Before The Beginning Introduction To Genesis 1 Cloyce Sutton.

Before The BeginningBefore The Beginning

Introduction To GenesisIntroduction To Genesis

11Cloyce SuttonCloyce Sutton

22

NT

OT

David Watts, Sr.David Watts, Sr.

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The Value Of The OTThe Value Of The OTRom. 15:4: For whatever things were written before were written for our learning, that we through the patience and comfort of the Scriptures might have hope.

2 Tim. 3:16–17: 16 All Scripture is given by inspiration of God, and is profitable for doctrine, for reproof, for correction, for instruction in righteousness, 17 that the man of God may be complete, thoroughly equipped for every good work.

Kevin KayKevin Kay

What’s Not RightWhat’s Right

How To Get RightHow To Stay Right

Comparing The TwoComparing The Two

Old TestamentOld Testament New TestamentNew Testament

ForeshadowingForeshadowing FulfillmentFulfillment

PromisePromise PerformancePerformance

ProblemProblem SolutionSolution

CommencementCommencement ConsummationConsummation

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OTA Savior

Is Coming

NTA Savior

Has Come

88

99

OT

Gen

NT

David Watts, Sr.David Watts, Sr.

J. Sidlow BaxterJ. Sidlow Baxter

““...besides being introductory, ...besides being introductory, Genesis is Genesis is explanatoryexplanatory. . The other writings of the Bible are The other writings of the Bible are inseparably bound up with it inasmuch as it gives inseparably bound up with it inasmuch as it gives us us the origin and initial explanation of all that the origin and initial explanation of all that followsfollows. …. Here we have in germ all that is later . …. Here we have in germ all that is later developed. It has been truly said that developed. It has been truly said that ‘the roots of ‘the roots of all subsequent revelation are planted deep in all subsequent revelation are planted deep in Genesis, and whoever would truly comprehend Genesis, and whoever would truly comprehend that revelation must begin here.’that revelation must begin here.’” ” ((Explore The BookExplore The Book, , n.p.)n.p.)

1010Kevin KayKevin Kay

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Genesis:Genesis:

The Book of BeginningsThe Book of BeginningsHeavens & EarthHeavens & Earth

Plants & AnimalsPlants & Animals

Man & WomanMan & Woman

Marriage & HomeMarriage & Home

LanguageLanguage

SinSin

Religion & WorshipReligion & Worship

Civilization & CultureCivilization & Culture

GovernmentGovernment

Races & NationsRaces & Nations

Hebrew RaceHebrew Race

RevelationRevelation

Messianic ProphecyMessianic Prophecy

EtcEtc..

Kevin KayKevin Kay

Genesis & RevelationGenesis & Revelation

Genesis RevelationHow it all began How it all will end

Paradise Lost Paradise Regained

Man’s dispossession thru sinMan’s repossession thru

forgiveness

Sin’s curse imposed Sin’s curse removed

Tree of life disinherited Tree of life re-inherited

Beginning of sorrow & death End of sorrow & death

Garden defiled by sin City undefiled

Evil triumph of Satan Ultimate triumph of Christ

1212David Watts, Sr.David Watts, Sr.

Important QuestionsImportant Questions

““WhoWho am I?” am I?”

““WhereWhere did I come from?” did I come from?”

““WhyWhy am I here?” am I here?”

““WhereWhere am I going?” am I going?”


Derek KidnerDerek Kidner

““There can scarcely be another part of There can scarcely be another part of Scripture over which Scripture over which so many battlesso many battles, , theological, scientific, historical and literary, theological, scientific, historical and literary, have been fought, or have been fought, or so many strong so many strong opinions cherishedopinions cherished. This very fact is a sign of . This very fact is a sign of the greatness and power of the book, and of the greatness and power of the book, and of the narrow limits of both our factual knowledge the narrow limits of both our factual knowledge and our spiritual grasp.” and our spiritual grasp.” ((Genesis: An Introduction & Commentary, 9)

Cloyce SuttonCloyce Sutton 1414

Presentation OverviewPresentation Overview

Title, Torah & Canonicity (1-4)Title, Torah & Canonicity (1-4)

Authorship (5-12)Authorship (5-12)

Date & Historicity (12-29)Date & Historicity (12-29)

Structure, Outline & Literary FeaturesStructure, Outline & Literary Features(29-37)(29-37)

Reading & Interpreting Genesis (37-41)Reading & Interpreting Genesis (37-41)


TitlesTitles

HebrewHebrew:: BBeereshitreshit = “in the beginning” = “in the beginning”

GreekGreek: : genesisgenesis = origin, source, race, creation = origin, source, race, creation

LatinLatin::

– Liber Genesis Liber Genesis = “The Book of Genesis”= “The Book of Genesis”

– Liber Genesis, Hebraice BereshitLiber Genesis, Hebraice Bereshit = “The Book of = “The Book of Genesis, [known] in Hebrew [as] Bereshit”Genesis, [known] in Hebrew [as] Bereshit”

– Incipit Liber Bresith id est Genesis Incipit Liber Bresith id est Genesis = “Here begins = “Here begins the book the book BresithBresith which is Genesis” which is Genesis”


TitlesTitles

Medieval:

– “First Book”

– “Book of the Creation of the World”

– “Book of the Righteous”

– “Book of Formation” (Hamilton, NICOT, 1:1-2)


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The The TanakhTanakh

TorahTorah(Law)(Law)

Gen.; Ex.; Lev.; Num.; Deut.

NNeebi’imbi’im(Prophets)(Prophets)

Former Prophets: Josh.; Jdg.; Sam.; Kings

Latter Prophets: Isa.; Ezek.; Jer.; Twelve

Ketubim(Writings)(Writings)

Poetical Books: Psa.; Prov.; Job

Five Rolls: Song; Ruth; Lam.; Esth.; Eccl

Historical Books: Dan.; Ezra-Neh.; Chron.

Kevin KayKevin Kay

TorahTorah

“The word torah in its widest sense means ‘guidance, instruction, discipline,’ and only in its most narrow sense ‘law.’ The Torah is the definitive ‘guide-book’ of ancient Israel, and it guides in the form of both narrative and law so that the two become inseparable and indispensible.” (Mann The Book of the Torah: The Narrative Integrity of the Pentateuch, 7; Alter, The Five Books of Moses: A Translation with Commentary, x)


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English OT ArrangementEnglish OT Arrangement

Law:Law: Gen.; Ex.; Lev.; Num.; Deut.

History:History:Josh.; Jud.; Ruth; 1 & 2 Sam.; 1 & 2 Ki.; 1 & 2 Chr.; Ezra; Neh.; Esth.

Poetry:Poetry: Job; Psa.; Prov.; Eccl.; Song.

Prophecy:Prophecy:

Major: Isa.; Jer. Lam. Ezek.; Dan.

Minor: Hos.; Joel; Amos; Obad.; Jon.; Mic.; Nah.; Hab.; Zeph.; Hag. Zech.; Mal.

Kevin KayKevin Kay

Authorship of PentateuchAuthorship of Pentateuch


Contents Suspect

2222

J-E650 BC

D621 BC

J-E-D550 BC

P450 BC

J-E-D-P400 BC

Josiah’s ReformBook

Exilic PriestlyMaterial

Cloyce SuttonCloyce Sutton

J850 BC

Southern Traditions

E750 BC

Northern Traditions

Objections ToObjections To

Mosaic AuthorshipMosaic AuthorshipTorah is Torah is anonymousanonymous

NoNo explicit reference to Moses explicit reference to Moses as authoras author

Moses referred to in Moses referred to in 3rd person3rd person

– Writer never uses “I” or “we” (cf. Nehemiah & Luke)Writer never uses “I” or “we” (cf. Nehemiah & Luke)

AnacronismsAnacronisms

Moses’ Moses’ humilityhumility (Num. 12:3) (Num. 12:3)

Moses’ Moses’ deathdeath (Dt. 34) (Dt. 34)


Assumptions Of DHAssumptions Of DHIsraelite culture Israelite culture evolvedevolved over time over time

WritingWriting developed much later than Moses developed much later than Moses

Different namesDifferent names for God for God

Duplicate storiesDuplicate stories

AnachronismsAnachronisms

Composite storiesComposite stories

DifferentDifferent vocabularyvocabulary or or literary stylesliterary styles


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““Like Father Like Son”Like Father Like Son”

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AnachronismsAnachronismsCamels (Gen. 12:16) (Gen. 12:16)

““Ur of the Ur of the Chaldeans” (Gen. 11:28, 31; 15:7)” (Gen. 11:28, 31; 15:7)

““Dan” (Gen. 14:14; cf. Jdg. 8:27-29)” (Gen. 14:14; cf. Jdg. 8:27-29)

Edomite kings “before Edomite kings “before any king reigned over reigned over the children of Israel” (Gen. 36:31)the children of Israel” (Gen. 36:31)

““Then in the land” (Gen. 12:6; 13:7)” (Gen. 12:6; 13:7)

“To this day” (Gen. 19:38; 22:14; 32:32; (Gen. 19:38; 22:14; 32:32; 47:26)47:26)

“Land of Rameses” (Gen. 47:11)(Gen. 47:11)


Composite StoriesComposite Stories

Noah’s flood (Gen. 7-8)Noah’s flood (Gen. 7-8)

Jacob’s flight (Gen. 28)Jacob’s flight (Gen. 28)

Sale of Joseph (Gen. 37)Sale of Joseph (Gen. 37)

Jacob’s son’s 1Jacob’s son’s 1stst trip to Egypt (Gen. 47) trip to Egypt (Gen. 47)


Critique Of DH AssumptionsCritique Of DH Assumptions

Cultures sometimes Cultures sometimes declinedecline or or stagnatestagnate. . Some aspects of Israelite worship settled earlySome aspects of Israelite worship settled early

WritingWriting developed long before Moses developed long before Moses

Different namesDifferent names for deity used in other ANE for deity used in other ANE texts – rhetorical effecttexts – rhetorical effect

Duplicate storiesDuplicate stories more differences than more differences than similarities – “Type scenes”similarities – “Type scenes”


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Early Marks Of Civilization(Gen. 4:16-22)(Gen. 4:16-22)

UrbanizationUrbanization (v. 17) (v. 17)

DomesticationDomestication (v. 20) (v. 20)

MusicMusic (v. 21) (v. 21)

MetallurgyMetallurgy (v. 22) (v. 22)

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Civilization Developed EarlyCivilization Developed Early

P. J. Wiseman: P. J. Wiseman: "No more surprising fact has "No more surprising fact has been discovered by recent excavations than been discovered by recent excavations than the the suddenness with which civilization appeared in suddenness with which civilization appeared in the worldthe world. This discovery is the very opposite of . This discovery is the very opposite of that anticipated. It was expected that the more that anticipated. It was expected that the more ancient the period, the more primitive would ancient the period, the more primitive would excavators find it to be, until traces of civilization excavators find it to be, until traces of civilization ceased altogether and aboriginal man appeared. ceased altogether and aboriginal man appeared. Neither in Babylonia nor Egypt, the lands of the Neither in Babylonia nor Egypt, the lands of the oldest known habitations of man, has this been the oldest known habitations of man, has this been the case.“ case.“ (“New Discoveries In Babylonia About Genesis,” p. 28) (“New Discoveries In Babylonia About Genesis,” p. 28)

Kevin KayKevin Kay

Early WritingEarly Writing

Joseph Free & Howard Vos: Joseph Free & Howard Vos: “The “The Code of Code of Hammurabi was written several hundred years Hammurabi was written several hundred years before the time of Moses before the time of Moses (c. 1500-1400 B.C.)(c. 1500-1400 B.C.)….….This code, from the period 2000-1700 B.C.This code, from the period 2000-1700 B.C., , contains advanced laws similar to those in the contains advanced laws similar to those in the Mosaic laws….In view of this archaeological Mosaic laws….In view of this archaeological evidence, the destructive critic can no longer insist evidence, the destructive critic can no longer insist that the laws of Moses are too advanced for his that the laws of Moses are too advanced for his time.” time.” ((Archaeology and Bible HistoryArchaeology and Bible History, 1992, 103, 55, via Lyons & , 1992, 103, 55, via Lyons & Smith, “Mosaic Authorship of the Pentateuch – Tried And True, Smith, “Mosaic Authorship of the Pentateuch – Tried And True, Reason Reason & Revelation& Revelation, Jan. 2003, 23:1:2), Jan. 2003, 23:1:2)


““Type-Scenes”Type-Scenes”Rivalry between wife & co-wife or concubine

Patriarch driven by famine to southern region

Birth of a child to barren woman

Finding one’s future spouse at a well

Epiphany in a field

Initiatory trial

Danger in the desert

Discovering a well in unlikely place

Last words of dying hero


Critique Of DH AssumptionsCritique Of DH Assumptions


Composite StoriesComposite Stories

Highly Highly subjectivesubjective explanationexplanation

No single account No single account tells the whole storytells the whole story. Each . Each account leaves inexplicable gapsaccount leaves inexplicable gaps

– ““J”: Ark without its constructionJ”: Ark without its construction

– ““P”: Noah & family entering arkP”: Noah & family entering ark

– ““J”: God shut Noah inJ”: God shut Noah in

– ““J”: Sending out birdJ”: Sending out bird


Mosaic AuthorshipMosaic Authorship

Account of Amalek’s defeat (Ex. 17:14)(Ex. 17:14)

Words of the Lord (Ex. 24:3-4)(Ex. 24:3-4)

Ten Commandments (Ex. 34:27-28)(Ex. 34:27-28)

Israel’s journeys in wilderness (Num. 33:1ff)(Num. 33:1ff)



Law (Dt. 31:9; cf. Josh. 8:32; 2 Chr. 34:14) (Dt. 31:9; cf. Josh. 8:32; 2 Chr. 34:14)

Song of Moses (Dt. 31:22)(Dt. 31:22)

Deuteronomy (Neh. 13:1; cf. Dt. 23:3-4; 2 Chr. (Neh. 13:1; cf. Dt. 23:3-4; 2 Chr. 25:4; cf. Dt. 24:16)25:4; cf. Dt. 24:16)

Exodus (Mk. 12:26; cf. Ex. 3:6)(Mk. 12:26; cf. Ex. 3:6)



Pent. NT

Ex. 3:6I am God of Abraham,

Isaac, & JacobMk. 12:26; Lk.

20:37

Ex. 20:12 Honor father & mother Mk. 7:10

Ex. 21:17 He who curses father & mother Mk. 7:10

Lev. 12:2-8 Day of purification Lk. 2:22

Lev. 18:5 If a man does, he shall life Rom. 10:5

Lev. 20:9 He who curses father & mother Mk. 7:10

Lev. 20:10 Adulterers put to death Jn. 8:5

Dt. 5:16 Honor father & mother Mk. 7:10



Pent. NTDt. 18:15,

18-19Prophet like me

Acts 3:22-23; 7:37

Dt. 19:15 Mouth of 2 or 3 witnesses Heb. 10:28

Dt. 22:22-24 Adulterers put to death Jn. 8:5

Dt. 24:1-4 Divorce & remarriageMt. 19:7; Mk.

10:4

Dt. 25:4 Don’t muzzle ox1 Cor. 9:9; 1 Tim.

5:18

Dt. 25:5-10 Levirate marriage lawMt. 22:24; Mk.

12:19; Lk. 20:28

Dt. 32:21 “I will provoke you to jealousy” Rom. 10:19



““Law of Moses” (Lk. 2:22; 24:44; Jn. 7:23; Acts Law of Moses” (Lk. 2:22; 24:44; Jn. 7:23; Acts 13:39; 15:5; 28:23; 1 Cor. 9:9)13:39; 15:5; 28:23; 1 Cor. 9:9)

““Book of Moses” (Mk. 12:26)Book of Moses” (Mk. 12:26)

““Custom of Moses” (Acts 15:1)Custom of Moses” (Acts 15:1)

““Moses’ law” (Heb. 10:28)Moses’ law” (Heb. 10:28)



Mk 12:26: But concerning the dead, that they rise, have you not read in the book of Moses, in the burning bush passage, how God spoke to him, saying, ‘I am the God of Abraham, the God of Isaac, and the God of Jacob’?

Lk. 20:37: But even Moses showed in the burning bush passage that the dead are raised, when he called the Lord ‘the God of Abraham, the God of Isaac, and the God of Jacob.’



Lk 16:29-31: 29 Abraham said to him, ‘They have Moses and the prophets; let them hear them.’ 30 And he said, ‘No, father Abraham; but if one goes to them from the dead, they will repent.’ 31 But he said to him, ‘If they do not hear Moses and the prophets, neither will they be persuaded though one rise from the dead.’”

2 Cor. 3:15: But even to this day, when Moses is read, a veil lies on their heart.



Lk. 24:27: And beginning at Moses and all the Prophets, He expounded to them in all the Scriptures the things concerning Himself.

Lk. 24:44: Then He said to them, “These are the words which I spoke to you while I was still with you, that all things must be fulfilled which were written in the Law of Moses and the Prophets and the Psalms concerning Me.”



Jn. 1:45: Philip found Nathanael and said to him, “We have found Him of whom Moses in the law, and also the prophets, wrote — Jesus of Nazareth, the son of Joseph.”

Jn. 5:46-47: 46 For if you believed Moses, you would believe Me; for he wrote about Me. 47 But if you do not believe his writings, how will you believe My words?”



Acts 15:21: For Moses has had throughout many generations those who preach him in every city, being read in the synagogues every Sabbath.”

Acts 26:22: Therefore, having obtained help from God, to this day I stand, witnessing both to small and great, saying no other things than those which the prophets and Moses said would come—



Acts 28:23: So when they had appointed him a day, many came to him at his lodging, to whom he explained and solemnly testified of the kingdom of God, persuading them concerning Jesus from both the Law of Moses and the Prophets, from morning till evening.


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““Scriptures” For JosephusScriptures” For Josephus(ca. AD 37-100)(ca. AD 37-100)

“8. (38) For we have not an innumerable multitude of books among us, disagreeing from and contradicting one another [as the Greeks have], but only twenty-two books, which contain the records of all the past times; which are justly believed to be divine; (39) and of them five belong to Moses, which contain his laws and the traditions of the origin of mankind till his death. This interval of time was little short of three thousand years; (40) but as to the time from the death of Moses till the reign of Artaxerxes, king of Persia,

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who reigned after Xerxes, the prophets, who were after Moses, wrote down what was done in their times in thirteen books. The remaining four books contain hymns to God, and precepts for the conduct of human life. (41) It is true, our history hath been written since Artaxerxes very particularly, but hath not been esteemed of the like authority with the former by our forefathers, because there hath not been an exact succession of prophets since that time; (42) and how firmly we have given credit to

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those books of our own nation, is evident by what wedo; for during so many ages as have already passed, no one has been so bold as either to add anything to them, to take anything from them, or to make any change in them; but it becomes natural to all Jews, immediately and from their very birth, to esteem those books to contain divine doctrines, and to persist in them, and, if occasion be, willingly to die for them….” (Emphasis added, Against Apion, I:7-8)

Kevin KayKevin Kay

ExplanationsExplanations

Some scribal glossesSome scribal glosses

Use of sources (cf. Gen. 5:1)Use of sources (cf. Gen. 5:1)

Portions written by someone else (cf. Dt. 34)Portions written by someone else (cf. Dt. 34)

InspirationInspiration


Date Of WritingDate Of Writing

Time of Moses:Time of Moses:

– 1515thth cen. BC (ca. 1446) cen. BC (ca. 1446)

– 1313thth cen. BC (ca. 1230) cen. BC (ca. 1230)

Four Common Views:Four Common Views:

– Early Exodus & Long SojournEarly Exodus & Long Sojourn

– Early Exodus & Short SojournEarly Exodus & Short Sojourn

– Late ExodusLate Exodus

– ReconstructionistReconstructionist


Length of Egyptian BondageLength of Egyptian Bondage

Ex. 12:40: Now the sojourn of the children of Israel who lived in Egypt was four hundred and thirty years.

1 Ki. 6:1: And it came to pass in the four hundred and eightieth year after the children of Israel had come out of the land of Egypt, in the fourth year of Solomon’s reign over Israel, in the month of Ziv, which is the second month, that he began to build the house of the LORD.

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“Egypt and Canaan” (Sam.; LXX)

Kevin KayKevin Kay

Length of Egyptian BondageLength of Egyptian Bondage

Jdg. 11:26: While Israel dwelt in Heshbon and its villages, in Aroer and its villages, and in all the cities along the banks of the Arnon, for three hundred years, why did you not recover them within that time?


Genealogies in GenesisGenealogies in Genesis

Gen. 4:16-24: Cain’s descendantsGen. 4:16-24: Cain’s descendants

Gen. 5: Adam’s descendants Gen. 5: Adam’s descendants

Gen. 10: Table of NationsGen. 10: Table of Nations

Gen. 11: Shem’s descendantsGen. 11: Shem’s descendants


Genealogies & ChronologyGenealogies & Chronology

Incomplete genealogiesIncomplete genealogies

Ambiguous relationshipsAmbiguous relationships

Variations in ancient versionsVariations in ancient versions

Symmetry suggests mnemonic purposeSymmetry suggests mnemonic purpose

Odd overlapsOdd overlaps

External archaeological dataExternal archaeological data


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MT Samaritan Pent LXX Josephus

Son’s Birth

DeathSon’s Birth

DeathSon’s Birth

DeathSon’s Birth

Death

Adam 130 930 130 930 230 930 230 930

Seth 105 912 105 912 205 912 205 912

Enosh 90 905 90 905 190 905 190 905

Kenan 70 910 70 910 170 910 170 910

Mahalalel 65 895 65 895 165 895 165 895

Jared 162 962 62 847 162 962 162 962

Enoch 65 365 65 365 165 365 165 365

Methuselah 187 969 67 720 167 969 187 969

Lamech 182 777 53 653 188 753 182 777

Noah 500 950 500 950 500 950 500 950

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MT Samaritan Pent LXX Josephus

Son’s Birth

Add’l YrsSon’s Birth

Add’l YrsSon’s Birth

Add’l Yrs Son’s Birth

Shem 100 500 100 500 100 500 —

Arpachshad 35 403 135 303 135 430 135

Cainan — — — — 130 330 —

Shelah 30 403 130 303 130 330 130

Eber 34 430 134 270 134 370 134

Peleg 30 209 130 109 130 209 130

Reu 32 207 132 107 132 207 130

Serug 30 200 130 100 130 200 132

Nahor 29 119 79 69 179 129 120

Terah 70 135 70 75 70 135 70

Genealogies Omit NamesGenealogies Omit Names

Mt. 1:8 1 Chr. 3:11f Ezra 7:3-4 1 Chr. 6:6ff

Joram Joram Zerahiah Zerahiah

Ahaziah Meraioth Meraioth

Joash Amariah

Amaziah Ahitub

Uzziah Azariah Zadok

Mt. 1:11 1 Chr. 3:14f Ahimaaz

Josiah Josiah Azariah

Jehoiakim Johanan

Jeconiah Jeconiah Azariah Azariah

Amariah Amariah


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Evidence OfEvidence Of

Intentional OmissionsIntentional Omissions3 groups3 groups of 14 namesof 14 names (Mt. 1:17) (Mt. 1:17)

– ““David” = DWD = 4 + 6 + 4 = 14David” = DWD = 4 + 6 + 4 = 14

– 14 = 2 x 714 = 2 x 7

– Helpful mnemonic deviceHelpful mnemonic device

““Son” = DescendantSon” = Descendant (Mt. 1:1) (Mt. 1:1)

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Gaps In GenealogiesGaps In Genealogies

2 Ki. 9:2: 2 Ki. 9:2: 22Now when you arrive at that place, Now when you arrive at that place, look there for look there for JehuJehu the son of the son of JehoshaphatJehoshaphat, , the son of the son of NimshiNimshi, and go in and make him rise , and go in and make him rise up from among his associates, and take him to up from among his associates, and take him to an inner room. an inner room.

2 Ki. 9:20: 2 Ki. 9:20: 2020So the watchman reported, So the watchman reported, saying, “He went up to them and is not coming saying, “He went up to them and is not coming back; and the driving back; and the driving isis like the driving of like the driving of JehuJehu the son of the son of NimshiNimshi, for he drives furiously!” , for he drives furiously!”

David EakinDavid Eakin

David EakinDavid Eakin 6262


Ezra 7:3-4Ezra 7:3-4ZerahiahZerahiah

MeraiothMeraioth

AzariahAzariah

AmariahAmariah

1 Chr. 6:6-101 Chr. 6:6-10ZerahiahZerahiah

MeraiothMeraioth

AmariahAmariah

AhitubAhitub

ZadokZadok

AhimaazAhimaaz

AzariahAzariah

JohananJohanan

AzariahAzariah

AmariahAmariah

Omitted by Ezra



Matthew 1:8, 11Matthew 1:8, 11

JoramJoram

UzziahUzziah

JosiahJosiah

JechoniahJechoniah

1 Chr. 3:11-12, 14-161 Chr. 3:11-12, 14-16

JoramJoram

AhaziahAhaziah

JoashJoash

AmaziahAmaziah

Uzziah (Azariah)Uzziah (Azariah)

JosiahJosiah

JehoiakimJehoiakim (Eliakim) (Eliakim)

Jehoiachin (Jeconiah)Jehoiachin (Jeconiah)

Omitted by Matthew

Omitted by Matthew

Two Points

• The Known Genealogical Gaps WouldNot Account For Millions Of Years

• We Know These Gaps Exist In SomeGenealogies Because They Do NotExist In Others

Don PattonDon Patton 6464

Gaps In Genealogies???Gaps In Genealogies???

Arthur C. CustanceArthur C. Custance : “We are told again and : “We are told again and again that some of these genealogies contain again that some of these genealogies contain gaps: but what is never pointed out by those who gaps: but what is never pointed out by those who lay the emphasis on gaps, is that they only know of lay the emphasis on gaps, is that they only know of the existence of these gaps because the existence of these gaps because the Bible the Bible elsewhere fills them inelsewhere fills them in. How otherwise could one . How otherwise could one know of them? But know of them? But if they are filled in, they are if they are filled in, they are not gaps at allnot gaps at all! Thus in the final analysis the ! Thus in the final analysis the argument is completely without foundation." argument is completely without foundation." ((Genealogies of the BibleGenealogies of the Bible, 1967, p. 3), 1967, p. 3)

Don PattonDon Patton 6565

Adam To AbrahamAdam To Abraham(Gen. 5 & 11)(Gen. 5 & 11)

AdamAdam

SethSeth

EnoshEnosh

CainanCainan

MahalaleelMahalaleel

JaredJared

EnochEnoch

MethuselahMethuselah

LamechLamech

NoahNoah

ShemShem

ArphaxadArphaxad

SalahSalah

EberEber

PelegPeleg

ReuReu

SerugSerug

NahorNahor

TerahTerah

AbramAbram

Any Gaps Must Come After Enoch

7th from Adam (Jude 14)

Millions of Years In 13 Generations

Any Gaps WouldNot Affect

Chronology

291,125 Years Between Each Generation

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Gaps & ChronologyGaps & Chronology

James B. Jordan:James B. Jordan: “ “Gaps in genealogiesGaps in genealogies, however, , however, do do not prove gaps in chronologiesnot prove gaps in chronologies. . The known gaps all The known gaps all occur in non-chronological genealogiesoccur in non-chronological genealogies. Moreover, even . Moreover, even if if there were gaps in the genealogiesthere were gaps in the genealogies of Genesis 5 and 11, of Genesis 5 and 11, this would not affect the chronological informationthis would not affect the chronological information therein therein recorded, for even if Enosh were the great-grandson of Seth, recorded, for even if Enosh were the great-grandson of Seth, it would still be the case that Seth was 105 years old when it would still be the case that Seth was 105 years old when Enosh was born, according to a simple reading of the text. Enosh was born, according to a simple reading of the text. Thus, genealogy and chronology are distinct problems with Thus, genealogy and chronology are distinct problems with distinct characteristics. They ought not to be confused.” (“The distinct characteristics. They ought not to be confused.” (“The Biblical Chronology Question,” Biblical Chronology Question,” Creation Social Sciences and Creation Social Sciences and Humanities QuarterlyHumanities Quarterly, Winter, 1979/1980, p. 12), Winter, 1979/1980, p. 12)

Historicity Of GenesisHistoricity Of Genesis

Jesus’ genealogy to Adam (Lk. 3:23-38)Jesus’ genealogy to Adam (Lk. 3:23-38)

Adam’s sin (Rom. 5:12ff; 1 Cor. 15:22, 45)Adam’s sin (Rom. 5:12ff; 1 Cor. 15:22, 45)

Consequences of first sin (1 Tim. 2:12ff; 2 Cor. Consequences of first sin (1 Tim. 2:12ff; 2 Cor. 11:3)11:3)

Curse on ground (Rom. 8:19ff)Curse on ground (Rom. 8:19ff)

Curse on serpent (Rev. 12:17; Rom. 16:20)Curse on serpent (Rev. 12:17; Rom. 16:20)

Cain’s sin (1 Jn. 3:11-12; Jude 11)Cain’s sin (1 Jn. 3:11-12; Jude 11)


Historicity Of GenesisHistoricity Of GenesisSarah as model wife (1 Pet. 3:1-6)Sarah as model wife (1 Pet. 3:1-6)

First marriage (Mt. 19:3-10)First marriage (Mt. 19:3-10)

Role of women tied to creation (1 Cor. 11:7-12)Role of women tied to creation (1 Cor. 11:7-12)

Abel, Enoch, Noah, Abraham, Sarah, Isaac, Abel, Enoch, Noah, Abraham, Sarah, Isaac, Jacob, Joseph = models of faith (Heb. 11:1-22)Jacob, Joseph = models of faith (Heb. 11:1-22)

Noah & baptism & judgment (1 Pet. 3:20-21; Noah & baptism & judgment (1 Pet. 3:20-21; Mt. 24:37-39)Mt. 24:37-39)

Enoch & godliness (Jude 14-15)Enoch & godliness (Jude 14-15)



Jacob & Esau & election (Rom. 9:10-13)Jacob & Esau & election (Rom. 9:10-13)

Esau & godless impenitence (Heb. 12:15-17)Esau & godless impenitence (Heb. 12:15-17)

Melchizedek & Christ’s priesthood (Heb. 5:5-Melchizedek & Christ’s priesthood (Heb. 5:5-10; 6:20; 7:1ff)10; 6:20; 7:1ff)

Abraham & justification by faith (Rom. 4:1ff)Abraham & justification by faith (Rom. 4:1ff)

Promises to Abraham & redemption (Gal. 3:1ff; Promises to Abraham & redemption (Gal. 3:1ff; 4:21ff) 4:21ff)


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Jesus Endorsed GenesisJesus Endorsed Genesis

CreationCreation (Mk. 13:19) (Mk. 13:19)

Adam & EveAdam & Eve (Mt. 19:4-8; Mk. 10:6-8) (Mt. 19:4-8; Mk. 10:6-8)

AbelAbel (Mt. 23:35; Lk. 11:51) (Mt. 23:35; Lk. 11:51)

Noah and the floodNoah and the flood (Mt. 24:37-39; Lk. 17:26- (Mt. 24:37-39; Lk. 17:26-27)27)

Abraham, Isaac, & JacobAbraham, Isaac, & Jacob (Mt. 8:11) (Mt. 8:11)

Sodom & GomorrahSodom & Gomorrah (Lk. 17:28-30) (Lk. 17:28-30)

Lot’s wifeLot’s wife (Lk. 17:32) (Lk. 17:32)

Kevin KayKevin Kay

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NT Writers EndorsedNT Writers Endorsed

GenesisGenesisGod’s rest on the 7God’s rest on the 7thth day day (Heb. 4:4) (Heb. 4:4)

The first man AdamThe first man Adam (1 Cor. 15:45) (1 Cor. 15:45)

Adam & EveAdam & Eve (Eph. 5:31; 1 Tim. 2:13) (Eph. 5:31; 1 Tim. 2:13)

The FallThe Fall (Rom. 5:14; 1 Cor. 15:22; 2 Cor. (Rom. 5:14; 1 Cor. 15:22; 2 Cor. 11:3; 1 Tim. 2:14)11:3; 1 Tim. 2:14)

Cain & AbelCain & Abel (Heb. 11:4; 12:24; 1 Jn. 3:12; (Heb. 11:4; 12:24; 1 Jn. 3:12; Jude 11)Jude 11)

EnochEnoch (Heb. 11:5) (Heb. 11:5)

Kevin KayKevin Kay

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GenesisGenesisThe floodThe flood (Heb. 11:7; 1 Pet. 3:19-20; 2 Pet. (Heb. 11:7; 1 Pet. 3:19-20; 2 Pet. 2:4-5; 3:3-6)2:4-5; 3:3-6)

Call of AbrahamCall of Abraham (Acts 7:2-4; Heb. 11:8) (Acts 7:2-4; Heb. 11:8)

Promises to AbrahamPromises to Abraham (Acts 3:25-26; Gal. 3:8) (Acts 3:25-26; Gal. 3:8)

MelchizedekMelchizedek (Heb. 7:1-10) (Heb. 7:1-10)

Sodom & GomorrahSodom & Gomorrah (2 Pet. 2:6; Jude 6-7) (2 Pet. 2:6; Jude 6-7)

Lot’s deliveranceLot’s deliverance (2 Pet. 2:7) (2 Pet. 2:7)

Kevin KayKevin Kay

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GenesisGenesisBirth of IsaacBirth of Isaac (Acts 7:8; Rom. 9:9; Heb. 11:11- (Acts 7:8; Rom. 9:9; Heb. 11:11-12)12)

Hagar & IshmaelHagar & Ishmael (Gal. 4:21-31) (Gal. 4:21-31)

Offer of IsaacOffer of Isaac (Heb. 11:17-19; Jas. 2:21) (Heb. 11:17-19; Jas. 2:21)

Jacob & EsauJacob & Esau (Rom. 9:12-13) (Rom. 9:12-13)

JosephJoseph (Acts 7:9-14) (Acts 7:9-14)

Kevin KayKevin Kay

Genesis & NT TeachingGenesis & NT TeachingPermanence of Permanence of marriagemarriage (Mt. 19:3-6) (Mt. 19:3-6)

Prohibition of Prohibition of cursingcursing (Jas. 3:9) (Jas. 3:9)

Role of Role of womenwomen (1 Tim. 2:12-15) (1 Tim. 2:12-15)

Salvation thru Salvation thru baptismbaptism (1 Pet. 3:20-21) (1 Pet. 3:20-21)

Promises about Promises about Second Coming Second Coming (Mt. 24:37ff)(Mt. 24:37ff)

Promise of Promise of resurrectionresurrection (1 Cor. 15:21-22) (1 Cor. 15:21-22)

Coming Coming condemnationcondemnation of ungodly (Jude 14f) of ungodly (Jude 14f)

End of End of worldworld (2 Pet. 3:3-7) (2 Pet. 3:3-7)

David Watts, Sr.David Watts, Sr. 8080

Antiquity & Internal EvidenceAntiquity & Internal Evidence

Divine names Divine names used only in Genesisused only in Genesis

Patriarchal names Patriarchal names used only in Genesisused only in Genesis

Place names Place names found only in Genesisfound only in Genesis

““Angelology”Angelology”

Unique practices Unique practices only in Genesisonly in Genesis

Would-be Would-be anachronismsanachronisms


Patriarchal Family LifePatriarchal Family Life

AdoptionAdoption of an heir of an heir verifiedverified

Barren woman using Barren woman using surrogatesurrogate verified verified

Adoption of son-in-law Adoption of son-in-law as legal heir verifiedas legal heir verified

Long-distance Long-distance marriage arrangements marriage arrangements verifiedverified

Sale of birthrights Sale of birthrights confirmedconfirmed

Deathbed blessings Deathbed blessings verifiedverified


PatriarchalPatriarchal

Business & LawBusiness & LawSlave prices Slave prices verifiedverified

Treaty or contract forms Treaty or contract forms verifiedverified


Egypt in GenesisEgypt in Genesis

Settlement in Goshen Settlement in Goshen valid only in the valid only in the period represented in Genesisperiod represented in Genesis

Accurate Accurate Egyptian terminologyEgyptian terminology

Accurate portrait of Accurate portrait of Egyptian ideals, Egyptian ideals, culture, lifestyleculture, lifestyle



Walter Kaiser: “Gn 1-11, according to my own rough count, contains sixty-four geographical names, eighty-eight personal names, forty-eight generic names and twenty-one identifiable cultural items….Each one of these items has the potential for exposing the text to error, for the names of the material of that day as well as the names of the individuals must be appropriate to the times and places in which these items are located….



Gn 1-11 clearly does not fit into the categories of myth, legend, parable, allegory, fairy tale, typology or saga…. Gn 1-11 is totally reliable and trustworthy when judged by the written claims of the author and judged according to the literary conventions of the day in which that author wrote.” (The Old Testament Documents: Are They Reliable & Relevant?, 82-83)


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If We Reject Genesis….If We Reject Genesis….

We Must Reject The BibleWe Must Reject The Bible

Kevin KayKevin Kay

Structural KeysStructural Keys

““TolToleedot” statementsdot” statements

GeographyGeography

Seed PromiseSeed Promise

CovenantCovenant

EmphasisEmphasis


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““Generations” Of Generations” Of GenesisGenesis

Heavens & EarthHeavens & Earth (2:4ff)(2:4ff)

AdamAdam (5:1ff) (5:1ff)

NoahNoah (6:9ff) (6:9ff)

Sons Of NoahSons Of Noah (10:1ff)(10:1ff)

ShemShem (11:10ff)(11:10ff)

TerahTerah (11:27ff) (11:27ff)

IshmaelIshmael (25:12ff) (25:12ff)

IsaacIsaac (25:19ff) (25:19ff)

EsauEsau (36:1ff, 9ff) (36:1ff, 9ff)

JacobJacob (37:2ff) (37:2ff)

Kevin KayKevin Kay

““Generations” Of Generations” Of GenesisGenesis

Provide an Provide an overall structure overall structure to the bookto the book

ConnectConnect the individual stories the individual stories

Mark Mark turning points turning points or or major transitionsmajor transitions

Emphasize & reiterate the theme of the Emphasize & reiterate the theme of the promised seedpromised seed


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Gen

. 1-1

1

Gen. 12-36

Gen. 37-50

Cloyce SuttonCloyce Sutton

Seed PromiseSeed Promise

To serpentserpent (Gen. 3:15)

To AbrahamAbraham (Gen. 12:1ff; 13:14-17; 15:1-20; 17:1-21; 22:1-19)

To IsaacIsaac (Gen. 26:1-5, 23f)

To JacobJacob (Gen. 28:13-17; 32:24-32; 35:1, 9-12; 46:1-4)


An Outline Of GenesisAn Outline Of GenesisPrimeval HistoryPrimeval History

(Gen. 1-11)(Gen. 1-11)

CreationCreation (Gen. 1-2) (Gen. 1-2)

The FallThe Fall (Gen. 3)(Gen. 3)

Cain & AbelCain & Abel (Gen. 4)(Gen. 4)

The FloodThe Flood (Gen. 6-9)(Gen. 6-9)

Tower of Babel Tower of Babel (Gen. (Gen. 11)11)

The PatriarchsThe Patriarchs(Gen. 12-50)(Gen. 12-50)

AbrahamAbraham (Gen. 12-25) (Gen. 12-25)

IsaacIsaac (Gen. 25-28) (Gen. 25-28)

JacobJacob (Gen. 28-35) (Gen. 28-35)

JosephJoseph (Gen. 37- 50) (Gen. 37- 50)


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Primeval HistoryPrimeval History(Gen. 1-11)(Gen. 1-11)

(1650 years) (650 years)

(Gen. 3) (Gen. 4) (Gen. 6-9) (Gen. 11)(Gen. 1-2)

Kevin KayKevin Kay

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The PatriarchsThe Patriarchs(Gen. 12-50)(Gen. 12-50)

(215 years)

Abraham

Gen. 12-25

Isaac

Gen. 25-28

Jacob

Gen. 28-35

Joseph

Gen. 37-50

Kevin KayKevin Kay

Reading Biblical NarrativeReading Biblical Narrative

Top Level: Top Level: God’s universal plan to redeem man God’s universal plan to redeem man (creation, sin, redemption, incarnation, sacrifice)(creation, sin, redemption, incarnation, sacrifice)

Middle Level: Middle Level: Story of Israel (call of Abraham, Story of Israel (call of Abraham, seed promise, land promise, patriarchs, Egyptian seed promise, land promise, patriarchs, Egyptian enslavement, Exodus, Sinai, Monarchy, Exile, etc.)enslavement, Exodus, Sinai, Monarchy, Exile, etc.)

Bottom Level: Bottom Level: Individual stories (100s of people Individual stories (100s of people throughout Biblical history)throughout Biblical history)


Elements of the StoryElements of the Story

SceneScene

PlotPlot

Point of viewPoint of view

CharacterizationCharacterization

SettingSetting

DialogueDialogue

Key wordsKey words

StructureStructure


Reading Biblical NarrativeReading Biblical Narrative

Not stories about people but about Not stories about people but about what God what God diddid to and through those people to and through those people

Not allegories Not allegories or stories filled with hidden or stories filled with hidden meaningsmeanings

OT narratives OT narratives do not do not always always teach directlyteach directly

Each episode Each episode does not does not necessarily have necessarily have a a moralmoral all its own all its own


Interpretive IssuesInterpretive Issues

““Day” Day” in Gen. 1in Gen. 1

Function of the Function of the genealogiesgenealogies (Gen. 5 & 11) (Gen. 5 & 11)

““Sons of God” Sons of God” (Gen. 6)(Gen. 6)

Extent of Extent of floodflood (Gen. 6-8) (Gen. 6-8)

Ungodly behavior Ungodly behavior of heroesof heroes

RelationRelation to other portions of Scripture to other portions of Scripture


Interpretative PrinciplesInterpretative Principles

OT narrative does not usually teach a doctrine (cf. Gen. 1:27; 2:24 & Mt. 19:3-6; Ex. 3:6 & Mt. 22:31-32)

OT narrative usually illustrates a doctrine taught elsewhere

Narratives record what happened, not necessarily what should have happened


Interpretative PrinciplesInterpretative Principles

People in narratives do not always behave the way they should

Sometimes the narrative does not tell us if something is good or bad

Narratives are always selective and incomplete

Narratives are not written to answer all our questions

Ultimately, God is the hero of every story


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E

N

M

I

T

Y

You [Satan] (Rev. 12:9; 20:2)

The woman [Eve] (2 Cor. 11:3)

Your seed [Wicked] (Jn. 8:44; 1 Jn. 3:8, 10)

Her seed [Righteous] (1 Jn. 3:10)

You shall bruise His heel [The crucifixion] (Lk. 22:53; Jn. 14:30)

He shall bruise your head [The crucifixion & resurrection] (Jn. 12:27-33; Col. 2:13-15; Heb. 2:14-15)

Genesis 3:15Genesis 3:15

Kevin KayKevin Kay

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Gen. 3:15: Gen. 3:15: ““And I will put enmity Between And I will put enmity Between you and the woman, And between your you and the woman, And between your seed and her Seed; seed and her Seed; He shall bruise your He shall bruise your head, And you shall bruise His heelhead, And you shall bruise His heel.”.”

Gen. 12:3: Gen. 12:3: ““I will bless those who bless I will bless those who bless you, And I will curse him who curses you; you, And I will curse him who curses you; And And in you all the families of the in you all the families of the earth shall be blessedearth shall be blessed.”.”

Messianic PropheciesMessianic Prophecies

Kevin KayKevin Kay

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Gen. 22:18: “Gen. 22:18: “In your seed all the In your seed all the nations of the earth shall be blessednations of the earth shall be blessed, , because you have obeyed My voice.”because you have obeyed My voice.”

Gen. 49:10: Gen. 49:10: ““The scepter shall not depart The scepter shall not depart from Judah, Nor a lawgiver from between from Judah, Nor a lawgiver from between his feet, his feet, Until Shiloh comesUntil Shiloh comes; And to Him ; And to Him shall beshall be the obedience of the people.” the obedience of the people.”

Messianic PropheciesMessianic Prophecies

Kevin KayKevin Kay

Before The Beginning Introduction To Genesis 1 Cloyce Sutton.

Documents

Transcript of Before The Beginning Introduction To Genesis 1 Cloyce Sutton.