Bedrock Geology Map of the Wolfville-Windsor Area, …...L@-gd E#Hh/l E#Hh/l E#Wwq E#Wm `%Mh L@-slmg...
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Transcript of Bedrock Geology Map of the Wolfville-Windsor Area, …...L@-gd E#Hh/l E#Hh/l E#Wwq E#Wm `%Mh L@-slmg...
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70
2720
4573
15
80
12
10
10
55
45
30
45
35
15
10
35
65
60
40
20
60
3540
35
35
22
15
70
47
6270
10
13
60
30
30
33
65
10
42
25
70
75
14
15
10
1043
35
50
20
40
20
55
40
60
55
50
22
15
65
26
25
10
50
10
40
10
16
15
2215
40
45
15
14
65
35
32
80
80
80
45
55
80
40
10
10
10
15
55
72
50
60
7080
50 60
55
70
80
8080
30
40
40
4545
60
40
4540
4040
60
50
40
40
75
85
12
10
12
12
2568
35
1524
16
1410
12
16
10
80
23
12
2065
30
20
35
7060
80
15
10
40
3540
45
4010
20
10
15
10
10
80
80
8034
20
10
30
55
16
34
40
18
16
12
12
10
12
12
30
10
1810
2414
25
14
22
25
10
65
25
15 65
12
25
40
1412
14
12
70
20
16
12
65
70
35
12
1212
10
10
1212
1412
10
12
18
10
80
75 15
75
12
1280
45
80
25
12
10
65 80
7545
7575
40
60
10
20
12 10
14
1215
22
16
14
1216
22
15
1015
12
12
12
12
12
1012
12
10
10
20
12
12
10
65
80
6080
75
65
70
15
20
80
80
55
10
10
10
14
80
1280
14
15
10
12
12
20
10
5
8
8
10
60
20
40
45
10
70
55
10
75
405040
80
10
5575
65
70
72
40
18
30
62
40
40
33
3515
50
30
45
78
35
40
35
29 23
23
30
1510
3760
30
2035
60
2030
10
A
A'
B
B'
C'
C
Gra
dat
iona
l
Bou
nda r
y
Gasper eau La ke Mo nzogran i te
Sa lmon ta i l La ke Mo n zograni te
Colpit Hill
Fault
Grey Mountain Fault
Gaspereau Valley Fault
Hortonville Anticline
Hortonville Syncline
Stile Park Anticline
Area with Mafic dykes, reported by Fletcher
Blue Beach Fault
Avon River Fault
Dark Quarry Fault Zone
Wentworth Quarry
Dark Quarry Fault
Pesa
quid
Lak
e Fa
ult
Sinkhole, Boyle (1972)
Johnson Cove Thrust
SturgisMine
Multiple Drillholes G64-series CL61-series
Lantz Mine
Miller Creek Gypsum
Windsor Gypsum
Saarberg Interplan Drill holes
Tomlinson Mine Mn Fe
Walton Mine Area:Multiple Drillholes
Walton MineCu Zn Mn Ba Pb Ag
Stephens Mine
Shaw/Churchill MineMn, Ba
Series of northeasttrending fold axis at 25-75 m intervals
Series of northeasttrending fold axis at 50-100 m intervals
H
Area with Mafic Dykes/Sills
Series of northeasttrending fold axis at 25-100 m intervals
FeuchtwagnerMine
H
Macumber, Boyle (1972)
6
S c o t s B a y
M i n a s B a s i n
Horton Bluff
NORTH MOUNTAIN
SOUTH MOUNTAIN
CAMBRIDGE FLATS
ANNAPOLIS VALLEY
Big Bend
ool
McInnis Stillwaters
Titus Dam Stillwater
Thompsons Stillwaters
Mill Lakes
Blac
k Rive
r Lak
e
Little River Lake
AVON RIVER
AV
ON
R
IVE
R
COGMAGUN RIVER
GASPEREAU RIVER
KENNETCOOK RIVER
WEST BRANCH AVON RIVER
Windsor
Falmouth
Wolfville
Kentville
Hantsport
Three Mile Plains
382000mE
383000mE
83
84
84
85
85
86
86
87
87
88
88
89
89
390
390
91
91
92
92
93
93
94
94
95
95
96
96
97
97
98
98
99
99
400
400
01
01
02
02
03
03
04
04
05
05
06
06
07
07
08
08
09
09
410
410
11
11
12
12
13
13
14
14
15
15
16
16
17
17
18
18
19
19
420
420000mE
421000mE
4973
000m
N
4973
000m
N
74
74
75
75
76
76
77
77
78
78
79
79
4980
4980
81
81
82
82
83
83
84
84
85
85
86
86
87
87
88
88
89
89
4990
4990
91
91
92
92
93
93
94
94
95
95
96
96
97
97
98
98
99
99
5000
5000
01
01
02
02
03
03
04
04
05
05
06
06
07
07
08
08
09
09
5010
50105011
000m
N
5011
000m
N
11E/04
11E/05
21H/02
21H/01
21H/07 21H/08
21A/15 21A/16 11D/13
64°W
64°W
45°N45°N
New Brunswick
P.E.I.
SableIsland
Nova Scotia
Atlantic Ocean
Bay of Fundy
Gulf ofSt. Lawrence
60°W
60°W
62°W
62°W
64°W
64°W
66°W
66°W
46°N 46°N
44°N 44°N
Regional Key Map
Nova Scotia Department of Natural ResourcesMineral Resources Branch
Scale 1:50 0001 0 1 2 3 km
Crown Copyright © 2009, Province of Nova Scotia, all rights reserved.
Halifax, Nova Scotia2009
R.G. Moore, S.A. Ferguson, R.C. Boehner and C.M. Kennedy
Open File Map ME 2000-3, Version 2
Bedrock Geology Map ofthe Wolfville-Windsor Area,
NTS Sheet 21H/01 and part of 21A/16,Hants and Kings Counties,
Nova Scotia
Geology was compiled by R. C. Boehner and C. M. Kennedy from maps in reference list (mainly those by R. G. Moore, S. A. Ferguson and L. J. Ham). Minor changes were made to geological boundaries and faults.
Additional geological interpretation and revisions were contributed by S. M. Barr ( Wolfville area), and J. W. F. Waldron (Cheverie area). The geological interpretation for the Walton to Cheverie area should be considered as a work in progress and subject to revision due to lack of data and subsurface uncertainty.
Universal Transverse Mercator Projection (UTM), Zone 20, Central Meridian 63°00' West.
North American Datum (NAD) 1983, CSRS98.
Base and digital data derived from the Nova Scotia Topographic Database (NSTDB). Copyright her Majesty the Queen in Right of the Province of Nova Scotia. The NSTDB is available from Service Nova Scotia and Municipal Relations (SNSMR), Land Information Services Division (LIS), Nova Scotia Geomatics Centre (NSGC), Amherst, Nova Scotia.
Cartography and reproduction by Nova Scotia Department of Natural Resources, Geoscience Information Services Section, 2009.
Symbol orientation relative to grid north; approximately 1° E.
Locations of mineral occurrences and diamond-drill holes were taken mainly from the Nova Scotia Department of Natural Resources (NSDNR) Mineral Occurrence Database and Drillhole Database, respectively. The locations of most, but not all, drillholes wereverified from company assessment information filed with the NSDNR library; in areas of particularly high-density drilling, some ofthe drillhole locations were not verified.
Disclaimer
The information on this map may have come from a variety of government and nongovernment sources. The Nova Scotia Department of Natural Resources does not assume any liability for errors that may occur. This map is intended for use at the published scale of 1:50 000.
100 0 100 km
±
Map Area . . . . . . . . .
NTS Map Sheets . . .
64°30'
45°15' 45°15'
44°54' 44°54'
64°00'
Map Notes
Adams, G. C. 1991: Gypsum and anhydrite resources in Nova Scotia; Nova Scotia Department of Natural Resources, Mines andEnergy Branches, Economic Geology Series 91-1, 293 p.
Bell, W. A. 1929: Horton-Windsor district, Nova Scotia; Geological Survey of Canada, Memoir 155, 268 p.
Bell, W. A. 1960: Mississippian Horton Group of type Windsor-Horton district, Nova Scotia; Geological Survey of Canada,Memoir 314, 58 p.
Boyle, R. W. 1972: The geology, geochemistry, and origin of the barite, manganese, and lead-zinc-copper-silver deposits of theWalton-Cheverie area, Nova Scotia; Geological Survey of Canada, Bulletin 166, 181 p.
Crosby, D. G. 1962: Wolfville map area, Nova Scotia (21H/01); Geological Survey of Canada, Memoir 325, 6p., and GeologicalMap 1128A, scale 1: 63 360.
Felderhof, G. W. 1978: Barite, celestite and fluorite in Nova Scotia; Nova Scotia Department of Mines and Energy, Bulletin 4,464 p.
Ferguson, S. A. 1983: Geological map of the Hantsport area (part of 21H/01); Nova Scotia Department of Mines and Energy,Map 83-1, scale 1:25 000.
Ferguson, S. A. 1986: Geological map of the Gaspereau-Newtonville area (21H/01B); Nova Scotia Department of Mines andEnergy, Open File Map 86-046, scale 1:10 000.
Ferguson, S. A. 1988: Geological map of the New Minas-Canaan quadrangle (21H/01B); Nova Scotia Department of Mines andEnergy, Open File Map 88-024, scale 1:10 000.
Ferguson, S. A. 1990: Geological map of the Sunken Lake-Little River Lake quadrangle (part of 21A/16C); Nova ScotiaDepartment of Mines and Energy, Open File Map 90-008, scale 1:10 000.
Ferguson, S. A. 1990: Geological map of the Black River Lake quadrangle (part of 21A/16C); Nova Scotia Department of Minesand Energy, Open File Map 90-009, scale 1:10 000.
Fletcher, H. 1911: Geological Survey of Canada, Kingsport Sheet No. 84, scale 1: 63 360.
Ham, L. J. 1990: Geological map of Windsor, NTS 21A/16 west half and part of 21H/01; Nova Scotia Department of Mines andEnergy, Map 90-10, scale 1:50 000.
Ham, L. J. and Horne, R. J. 1987: Geological map of Windsor, NTS 21A/16 east half; Nova Scotia Department of Mines andEnergy, Map 87-7, scale 1:50 000.
Martel, A. T. 1990: Stratigraphy, fluviolacustrine sedimentology and cyclicity of the Late Devonian/Early Carboniferous HortonBluff Formation, Nova Scotia, Canada; Doctor of Philosophy Thesis, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, 297 p.
Martel, A. T. and Gibling, M. R. 1996: Stratigraphy and tectonic history of the Upper Devonian to Lower CarboniferousHorton Bluff Formation, Nova Scotia; Atlantic Geology, v. 32, p. 13-38.
Moore, R. G. 1986: Geological map of the Mosherville quadrangle, Hants County, Nova Scotia; Nova Scotia Department ofNatural Resources, Mines and Energy Branches, Open File Map 86-045, scale 1:10 000.
Moore, R. G. 1989: Geological map of the Riverside Corner quadrangle, Hants County, Nova Scotia; Nova Scotia Departmentof Natural Resources, Mines and Energy Branches, Open File Map 89-002, scale 1:10 000.
Moore, R. G. 1989: Geological map of the Newport Corner quadrangle, Hants County, Nova Scotia; Nova Scotia Department ofNatural Resources, Mines and Energy Branches, Open File Map 89-003, scale 1:10 000.
Moore, R. G. 1989: Geological map of the Centre Rawdon quadrangle, Hants County, Nova Scotia; Nova Scotia Department ofNatural Resources, Mines and Energy Branches, Open File Map 89-004, scale 1:10 000.
Moore, R. G. 1993: Geological map of the Cheverie-Lower Burlington quadrangle (21H/01), Hants County, Nova Scotia; NovaScotia Department of Natural Resources, Mines and Energy Branches, Open File Map 93-001, scale 1:10 000.
Moore, R. G. 1993: Geological map of the Cogmagun River-Goshen quadrangle (21H/01), Hants County, Nova Scotia; NovaScotia Department of Natural Resources, Mines and Energy Branches, Open File Map 93-002, scale 1:10 000.
Moore, R. G. 1994: Geology of the Walton-Rainy Cove Brook map area (NTS 21H/01- Z2 and Z4), Hants County, Nova Scotia;Nova Scotia Department of Natural Resources, Mines and Energy Branches, Open File Map 94-022, scale 1:10 000.
Moore, R. G. 1996: Geological map of the Cambridge Cove-Bramber and Red Head map areas (NTS 21H/01- Z1-Z3 and Y2),Hants County, Nova Scotia; Nova Scotia Department of Natural Resources, Mines and Energy Branches, Open FileReport 96-002, scale 1:10 000.
Moore, R. G. and Ferguson, S. A. 1986: Geological map of the Windsor area, Nova Scotia; Nova Scotia Department of Minesand Energy, Map 86-2, scale 1:25 000.
Nova Scotia Department of Natural Resources, 1999: Digital Product 002; Minerals and Energy Branch Mineral OccurrenceDatabase, version 4.
Nova Scotia Department of Natural Resources, 2000: Digital Product 003; Minerals and Energy Branch Drillholes Database,version 2.
References
Geology Legend
64°30'64°00'
CENOZOIC
MESOZOIC
QUATERNARY not differentiated but widely distributed on this bedrock geology map, includes:
CRETACEOUS (Early)
JURASSIC (Early) FUNDY GROUP
TRIASSIC - JURASSIC
CHASWOOD FORMATION
SCOTS BAY FORMATION
NORTH MOUNTAIN FORMATION
RECENT: swamp, stream, tidal deposits and muds with associated rootlet beds, peat and parts of fossil trees
PLEISTOCENE: glacial till and ablation till including gravelly tills with a high stone content, locally distributed, and may rest on the earlier glacial units; glaciofluvial deposits including eskers, kames, kame terraces, deltas and outwash; ground moraine deposits including sandy, silty, clayey till, unsorted and unstratified with a stone content in a great size range. In the Bay of Fundy this unit is called Scotian Shelf drift. Thickness of these units in the region ranges from nil to >30 m.
silica sand, grey and red kaolinitic clay, minor lignite; fluvial sediments near coastal floodplain deposits near the Mesozoic continent/Atlantic Ocean coastal margin. Outcrop localities are known in the gypsum quarry at Miller Creek and McKay Settlement areas, also suspected presence in the recent exploration by Metall Mining in the Goshen area near Walton. Thickness of these in the region ranges from nil to >60 m.
: light coloured interbedded sandstone, limestone and claystone, variably calcareous, with chert and jasperoid replacements of limestone near the base (thermal spring activity), post-volcanic fluvial-lacustrine (thermal spring altered) sediments. Thickness ranges from 8 m in type section up to 369 m in Bay of Fundy (including correlative McCoy Brook Formation in Chinampas N-37 well)
: tholeiitic basalt, massive, columnar and amygdaloidal flows with variable zeolite and silica minerals, rare thin (< 1 m) interflow siliciclastic interbeds, lower and upper flow units typically thick single flows of massive columnar jointed, coarse-grained basalt (up to 190 m) with a middle unit comprising multiple thin amygdaloidal flows. Regionally distributed tholeiitic plateau basalt (Fundy Rift). Thickness is approximately 274 m in the map area, and may exceed 400 m near Digby and in the Bay of Fundy.
playa, fluvial-deltaic, N-37 well).
Stratification is arkosic to orthoquartzitic deposits
760 m, and exceeds 2000 m in the Bay of Fundy.
including well developed fining
deposition. Thickness exceeds 300 m well understood due in part to lack of outcrop and
spore assemblages.
(e.g. drillhole HC-1 near Clarkesville) occur marine to variably saline
and lithologically Tennycape Formation are now
Meander River, Avon, Brooklyn Station, Herbert the Windsor Group. Thickness in the region ranges from 185 m
in the northern part of the Shubenacadie Basin).
of limestone members: Lebreau Group. Approximate thickness
but stratigraphicallyorder: St. Croix Limestone, Phillips
Limestone, carbonate deposition characteristic of the Windsor Group.
RC 85-1 near of carbonate members
McCulloch Dolostone. Depositsapproximately 72 m in the type section and
comprises
available to date evaporite, dominated by halite
nclusions of halite, halite/siliciclastic/carbonate deposition
argillaceousa lateral facies equivalent.
surface outcrop areas. These include Mesozoic siliciclastics and are referred to
the initial (rapid/catastrophic) marine carbonate transgression deposits of the cryptalgal/bacteriolaminite, succeeded by progressively saline marine
Pembroke breccia may locally exceed 35 m.
fine- to coarse-calcareous and siliceous quartz
highly seasonal to increasingly dry climates. Thickness
thin limestoneinterbeds a middle mudrock (shale and
thickness of the Horton Bluff Formation ranges
It comprises thin-bedded with planar to
mudstone and nodular dolostone. Minor Thickness of the upper member of Horton Bluff
'middle member' of and green mudstone and/or siltstone
nodules, fish debris and ostracods. Siltstone is pedoturbated/mudcracked and paleosols are abundant. The following
sub-units were locally mapped: unit with siltstone beds in places and a middle siltstone unit; in the Cheverie to Walton area-the middle member of Horton Bluff Formation is estimated to range from 210 m to 350 m.
member' of grey granule conglomerate,
local plant detritus, medially the section is finer grained and dominated lower member of Horton Bluff Formation is approximately 220 m.
body with peraluminous biotite
granodiorite),
are common (1%)
muscovite and
abundant xenoliths
equivalents. Generally environment. Thickness is
shell/coral fauna.
with light grey arenitelaminated slate; and their contact metamorphic equivalents.
in the type area. Contains mid-late Silurian (Ludlow) fauna.
arenite (orthoquartzite) greyish-white, lenticular bedded, massive
and their contact metamorphic equivalents. Deposition occurred as a
siltstone and minor continental rise to shelf/slope.
metamorphic equivalents. a prograding continental rise to shelf/slope.
rock at 6 sites and in 3 stratigraphic levels),
pre-Quaternary regional unconformity
pre-Cretaceous regional unconformity
disconformity
paraconformity
Geological
the Meguma Group with include the elevation of former formation level units The early lithostratigraphic scheme for early and middle Paleozoic (Cambrian to Devonian) edition until the merits and function of the 1995 Supergroup/Group lithostratigraphic scheme is further evaluated.
(E"c)
(E*Fs)
(E*Fn)
:
TRIASSIC (Late)
LATE CARBONIFEROUS CUMBERLAND GROUP
EARLY CARBONIFEROUS MABOU GROUP (Late Visean)
WINDSOR GROUP (Middle to Late Visean)
HORTON GROUP
LATE DEVONIAN
SOUTH MOUNTAIN BATHOLITH:
ORDOVICIAN-DEVONIAN**
CAMBRO-ORDOVICIAN** MEGUMA GROUP (greenschist metamorphic facies)
UNKNOWN AGE(S):
BLOMIDON FORMATION
WOLFVILLE FORMATION
SCOTCH VILLAGE FORMATION
WATERING BROOK FORMATION
MURPHY ROAD (Green Oaks) FORMATION
PESAQUID LAKE FORMATION
WENTWORTH STATION FORMATION
MILLER CREEK FORMATION
STEWIACKE FORMATION
WHITE QUARRY (Carrolls Corner) FORMATION
MACUMBER FORMATION
CHEVERIE FORMATION
HORTON BLUFF FORMATION
NEW CANAAN FORMATION
KENTVILLE FORMATION
WHITE ROCK FORMATION
HALIFAX FORMATION
GOLDENVILLE FORMATION
(L^Fb)
(L^Fw)
(L#Csv)
(E-L#Mw)
(E#Wmr)
(E#Wpl)
(E#Wws)
(E#Wmc)
(E#Ws)
(E#Wwq)
(E#Wm)
(E#Hcv)
(E#Hh)
(E#Hh/u)
(E#Hh/m)
(E#Hh/l)
(L@-lmg)
(L@-glmg)
(L@-glgd)
(L@-slmg)
(L@-gd)
(L@-mp)
(L&n)
(L&k)
(%&w)
(`%Mh)
(`%Mg)
(md)
: interbedded mudrocks including laminated and cross-bedded red shale, siltstone, fine sandstone. Distal (intra)continental rift basin (arid-aeolian) lacustrine, mudflat (locally gypsiferous) and minor aeolian sediments. Thickness up to 370 m in the type area near Cape Blomidon and 1100 m in the Bay of Fundy (Chinampas
: variably sorted, medium- to coarse-grained brownish red sandstone, pebbly sandstone and conglomerate near the base and minor mudrock interbeds. typically large scale, cross-bedded. Near margin (intra)continental rift basin (arid-aeolian) representative of proximal to intermediate alluvial-fluvial (braided river) and aeolian that grade vertically and laterally with the overlying Blomidon Formation. Thickness reported up to 360 m near Cape Blomidon but is probably nearly
: grey, blue-grey and grey-green sandstone (buff weathering) with minor red to red-brown sandstone, interstratified with red and minor grey mudrocks siltstone, shale and fine sandstone, rare thin coal and variable plant debris in channel sandstone lag. Sandstone is medium-grained, variably stratified, cross-bedded, with locally upward channels, basal units are locally polymictic paraconglomerate. Continental fluvial floodplain deposits representative of braided river and wet to dry floodplain in the eastern part of the map area, near the Scotch Village type area. The stratigraphy, age and distribution of the Scotch Village Formation are not subsurface data. The age of the strata assigned to the Scotch Village Formation ranges from Namurian to mid-Westphalian based on
: light to medium grey, green-grey and minor red mudrocks especially in the upper part. Interbeds of gypsum, anhydrite and, locally, rare salt near the base. Mudrocks comprise variably calcareous and poorly stratified shale, siltstone and fine sandstone. Deposits represent the evaporitic continental lacustrine deposition characteristic of the Windsor and Mabou groups. Thickness in the region ranges from 130 m to more than 250 m.
: red with minor grey-green siltstone and fine-grained sandstone with thin but stratigraphically important (regional and local correlation) distinctive fossiliferous marine carbonates; interbeds of gypsum and anhydrite are also typical minor components. Redbeds in the Walton area formerly referred to as included in the Murphy Road Formation. The following sequence of limestone members in descending order is characteristic: Kennetcook, Wallace Point, River. Deposits represent the highly cyclic continental redbed, shallow marine evaporite and marine carbonate deposition characteristic of to more than 300 m (720 m indicated in the exceptionally thick sections near the type section of the Green Oaks Formation : red with minor grey-green siltstone and fine-grained sandstone with thin marine carbonates including in descending order the following sequence and Pesaquid. Deposits represent the highly cyclic continental redbed, marine evaporite and marine carbonate deposition characteristic of the Windsor is 30 m.
: gypsum and anhydrite, subordinate, interstratified red with minor grey-green siltstone and fine-grained sandstone, rare thin salt, and thin important (regional and local correlation) and lithologically distinctive fossiliferous marine carbonates, and the following sequence of carbonate members in ascending Dimock Limestone, North 60 Limestone. Deposits represent the highly cyclic shallow marine evaporite, continental redbed, and marine Thickness is approximately 45 m in the type section and comprises approximately 61% evaporite, 29% siltstone and 10% carbonate.
: gypsum and anhydrite, subordinate interstratified red with minor grey-green siltstone and fine-grained sandstone, rare thin salt (e.g. drillhole NSDME Riverside Corner), and thin but stratigraphically important (regional and local correlation) and lithologically distinctive fossiliferous marine carbonates, and the following sequence and a siltstone marker bed in descending order: Sanford Limestone, Big Red Siltstone, Chambers Limestone, Belmont Limestone, Mantua Limestone, Fisher Limestone, represent the highly cyclic shallow marine evaporite, continental redbed, and marine carbonate deposition characteristic of the Windsor Group. Thickness is approximately 70% evaporite, 13% siltstone and 17% carbonate.
: thick stratified salt with thin interbeds of anhydrite, and grey-green and red siltstone. The Stewiacke Formation has not been well established in drilling and the presence and general distribution are inferred from very limited drilling and partial intersections only. Deposits represent the highly cyclic and most saline marine with minor anhydrite/siliciclastic/carbonate deposition characteristic of the Windsor Group. Thickness in the region is known to locally exceed 300 m.
: thick stratified nodular to massive anhydrite and gypsum with thin interbeds of limestone, dolostone, and rare interbeds and i variably hydrated to gypsum, locally highly petroliferous. Deposits represent the highly cyclic and least saline marine evaporite, dominated by anhydrite with minor characteristic of the Windsor Group. Thickness known to range from 100 to 300 m
: thin bedded to finely laminated limestone, locally dolomitized and sideritized, light grey to grey brown, pelletal to peloidal fine-grained limestone, variably and arenaceous. A thin Schizodous-bearing orthoquartzite occurs beneath the limestone in the type area near Cheverie. Dark calcareous shale may occur at the base or represent Limestone breccia and conglomerate with variably siliciclastic-rich limestone matrix are locally present near the top of the Macumber Formation in some surface and near breccias represent tectonic and solution breccias derived from the Macumber Formation (and probably parts of the overlying White Quarry Formation), may descriptively as the Pembroke breccia ( ). Thickness of the Macumber Formation ranges from 1 to more than 17 m. Deposits represent Windsor Group in an arid sub-sealevel continental basin. Carbonate laminite, described as a relatively deep water evaporites dominated first by anhydrite followed by halite deposition characteristic of the Windsor Group. Thickness of
: undivided (Tournaisian-locally late Devonian to Early Visean)
: grey-green to minor maroon sandstone, locally granule to pebbly conglomerate, variably calcareous, immature, arkosic, massive to trough cross-stratified, grained, interbedded with similar maroon to minor grey-green siltstone and mudrock with rootlets, dessication cracks and pedogenic features. In the upper part, variably arenite and minor well laminated dark grey micaceous shale are present. Depositional environments include continental alluvial basin (fluvial to alluvial) with ranges from 100 m to 260 m.
: grey to black mudrock including shale, siltstone, grey fine- to coarse-grained sandstone and locally conglomerate, feldspathic to quartzose, minor and nodular limestone. Many previous workers have described (in varying terminology) a three part subdivision comprising: upper and lower sandstone units with siltstone) unit. Depositional environments include continental alluvial basin lacustrine (with possible marine influence), fluvial-deltaic and floodplain. Total from 350 m to more than 525 m, and may exceed 1000 m in the central part of the basin. Note: Internal contacts are subdivisions of Ferguson (1983).
Upper Member : upper coarse member of the Horton Bluff Formation (HBF) which includes the 'upper member' of Bell (1929/1960) and the 'Hurd Creek' member of Martel (1990) and Martel and Gibling (1996). the coarse siliciclastic-dominated section at the top of the HBF and includes light-to medium-grey thick sandstone (quartz arenite), medium- to coarse-grained and medium- to trough cross-stratification. These sandstones are interbedded with fine-grained intervals of grey shale, variably bedded arenceous, micaceous siltstone, greenish-grey
granule conglomerate occurs locally. A distinctive quartzose sandstone unit the 'Glass Sand marker bed' is recognized in the Hantsport-Windsor area. Formation is estimated to be 120 m but may be much thicker in the Cheverie-Walton area.
Middle Member : fine-grained mudrock-dominated member of the HBF and includes the Blue Beach Member of Martel and Gibling (1996) as well as the 'upper division' of the Bell 1929/1960), comprises cyclically repeated thick sequences of grey to dark grey clay shale (fissile), alternating thin bedded grey shale and siltstone, fine sandstone often with associated thin dolostone and limestone in thin beds or kunkur nodules. The fine-grained rocks are often fissile, pyritic, contain septarian quartzose, variably laminated with cross-stratified bedding (locally hummocky). Mudstone weathers dusky yellow and is often in the type area (Hantsport to Wolfville) - a middle shale unit, a middle mudstone a carbonate mudstone unit, a dark grey/black shale unit, and siltstone/shale unit. Thickness of
Lower Member : coarsest member of the HBF and includes the Harding Brook and Curry Brook members of Martel and Gibling (1996) as well as the 'lower division' of the 'middle Bell 1929/1960), near the basal angular unconformity/nonconformity there may be a local thin breccia of underlying basement clasts, the coarse lower sandstone section comprises poorly sorted, kaolinitic, immature, in fining-up sequences, massive to trough cross-stratified, pebbly grey sublitharenite, sandstone is variably micaceous with by interbedded grey siltstone and mudstone, variably laminated, arenaceous and pedoturbated. Thickness of the
South Mountain Batholith plutonic suite in the region is a massive, post tectonic, late Devonian (approximately 370 Ma) composite granitoid composition and includes granodiorite, monzogranite, leucomonzogranite and leucogranite comprising the following major pluton in the map area: Scrag Lake (biotite monzogranite,
Salmontail Pool (biotite monzogranite) and Five Mile Lake (granodiorite). .
GOLD RIVER LEUCOMONZOGRANITE : buff, pink, fine-grained, equigranular, biotite (<2-6%, avg. 4%), muscovite (3-5%) GASPEREAU LAKE MONZOGRANITE : whitish-grey, medium- to predominantly coarse-grained, megacrystic (2-15%), biotite (10-15%), trace muscovite and cordierite, xenoliths
GASPEREAU LAKE GRANODIORITE : same as above, but composition is granodiorite
SALMONTAIL LAKE MONZOGRANITE : whitish-grey, fine- to coarse-grained, variable texture (seriate, megacrystic 0-10%), predominantly megacrystic, biotite (12-15%), trace cordierite, xenoliths are common (1%)
GRANODIORITE : bluish-grey, medium- to coarse-grained, megacrystic (5-10%), biotite (13-15%), trace muscovite, xenoliths are common (1%)
MAFIC PORPHYRY : light brown, dark brownish-grey, fine-grained, porphyritic with phenocrysts of quartz, plagioclase, alkali feldspar, biotite (12-20%), trace muscovite, contains
: interstratified sequence of tuff, basalt, siltstone, breccia, fossiliferous marine limestone, slate, and minor conglomerate; and their contact metamorphic poorly exposed in the map area but has been better defined in recent drilling by NSDNR. Deposition occurred as part of subaqueous volcaniclastic marine basin approximately 300 m in the type area. Note: Internal contacts are subdivisions of P. K. Smith (personal communication, 1999). Contains a middle-?late Silurian
: sequence of grey slate and minor volcaniclastics with rare dark limestone; comprises a thin lower section of dark grey, slightly silty, massive slate laminae overlain by a variably thick felsite , a thick upper section of dark grey slate, and an uppermost section of greenish-grey poorly Deposition occurred as part of an anoxic (late Silurian?) deeper marine shelf environment. Thickness is approximately 490 m
: interstratified sequence of slate and sudordinate siltstone, quartzite and volcanic rocks; in the type area it is dominated by an upper and lower quartz separated by a medial grey slate section and at the base a section of interbedded bioturbated shale, siltstone and quartz arenite; the supermature sandstones are to faintly bedded in packages 15-40 m thick with thin intercalated siltstone at the top; the slate is dark grey, silty, coarsens upward with siltstone; transgressive-regressive cycle in a shallow marine shelf environment. Thickness approximately 100 m in the type area.
: interstratified sequence of massive to finely laminated dark grey to black slate (lower), red and grey slate (upper), minor medium- to light-grey to green-grey quartz wacke, rare diamictites; and their contact metamorphic equivalents. Deposition represents a deep marine fan (upper- to mid-fan) mudrock turbidite on prograding Thickness may exceed 2000 m. Contains early Ordovician graptolites and acritarchs.
: interstratified sequence of greenish-grey greywacke, massive to thickly bedded, poorly stratified; and minor interbedded slate; and their contact Deposition represents a deep marine abyssal plain fan, sand-dominated turbidite adjacent to the deposition area of the mudrock-dominated Halifax Formation on Thickness in the region may exceed 1000 m. Contains sparse late Cambrian to early Ordovician biota.
MAFIC SILLS and DYKES : Mafic sills and dykes associated with periods of intrusive and extrusive activity throughout the geological column:(a) post-Early Carboniferous: mafic dykes/sills intrude lower Carboniferous strata. Locally post-dates the Horton Bluff Formation at: Johnson Cove (intensely altered New Cheverie Rd. and Grey Mountain. (b) Cambrian to Silurian?: mafic dykes/sills intrude Halifax Formation.
conformable gradational contact
regional Mesozoic angular unconformity-nonconformity
concordant disconformity to angular unconformity
conformable contact
disconformity, locally a structural break
locally a structural break
disconformity, locally a structural break (e.g. Kennetcook Thrust/ Dark Quarry Fault Zone)
interstratified vertical and lateral gradational interstratified contact with White Quarry Formation inferred, locally a structural break (e.g. Kennetcook Thrust)
interstratified vertical contact with Macumber Formation, dissolution truncation contact with local Pembroke breccia, contact locally a structural break (e.g. Kennetcook Thrust)
concordant contact, local/regional disconformity
concordant contact, local disconformity
regional Acadian angular unconformity/nonconformity
regional intrusive contact with Goldenville, Halifax, White Rock, Kentville and New Canaan formations with consequent contact metamorphism aureole varying from tens to hundreds of m
* percentages based on visual model estimates
concordant conformable contact
concordant conformable contact
concordant contact, local/regional disconformity/angular unconformity
concordant conformable contact
intrusive contact with South Mountain Batholith granitoid rocks-stratigraphic contact relationship not exposed
** A new lithostratigraphic scheme for early and middle Paleozoic (Cambrian to Devonian) strata in the Meguma Zone has been recently published by Schenk (1995) in the Society of America, Decade of North American Geology (DNAG) series, Volume F-1 p. 261-277 and 367-383. In summary, two supergroups were identified: (1) Meguma Supergroup as an elevation of consequent elevation of former formations (e.g. Goldenville, Halifax) to group status; and (2) the introduction of the Annapolis Supergroup to
including the White Rock, Kentville, New Canaan and Torbrook to form the constituent groups. strata in the Meguma Zone has been retained for use in this geological map
Supplementary Sources Used in Legend
PALEOZOIC
E#Wp
(L@-E#H)
Geological Society of America, DNAG series, Volume F-1 p. 261-277 & 367-383: Schenk (1995) Lexicon of Canadian Stratigraphy, Volume VI, Atlantic Region: Williams et al. (1985) Nova Scotia Department of Mines and Energy, Geological Map 90-10, Windsor: Ham (1990)
units
E*Fs
L^Fb
L^Fw
E-L#Mw
E#Wmr
E#Wpl
E#Wws
E#Wmc
E#Ws
E#Wwq
E#Wm
L@
-E#
H
E#Hh/u
E#Hh/m
E#Hh/l
L@-lmg
L@-glmg
L@-glgd
L@-slmg
L@-gd
L@-mp
L&n
L&k
%&w
`%Mh
`%Mg
E#Hcv
L#Csv
E"c
E*Fn
Highly simplified diagrammatic representation of the geological map units in the Wolfville and Windsor area.
Meguma Group
Goldenville Formation
Halifax
Formation
Goldenville Formation
Meguma Group
Meguma Group
South
Mountain Batholith
South
Mountain Batholith
Halifax
Formation
HalifaxFormation
Musquodoboit
Batholith
Wolfville Formation
Blomidon Fm.North Mountain
Fm.
Scots Bay Fm.
NewCanaan
Fm.
KentvilleFm.
White Rock Fm.
Projected Mesozoic
Unconformity Chaswood Fm.
8
Cheverie Formation
Kennetcook Thrust Fault
8
Upper Horton Bluff Formation
Middle Horton Bluff Formation
Lower Horton Bluff Fm.
Cheverie Formation
Dark Quarry Fault Zone
Miller Creek Formation
Stewiacke Formation
White Quarry Formation
Macumber Fm.Coldstre
am
Formation
CarrollsCorner
Fm.
MacDonald Road FormationWentworth Station Formation
Pesaquid Lake Formation
Murphy Road Formation
Watering Brook Fm. Watering Brook Fm.
Scotch Village Fm.
Salem-AdmiralRock Thrust
8
Green Oaks Formation
Chaswood Formation
8 8
Gays RiverFormation
8 ColdstreamFormation
8
8
Gays River Fm.
8
Meaghers
Grant F
ormatio
n
Fundy Basin Kennetcook(Windsor) Basin
ShubenacadieBasin
MusquodoboitBasin
Rawdon Fault
8
Rawdon Block
Jul 10, 2009
Probably Halifax Formation of the Meguma Group, with possible White Rock,Kentville, New Canaan formations at the north end of the cross-section.
Gaspereau LakeGranodiorite
Gra
datio
nal B
ound
ary
Gaspereau LakeMonzogranite
Salm
onta
il La
keM
onzo
gran
ite
A'A 500 m
0 m
-500 m
-1000 m
-1500 m
-2000 m
500 m
0 m
-500 m
-1000 m
-1500 m
-2000 m
Salmontail LakeGranodiorite
Gaspereau Lake Granodiorite/Monzogranite
B'500 m
0 m
-500 m
-1000 m
-1500 m
-2000 m
B
Actual Map Area . . . . . . . . . . . .OFMs 96-002, 94-022, 93-001, 93-002 (1:10 000) . . . . . . . . . . . .Maps 83-1, 86-2 (1:25 000) . . . . Map 1128A (1"=1 mile) . . . . . . . Maps 87-7, 90-10 (1:50 000) . . .
Symbols
Quarry (outline) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Area of concentrated drilling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Area of mafic dykes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
100 Series Highway . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Trunk highway . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Collector highway . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Hard surface road . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Loose surface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Resource access road . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Vehicle track . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Railway (active, inactive) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .County boundary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Rivers, streams, coastline . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transmission lines (multi, single) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Lakes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1 Note: Geological contacts within named units represent contacts between individual member units and marker beds; refer to Ferguson (1983).
333
4
102
! !
! !! !
Outcrop . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Bedding (inclined, vertical, tops unknown, overturned) . . . . . . . . . Cleavage (inclined, vertical) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Foliation, generally feldspar phenocrysts, locallybiotite (inclined, vertical) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Paleoflow (number indicates number of measurements) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Lineations (fold axis, lineations derived from bedding-cleavage intersection) . . .Glacial striations (ice flow direction unknown) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Glacial striations (direction known, #'s indicate relative age, 1 being older) . . . Diamond-drill hole (number is the drill company's from NSDNR Mineral Resource Branch DP003 - see references) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Quarry (active, abandoned) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Abandoned mine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Mineral occurrence (commodities indicated at top; number on bottom refers to NSDNR Mineral Resource Branch DP002 - see references) . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Karst topography . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Fossil locality . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Trace of anticline, syncline . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Fault (high angle, thrust, approximate or assumed) . . . . . Geological contact1 (approximate or assumed) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
((
10
1 2
Ì Ì Î Î
C500 m
0 m
-500 m
-1000 m
-1500 m
-2000 m
C'
500 m
0 m
-500 m
-1000 m
-1500 m
-2000 m
Rainy C
ove schematic
representation - area w
ith overturned fold
Structure in the folded and faultedH
orton Group is show
n schematically
??
?
?
Kennetcook Thrust FaultStructure in the folded and faulted
Windsor G
roup is shown schem
atically
Interpretation below 500 m
is highly speculative
This area probably includes some W
atering Brook Form
ation
?? ?
?? Fault Zone
6
6E#
Hh/u
E#
Hh/m
E#
Hh/l
L#C
csv
L#C
csv
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