form, Beach Volleyball is played on a rectangular court 16 meters (52 feet, 5.921 inches) long and 8 meters (26 feet, 2.841 inches) wide.Court lines (boundary lines) - These lines delimit the playing area. They are adjustable and made of resistant material, contrast in colour to the sand and are 5-8 centimetres wide. The ball must physically contact the line to be considered as “in.”Court switches (side changes) - The moment in which the teams change their sides of the playing court. Occurs every 7 points (Sets 1 and 2) and every 5 points (3rd Set).Coverage - Most often refers to a backing up a partner’s hit when the block is up and the ball comes glancing back.Cross-court/cut shot - An offensive hit in which a player, instead of hitting with power, slices the ball just over and nearly parallel to the net.Crossing space - The area above the net and inside the antennas (and their imaginary extension upward) through which an attacked or served ball must pass.Default - Where a team is unable to commence the match legally with its players. It forfeits the match and gains no points.Diagonals (Long / Short) - The distance diagonally across the corners of the playing court (long diagonal 17.89 metres) or across from one corner to the corner immediately under the net (short diagonal 11.31 metres).Dig (Save) - Ball brought up (saved) with any part of body, particularly from a spike attempt.Dink - Ball played just over net or blocker’s hands, instead of spiking and is legal as long as it is not with open fingers.

Double fault - Two faults occurring at the same time. Results in a replay (the same person serving again with no point scored).External space - The imaginary space outside the antennas and also not below the bottom of the net between the net poles. Not including the crossing and lower spaces.Extension of sideline - The imaginary line extended from the two sidelines in a straight line from the corners until the edge of the free zone.Floater - A serve that follows an uneven trajectory («floats») over the net.Foot faults - The illegal action of a player, who at the time of serving or jumping to serve, has their foot under the line, has their foot outside the extension of the sideline, or their foot, contacts the playing court (line included).Free zone - The area outside the playing court but inside the panels, signage, etc., which delimits the outer edges of the free zone.Hard-driven ball - An attack hit that is travelling with sufficient speed (quickly) and over distance such that a defending player only has time to only play the ball in a reflexive defensive manner. In such defensive action the ball can be slightly held overhand with fingers.Hit ball - A ball that is clearly hit and does not come to rest upon contact.Illegal server - When a player serves contrary to the service order recorded on the score sheet and advice of the scorer. The other team gains the right to serve and a point.Incidental contact - Contact by a player with an opponent that did not have an effect on that player’s ability to complete a subsequent play on the ball freely.Incomplete team - When a team commences but is unable to legally complete a match with its two players, i.e: because of injury, the other team would the gain the match.Injury timeout (5-minute recovery period) - The time allowed for the player to recover from an injury.Interference - When a player through physical contact or threat of contact prevents an opponent from a potential play on the ball. It may be the next shot or a subsequent shot.Joust - A classic confrontation above the net where the two opponent players simultaneously contact the ball, holding it with open fingers.Jump serve - The action of a serving player, who at the time of the service is not in contact with the ground. The action of jumping must commence legally from within the service zone but on landing may contact any part of the playing court or free zone.Kong block - A huge one hand block used by Beach Volleyball legend Randy Stoklos.Line judges - Auxiliary officials responsible for assisting the referees in determining faults esp. ball “in” “out” and “touched”. Either 2 or 4 people can be used, situated at corners of the court.Lower space under net - The area below the bottom of the net between the net posts. It does not include the Crossing and External spaces.Match format - The format for FIVB competition is best of 3 sets, the first 2 being played to 21 (with 2 point advantage) and the 3rd set to 15 (with a 2 point advantage), both with no maximum score.Momentarily overhand with fingers/beach dig/beach defence - A playing action (receiving a ball) that may be legally used if the ball is hard driven. Players are allowed legally to hold or carry the ball overhand slightly longer than is usually allowed. The hands must be held with fingers up, i.e.: not inverted to point downwards.

Net - Piece of equipment that separates the opponent sides of the court, placed vertically over the axis of the centre of the court, made of small square meshes and hanging from two poles by use of one cable at the top horizontal band and one rope at the lower horizontal band.Normal playing conditions - Playing conditions which are free from external interference from weather (e.g.: wind, rain). Generally based on whether players can accurately hand set the ball.Off-hand Side - Right hand player, playing right side. The ball comes across the body on a set to hit.Offensive player (attacking player) - The player(s) from the team who currently have committed the last contact. The player(s) on the same side of the court as the ball.On-hand side - Right hand player, playing left side. The ball is in front of a player on a set to hit.Out of bounds - The ball is out of bounds when it touches any surface, object or ground outside the court.Overhand finger action - The playing action of setting the ball or passing the ball with 2 hands fingers spread, contacting the ball. It is not legal to carry the ball with underhand finger action (i.e.: wrists inverted).Perpendicular trajectory - A ball that travels in a straight line from the player’s shoulders either forwards or backwards. The player’s position at the time of the contact determines the trajectory the ball should legally follow in the case the player completes an attack-hit using an overhand pass.Play over - The act of putting the ball in play again without awarding a point.Point - If the serving team sends a ball that is not returned or lands in the receiving team’s court, a point is then awarded to the serving team. If the receiving team returns a ball that is not returned or lands in the serving team’s court, a point is an awarded to the receiving team.Protest protocol - The formal process under the control of the Delegate(s) in which the validity of a team’s protest is considered. This may occur before, during or after a match.Protocol - The time from the end of the previous match to the commencement of the next match.Rally - The time that the ball is legally in play, from the contact with the ball by the server, to the time of a fault by either team or when the ball hits the ground.Replay (Tie ball replay) - When the referee authorizes a service to be made again with no point or side out being made to either team. This could be as a result of simultaneous fault, incorrect decision or external interference.Roll shot - Legal technique using rigid, closed fingers in an overhead single hand action to complete an attack hit. Usually travels a short distance into the opponent’s court.Roof block (stuff block) - Block that puts the ball straight down on the side of the attacking team.Rubber booties/sand-shoes/socks - Personal player’s equipment for protection of their feet. Usually used if sand is too hot/cold or player is injured. Requires the referee’s permission before use.Rules - All players must know and abide by the “Rules of the Game.”Sand - The material composing the court surface. Must be flat, uniform, and safe for participants and at least 40 centimetres in depth.Sand anchors - The device, which secures the lines, by use of a cord, to the court, surface (50 centimetres below the ground minimum). Material must be soft and flexible.Screen - The action of preventing the player(s) receiving serve from having a clear and unobstructed view of the serving player. A screen is illegal and a screening player must move if requested to move.

Screening - An attempt by a player to conceal the start of a teammate’s serve by obstructing an opponent’s line of sight. Screening is illegal.Serve - The act of putting the ball into play by a player who hits the ball with her hand or arm.Service order - The order in which players can legally serve. Recorded on the score sheet after the coin toss has been made (1st and 3rd set) or before the start of the set (2nd set). Must be maintained throughout the set.Service zone - The area in which the player serves the ball. Bounded by the base (back line), the extension of the two sidelines and the outside of the free zone (usually delimited by panels).Shoot - Two-handed set shot used as dink or deep placement shot.Side bands - Two colour bands, 5-8 cm wide (same width as the court lines) and 1-metre long, are fastened vertically to the net and placed above each sideline. They are considered part of the net.Side out - Should the team that receives the service win the rally they have scored a sideout and they win the right to now serve.Simultaneous contact - Contact of the ball made by two players at the same instant. If made by two opponents over the net and the ball remains held for a certain period of time, this is called a joust.Six pack (facial) - Refers to a player who was hit directly in the face by the ball.Sizzling the pits - A spike that sneaks by the blocker’s armpits.Sky ball - A very high serve in its trajectory which is used to gain advantage from wind, sun.Spike - The play action of jumping and striking the ball with one hand as an attack hit.Spiked ball - A ball (other than a served ball) hit forcibly from a height not less than the top of the net. Also known as bury, crush, hammer, kill, put away or slam.Technical timeout - An official 30-second interruption to the match that occurs in sets 1 and 2 when the sum of both teams’ points is 21.Three hits per side - A team may contact the ball no more than three times before sending the ball over the net and into contact with either an opponent or his/her court. Successive hits or contacts by the same player are illegal unless the player blocks at the net.Timeouts - When the ball is dead, a player may request a timeout. Each team will be allowed one, 30-second timeout per set per team. Each timeout must be approved by the officials.Tip/dink - Illegal technique using open fingers (spread fingertips) to complete an attack hit.Toss - The action of releasing the ball from the player’s hands in the service zone with the intention of hitting a service.Warm-up period (Official warm up) - The time before the match officially allocated for teams to prepare on the court for the match. Commences at the whistle (signal) of the 1st referee after the signing of the score sheet.Wipeoff - The attacking hit that deflects off the block of the defending team.Wind - Weather condition. Strength should be low enough to enable normal playing conditions.

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