bedharak news may issue-2013

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RNI NO. DELHIN/2010/32012

Ph.: 9266990078, 9717580686 E-mail : [email protected]

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Mob.: 9266990078, 9717580686E-mail:[email protected]

[email protected] Blog :bedharaknews.blogspot.com

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E-mail: [email protected] [email protected] : bedharaknews.blogspot.com

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cs/M+d dye ls-----laikndh;

E-mail us: [email protected]

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bl ckr dks ckck lkgsc MkW-vacsMdj u vPNh rjg le>k vkSj os bl O;oLFkk ds f[kykiQ yxkrkj la?k"kZ djrs jgsA varr%os vius djksMksa vuq;kf;;ksa ds lkFk (v'kksd fot; n'keh ds fnu)14 vDVwoj] 1956 dks ekuorkoknh ,oa lerkoknh /Ee¶ckS¼ /Ee¸ esa nhf{kr gq,A mUgksaus dgk fd cq¼ /Ee dks Lohdkj djuk vkSj vekuoh;] fo"kerkoknh] iqjksfgroknh] bZ'ojoknh/eZ dks udkjuk vius vki esa cgqr gh egRoiw.kZ gSA eSa fgUnw /eZ ij csdkj gh vkjksi ugha yxkrkA bl ikie;h /eZ esa fdlhdk m}kj ugha gks ldrkA ;g /eZ izk;% u"V gks pqdk gSA blesa dksbZ tku ugha gSA mUgksus ;g vkÞoku fd;k fd lalkj dkm}kj ckS¼ /Ee ls gh gksxkA lalkj esa tc rd U;k; dks LFkku ugha feysxkA rc rd 'kkfUr LFkkfir ugha gks ldrhA

ckck lkgsc MkW vacsMdj dk ckS¼ vkanksyu dbZ lanHkksaZ cgqr gh egRoiw.kZ gSA mlh izdkj bl vkanksyu ds dbZ egyw gaSAvkt ds lanHkZ esa bu lHkh igyqvksa dh ppkZ gksuk cgqr gh t:jh gSA MkW- vacsMdj }kjk vius yk[kksa] djksMksa vuq;kf;;ksa dslkFk ckS¼ /Ee dks viukus ds 57 o"kZ iwjs gks pqds gSaA ge yksxksa dks bl ckr ij Hkh fopkj djuk t:jh gS fd cq¼ /Eeviukdj fiNys 56 o"kksaZ esa uo ckS¼ksa usa D;k ik;k gS \ ckck lkgsc ds egkifjfuokZ.k ds ckn cq¼ /Ee vkanksyu dks dgkard vkxs c<k;k gS\ vkt bl vkanksyu dh fLFkfr D;k gS\ vkSj dy ;kfu fd vkus okys n'kdksa esa bl vkanksyu dk :i D;kjgsxk\ vkfn lokyks ij ge yksxksa dks xEHkhjr k ls lkspus dh t:jr gSA D;ksafd MkW-vacsMdj dk ;g cq¼ /Ee vkanksyu Hkkjrh;lekt dk lkekftd&lkaLÑfrd&/kfeZd Økafr dk vkanksyu gksus ds lkFk gh Hkkjrh; lekt O;oLFkk esa cqfu;knh ifjorZu ykusdk vkanksyu gSA eryc ;g fd ;g cq¼ dk vkanksyu dk ije è;s; Hkkjrh; lekt esa O;kIr tkfr O;oLFkk] vNwriu ,oafo"kerkoknh O;OkLFkk dks ifjofrZr dj lerkoknh O;oLFkk dks LFkkfir djuk gSA

vkt tc ge /ekZUrfjr ckS¼ vkSj fgUnw nfyr fiNMh tkfr ds yksaxksa dks ns[krs gSa rks ckS¼ksa dh ekufldrk vkSj fgUnwnfyr fiNMh tkfr ds yksxksa dh ekufldrk esa cgqr cMk iQdZ fn[kkbZ nsrk gSA ckS¼ksa esa Lora=krk dk vglkl gS rks fgUnqvksaesa xqykeh dk ,glkl gSA vkt ds ;qx esa thrs rks lHkh gSaA Hkkjr ds lafo/ku us lHkh dks lekurk ,oa Lora=krk dkvf/dkj fn;k gSa] ysfdu ekufld :i ls fgUnw nfyr&fiNMh tkfr;ka Lora=k ugha gSaA MkW vEcsMdj ds ckS¼ vkanksyu dk gh;s ifj.kke gS fd ckS¼ksa esa ,d ubZ psruk] ubZ tkxzfr vkSj Lora=krk dh ekufldrk iSnk dhA vkt ckS¼ yksx okLro esa Lora=krkdk vrqHko dj jgs gS Hkys gh os xjhc]etnwj] esgurd'k Hkh D;ksa u gksA

ifj.kke Lo:i MkW- vacsMdj ds cq¼ /Ee vkanksyu us gh ckS¼ksa dks lekt dh vksj] lalkj dh vksj] thou dh vksj]jk"Vª dh vksj ns[kus dh ,d ubZ n`f"V nh gSA okLro esa Hkkjr gh ugha vfirq lewps lalkj esa Hkfo"; esa ckS¼ /Ee dk Hkfo";mTtoy gS D;ksafd mldk n'kZu vkSj fpUru gh] mldh izfrc¼rk gh ekuorkoknh gSA ysfdu dksbZ Hkh fopkj vius vki yksxksads ikl ugha tkrk] mldks ys tkus okys yksx pkfg,A cq¼ /Ee dks bl rjg ds yksxksa dh vkoL;drk gSA MkW- vacsMdj dh/Ee Økafr dh e'kky ds fy, vkxs dk jkLrk dfVu t:j gS ysfdu vlEHko ughaA

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� MkW- dqlqe fo;ksxh*@dchj dkR;k;u

vusdksa yksxksa us vius&vius erUo; j[ks ;gkard fd mudh vkykspuk lekykspuk;sa HkhgqbZAijUrq] fdlh fo"k; dk Bhd Kku rHkh gks

ldrk gS tc mlesa lacaf/r ijEijk dk BhdKku gksA vkf[kj D;k dkj.k FksA tks mUgksausizpfyr /eks± esa ls ek=k ckS¼ /eZ xzg.k djusdks gh izkFkfedrk nhA mlh izdkj ckS¼ /eZds okLrfod egRo dks ge rHkh le> ldrsgSa] tc mu ifjfLFkfr;ksa dks ge le>saAftUgksaus ckS¼ /eZ dks tUe fn;k gSaA ;gfufoZokfnr lR; gSa fd Hkkjr dk /eZ lnSofgUnqRo jgk gSaA fgUnw /eZ dk Hkkjr esa lclsckn ds lkekftd fopkjksa dk fodkl gSaAoSfnd /eZ ds izpkj ds ckn Hkkjr esa rhu ckj

/kfeZd ifjorZu gq, gSaAoSfnd /eZ czkã.k /eZ esa cnyk vkSj

czkã.k /eZ fgUnw /eZ esa cnykA ckS¼ /eZ dkvkfoHkkZo czkã.k /eZ ds le; gqvk] D;ksafdckS¼ /eZ dk mn; mruk gh egRoiw.kZ Fkk]ftruh dh izQkal ds fy;s izQkal dh egkØkafrAoSfnd f'k{kk ij vkpj.k djuk lgt gSaaA

oSfndksa dh iz/ku iwtk gS ;K djuk vkSj ;Kksaesa i'kq cfy nsus dk izko/ku Fkk] D;ksafd mlle; Ñf"k ;qx Fkk vkSj vk;ks± ds fy;s 'kks/u gh Js"B /u FkkA cfy izFkk ds dkj.koSfnd /eZ fgalk dks izksRlkgu nsus okyk gksx;k vkSj dgk x;k ^oSfndh fgalk&fgalk uHkofr* vFkkZr~ oSfnd ;Kksa ds fy;s gksus okyhfgalk&fgalk ughaA

MkW- vEcsMdj us ckS¼ /eZ D;ksa xzg.k fd;k\

ckck lkgsc MkW- vEcsMdj us tc ukxiqjikou Hkwfe ij 14 vDrwcj] lu~ 1956 dksckS¼ /Ee dks xzg.k fd;k rks fo'o Lrj ij

ckS¼ /eZ gekjs thou n'kZu gS] ;g dyk gS] foKku gS] euksfoKku gS vkSj O;fDr dks dkS'kyvkSj Li/kZ Hkh fl[kkrk gSA ;g O;fDr dks LiQwrZ djus okyk ,slk /eZ gS tks vkfn esa dY;k.kdkjh] eè;esa dY;k.kdkjh vkSj vUr eas Hkh dY;k.kdkjh gSA ;g euq"; dks euq"; ds :i esa thuk fl[kkrk gSaA ckS¼/eZ xzg.k djus ckn mlds vuqlkj thuk vuqdj.kh; gS] iz'kaluh; gSA^

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;Kksa esa i'kqcfy dk [kqysvke izpkj gksusyxk ftuds ekal [kk| Fks vkSj ;K djkusokys iqjksfgrksa dh efgek c<+h vkSj czkã.kokndk mn; gqvkAbl czkã.kokn us lekt dks pkj Hkkxksa esa

o.kks± esa foHkDr dj fn;kA czkã.k] {kf=k;]oS'; ,oa 'kwæA o.kZ LFkkiuk djds lekt dksfo"k; cukuk gh czkã.kokn dk mn~ns'; FkkD;ksafd blds fcuk czkã.k&izHkqRo LFkkfirdjuk vlaHko FkkA czkã.kksa us viuh Js"BrkLFkkfir djus ds fy;s dqN ,sls osn ea=kksa dhjpuk dh ftUgsa lqudj os dgus yxs czkã.kczãk ds eq[k ls fudys gSaA {kf=k; Hkqtkvksa ls]oS'; m: (mnj) ls 'kwæ iSjksa ls iSnk gq, gSaAblfy;s czkã.k Js"B vkSj lc o.kks± dk iwT;xq: gSaAfdUrq Hkxoku cq¼ us bldk [kaMu fd;kA

Hkxoku us dgk tSls lc euq"; iSnk gksrs gSamlh rjg czkã.k iSnk gksrs gSaA rc czkã.k dSlsdg ldrs gSa fd os czãk ds eq[k ls fudysvkSj 'kwæ iSjksa ls mRiUu gq,\ tUe ls u dksbZc`iy ('kwæ) gksrk gS u czkã.kAeuq"; deZ ls gh czzkã.k gks ldrk gS vkSj

deZ ls gh 'kwæA blls vkxs Hkxoku cq¼ usdgk&/eZ ogh gks ldrk gS tks ekuo&ek=k dsfy;s dY;k.kdkjh gSaA ftlesa ekuo ek=k dsfy;s mUufr ,oa fodkl ds }kj mUeqDr gksavkSj HksnHkko u gksdj ekuoh lerk gksA ftl/eZ dk ewy fl¼kUr ekuo lekt esa Hksn iSnkdjuk gSaA mls ln~/HkZ ugha dgk tk ldrkAczkã.k /eZ us ekuo lekt esa Hksn mRiUu

fd;kA mlus fL=k;ksa ,oa 'kwæksa ds lkFk cgqr ghrqPNrk dk O;ogkj djuk fl[kk;kA Hkxokucq¼ ds /eZ dk iz/ku y{k.k ekuo lerk gSaAmlesa izR;sd dks viuh cqf¼ ls lksp&fopkjdj fdlh ckr dks Lohdkj ;k vLohdkjdjus dk mins'k dk gSaa fgalk dk ewyksPNsnuvkSj vfgalk dk izpkj mldk ,d eq[; vaxgSaaA fdlh tho dks nsork ds uke ij mRlxZdjuk vFkok mlds vkxs guu djds ;gdguk fd bls LoxZ fey x;k ,slk ckS¼ /eZ us ugha fl[kk;kArFkkxr cq¼ us dkykeksa dks tks mins'k fn;k

mls Lora=k fparu dk ekxZn'kZd ?kks"k.kk i=kdgk tkrk gSaA rFkkxr cq¼ us dgk] gsdkykeksa&1- fdlh ckr dks blfy;s er ekuks fd mls

rqeus Lo;a vius dkuksa ls lquk gSaA

dky dh gh nsu gSA vc iz'u mBrk gS fd tks/eZ bruk Js"B Fkk vkSj tks bruk iQSyk gqvkFkk mldk Hkkjr ls iru dSls gks x;kA bliz'u ds vusdksa mÙkj gSaA fo"k;kUrj ds dkj.kbl ij ppkZ ugha djuk pkgawxkA^dkykUrj* eas czkã.k izPNu ckS¼ ^cudj

ckS¼ /eZ dk mPNsn djus esa yx x, vkSjiqu% czkã.k iqjksfgrksa us viuk opZLo LFkkfirdj fy;kA LokFkZ ds fy;s fl¼kUr Hkh cnyx,A /hjs&/hjs czkã.kokn fiQj ls tksjidM+us yxk tks fd ckS¼ /eZ ds Hkkjr lsiru gksus dk ,d dkj.k cu x;kA czkã.kh'kklukf/dkj dh ,d cgqr cM+h ?kVuk ekS;ZlkezkT; FkkA czkã.k lkezkT; esa ifjorZu gksukgS ftls bfrgklosÙkkvksa us egRo ugha fn;kAoLrqr% ;g Hkkjrh; bfrgkl dh cgqr cM+h?kVuk gSaA T;ksa&T;ksa czkã.kh lkezkT; dh uhaoiq[rk gqbZ R;ksa&R;ksa feF;k] vkM+Ecjksa]:f<+oknh laLdkjksa ,oa vfo|k dks tUe nsuk'kq: dj fn;k iaMs&iqjksfgrksa dk o.kZ iSnk gksx;k ftlus euq dh pkrq;Z o.kZ O;oLFkk dksiks"kus esa viuk Hkjiwj lg;ksx fn;kA {kf=k;ksa,oa oS';ksa rd ls feydj 'kwæksa ij vusdkussdmRihM+u gksuk 'kq: gks x;kA 'kkL=k ,oa 'kkL=kksals oafpr dj xkao ds ,d Nksj ij jgus dksetcwj ,oa foo'k dj fn;k x;kAtkuojksa ls cnrj lywd 'kwæksa ds lkFk gksus

xyk ftlds mnkgj.k euqLe`fr esa feyrs gSaA'kL=k] 'kklu 'kkL=k ls oafpr djus dsu;s&u;s miØe LFkkfir djrs jgs ftllsczkã.k dh loZJs"Brk ij u vkap vk;sAJe.k ijEijk ds vusdksa lar&egkRek vk,

tks /kfeZd@jktuhfrd mRihM+u dj f'kdkjgksrs jgsA ijUrq czkã.kh O;oLFkk dh pwy ufgyk lds 20 oha lnh esa ckck lkgsc MkW-vEcsMdj us vusdksa ;kruk,a >syhaA mu?kVukvksa dksk i<+us Lej.k ek=k ls vka[ksa uegks tkrh gSaA fdruk n;uh; nk:f.kd thouth;k Fkk nfyrksa ds elhgk usAlu~ 1907 esa eSfVªd dh ijh{kk mÙkh.kZ djus

okys Nk=kksa eas Hkhejko vEcsMdj izFke nfyr(egkj) FksA cEcbZ ds nfyrksa us muds lEekuesa ,d lekjksg vk;ksftr fd;k FkkA blvolj ij muds izFke f'k{kd JhÑ".kdsyqLdj Hkh mifLFkr gq, ftUgksaus HkhejkovEcsMdj dks ,d cq¼ pfjr uked iqLrdHksaV dhA ckck lkgsc dk ckS¼ /Ee ds izfryxko ,oa vkLFkk iSnk gksus yxhA

2- fdlh ckr dks blfy;s Hkh er ekuks fd;g ckr ijEijk ls pyh vk jgh gSaA3- fdlh ckr dks blfy;s Hkh er ekuks fd

,slk gh djrs vk;s gSaA4- blfy;s Hkh fdlh ckr dks er ekuks fd

og /eZ xzaFkksa ds vuqdwy gSA5- blfy;s Hkh er ekuks fd og rdZlaxr

gSA6- fdlh ckr dks blfy;s Hkh er ekuks fd

og U;k;laxr gSaA7- vkdkj&izdkj esa lqanj gksus ds dkj.k

Hkh fdlh ckr dks er ekuksA8- vkidks ilan gS] blfy;s fdlh ckr dks

er ekuksA9- ;g ckr fdlh vkd"kZd O;fDr us dgh

gS blfy;s Hkh mls er ekuksA10- ckS¼ ;k tSu fHkD[kq gekjs iwT; gS ;g

ckr mUgksaus dgh gS og lkspdj Hkh mls erekuukAfdlh ckr dks lquks] vkSj ml ij fopkj

djksA tc Lo;a ;g tku yks fd ;s ckrsavdq'ky gSa vFkkZr~ cqjh gSa] ;s ckras nks"k okyhgSa ;s ckrsa tkudkjksa }kjk fuafnr gSaA ;s ckrsaxzg.k djus ij vfgrdj gSa vkSj nq[knk;h gSarks rqe yksx NksM+ nksAgs dkyeks! tc rqe Lo;a tku yks fd ;s

ckrsa dY;k.kdkjh gSaA nks"k jfgr gSa] foKiq:"kksa }kjk ,oa lq[kdj gksrh gSaA rks rqe yksxmUgsa xzg.k djks vkSj lq[k le`f¼ dkthou;kiu djksAbl izdkj Hkxoku cq¼ us dkykeksa dks Lo;a

dj.kh;&vdj.kh; dk fu.kZ; djus dkmins'k fn;k] rkfd os fdlh ds cgdkos vkSjfeF;kMEcj esa u iQal ldsaA os lc brusizHkkfor gq, fd iwjs jkT; ds yksx Hkxokucq¼ ds vuq;k;h gks x,A laHkor;k ;s rdZckck lkgsc ds vUr'k dks izHkkfor dj x;sgksaA ,slk Lora=k fparu fgUnw /eZ esa ns[kus dksugha feyrkAckS¼ /eZ dk vkfoHkkZo vFkok izQkal dh

egkØkafr nksuksa ;qxkUrdkjh egRoiw.kZ ?kVuk,agSaA ckS¼ /eZ ds izknqHkkZo ls igys ;g lkspukHkh laHko ugha Fkk fd 'kwæ Hkh jktk gks ldrkgSa] fdUrq Hkkjrh; bfrgkl ds Kkrk tkurs gSafd ckS¼ /eZ ds vH;qn; ds ckn 'kwæksa dksHkh jkT; flagklu ij vklhu gksus dk voljizkIr gqvk vkSj ns'k esa le&lkekftd fLFkfrmRiUu gqbZA x.kra=k 'kklu iz.kkyh Hkh ckS¼s

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;ksa rks vEcsMdj dk thou lkekftd ojktuhfrd lekurk ds fy;s la?k"kks± dh?kVukvksa ls Hkjk iM+k gSA ijUrq ckck lkgscvEcsMdj dh nks izeq[k ?kVukvksa us vR;UrizHkkfor fd;kA1- egkM+ rkykc ls ikuh ihus esa izos'k dh

?kVuk lu~ 1927 bZloh esa ?kVhA2- ukfld ds dkykjke eafnj eas izos'k dh

?kVuk lu~ 1930 bZlohaA dqÙks&fcYyh tkuojrd rkykc ls ikuh ih ldrs Fks exj vNwroxZ ds yksx ikuh ihus ls oafpr jgrs FksA vNwrdgs tkus okys oxZ dks ukjdh; thou thusdks foo'k dj fn;k x;k FkkA bl ?kVuk dksns[k ckck lkgsc dk Þn; æfor gks mBk vkSjblds fo:¼ vkUnksyu NsM+k vusdksatku&eky dk uqdlku Hkh gqvk vkSj Lo;ackck lkgsc Hkh pksfVy gq;sAnwljh ?kVuk dkykjke eafnj izos'k dh

?kVuk gSaA ftu ewfrZ;ksa dks nfyr f'kYix<+&x<+dj rS;kj djrs Fks ogh izfrLFkkiukds ckn mUgsa Nw rd ugha ldrs FksA ftu eafnjksadk fuekZ.k nfyr jkt feL=kh djrs Fks mUgsa gheafnj izos'k ls oafpr j[kk tkrk FkkA dSlhlkekftd fo"kerk FkhA nfyrksa ds lkFki'kqvksa ls Hkh cnrj vekuoh; O;ogkj gksrkFkkA bu nks ?kVukvksa ls ckck lkgsc dkvUr'k% VwV pyk FkkA mudh laosnuk,a xgjsrd >qyl pyh Fkha vkSj mUgsa brus xgjh Bsligqaph fd ukfld ftys ds ^;soyk* xkao dh,d lHkk esa mUgksaus ;g ?kks"k.kk dj nh fd]^^eSa nqHkkZX; ls fgUnw vNwr iSnk gqvkA ;g esjscl dh ckr ugha FkhA ysfdu fgUnw&jgdje:axk ugha ;g esjs cl dh ckr gSaA bu nkslkekftd mRihM+u dks ns[k ckck lkgsc dseu esa f[kUurk iSnk gks xbZA vNwr oxZ dsyksxksa dks brus ukjdh; thou thus dks etcwj;gka ds euqokfn;ksa us dj j[kk Fkk vkSj tksdksbZ bldh vogsyuk djrk mudk izR;sdLo;a ij mRihM+u gksrkAckck lkgsc MkW- vEcsMdj us fczfV'k 'kklu

eas bu ?kVukvksa ds fo:¼ vkokt mBkbZ blizdkj MkW- vEcsMdj vNwrksa ds m¼kj dsfy;s ,d ekuoh; /eZ dh [kkst esa tqV x,AmUgksaus vusdksa /eks± dk rqyukRed vè;;ufd;k ftuesa ckS¼ /eZ] bZlkbZ /eZ] bLyke /eZ ,oa flD[k /eZ fo'ks"kdj FksAmijksDr /eks± dk vè;;u ,oa euu dus

ij MkW- vEcsMdj bl fu"d"kZ ij igqaps fd

vNwr lekt dks ,d ,sls ekxZ dhvko';drk gS ftlesa Lora=k fparu ,oalerkoknh n`f"Vdks.k ds lkFk fuEufyf[krckrksa ij [kjk mrjsA1- /eZ uSfrdrk ij vk/kfjr gks rFkk dkuwu

dh ifjf/ ds vUrxZr gks] D;ksafd vlekftdrÙoksa dks fu;a=k.k esa j[kuk dkuwu dk dk;ZgSa] ysfdu cgqla[;d yksx lkEiznkf;d thouuSfrd fl¼kUrksa ds vk/kj ij pykrs gSaA vr%/eZ dks uSfrdrk ds :i esa lekt ds 'kkludk izeq[k fl¼kUr gksuk pkfg,A2- /eZ oSKkfud gksuk pkfg, vFkkZr~ /eZ

euq"; ds mQij Fkksik ugha tkuk pkfg,] ogvè;;u Lo:i /eZ dks viuh cqf¼ dhdlkSVh ls Lo;a Lohdkj djsaA3- /eZ dks Lora=krk lekurk vkSj HkkbZpkjs

ds fl¼kUrksa dk ikyu djuk pkfg,A blizeq[k fl¼kUrksa ds vHkko esa /eZ lekt dsfy;s vuqi;ksxh fl¼ gksxkA4- /eZ }kjk xjhcksa dh voLFkk dks ifo=krk

dk ntkZ ugha fn;k tkuk pkfg,A xjhch dks'kqHk ekuuk /eZ dks Hkz"V djus ds leku gSaAcqjkbZ rFkk vijk/ dks c<+kok nsuk gS vkSj bllalkj dks udZ ds leku cukuk gSaA Hkxokucq¼ dks nfjærk ukilan Fkh vkSj Lo;a ckcklkgsc MkW- vEcsMdj dk ekuuk Fkk fdxjhch ,d vfHk'kki gS blesa NqVdkjk ik;kvFkkZr~ bldk mUewyu djuk gj O;fDr dkeq[; drZO; gksuk pkfg,AfofHkUu /eks± dk rqyukRed vè;;u djus

dks ckn dsoy ckS¼ /eZ gh mudh n`f"V esa,slk /eZ jgk tks mijksDr dlkSfV;ksa ij [kjkmrjrk gSa] D;ksafd fgUnw /eZ esa o.kZ&O;oLFkk]deZdk.M] va/fo'okl vkSj NqvkNwr dkcksyokyk FkkA bZlkbZ ,oa bLyke /eZ ds ukeij /eZ ;q¼ gq;s FksA ekuo lagkj gqvk FkkAvkt Hkh dqN bLykfed dV~VjiaFkh ftgkn dsuke ij vkradoknh xfrfof/;ksa esa fyIr gSaAtku&eky ij vk;s fnu geyk gksrk jgrk gSAorZeku lanHkZ esa fo'o 'kkfUr ds fy;s ckS¼ /eZ gh izklafxd gS] D;ksafd bZlkbZ;r ,oabLykfed /eZ ekuorkoknh fl¼kUr dh iwfrZugha djrs FksA MkW- vEcsMdj ,d ,slslkoZHkkSfed /eZ dh [kkst esa Fks tks ^^lCcslÙkk lq[kh gksUrq** o ^olq/So dqVqEcde~**dh uhao ij vk/kfjr gks ftldk mn~ns';Lora=krk] lekurk] ca/qRo o lkekftd U;k;gks rFkk tks izKk] d:.kk o 'khyksa dh izfr"Bk

djrk gks rFkk ekuorkoknh fl¼kUrksa dh iwfrZdjrk gksAckck lkgsc ,d ,sls /eZ dh ryk'k esa Fks

ftldh tM+sa fo'kq¼ Hkkjrh; gksa ftuesamijksDr ckrksa dh iwfrZ gksrh gksA og leLrcqfu;knh rÙo mUgas ek=k ckS¼ /eZ esa ghO;ogkfjd :i ls ns[kus dks feys vkSj mudk>qdko ,oa yxko ckS¼ /eZ ds izfr c<+rkx;kAgkykafd dqN cqf¼thfo;ksa dh ekU;rk,sa gSa

fd rFkkxr cq¼ ds ckn eè;dkyhu Hkkjr esadqN ukephu lar&egkRek gq, tks lekt dsfuEu oxZ ls lacaf/r Fks vkSj mUgksaus nfyrfoeqfDr dh nqnaqHkh ctk;hA bueas dchj]jfonkl] pks[kkey] rqdjke vkfn dk ukefo'ks"kr;k fy;k tk ldrk gSaA ijUrq budhok.kh lkekftd 'kks"k.k dks usLrukcwn djusesa liQy ugha gks ldhA budh vliQyrkvksaij ckck lkgsc MkW- vEcsMdj us viuhvkØks'k iw.kZ 'kSyh esa iSuh fVIi.kh dh vkSjdgk&tgka rd esjk vè;;u gS] fdlh Hkh lar

egkRek us tkfr&ikafr vkSj NqvkNwr ds fo:¼dksbZ lkekftd vfHk;ku ugha pyk;kAekuo&ekuo ds chp ?kfVr gksus okys la?k"kZls ;s lar&egkRek fpafrr ugha FksA os euq";vkSj bZ'oj ds chp laca/ ds fy;s gh fpafrrFks mUgksaus ;g f'k{kk dHkh ugha nh fd lHkheuq"; lekt esa cjkcj gSaA bu lHkh larksa dhok.kh vkSj mins'k bl ckr ij tksj nsrh jghfd bZ'oj dh n`f"V esa lHkh izk.kh leku gSaA;gh /kj.kk gS fd egkjk"Vª ds nfyr larpkS[kkesyk dks foV~By eafnj ds }kj ds ckgjHkh Hktu xkus ds vijk/ esa cSyxkM+h ls cka/dj iksaxkiafMrksa }kjk csjgeh ds lkFk ?klhVkx;kA ;gh ugha ckck lkgsc Lo;a f'kf{krfo}ku gksrs gq;s Hkh bu ik[kafM;ksa ds Lo;af'kdkj cusA nÝrj esa iQkbyksa dks nwj lsiQSaduk] ikjlh }kjk fdjk;s ds edku lslkeku ckgj iQSad nsuk] dkBekaMq ds i'kqifrukFk eafnj esa vNwrksa dks izos'k u djus nsukvkfn izeq[k ?kVuk;sa gSaAoSls rks nfyr eqfDr ds fy;s le;≤

ij vusdksa euhf"k;ksa us vkanksyu pyk;s] ijUrqfdlh vkUnksyu dks f'kn~nr ls pykus okysiw.kZr% lefiZr uke rks ckck lkgsc MkW-vEcsMdj dk gh gSaA ftUgksaus pkrqoZ.kO;oLFkk ls ihfM+r ,oa izHkkfor gksus ds lkFk

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] ebZ ] 2013

9


vius lekt ds djksM+&djksM+ ewd] cf/j cusyksxksa dk nq[k&nnZ vius dysts ls yxk 'kgjrd vuqHkwr fd;kA vkSj mudh tM+ksa ij izgkjdjus dk ikou fpr cuk;kA vkSj nfyrksa dksmudh okLrfod fLFkfr dk lkekftd cks/djk;kAmUgksaus oSKkfud n`f"V ls mldk vè;;u

fd;k vkSj ;g crk;k fd fgUnw lekt dhjpuk ,d Js.khc¼ O;oLFkk gSA bl f?kukSuhO;oLFkk esa fdlh dks viuh thfodk Lo;apquus dh Lora=krk vFkkZr~ vktknh ugha FkhA;gka igys ls gh Js.khc¼ rjhds ls izR;sd o.kZds fy;s dk;Z iwoZ ls fu/kZfjr dj j[ks FksAfdruh ?kkrd lkekftd O;oLFkk Fkh ftldhVhl mUgsa xgjs rd lkyrh jgh vkSj dgk]^^fgUnw /eZ esjh cqf¼ dks tkaprk ugha]LokfHkeku dks Hkkrk ughaA euq"; /eZ ds fy;sugha cfYd /eZ euq"; ds fy;s gSaA tks /eZrqEgkjh euq";rk dk dqN Hkh ewY; ugha ekurk]ml /eZ esa rqe D;ksa jgrs gks\ tks /eZ rqEgsaeafnj esa ugha tkus nsrk] ml /eZ ls rqe D;ksafpids jgrs gks\ tks /eZ rqEgsa ikuh rd feyusugha nsrk ml /eZ esa rqe D;ksa jgrs gks\ tks /eZ rqEgsa f'k{kk izkIr djus ugha nsrk] ml /eZ esarqe D;ksa jgrs gks\ tks /eZ rqEgkjh ukSdjh esack/d curk gS ml /eZ esa rqe D;ksa jgrs gks\tks /eZ rqEgsa ckr&ckr esa viekfur djrk gSml /eZ esa rqe D;ksa jgrs gks\mijksDr ckrksa ,oa ?kVukvksa ls ckck lkgsc

MkW- vEcsMdj Lo;a mRihfM+r ,oa izHkkforgq,] blhfy;s vius ledkyhu le; esa ogLo;a ekufld :i ls mijksDr ckrksa ls muesa,oa vius lekt dks Hkh mHkkjus ds fy;s lrr~la?k"kZ djrs jgs vkSj nfyrksa] vNwrksa dks viusiwoZtksa dk ,sfrgkfld Kku Hkh djkrs jgsAckck lkgsc MkW- vEcsMdj us viuh iqLrdksa

^^('kwæ dkSu Fks\) vkSj (vNwr dkSu vkSjdSls\) dh jpuk djrs le; bfrgkl dkxgu vè;;u djus ij ;g fu"d"kZ fudkykfd vkt ds vUR;t vNwr dgs tkus okysyksxksa us fgUnw /eZ dks pqukSrh nh Fkh rFkk osnksao czkã.kksa dh Js"Brk dks Lohdkj ugha fd;kFkkA yEcs le; rd pys ;q¼ esa czkã.kfot;h gq, vkSj mUgksaus ckxh ,oa LokfHkekuhckS¼ksa dk lkekftd cfg"dkj fd;k rFkk mUgsathou dh leLr lqfo/kvksa ls oafpr djfn;kA bl izdkj gekjs iwoZtksa dks i'kq ls Hkhcnrj thou thus ij etcwj dj fn;k FkkA

vr% ckck lkgsc us ckS¼ /eZ viukdj /eZifjorZu ugha fd;k cfYd vNwrksa dks mudk,sfrgkfld Kku djkdj vius iwoZtksa dkdjksM+ksa&djksM+ksa yksxksa dks /eZ fn;kAfo'o esa vusdksa lkekftd Økafr;ka gqbZ

exj nfyrksa ij gksus okys tqYe vekuqf"kdvR;kpkjksa ij fdlh us [kqydj ppkZ D;ksaugha dh bl tfVy iz'uksa dk mÙkj Lo;a ckcklkgsc MkW- vEcsMdj us fn;k vkSj dgk&^^tc rd tkfr&izFkk rFkk o.kZ Hksn dksiksf"kr djus okyh lukru fgUnw oSpkfjdh dkvUr ugha gksrk rc rd ;gka fdlh Hkh izdkjdh Økafr dk liQy gksuk vlaHko gSaA**MkW- vEcsMdj bl ijEijkxr 'kks"k.k vkSj

mRihM+r ls Lo;a eqDr gks lekt dks Hkh eqDrdjkuk pkgrs FksA bl leL;k dk mUgksauslkekftd oSKkfud dh n`f"V ls xgjk fparufd;k vkSj dgk&^^nfyrksa dh n;uh; fLFkfrdksbZ vkdfLed vFkok bZ'ojh; ?kVuk ugha];g ,d lksph] le>h lkft'k gSA og tkupqds Fks fd bl mRihM+u dk mUewyu laHkogSA blds mik; ds lw=k gSaA mUgksauss f'kf{krcuks] la?k"kZ djks] laxfBr jgksA blh ij mUgksaus^vf/d cy fn;k vkSj /ekZUrj.k vFkok /eZ dh nh{kk dks Lo;a ds fy;s vFkok nfyrksads mUu;u ds fy;s vfUre lkSiku ekukD;ksafd Hkxoku cq¼ dk /eZ iw.kZr;k uSfrdrkij vk/kfjr gSA ;gka vkRek vkSj bZ'oj tSlhfdlh lÙkk dk Hkh dksbZ vfLrRo ugha gS]D;ksafd fgUnw /eZ ds deZdk.Mksa us euq";ksadks vfo|k esa iQalk;s j[kk ^ifj.kkeLo:ifuEu oxZ ds yksxksa us :f<+oknh laLdkjksa dksviuk xguk eku nfyr eqfDr dk ekxZ ekufy;k ftlls lfn;ksa rd nkLrk dh tathjksa lstdM+k jgk vkSj f'k{kk ,oa volj ds vHkkoesa nfjærk dk vfHk'kki Hkksxrk jgk vkSjbZ'oj izkfIr dk ekxZ [kkstus eas gh yxk jgkArFkkdfFkr oxZ buds vKku dk Hkjiwj ykHkmBkrk jgkA ckS¼ /eZ iw.kZr;k oSKkfud ;gkalkekftd lekurk dks egRo fn;k x;k gS ufd deZdk.Mksa dksA ;g lc tkap&ij[kdjgh ckck lkgsc MkW- vEcsMdj us dgk&^^tgkard eSa tkurk gwa ^dsoy Hkxoku cq¼ dk /eZ gh fo'o esa ,d ek=k ,slk /eZ gSa] tksokLrfod /eZ dk lHkh vgZrkvksa dh iwfrZdjrk gSA mudh f'k{kk;sa izkphu gksrh gqbZ HkhubZ gSaA buesa Lora=krk] lekurk vkSj HkkbZpkjsij cy fn;k x;k gSA ckS¼ /eZ esa dsoy

iq:"kksa ds chp gh lekurk dh ckr ughacfYd fL=k;ksa dks Hkh iq:"kksa ds leku ekukx;k gSA ;gka fparu esa ,slh ckrsa gSa ftudkvU; /eks± esa vHkko gSaA**lu~ 1935 esa viuh ,sfrgkfld fgUnw /eZ

NksM+us dh ?kks"k.kk ds ckn mUgksaus fujUrj 21o"kks± rd lHkh /eks± dk xgjkbZ ls vè;;ueuu dj mijksDr ckrksa dks tkukAHkxoku rFkkxr cq¼ ls Bhd 2500 o"kZ

ckn ckck lkgsc MkW- vEcsMdj dks r:.kckS¼ lfefr] dksyEcks }kjk vk;ksftr fo'ockS¼ Hkzkr`Ro lEesyu esa 6 twu] 1950 dkstkus dk volj feyk vkSj viuk O;k[;kufn;kA fo'o Lrjh; lEesyu esa viuk /eZ dsizfr Li"V :[k j[kkA nqfu;k ds ckS¼ksa dhutj vc mu ij iM+hA;gka eSa ,d ?kVuk dk mYys[k djuk

pkgwaxk fdlh cekZ ds lar vjgr~ iq:"k usdgk Hkxoku cq¼ ds /eZ dk Madk fiQjHkkjr esa ctsxk vkSj fiQj laiw.kZ fo'o ,dckj ckS¼e; cusxkA tks /eZ Hkkjr ls yqIrgqvk] og iqu% iQys&iQwyxkAnwljh ckr lu~ 1954 esa cekZ dh jkt/kuh

esa jaxwu ls 7 ehy nwj dok;sa uked LFkku esafo'o /eZ Hkzkr`Ro lEesyu dk rqrh; vf/os'ku gqvk tks Hkxoku cq¼ ds ckn NBhlaxfr FkhA bl laxfr FkhA bl laxfr vFkkZr~lEesyu esa ckck lkgsc MkW- vEcsMdjliRuhd lfEefyr gq,A ftl le; ckcklkgsc lEesyu eap ij Hkk"k.k ds fy;s vk,rks lkjk Hkou 'kkar fuLrC/ gks mRlqd Hkkols mudh vkSj ns[kus yxkAckck lkgsc ml 'kkfUr dks Hkax djrs gq;s

cksys&iwT; fHk{kq la?k rFkk esjs HkkbZ;ksa vkSj cguksa]

eq>s ;g dgrs gq, [ksn gks jgk gS fd eSa mlns'k ds izfrfuf/ dh gSfl;y ls bl fo'ockS¼ lEesyu ds eap ij [kM+k gqvk gwa tksvkt ckS¼ ugha gS] fdUrq iwoZ esa ckS¼ FksftUgksaus nqfu;k dks fn'kk nhA bruk dgrs gq;sckck lkgsc dk daB xnxn gks x;k vkSjvka[kksa esa vklwa Hkj vk, vkSj FkksM+h nsj dsfy;s og pqi gks x;sA Hkkokos'k de gksus ij:eky ls mUgksaus viuh vka[ksa ikSaNh vkSj iqu%Hkk"k.k vkjaHk fd;kA;fn euq"; dks viuk thou lq[kh cukuk gS]

rks mls lnkpkj lerk vkSj ca/qRo dkvoyEcu djuk pkfg,A bls NksM+ vU; dksbZ

10

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ekxZ ugha gSA ckS¼ /eZ esa ;gh ckras fo'ks"k :ils crykbZ xbZ gSa] eSaus bUgha f'k{kkvksa dks vius6 djksM+ vuq;kf;;ksa dks cryk;k gSaAeq>s cM+s nq[k ds lkFk dguk iM+rk gS ftl

ns'k esa Hkxoku xkSre cq¼ dk tUe gqvk] mlhns'k esa muds /eZ dk uke èoLr gks x;kA,slh fofp=k ?kVuk D;ksa gqbZ\ Hkkjr ij czkã.kksaus viuk cgqr o"kks± rd izHkqRo tek;s j[kk gSa]ijUrq eSa czkã.kksa dks pqukSrh nsrk gwa fd dksbZHkh fo}ku iafMr eq>ls ckS¼ /eZ ds eghu lseghu rÙo Kku ij ppkZ dj dlrk gS] eSa mlsijkLr djs fcuk ugha jgwaxkAfdruk n`<+ ladYi fy;s Fkk mudk ikou

euAfdrus xgjs rd /eZ ds rÙoksa dks vuqHkwr

fd;k gksxkA lk/uk dk ykHk gqvk rks eSa Hkkjresa ckS¼ /eZ dk tksjnkj izpkj d:axkA1- yksdlHkk esa jgrs gq, ckS¼ /eZ ds

iquq:RFkku ds fy;s dqN ckrsa dhaaA Hkkjr dslafo/ku fuekZrk ds ukrs mUgksaus ikfy Hkk"kkdks LFkku fn;kA2- jk"Vªifr Hkou esa Hkxoku cq¼ ds 'kklu

dk izFke vkns'k /eZpØ izorZu LFkkfirdjk;kA3- v'kksd pØ dks Hkkjr ds èot ij rFkk

jkteqæk esa LohÑr djk;kA4- fl¼kFkZ dkyst dh LFkkiuk cEcbZ esa

dhA5- vkSjaxkckn esa fefyUn dkyst dh

LFkkiuk dhA6- tks Nk=k cq¼ pfj=k ij loksZÙke ys[k

fy[ksxk mls 1000@ dk iqjLdkj fn;ktk;sxkA ,slk djus dks mudk ek=k mn~ns';Fkk fo|kFkhZ ckS¼ /eZ dk xaHkhj vè;;udjus esa tqVsA bl rjg Lor% gh ckS¼ dkizpkj gksxkA7- cq¼ fogkj LFkkfir djus dh ;kstuk ij

foLrkj ls oDrO; fn;kA ckck lkgsc dhekU;rk Fkh fd Hkkjr esa ckS¼ /eZ dh tM+savHkh lw[kh ugha gSa] D;ksafd ckS¼ /eZ fo'kq¼Hkkjrh; /eZ gS] vkSj Hkkjr dk vukfn lukru/eZ gSaA;g lc dk;Z ckck lkgsc us /ekZUrj.k ls

iwoZ esa fd;s blls Li"V tkfgj gksrk gS ckS¼/eZ dh iqu% LFkkiuk ds fy;s muds eu esa,d fo'kky liuk jgk gksxk] ftlds fy;s ogi`"B Hkwfe rS;kj dj jgs Fks] vkSj liQyrkmuds dne pwe jgh Fkh tcfd LokLF;

yxkrkj fcxM+rk tk jgk FkkAckck lkgsc MkW- vEcsMdj us Hkxoku cq¼

dh 2001 oha t;Urh fnYyh esa igyh ckjfo'kky Lrj ij eukbZA ;gka ls f}rh; cq¼'kklu dk izfr LFkkiu dk ikou volj MkW-vEcsMdj ds gkFkksa yxkAlu~ 1935 esa ;soyk dh lHkk esa fn;k x;k

oDrO; 14 vDVwcj] 1956 dks ukxiqj esa iw.kZgqvkA egkLFkkfoj vkpk;Z paæef.k dslkfUuè; esa cq¼ /eZ dks liRuhd xzg.kfd;k vkSj yk[kksa vuq;kf;;ksa dks cq¼ /Ee esanhf{kr fd;kAckck lkgsc MkW- vEcsMdj us fo"kerkvksa

dh ihM+k dks ftruk >syk mlls vf/d dghamudk lekt mRihM+u >sy jgk FkkA ;ghdkj.k Fkk MkW- vEcsMdj dk O;fDr fgrlekt dk lexz fgr cu x;kA nfyrmRihfM+r dgs tkus okys djksM+&djksM+ yksxksads og elhgk cu x;sAv'kksd fot; n'keh dks /Ee pØ izorZu

fnol ds miy{; eas euk, tkus yxkAtc ckck lkgsc us ukxiqj esa ckS¼ /eZ

xzg.k fd;k rks mlds nwljs fnu 15&16vDVwcj] 1956 dks paæiqj] egkjk"Vª esa HkhmUgksaus yk[kksa yksxksa dks ckS¼ /Ee esa nhf{krdjk;kA mlh fo'kky eap ij 14&15 vDVwcjlu~ 1996 Bhd 40 o"kZ ckn ys[kd dks mlheap ls fo'kky tulewg dks lacksf/r djusdk xkSjo gkfly gqvkA/U; gS ckck lkgsc MkW- vEcsMdj ftUgksaus

lerk] Lora=krk] ca/qRo ds }kj tuekul dsfy;s [kksysA/ekZUrj.k ds mijkUr vusdksa

Vhdk&fVIi.kh gqbZA ckck lkgsc MkW-vEcsMdj us lcdk izfr mÙkj fn;kAge ckS¼ D;ksa cus\ 14 vDVwcj] 1956 dks

v'kksd fot; n'keh ds volj ij ukxiqjdh nh{kk Hkwfe eas fn;k x;k Hkk"k.k 'kks/kFkhZfo|kFkhZ i<+ ldrs gSaA,d iz'u mBuk LokHkkfod gS] tc ckS¼

/eZ bruk O;ogkfjd gS rks ckck lkgsc MkW-vEcsMdj us 22 izfrKk,a D;ksa nha\tks lekt lfn;ksa ls xyh&lM+h ekU;rkvksa

dks viuk xguk le> /kj.k fd;s gq, FkkvkSj bZ'oj dks eqfDr dk ekxZ le> cSBk Fkkmlls NqVdkjk fnykuk nfyr lekt dks vfrvko';d FkkA oks tkurs Fks izfrLFkkfir gksusokyk f}rh; cq¼ 'kklu czkã.kksa ds "kM~;a=kksa

dk f'kdkj u cusA ;gh dkj.k Fkk nfyrlekt dks 22 izfrKkvksa ds vuqikyu djus odjkus ij tksj fn;kA foLrkj Hk; ls vf/dppkZ ugha djuk pkgwaxkAvrhr esa o.kZ&O;oLFkk ds pyrs nfyr

lekt dh gkyr nklksa vkSj xqykeksa tSlh FkhAmUgsa lkspus vkSj mlds vuqlkj dk;Z djusdh vktknh ugha FkhA fdUrq vkt nfyr lektvius ckjs esa fu.kZ; ysus vkSj mls dk;Z :iesa ifjorZu djus esa iwjh rjg Lora=k gSA ;fngekjs iwoZtksa dks ;g Lora=krk gksrh gS rks osvo'; fgUnw /eZ NksM+ nsrsAekS;Z 'kklu dky esa tc mUgsa Lora=krk

feyh rks muesa ls vf/dka'k us ckS¼ /eZ dksLohdkj dj fy;kAorZeku esa Hkh fgUnw lq/kj ls ijs gSa] fgUnw /

eZ esa tc rd tkfr O;oLFkk dk vfLrRo gSrc rd nfyrksa dh leL;k dk dksbZ Hkhfujkdj.k laHko ugha gSA ;fn dksbZlekt&lq/kjd fgUnw lekt ls tkfr O;oLFkkds mPNsn dk nkok djrk gS rks og feF;k ,oaxyr /kj.kk gSaA ,slh fLFkfr esa jgs cps yksxksads fy;s Lohdkj djuk gh] nfyrksa dh eqfDrdk ,d ek=k ekxZ gSaAckS¼ /eZ izR;sd O;fDr ds fy;s fodkl

dk vuqdwy okrkj.k iSnk djrk gSaA blfy;snfyr foeqfDr ds fy;s ;g vfr vko';dcu tkrk gSAyksx ckS¼ /eZ ds ckjs esa fofHkUu /kj.kk;sa

j[krs gSa] gesa muds ckjs esa T;knk fpafrr ughagksuk pkfg, cfYd gesa bl ckjs esa vf/dtkx:d gksuk pkfg, fd ge ckS¼ /eZ dsckjs esa dSlk lksprs gSaAckS¼ /eZ gekjs thou n'kZu gS] ;g dyk gS]

foKku gS] euksfoKku gS vkSj O;fDr dksdkS'ky vkSj Li/kZ Hkh fl[kkrk gSA ;g O;fDrdks LiQwrZ djus okyk ,slk /eZ gS tks vkfn esadY;k.kdkjh] eè; esa dY;k.kdkjh vkSjvUr eas Hkh dY;k.kdkjh gSA ;g euq"; dkseuq"; ds :i esa thuk fl[kkrk gSaA ckS¼ /eZxzg.k djus ckn mlds vuqlkj thukvuqdj.kh; gS] iz'kaluh; gSAvkvks ge lc ckck lkgsc }kjk iznÙk /eZ

dk oj.k djsa vkSj f}rh; ckS¼ 'kklu ds bliqutkZxj.k vkanksyu esa viuh Hkkxhnkjhlqfuf'pr djsaAys[kd nfyr vacsMdjoknh fpard ,oa

lkfgR;dkj gSaA

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] ebZ ] 2013

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/Ee ;kuh izrhR;leqRikncq¼ ds ;gka ,d ?kks"k.kk jkst gksrh gS] cq¼fogkj esa tkvksxs fd yksx dgrs feysaxs] /Ee 'kj.ke~ xPNkfe*A eryc dh /Ee dh'kj.k esa tkrs gSaA /Ee rks nq[k gS] nq[k lukrugS] bruk iqjkuk fd ftruk iqjkuk dqN gks ghugha ldrkA /Ee miyfC/ ugha gS] /Ee ;k=kkdk fueU=k.k gSA /Ee nq[k ls nq[k ds dkj.kksadh vksj dh tkuh okyh ;k=kk gSA pkj vk;ZlR;ksa esa ls nwljk vk;Z lR; gS fd nq[k gS rksnq[k dk dkj.k Hkh gS ;kuh ;g ;k=kk nq[k lsnq[k ds dkj.kksa dh vksj gSA blh ;k=kk dk rksfueU=k.k gS] /Ee 'kj.ke~ xPNkfeA cgqr lsyksxksa rd fueU=k.k dk Loj igqapk gS] cgqr lsyksxksa us og fueU=k.k i=k ugha ns[kk gS fd ftlsHkxoku cq¼ ;k=kk vkjEHk djus ds fy, HkstrsgSaA ;k=kk fueU=k.k dk i=k izrhR;leqRikn dkfu;e gSA okLrfod vFkZ esa tks /Ee 'kj.ke~xPNkfe vkSj nwljk vk;Z lR; fd nq[k gS rksnq[k dk dkj.k gS dk tks b'kkjk gS] ogizrhR;leqRikn dk fu;e gh gSA

izrhR;leqRikn dk fu;e dgrk gS fd gjdk;Z dk ,d dkj.k gS] dksbZ dk;Z ,slk ughagS fd Lora=k gksA dk;Z vius dkj.k ij fuHkZjgSA dkj.k ugha gksxk rks dk;Z Hkh ugha gksxkAnq[k gS rks nq[k dk dkj.k gSA nq[k dk dkj.k,d [kkstiw.kZ ;k=kk gSA blfy, vks'kks us dgkgS fd cq¼ us mins'k ugha fn;s gSA cq¼ funsZ'kugha nsrs gSaA os dksbZ migkj ugha nsrs gSaA cq¼dsoy fueU=k.k nsrs gSA fueU=k.k ;k=kk dk fdvkvks nq[k ls nq[k ds dkj.kksa dh vksj ;k=kkdjksA

izrhR;leqRikn dk vFkZ gh gS fd dk;Z gS],slk tks gks pqdk gS] og vius vki eas Lora=kugha gSA dksbZ izR;; igys ls ekStwn t:j gS]mlh dk leqfpr mRikn gSA cht gS] rHkh rksisM+ vk;kA dkj.k Fkk rHkh rks nq[k vk;kAdkj.k u gksrk rks nq[k dSls vkrkA Bgjh gqbZdksbZ pht ugha] gj pht esa ,d ;k=kk gSA ;k=kkxfr dk uke gS] tgka xfr ugha ogka cklhiugS] vkSj e`R;q ds lans'k gSaA rqe thfor gks rksrqEgkjh ;k=kk xfr dh ;k=kk gSA euq"; dh ihM+kfd nq[k gS] rqEgkjh ihM+k fd nq[k gSA nq[k dkstku ysuk t:j gSA

D;k rqeus dHkh lkspk fd nq[k dgka gS vkSjdgka ugha gSA nq[k dgka gS] lkspus dh t:jr

gh ugha gSA nq[k ls rks jkst dk okLrk gSA ihM+kls jkst lkeuk gSA Dys'k rks dHkh Hkh xykidM+ ysrs gSaA

nq[k dks miyfC/ u cukvksA rqEgkjs iklcq¼ dk fueU=k.k gS u fd /Ee 'kj.ke~xPNkfeA vkvks vkSj vkdj ns[k yks fdfueU=k.k D;k gSA

cq¼ dk fueU=k.k gS%izRkhR;leqRiknAizrhR;leqRikn dks }kn'kkdkj Hkh dgk tkrkgSA }kn'k ;kuh ckjg ckrsa tks rhu ifjorZ esacaVh gqbZ gSaA gj ifjorZ esa pkj&pkj ckrsa gSaAigyk ifjorZ gS p{kq ftlesa pkj ckrsa gSa,d%vfo|k] nks%laLdkj] rhu%foKku vkSj pkjuke o :iA nwljk ifjorZ gS Kku blesa Hkh pkjckrsa gSa] ,d%"kMk;ru] nks%Li'kZ] rhu%osnuk opkj r`".kkA rhljk ifjorZ gS fo|k cqf¼] bldhpkj ckrsa gSa ,d%miknku] nks%Hko] rhu%tkfr]pkj%tjk&ej.kA

;g yksgs dh 'kkdyksa dh rjg gS] ,ddM+h rksM+ nh rks vkxs dh nq[k Ja[kyk [kRegqbZA vxj 'kq: esa gh vfo|k dk uk'k gkstk,xk rks os laLdkj iSnk gh ugha gksaxs ftulssanq[k dk tUe gksrk gSA

nq[k ds leqnk; dk mik; gh izRkhR;leqRikndk fu;e gSA fcuk tkus fd dkj.k D;k gS]fuokj.k dSls laHko gksxkA

,d ckj fiQj lqu fy;k tk,] cq¼ ds ;gkanq[k miyfC/ ugha gS cfYd izd`fr gSA cq¼ usizd`fr dks /Ee dgk gSA ;g izd`fr ?kVukvksadh ?kfVr gksrh tk jgh ,d yach Ja[kyk gSAfujarjrk gS blesaA bls le>s ugha rks /Ee ughale>sA ftanxh Hkj cq¼ fogkjksa esa mdMw cSBcq¼ ds lkeus ekFkk >qdkrs jguk] cl blhdk;Z esa fleV x,A tc [kqn dks jksd fy;k,d ,d vksj] rks ;g #duk ;k=kk dSls curhA

;k=kk u gksxh rks vuqHko dSls gksaxsA vuqHkougha gksaxs rks dq'ky deksZa dh mRifÙk dSlsgksxhA dq'ky deksZa dh mRifÙk ugha gksxh rksfuokj.k dSls gksaxsA djus ls dqN gksrk] udjus ls dqN dSls gks tkrkA HkVdus dks ;k=kkugha dgsaxsA ,d pcwrjs ds chl pDdj yxkvk,A ,d fnu ugha] nks fnu ugha] gj jkst dschl pDdjA D;k ;s chl pDdj ;k=kk gSAdkSu dgsxk fd ;g ;k=kk gSA nsoky;ksa esa jkst,slh gh ;k=kk,a rks gks jgh gSaA uko rks fdukjsls ca/h gS vkSj thou Hkj uko [ksyrs jgs] ijjgs ogha ds oghaA ;k=kk okLrfod gksrh rksvuqHko Hkh okLrfod gksrs] lek/ku Hkh okLrfodgksrsA ;k=kk gh >wBh Fkh] vuqHko Hkh >wBs fudysrks lek/ku dSls lPps gksrsA

/Ee Hkh ;k=kk gS] nq[k ls nq[k ds dkj.kksadh vksjA izrhR;leqRikn ds rhu ifjorZ ysfduehy ds iRFkjksa dh rjg ughaA dq'ky gq, rksiwjk vuqHko ,d dksl ls gh ik yksxsA vxj;k=kk esa lPpkbZ ugha gS] mRlqdrk ugha] iz'uksadk lkFk ugha gS] rks ckjg ehy dh ;k=kk HkhO;FkZ tk,xhA

bl ckjg ehy dh ;k=kk esa rqe [kqn ls [kqndks tkuksxsA dksbZ rqEgsa tkudkfj;ka ns ldrk gSArqEgkjs lkeus lwpukvksa ds Bsj yxk ldrk gS]ysfdu tks rqEgsa ikuk gS] og gS vuqHkoA vuqHkogh Kku gSA tks vuqHko esa ughaA tks [kqn djns[kk ugha] mlesa dq'ky deZ dgka ls vk;sA

bl ;k=kk esa rqe ckjg lh<h p<+ vkvksAns[k vkvks fd Nr ij D;k j[kk gSA rc rqEgsairk gksxk fd dc rqEgkjk ,d lh<+h p<+ tkusij dke cu x;kA dc ikap lh<+h p<+ vkusij dke cusxkA rqe O;FkZ dh ;k=kkvksa ls cptkvksaxsA(vxys vad esa tkjh)

� 'khy cksf/

12

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] eb

Z ] 2

013


ckS¼ /Eekuq;kf;;ksa! esa vkt vius Hkk"k.kesa bl egRoiw.kZ iz'u ij fd eSaus Hkxoku cq¼}kjk pyk, x, /Ee dk iquksZ¼kj rFkk izpkjds egku~ dk;ZHkkj dks vius da/ksa ij D;ksafy;k gSa] vius fopkj izdV djuk pkgrk gw¡AdbZ fopkj'khy O;fDr;ksa dk vkSj esjk viukfopkj gS fd dy dk /ekZUrj lekjksg vktgksuk pkfg, Fkk vkSj vkt dk ;g /EeifjorZu vfHkHkk"k.k /ekZUrj lekjksg ls iwoZdy gksuk pkfg, FkkA fdarq tks gksuk Fkk] lksgqvkA vc vkt bl iz'u ij fopkj djukdksbZ egRo ugha j[krk gSAukxiqj gh D;ksa\cgqr ls yksxksa us eq> ls ;g iz'u fd;k gS

fd bl egku lekjksg ds fy, ukxiqj gh D;ksapquk x;k\ vU; dksbZ LFkku D;ksa ugha pquk\dqN dk dguk gS fd 'kgj esa jk"Vªh; Lo;alsod la?k dh lsuk dk dsaæ gksus ds dkj.kmUgha dh vka[kksa ds lkeus dqN djds fn[kkusds fy, eSaus bl LFkku dks pquk gSaA ysfdu ;gckr lp ugha gSaA esjk ,slk mís'; ugha gSAukd dks [kqtkdj fdlh ds fy, Hkhvi'kdqu djus dh dksbZ esjh bPNk ugha gSa ugh esjs ikl ,slh fujFkZd ckrksa ds fy, le;gh gSA tks egku dk;Z eSaus vius da/ksa ijfy;k gS] og bruk egRoiw.kZ gS fd bldslaca/ esa ,d&,d feuV Hkh esjs fy, cgqregRo j[krk gSA bl LFkku dks pqurs le;dHkh Hkwy ls Hkh vkj-,l-,l- dk fopkj esjseu esa dHkh ugha vk;kAftu yksxksa us ckS¼ /Ee ds laca/ esa bl

ns'k ds izkphudky ds bfrgkl dk vè;;ufd;k gS] mUgsa ekywe gS fd Hkxoku cq¼ ds/Ee dks iQSykus dk egku Js; ukx tkfr dsyksxksa dk gSA ukx yksx vk;ksZ ds dV~Vj 'k=kqFksA vk;ksZ vkSj vuk;ksZ esa vkil esa dbZ

cM+h&cM+h yM+kbZ;ka gqbZA vk;Z yksx ukx yksxksadk elwy uk'k djuk pkgrs FksA bl fo"k; esacgqr lh dgkfu;k¡ iqjk.kksa esa feyrh gSA vtqZuus ukxksa dks tyk;k FkkA vxLr eqfu us ,dliZ ukx dh j{kk dh FkhA mlh ukx ds oa'ktvki yksx gSaA ftu ukxksa dks Ny vkSj diVls ifrr cuk;k x;k Fkk] mUgs mBkus ds fy,,d egkiqj"k dh vko';drk Fkh vkSj os mUgsHkxoku cq¼ ds :i esa feysAukxksa us gh lkjs Hkkjr esa ckS¼ /Ee dk

izpkj fd;kA vki mUgha ukxksa dh larku gSaAohj ukxksa dh izeq[k vkcknh ukxiqj esa FkhA

ukxksa dh vkcknh ds dkj.k bl uxj dksukxiqj dgk x;k gSA bl ukxiqj ls 27 ehydh nwjh ij cgus okyh unh dk uke Hkh ukxiM+k gqvk gSaA blls ,slk izrhr gksrk gS fd blhunh ds vklikl ukxksa dh vkcknh FkhA ukxiqjdks bl egku lekjksg ds fy, pqus tkus dk;FkkFkZ esa dkj.k Hkh ;gh gSA nwljk dksbZdkj.k blds ihNs ugha gSA blfy, bls dksbZHkh xyr u le>sA fdlh vkSj ckr ij jk"Vªh;Lo;a lsod la?k ds lkFk fojks/ laHko gS]ysfdu bl LFkku dks fdlh us Hkh mudksfp<+kus ds fy, ilan ugha fd;k gSaA

cksf/klRo ckck lkgsc MkW- vEcsMdj dk /kEeksins'k(ukxiqj] fnukad 15 vDVwcj 1956)

ge ckS¼ D;ksa cusa\� cs/Md U;wt+ MsLd

MkW vacsMdj us ;soyk (ukfld) esa vizSy lu 1934 dks ?kks"k.kk dh fd¶ eSa fgUnw /eZ esa iSnk gqvk] ;g esjs cl dh ckr ugha Fkh] ijUrq eSa fgUnwds :i esa e:axk ugha ;s esjs cl dh ckr gSA¸ varr% 14 vDVwoj] 1956dks] ukxiqj esa mUgksaus vius yk[kksa vuq;kf;;ksa ds lkFk /Ee nh{kk yh vkSj15 vDVwoj] 1956 dks ukxiqj ls vius yk[kksa vuq;kf;;ksa dks crk;k fdge ckS¼ D;ksa cusa\ muds vuqlkj rFkkxr Hkkxoku xkSre cq¼ dk Lo;adk ekuuk Fkk fd ;g /Ee ^^cgqtu fgrk;] cgqtu lq[kk; yksdkuqdaik;vkfn dY;k.ka] eT> dY;k.ka] ifj;olku dY;k.ka vFkkZr cgqr tuksa dsfgr ds fy, gSa] cgqr tuksa ds lq[k ds fy, gS vkSj lc yksxksa ij vuqdaikdjus ds fy, gSA ;g vkfn] eè; vkSj var esa dY;k.kdkjd gS***

^

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] ebZ ] 2013

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fojksf/;ksa dh ckS[kykgVftl egku dk;Z dks eSaus izkjaHk fd;k gS

vkSj ftls vki lc yksxksa us Lohdkj fd;k gSAmldh cgqr ls lekpkj i=kksa us cgqr gh dVqvkykspuk dh gSaa muds erkuqlkj eSa vius ca/qvksa dks xyr ekxZ ij ys tk jgk gSaA ;svLiz'; ,sls gh vNwr cus jgsaxsA bl /ekZUrjls gekjk dqN Hkh Hkyk ugha gksxkA dbZ i=kksaus rks ;gka rd Hkzked rFkk feF;k ckrsa dghgS fd vkt tks vNwrksa dks jktuSfrd vf/dkj feys gq;s gSa] bl /ekZUrj ls os lclekIr gks tk,saxsA ;g lc ikxyiu dk izpkjgSA bu yksxksa dk dguk gS fd u, jkLrs ls utkdj iqjkus jkLrs ls ;k mlh ixMaMh ls ghgesa tkuk pkfg,A laHko gS fd ,sls O;fDr;ksadks FkksM+k lk izHkko gekjs r:.kksa vkSj cqtqxksZij vo'; iM+s] blfy, esa bl iz'u dktokc fn, cxSj ugha jguk pkgrkA laa'k; dksnwj djus ls gekjs vkanksyu dks cy feysxkAblfy, blh iz'u ij eSa cgqr dqN dgukpkgrk gw¡A ^^egkj&pekj ejh gqbZ xk;&HkSlksa dks u

mBk,a vkSj u ejh gqbZ xk; HkSalksa dk ekal gh[kk,aA bl ckr dk izpkj eSaus vkt ls 30 o"kZiwoZ fd;k FkkA bl izpkj ls lo.kZ fganqvksa dkscM+k vk?kkr igqapkA eSaus muls iwNk fd xk;HkSlksa dk nw/ rqe fivks vkSj ejus ij mlsmBkdj ge ckgj iQsads] ,slk D;ksa\ vxj osviuh cw<+h eka ds ejus ij mls [kqn mBk ystkrs gSa] rks ejh gqbZ xk; vkSj HkSal dks Lo;aD;kas ugh mBkdj ys tkuk pkgrs\ tc eSaus ,slsiz'u muds lkeus j[ks rks ;s yksx cgqr fp<+x,A eSaus muls dgk fd vxj rqe viuh ejhgqbZ eka dks ckgj iQSdus ds fy, gesa ns nks] rksge vo'; gh ejh gqbZ xk; dks Hkh mBk djys tk,axsA bl ij ^dsljh* (czkã.kksa dklekpkj i=k) esa ,d fprikou czkã.k us dbZi=k izdkf'kr djds ;g fl¼ djus dk iz;Rufd;k fd izR;sd o"kZ e`r i'kqvksa ds u mBkusls egkj&pekjksa dks fdruk uqdlku mBkukiM+sxkA blds fy, mUgksaus dbZ izdkj dsvkadM+s nsdj viuh ckr dks fl¼ djus dkiz;Ru fd;k mudk dguk Fkk fd og ejs gq,i'kq dh gM~Mh] nkarksa] lhaxksa] varfM+;ksa vkfnds cspus ls gj pekj dkss 500 ;k 600 :i;sadk okf"kZd ykHk gksrk gSaA blfy, esa mudkuqdlku djk jgk gw¡A esjs vLi`'; yksxksa dks,slk yxk fd vkf[kj eSaa vius yksxksa ds fy,

;g D;k djus tk jgk gw¡\ ,d ckj eSa laxeusj(orZeku dukZVd izkar esa] csyxkao uked ,drglhy) eSa x;k gqvk FkkA ftlus ^dsljh* esai=k izdkf'kr fd, Fks] og eq> ls ogka ijfeykA mlus ogh iz'u nksgjk,A eSaus mldkstokc fn;k fd rqEgkjs iz'uksa dk tokc eSale; vkus ij nwaxkA eSaus dsljh* esa izdkf'krgq, lHkh i=kksa ds iz'uksa dk [kqyh lHkk esa tkstokc fn;k fd esjs yksxksa ds ikl [kkus dsfy, vUu ugha gSaA fL=k;ksa ds ikl ru <dusds fy, diM+k ugha gSA jgus ds fy, egkuugha gSaA muds ikl tksrus ds fy, tehu ughagSA blfy, og nfyr egk%nq[kh gSaA eSaus lHkhmifLFkr yksxksa ls blds dkj.k iwNsA lHkk esals fdlh us Hkh mÙkj ugha fn;kA ;gka rd fd^dsljh* esa i=k fy[kus okys lTtu us Hkh tksml le; lHkk esa ekStwn Fkk] mlus Hkh tokcugha fn;kArc eSaus dgk Hkys yksxks! ge vius laca/ esa

[kqn gh lksp ysaxsA vxj rqEgsa gekjs ykHk dhfpark gSa] rkss rqe vius lacaf/;ksa dks ,d&,dxkao esa Hkst nks vkSj muls dgks fd os oghatkdj jgsa vkSj xkao esa ejs gq, i'kqvksa dksmBkdj iQsdsa] ftlls mUgsa 500 :i;s dkokf"kZd ykHk gks ldsA blds vykok ,slkdjus ij mUgsa 500 :i;s buke esa Lo;a HkhnwaxkA bl izdkj mUgsa nwxuk ykHk gksxkA blekSds dks D;ksa NksM+rs gks\ gekjk uqdlku gksxkij rqEgsa rks ykHk gksxk ysfdu vkt rd dksbZHkh lo.kZ fganw bl dke ds fy, vkxs ughavk;kA vkf[kj buds isV dk ikuh gekjhmUufr dks ns[kdj D;ksa fgyrk gSa\ D;ksa budsisV esa gekjh mUufr dh ckr lqudj nnZ gksrkgSaA vius yksxksa ds fy, vUu] oL=k] edkuvkSj tehu ds fy, mudh ns[kHkky eSa Lo;ad:axkA bldh fpark vki u djsaAbl dke dks geus fd;k rks ykHk gksrk gS

vkSj vkius fd;k rks uqdlku gksrk gSa\ mBkb,ejs gq, i'kqvksa dks vkSj yhft, iQk;nkA blhizdkj dqN yksxksa dk dguk gSa fd gesa fo/ku lHkk esa dqN LFkku feysa gSa] rks mUgsa geD;ksa NksM+ nsa\ eSa muls dgrk gw¡ fd czkã.k]jktiwr vkfn dks egkj] pekj] Hkaxh cu djmu LFkkuksa dks Hkj yhft,A gekjs LFkkuksa ds[kkyh gksus ij rqEgsa jksuk D;ksa vkrk gSa\ euq";dksbZ bTtr I;kjh gksrh gSa] ykHk I;kjk ughagksrkA ge lEeku ds fy, la?k"kZ dj jgs gSaAeqacbZ esa O;fHkpkj djus dk ,d eksgYyk

gSaA ogka dh fL=k;ka losjs 8 cts lks dj mBrhgSaA losjs mBrs gh bZjkuh gksVyksa esa dke djusokys eqlyeku yM+dksa dks dgrh gS] ^^vkslqyseku! ,d IysV dhek (ekal) vkSj jksVhys vkA** os dhek vkSj jksVh [kkrh gSa] pk;ihrh gSa] ij gekjh vkSjrksa dks rks dhek&jksVh[kkus dks ugha feyrkA dsoy pVuh vkSj:[kh&lw[kh jksVh feyrh gSaA blh ls os lclarq"V gSaA os Hkh ;fn pkgsa] rks ,slh csbTtrhdh ftanxh fcrk ldrh gSa] ysfdu mUgsaLokfHkeku I;kjk gS] bTtr I;kjh gSA ge tksyM+ jgs gSa] og lc dqN bTtr ds fy, ghrks yM+ jgs gSaA euq"; tUefl¼ vf/dkj gSa]bTtr ls jgukA bldh iw.kZ izkfIr rd ftrukvf/d ge vkxs vk ldrs gSa] mruk gh vkxstkus dh gekjh rhoz bPNk gSaA blds fy, geftruk Hkh R;kx djsa] de gSaAlekpkj i=k okys xr pkyhl o"kksZ ls esjs

ihNs iM+s gq, gSaA vc eSa mudks dguk pkgrkgw¡ fd Hkkb;ksa! vc rks vki de ls de dqNle>nkjh vkSj xaHkhj Hkk"kk esa cksfy,! gesavkt dqN vkSj ckrksa dh Hkh vko';drk gSAge yksxksa ds ckS¼ cu tkus ij os lc ckrsadqN gn rd iwjh gksuh pkfg,] eSa lHkh dqNfnyokmQaxkA ,slk esjk iw.kZ fo'okl gSaA esjsejus ds ckn D;k gksxk] bl laca/ esa dqN Hkhugha dg dlrkA bl vkanksyu ds fy, cgqrdqN djuk gksxkA gekjs ckS¼ /Ee Lohdkjdjus ij cgqr dqN gksxkA vkifr;ka vkus ijmudk fujkdj.k fdl izdkj djsaxs] dSlh;qfDr;ka nsuh gksxh\ bu lHkh ckrksa ijvk|ksikar fopkj djsaxsA dSlh ;qfDr;ka nsuhgksxh\ bu lHkh ckrksa ij vk|ksikar fopkj eSausfd;k gSaA bu ckrksa dk tokc nsus ds fy, esjsikl dkiQh elkyk gSaA bu vf/dkjksa dks viusyksxksa dks eSaus gh fnyok;k gS vkSj eSa mUgsafnyokmQaxkA ftlus vkidks bu vf/dkjksa dksfnyok;k gSa] ogh bu vf/dkjksa dks Hkhfnyok,xkA blfy, vki esjs mQij iw.kZHkjkslk jf[k, vkSj tks dqN eSa dg jgk gw¡] mlij iw.kZ fo'okl j[kdj pfy,A fojksf/;ksadh vkykspuk esa dqN Hkh lPpkbZ ugha gSaAblfy, mudh Hkzked ckrksa ij fopkj gh udjsaAeSa ujd ls eqDr gqvk gw¡eq>s bl ckr dks ns[kdj cM+k vk'p;Z gksrk

gSa fd gekjs bl /eZ ifjorZu dh ckrsa lHkhtxg gks jgh gSa] ysfdu fdlh us eq> ls ;g

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] eb

Z ] 2

013


ugha iwNk fd eSaus cq¼ /Ee gh D;ksa Lohdkjfd;k gSa\ vkf[kjdkj eSaus lHkh /eksZ dksNksM+dj ckS¼ /Ee dks gh D;ksa viuk;k\ /ekZUrj ds fdlh izdkj ds vkanksyu esa ;g,d egRoiw.kZ iz'u gSaaA /ekZUrj djrs le;bu ckrksa dks fopkj djuk pkfg, fd fdl/eZ dks vkSj D;ksa dj viuk;k tk,\ eSaus fganw/eZ dk R;kx djus dk vkanksyu lu~ 1935esa 'kq: fd;k Fkk vkSj cjkcj bl vkanksyudks pyk jgk gw¡A ;soyk (ukfld ftyk) esabl vkanksyu dks pykus ds fy, vizSy 1935esa cM+k tylk fd;k Fkk vkSj ,d izLrko}kjk geus fu.kZ; fy;k Fkk fd ge bl fganw /eZ dks R;kx nsaxsA eSaus mlh le; ;g izfrKkdh Fkh fd ;|fi eSaus fganw /eZ esa tUe vo';fy;k gSa] rks Hkh fganw /eZ esa jg dj e:axkughaaA ,slh izfrKk eSaus vkt ls 21 o"kZ iwoZ dhFkh vkSj mls vkt iwjk dj fn[kk;kA bl /ekZUrj ls eSa cgqr gh [kq'k gqvk gwa vkSjiziQqfYyr gks mBk gw¡A eq>s ,slk ekywe gksrk gSafd eSa ujd ls NqVdkjk ik x;k gwaaA eq>s dksbZva/HkDr ugha pkfg,A tks yksx ckS¼ /Ee esavkuk pkgrs gSa] mUgsa [kwc lksp le>dj vkukpkfg,] rkfd os vkxs bl /Ee ds lqn`<+ gksdj jgs ldsaaAdkyZ ekDlZ dk iFk vkSj nfyreuq"; ek=k dh mUufr ds fy, /eZ dh

vko';rk gSaA eSa ;g vPNh rjg tkurk gwa fddkyZ ekDlZ ds fl¼karksa ls ,d u;k erfudyk gSaA muds dFkukuqlkj /eZ esa dqN Hkhugha gSA muds fy, /eZ dk dksbZ egRo ughagSA mudk /eZ dsoy ;g gS fd mUgsaizkr%dky eD[ku yxs gq, VksLV] nksigj dks[kkus ds fy, Lokfn"V Hkkstu] lksus ds fy,vPNk fcLrj vkSj ns[kus ds fy, flusekpkfg,A lgh mudk n'kZu gSA eSa ,sls n'kZu dkgkeh ugha nwaA esjs firk dh fu/Zurk ds dkj.keq>s ,slk dksbZ lq[k ugha feykA vius thouesa ftruk d"V eSaus lgu fd;k gS] mrukfdlh us lgu ugha fd;k gksxkA blfy, xjhcksadk thou fdl izdkj d"Ve; gksrk gS] blseSa Hkyh izdkj ls tkurk gw¡A vkfFkZdn`f"Vdks.k dks lkeus j[kdj gekjk vkanksyupyuk pkfg, vkSj eSa Hkh bl ckr dk fojks/h ugha gw¡A gekjh vkfFkZd mUufr gksuh pkfg,]blfy, eSa vkt rd vius yksxksa dh vkfFkZdvkSj ekufld mUufr ds fy, la?k"kZ djrkjgk gw¡A ;gh ugha cfYd ekuo&ek=k dh

vkfFkZd mUufr gksuh gh pkfg,] ,slh esjhfuf'pr ekU;rk gSAi'kq vkSj euq";bl laca/ esa esjs vius fopkj gSaA i'kqvksa

vkSj euq";ksa esa cM+k varj gSA i'kqvksa dks jkst[kkus ds fy, pkjk pkfg,] fdarq euq"; dsfy, vUu pkfg,A i'kqvksa dks pkjs ds flokfdlh vkSj pht dh vko';drk ugha gksrh]ijarq euq"; ds 'kjhj ds lkFk eu Hkh gSA bunksuksa ckrksa ij fopkj djuk pkfg,A eu dkfodkl gksuk cgqr t:jh gSA eu dks ifo=kvkSj lqlaLdkfjr cukuk Hkh t:jh gSA ftuns'kksa ds yksx ;g le>rs gSa fd [kkus&ihus dklqlaLdkfjr eu ds lkFk dksbZ laca/ ugha gS],sls ns'k vkSj ogka dh turk ls laca/ j[kukesjs fy, ykHkizn ugha gksxkA turk ls laca/j[krs gq, bl ckr dk Hkh fopkj djukpkfg, fd ftl izdkj 'kjhj fujksx gksukpkfg,] mlh izdkj 'kjhj dks lqn`<+ cukus dsfy, eu dk Hkh lqlaLdkfjr gksuk cgqr t:jhgS] vU;Fkk ;g dguk fujFkZd gksxk fd euq";fodkl ds iFk ij vxzlj gks jgk gS ;kmUufr dj jgk gSAmRlkg dk ewy dkj.k lqlaLdkfjr eueuq"; dk 'kjhj ;k eu jksxh D;ksa jgrk gS\

bldk dkj.k ;g gS fd euq"; dks tc rd'kkjhfjd ihM+k jgrh gS] rc rd mldk euvizlUu jgrk gSA eu esa mRlkg u gks rksmldk fdlh Hkh dher ij mRFkku ugha gksldrkA vkf[kj ;g mRlkg D;ksa ugha jgrk\mldk izFke dkj.k ;g gS fd euq"; dks ,slkfo'okl gks x;k gS fd mls mQij mBus dkvolj ugha fey ldrkA tc mlds iklvk'kk gh ugha gS rks mlds ikl mRlkg dsfy, LFkku dgka gksxk\ og jksxh gSA ftleuq"; dks vius deZ dk iQy feyrk gSA mlhdks vkuan feyrk gSA Ldwyksa esa vxj ekLVj;g dguk 'kq: dj nsa fd og dkSu gS\ ;grks pekj gS\ ;g pekj D;ksa ijh{kk esa izFkevk;k\ bls izFke oxZ fdl fy, pkfg,\ blspkSFks oxZ (fMohtu) esa ikl gksuk pkfg,]izFke oxZ esa ikl gksuk rks czke.kksa dk gh dkegSA ,sls gkyr esa ml pekj Nk=k dks D;kmRlkg feysxkA mldh rjDdh dSlh gksxh\mRlkg fuekZ.k dk ewy dkj.k rks eu gS]ftldk 'kjhj vkSj eu etcwr gksrk gS] og /S;Zoku gksrk gS ,sls O;fDr ds lkeus dksbZfoifr ugha jgrhA gj eqlhcr dk eqdkcyk

djus dks mlesa Loea&fo'okl gksrk gSA blhls mlesa mRlkg mRiUu gksrk gSaA fganw /eZ dkn'kZu ,slh vlekurk vkSj ,sls vusdkusdvU;k;&iw.kZ fl¼karksa ij vk/kfjr gS fd bl/eZ ls fdlh dks dksbZ mRlkg vkt rd ughafeykA vxj ;g /eZ gtkjksa o"kksZ rd Hkh jgldsxk rks dsoy bruk gh gksxk fd isV Hkjusds fy, ckcw iSnk gksaxs] tks vius isV Hkjus dsflok; vkSj dqN Hkh ugha dj ldsaxsA fiQj,sls DydksZ dh j{kk djus dh vko';drkgksxhA vke vNwrksa dh HkykbZ ds ckjs esa u rksdHkh lkspsxk vkSj u mudh dHkh HkykbZ ghgksxhAeuq"; ds mRlkg dk dkj.k vxj dksbZ gS]

rks og gS euA vki fey ds ekfydksa dkstkurs gSaA os feyksa esa eSustj fu;qDr djrs gSaaAmudk dke fey ds etnwjksa ls dke ysukgksrk gSA ;s fey&ekfyd fdlh u fdlhO;lu esa iQals gksrs gSaA D;ksafd mudk euLoPN vkSj lqlaLdkfjr ugha gksrkA vius eudk fodkl djus ds fy, geus vkanksyufd;kA eSaus f'k{kk dSls izkIr dh\ eSa xjhch dsdkj.k yaxksVh esa gh Ldwy tkrk FkkA Ldwy esaeq>s ihus dks ikuh Hkh ugha feyrk FkkA ikuh dscxSj eSaus dbZ fnu fcrk,A eqacbZ uxj ds,fYiQalVu dkWyst esa Hkh ;gh gky FkkA vxj,slh gh ifjfLFkfr jgh] rks blls nwljhifjfLFkfr vkSj D;k iSnk gks ldrh gS\ dsoyxqyke DydZ gh iSnk gksaxs] rc vNwrksa dhHkykbZ D;k gksxh\DydZ ugha] 'kkld cuksfczfV'k jkt esa eSa fnYyh esa ,DthD;wfVo

dkSaflyj FkkA ml le; Hkkjr ds okbljk;ykMZ fyufyFkxks FksA muls eSaus ,d fnu dgkfd vki eqlyekuksa ds uke ij vyhx<+fo'ofo|ky; dks rhu yk[k vkSj fganqvksa dsuke ij cukjl fo'ofo|ky; dks rhu yk[k:i;s nsrs gks] ijarq ge u rks fganw gSa vkSj ueqlyekuA vxj gekjs fy, vki dqN djukpkgsa] rks gekjs fy, Hkh blls dbZ xquk [kpZdjuk iM+sxkA vxj vki bruk u dj lds rksde ls de eqlyekuksa ds fy, ftruk vkidjrs gSa] mruk gh gekjs fy, Hkh djsaAbl laca/ esa fyufyFkxks us eq> dgk fd

eq>ls tks dqN Hkh muls dguk gSa] eSa mlsfy[k dj nawA muds dFkukuqlkj eSaus bl laca/esa ,d eseksjsaMe (ekax i=k) fy[k dj mUgsans fn;kA ;wjksfi;u yksx dkiQh lgkuqHkwfr j[kus

cs/M+d U;wt

] ebZ ] 2013

15


okys gksrs FksA mUgksaus esjs dFku dks eku fy;k]ijarq bl iSls dks fdl izdkj [kpZ fd;ktk,] bldk fu.kZ; ugha gks ik;kA mudkfopkj Fkk fd iSls dks gekjh vf'kf{kryM+fd;ksa ij [kpZ fd;k tk,A muds fy,cksfMZx [kksys tka, vkSj mlh ij ;g iSlk [kpZfd;k tk,A vxj bl iSls dks bl izdkj [kpZdjds gekjh dsoy vf'kf{kr yM+fd;ksa dksf'kf{kr fd;k x;k] rks mUgsa vPNk [kkuk cukusds fy, vPNk&vPNk lkeku Hkh pkfg, ;glkeku dgka ls vk,xk\ D;ksafd gekjh turkvR;ar xjhc gSA gekjs yksx viuh f'kf{kryM+fd;ksa dh bPNk iwjh djus ds fy, iSlkdgka ls yk,axs\ rc bl f'k{kk dk ifj.kkeD;k gksxk\ vU; lc ckrksa ij rks ljdkj usiSlk [kpZ fd;k] ysfdu f'k{kk ij [kpZ gksusokys iSls dks jksds j[kkA,d ckj eSa ykMZ fyufyFkxksa ds ikl fiQj

x;k vkSj muls eSaus [kqys fny ls f'k{kk laca/h [kpsZ ij ckrsa dhA muls eSaus dgk fd vxjvkidks xqLlk u vk, rks eSa ,d iz'u iwNukpkgrk gw¡A mUgksaus dgk] gk¡! iwfN,! eSaus iwNkfd D;k ;g lp ugha gS fd eSa vdsyk 500xzsT;q;sV~l ds cjkcj gw¡] ^gka eSa ekurk gw¡A**fiQj eSaus muls iwNk fd bldk D;k dkj.k gS\bl ij mUgksaus dgk fd mUgsa ekywe ughaA rceSaus muls dgk fd viuh esgur ls izkIr dhxbZ esjh fo}rk bruh gS fd eSa bl fo}rk dscy ij 'kklu ds fdlh Hkh in ij cSBldrk gw¡A eq>s ,sls gh fo}ku pkfg,] ftlizdkj fdys esa fu'kkus ij cSBdj ;ks¼klSfud 'k=kq dks ijkLr dj nsrs gSa] mlh izdkjesjh le> ds vuq:i ,sls fo}ku O;fDr tks'kklu ds inksa ij cSSBdj esjs xjhc vkSjfujhg yksxksa dh vPNh rjg ns[kjs[k dj ldsaAvxj vkidks gekjs yksxksa dh HkykbZ gh djuhgS] rks ,sls gh yksxksa dks iSnk djuk gksxkA rHkhbu vNwrksa dh HkykbZ gks ldsxhA dsoy DydksZds iSnk djus ls dqN ugha gksus okyk\ esjs bldFku dks ykMZ fyufyFkxks us ekuk vkSj mlho"kZ 16 fo|kfFkZ;ksa dk mPp f'k{kk ds fy,foyk;r fHktok fn;kAbl ns'k esa ge gtkjksa o"kksZ ls cgqr gh

fu:Rlkgh voLFkk esa jgrs pys vk jgs gSaA tcrd ;g voLFkk jgsxh rc rd viuh mUufrds fy, geesa mRlkg iSnk gksuk laHko ugha gSAvU;k; vkSj vlekurk ij vk/kfjr bl fganw(ckeu) /eZ esa jgdj ge dqN Hkh ugha dj

ldrsA euqLe`fr esa pkrqoZ.;Z dk dFku(leFkZu) gSA ;g pkrqoZ.;Z O;oLFkk euq";ek=k dh mUufr ds fy, egk?kkrd gSA 'kqæksadk dke dsoy lsok gh djuk gSaA mUgsa f'k{kkls D;k rkRi;Z\ bl leL;k dk gy dkSudjsxk\ cke.k] {kf=k; vkSj oS';ksa dks 'kwæksadh xqykeh ls gj izdkj dk iQk;nk gSA 'kwæksads ikl xqykeh ds flok vkSj D;k gS\pkrqoZ.;Z O;oLFkk iQwad ekjus ls mM+kbZ ughatk ldrhA ;g dsoy :<+h ugha gS] cfYd /eZ cu xbZ gSAfganw /eZ esa dksbZ lekurk ugha gSA eSa ,d

ckj xka/h th ls feyus x;kA xka/h th useq>ls dgk fd os pkrqoZ.;Z dks ekurs gSa]ysfdu ;g pkrqoZ.;Z dkSu lk vkSj dSlk gS\bl ckr dks le>kus ds fy, eSaus viuhvaxqfy;ksa dks ,d ds mQij ,d djds crkrsgq, dgk fd ;g pkrqoZ.;Z lh/k gS ;k mYVk\bldk vkfn vkSj var dgk gS\ xka/h th blckr dk tokc ugha ns ldsA ftu yksxksa usgekjk uk'k fd;k gS] mudk ;g vU;k;iw.kZ /eZ buds lkeus gh u"V gks tk,xkA eSa fganw /eZ ij csdkj gh vkjksi ugha yxkrkA blikie;h /eZ esa fdlh dk Hkh m}kj ugha gksldrkA ;g /eZ u"V gks pqdk gSA blesa dksbZtku ugha gSAvxj gesa 'kL=k /kj.k djus dk

vf/dkj gksrkgekjk ns'k fonsf'k;ksa dk xqyke D;ksa cuk\

;wjksi esa lu~ 1939 ls 1945 rd nwljkegk;q¼ gqvkA ftruh iQkSt yM+kbZ esa yM+rhFkh]mruh gh iQkSt jkst HkrhZ gks tkrh FkhA mlle; fdlh us ;g ugha dgk fd ;q¼ thrusdk Js; fdlh ,d dks gh izkIr gSaaA ;g lHkhns'kokfl;ksa dk egku Js; FkkA gekjs ns'k dhrks ckrsa gh fujkyh jgh gSaA {kf=k; ej x, rkslkjk ns'k ej x;kA ;gh gksrk jgk gSA blfy,gekjk ns'k dbZ ckj xqyke cukA vxj geyksxksa dks 'kL=k /kj.k djus dk vf/dkjgksrk] rks ;g egku ns'k dHkh xqyke u curkvkSj u dksbZ bl ns'k dks vkØe.k djds thrgh ldrk FkkAckS¼ /Ee ls gh bl ns'k dh HkykbZ

gksxhfganw /eZ esa jgdj fdlh dk m}kj ugha gks

ldrkA fganw /eZ dh jpuk ds vuqlkj dqNrFkkdfFkr lo.kksZ dks lfn;ksa ls ykHk igqapjgk gSA esjs bl dFku esa fry ek=k Hkh >wB ugha

gSA 'kwæksa vkSj vNwrksa dh D; HkykbZ gqbZ\ ckeudh vkSjr xHkZorh gqbZ fd mldk è;ku lh/k gkbZdksVZ dh vksj tkrk gSaA fd ogka ij ttdksbZ in [kkyh gS ;k ugha vkSj tc gekjhvkSjr xHkZorh gksrh gS] rc mldk è;ku blckr dh vksj tkrk gS fd desVh esa dksbZ >kMwnsus okys ds fy, txg [kkyh gS ;k ughaA ;gnqjkO;oLFkk fganw /eZ O;oLFkk ds dkj.k ghgSA blesa jgdj gekjh D;k HkykbZ gks ldsxh\vxj gekjh HkykbZ gksxh rks dsoy ckS¼ /Eeesa gh gksxhAHkxoku ds /Ee dks cke.kksa us Hkh viuk;k

vkSj 'kwæksa us HkhA mu lHkh fHkD[kqvksa dksvkns'k nsrs gq, Hkxoku cq¼ us dgk Fkk fd&^^gs fHkD[kqvks! vki yksx dbZ ns'kksa vkSj

fHkUu&fHkUu tkfr;ksa ls vk, gq, gSaA ftlizdkj vkids ns'k&izns'k esa vusd ufn;kacgrh gSa] mudk vyx vfLrRo fn[kkbZ nsrk gSAtc ;s ufn;ka egklkxj esa fey tkrh gSa] tcvius i`Fkd vfLrRo dks [kks cSBrh gSA os lcleqæ esa lek tkrh gSaA ckS¼ /Ee leqæ dhHkkafr gSaA bl la?k esa lHkh ,d gSa vkSj lHkhcjkcj gSaA leqæ esa xaxk ;k ;equk ds feytkus ij mlds ikuh dks vyx ls igpkuukdfBu gSA blh izdkj vki ykxksa ds ckS¼ la?kesa vkus ij dHkh ,d gSaA lHkh leku gSaA blizdkj dh ckrsa dgus okyk ,d gh egkiq:"kgqvk gS vkSj ;g egkiq:"k gSa Hkxoku cq¼Aesjs mQij tcnZLr ftEesnkjh gStc yksx eq> ls ;g iz'u djrs gSa fd eSaus

/ekZUrj djus ds fy, bruk le; D;ksayxk;k\ brus fnu rd esa D;k dj jgk Fkk\;s iz'u egRoiw.kZ gSaA /eZ ds rRoksa dks nwljksadks le>kuk vklku dke ugha gSA ;g vdsysO;fDr dk dke Hkh ugha gSaA /eZ ds laca/ esavki fopkj djds ns[ksaxs rks esjh ckr vkidhle> esa vk tk;sxhA vkt esjs mQij fdruhcM+h ftEesnkjh gSaA mruh lalkj esa fdlh ijugha gSA ;fn eas vf/d le; rd thfor jgk]rks og lc dke iwjk djds fn[kykmQaxkA(ckck lkgsc ftankckn ds ukjksa ls vkdk'kxwat mBkA dqN le; rd pkjksa vkSj mUghaukjksa vkSj rkfy;ksa dh xM+xM+kgV dh vkoktsalqukbZ nsrh jghA)vNwr dgdj ugha ?kweukdqN yksx dgsaxs fd vNwrksa ds ckS¼ cuus

ij D;k gksxk\ bl laaca/ esa esjk bruk ghdguk gS fd bl izdkj dk iz'u vki yksxksa

16

cs/M+d

U;wt

] eb

Z ] 2

013


dks ugha iwNuk pkfg, D;kasfd ,sls iz'u/wrZrkiw.kZ gSA /uh yksxksa dks /eZ dhvko';drk ugha gSa muesa tks yksx mQaps inksaij vklhu gSaa] muds ikl jgus ds fy, vPNkcaxyk gS] mudh lsok djus ds fy, mudsikl /u gS] muds ikl ukSdj&pkdj gSA vkSjmuds ikl lc dqN gSA ,sls yksxksa }kjk ckS¼/Ee dks viukus ;k ml ij fopkj djus dhdksbZ vko';drk ugha gSaA/eZ dh vko';drk xjhcksa ds fy, gS/eZ dh t:jr dsoy xjhcksa ds fy, gksrh

gSA nq[kh vkSj ihfM+r yksxksa ds fy, /eZ dht:jr gksrh gSA xjhc euq"; lnk gh vk'kk ijthrk gSA thou dk ewy vk'kk esa gSA vxj ;gvk'kk u"V gks xbZ] rks thou dSls pysxk\ /eZ lHkh dks vk'kkoknh cukrk gSAxjhcksa&ihfM+rksa dks ;gh lans'k nsrk gS fd?kcjkus dh dksbZ vko';drk ugha D;ksafdthou vk'kknk;d gS vkSj ,slk gh vkxs HkhjgsxkA ;g dkj.k gS fd xjhc ;k ihfM+rO;fDr /eZ dks vius ls fpikdj j[krk gSaAtc ;wjksi esa bZlkbZ;r dk izpkj gqvk] ml

le; jkse ds vklikl lHkh ns'kksa dh n'kkcgqr [kjkc FkhA yksxksa dks isV Hkj [kkuk Hkhugha feyrk FkkA ml le; isV Hkjus ds fy,xjhc yksxksa dks f[kpM+h ckaVh tkrh FkhA mlle; bu yksxksa esa bZlkbZ er dk izpkj gqvkAnq[kh vkSj ihfM+r yksx bl /eZ ds vuq;k;hcusA ;wjksfi;u fo}ku feLVj fxcu us ,d ckjdgk Fkk fd bZlkbZ /eZ fHk[kkfj;ksa dk /eZ gStks ;wjksi dk /eZ x;k gSA bldk tokc nsusds fy, fe- fxcu vkt thfor ugha gSaA vxjos thfor gksrs rks 'kk;n viuh ckr dk tokcos [kqn gh ik ysrs gSAdqN yksx ;g vo'; dgsaxs fd ;g ckS¼

/Ee Hkaxh&pekjksa dk /Ee gSA cke.k yksxHkxoku cq¼ dks Hkh ^^Hkks] xkSre!** dgdjiqdkjrs FksA cke.k Hkxoku dks bl izdkjvi'kCn dgdj fp<+k;k djrs FksA ysfduvki ;g tkurs gSa fd fons'kksa esa jke] Ñ".kvkSj 'kadj dh ewfrZ;ksa dks [kjhnus ds fy,j[kk tk, rks dksbZ [kjhnsxk ughaA vxj cq¼dh ewfrZ j[kh tk, rks ,d Hkh ewfrZ ughacpsxhA Hkkjr esa tks gksuk Fkk og cgqr dqNgksrk jgkA dqN ckgj Hkh ns[kksA ckgj vxjfdlh dk uke izfl¼ gS] rks dsoy Hkxokucq¼ dkA fiQj ;g /eZ cxSj iQSys dSls jgsxk\ge vius ekxZ ls t:j tk,axsA os viuh

jkg ls tk,aA gesa u;k jkLrk fey x;k gSA ;gvk'kk dk izrhd gSA vH;qn; vkSj mRd"kZ dkegku ekxZ gSA ;g ekxZ u;k ugha gSA bls gedgha ls yk, ugha gSaA ;g Js"B ekxZ ;gha dkgSA ;g Hkkjrh; gSA bl ns'k esa 2000 o"kZ iwoZHkh ckS¼ /Ee FkkA bldk gesa nq[k gS fd blsgeus igys gh D;kas ugha viuk;k\ Hkxoku cq¼ds /Ee ds lkj rRo vtj vej gSA fiQj Hkhcq¼ us vius fl¼karksa ds vifjorZuh; gksus dknkok ugha fd;kA bl /Ee esa le;kuqlkjcnyus dh 'kfDr gSA bruh mnkjrk fdlhvU; /eZ esa ugha gSAckS¼ /Ee dk irubl ns'k ls ckS¼ /Ee ds uk'k dk eq[;

dkj.k bl ns'k ij eqlyekuksa dk vekuq"kh;vkØe.k FkkA bl vkØe.k esa gtkjksa ewfrZ;karksM+h xbZA fHkD[kq ekjs x,A bu vkØe.kksa ls?kcjk dj ckS¼ fHkD[kq nwljs ns'kksa esa Hkkxx,A dksbZ frCcr x;kA dqN phu x,A dksbZdgh x;k vkSj dksbZ dghA bldk ifj.kke ;ggqvk fd ;gka ij fHkD[kqvksa dk vHkko gksx;kA mrj if'pe izkar esa ,d xzhi jktk FkkAmldk uke Fkk fefyan (feukMj) mls /eZppkZ esa cgqr :fp FkhA mlus fganw /eZ 'kkL=kksads iafM+rksa ds lkFk dbZ ckj okn&fookndjds mUgsa gjk fn;k Fkk vkSj dbZ;ksa dksfu:rj dj fn;k FkkA ,d fnu mlus pkgkfd ckS¼ /eZ ds fo}kuksa ds lkFk Hkhokn&fookn d:aA blfy, mlus vius lsodksadks vkns'k fn;k fd tc dHkh muds jkT; esadksbZ ckS¼ /Ee dk iafMr (fo}ku) utjvk, rks mls muds ikl yk;k tk,A rcLFkkuh; ckS¼ erkoyfc;ksa us egkiafMr vkSj/Ee /qja/j fHkD[kq ukxlsu th ls izkFkZuk dhfd os jktk ds ikl tkdj okn&fookn esackS¼ /Ee dk eaMu djsaA fHkD[kq ukxlsu cgqrcM+s fo}ku FksA ukxlsu vkSj fefyan ds chptks ikjLifjd okn&fookn gqvk] ml lcdksiqLrdkdkj (fefyan iz'u) esa Nkik x;k gSAfefyan us ,d iz'u fd;k fd /eZ dh XykfuD;ksa gksrh gSa\ ukxlsu us bldk mrj nsrs gq,blds rhu dkj.k crk,A igyk ;g fd lPpk/eZ gh lnk cuk jgrk gSA ftl /eZ ds ewyesa xaHkhjrk ugha] gksrh og /eZ rkRdkyhu /eZ gksrk gS vkSj le; chrus ij ,slk /eZ fVdkugha jgrkA nwljk ;g gkssrk gS fd tc /eZizpkj djus okys fo}ku gh ugha jgrs] rc /eZ dh Xykfu ;kuh gkuh gksrh gSaA Kkuh yksxksa

dks /eZ Kku dh ppkZ djuh pkfg,A fojksf/;ksa ds okn&fookn dk [kaMu djus ds fy,/eZ ds izpkjd u gksa] rks Hkh /eZ dh gkfugksrh gSA rhljk dkj.k ;g gS fd /eZ vkSj /eZ ds rRo fo}kuksa ds fy, gksrs gSaA lk/kj.kyksxksa ds fy, eafnj ;k fogkj gksrs gSa] tgka ijtkdj turk viuh Js"B foHkwfr;ksa dh iwtkdjrh gSAvki yksxksa dks bl egku ckS¼ /Ee dks

Lohdkj djrs gq, bu ckrksa dk è;ku j[kukpkfg,A ,slk dHkh ugha le>uk pkfg,A fdckS¼ /Ee ds rRo dsoy dqN le; ds fy,gSA vkt 2500 o"kksZ ds ckn Hkh cq¼ ds rRoksadks lkjk lalkj ekurk gSA vdsys vesfjdk esacq¼ /eZ ds vuqs;kf;;ksa dh 2000 laLFkk,a gSaAbaXySaM esa rhu yk[k :i;s [kpZ djds ckS¼fogkj cuk;k x;kA teZuh esa rhu pkj gtkjckS¼ laLFkk,a gSaA cq¼ rRo vtj vej gSaA fiQjHkh cq¼ us vius n'kZu ds egku gksus dk nkokdHkh ugha fd;k vkSj u mUgksaus dHkh ;g dgkfd mudk /eZ bZ'ojh; gSA Hkxoku us rks ;ghdgk Fkk fd esjs firk vkSj esjh ekrk nksuksalkekU; euq";ksa dh Hkkafr gSaA ftUgsa og /eZvPNk yxs] os bls viuk,a D;ksafd bruhmnkjrk dh ckrsa fdlh nwljsd /eZ esa ughafeysaxhAnwljks /eksZ vkSj ckS¼ /Ee esa egku varj

gSA ckS¼ /Ee dh egku ckrsa vkidks nwljs /eksZ esa ugha feysxhA D;ksafd nwljs /eZ euq";bZ'oj ds xgjs laca/ dks crkrs gSaaA nwljs /eZdgrs gSa fd bZ'oj us lalkj jpk gSA mlh usvkdk'k] ok;q] baæ] lwjt vkSj lc dqN iSnkfd;s gSA bZ'oj us lc dqN gekjs fy, djfn;k gSA dqN 'ks"k ugha j[kk gSA blfy, gebZ'oj dh mikluk vkSj Hktu gh djrs jgsaAbZlkbZ /eZ ds vuqlkj ejus ds ckn ,d fu.kZ;dk fnu gksxkA mlh ds fu.kZ; vuqlkj lcdqN fu/kZfjr gksxkAbZ'oj vkSj vkRek ds fy, ckS¼ /Ee esa

dksbZ LFkku ugha gSaA Hkxoku cq¼ us dgk fdlalkj esa lc txg nq[k gSA uCcs izfr'kr yksxnq[kh gS] ihfM+r gSaA nq[k ls ihfM+r xjhc yksxksadk m}kj djuk gh ckS¼ /Ee dk eq[; è;s;gSA dkyZ ekDlZ us Hkxoku cq¼ ls T;knk dqNugha dgk gSA Hkxoku cq¼ us tks dgk gS oglc ljy vkSj lh/k ekxZ gSAHkkb;ks vkSj cguks! tks dqN eq>s dguk Fkk]

'ks"k i`"B 50 ij------

cs/M+d U;wt

] ebZ ] 2013

17


� xhrk lqeu

çkphu phuh f'kYih okLrq foKku ,oa ckS¼ /kEe

phu esa pkj çeq• ckS¼ ioZr e'kgwj gSa] ftu ds uke gSa oqFkkbZ'kkuioZr] vekbZ ioZr ] iQqFkks ioZr vkSj P;qgok ioZr A dgk tkrk Fkk fd;s pkj ioZr ckS/ /eZ ds ckSf/Rlo eqatqJh] lkearHkæ]voyksdurs'oj vkSj f{kfrxHkZ ds riL;k LFky Fks A bu pkj ioZrksa dslfn;ksa ls ckS/ /eZ dh laLÑfr ls tqM+us ds lkFk lkFk phu ds çfl¼n'kZuh; LFky ds uke ls Hkh vR;Ur ukeh gSa A

vE;h ioZr vkSj ys'kku cq¼ eqfrZvE;h ioZr dk nwljk uke gS egk

vkyksd igkM+] tks if'peh phu ds lNokuçkar ds eè; nf{k.k rFkk lNoku csflu ofNaxgkbZ&frCcr iBkj ds laxe Hkkx esa fLFkrgS] ioZr dh lc ls Åaph pksVh dk uke gSlgL=kksa cq¼ f'k•j] tks leqæ lrg ls rhugtkj 99 ehVj Åapk gSA vE;h ioZr vius;gka vuks•k çkÑfrd lkSan;Z feyus rFkkikSjkf.kd yksd tSlk ckS/ txr dk rhFkZigkM+ gksus dh otg ls fo'ofo[;kr gSA bligkM+ esa lqUnj çkÑfrd n`';ksa rFkk lfn;ksaiqjkuh ,frgkfld laLÑfr dk vuwBk feJ.kgqvk vkSj ,d nwljs dks T;knk Js"B dj fn;kx;k gS] blfy, phu esa vE;h dh ljkgukdjus ds fy, ;g dgkor pyrk vk;k gS fdvE;h dk lkSan;Z i`Foh esa cstksM+ gSA

vE;h ioZr tgka fLFkr gS] ogka dbZ cgqrçkÑfrd rRo fefJr miyC/ gS] igkM+h {ks=kesa tho tarq;ksa dh çpwjrk gksrh gS] nqyZHk vkSjfo'ks"k fdLeksa ds tho cs'kqekj gS] iw.kZ :i esalqjf{kr v/Z m".k çns'kh; ouLifr;ksa dhoU; O;oLFkk gksrh gS] 87 çfr'kr dh Hkwfe ijtaxy fcNh gqbZ gSA vE;h ioZr esa mPp ntZsdh nks lkS 42 oU; çtkfr;ka gSa vkSj rhu gtkjnks lkS ls vf/d fdLeksa dh ouLifr;ka gS] tksphu dh ouLifr;ksa dh dqy fdLeksa dknloka Hkkx curh gSA phu dh ,slh lkS lsvf/d fdLeksa dh ouLifr;ka gSa] tks ek=kvE;h ioZr esa mxrh gS vkSj ftu ds uke HkhvE;h ls tqM+s dj j•s x, gSaA bl ds vykokvE;h ioZr esa vusd uLyksa ds nqyZHk vkSjewY;oku tkuoj jgrs gSa] ;gka tkuokjksa dhuLysa nks gtkj rhu lkS ls vf/d gS]blfy, vE;h igkM+h {ks=k fo'o dh thofodkl O;oLFkk ij vuqla/ku ds fy, ,degRoiw.kZ LFky gSA

vE;h ioZr phu ds ckS/ /eZ ds pkjçeq• rhFkZ ioZrksa esa ls ,d gSA ckS/ /eZ dsçpkj çlkj rFkk eafnjksa o eBksa ds tksjnkjfuekZ.k o fodkl ls vE;h ioZr dks vkSjvf/d ikSjkf.kd rFkk fnO; cuk;k x;kA /kfeZd laLÑfr] •kl dj ckS/ laLÑfr

bfrgkl esa vE;h {ks=k dh laLÑfr ds eq[;LFkku ij lEekfur jghA ;gka ds reke okLrqfuekZ.kksa] eqfrZ;ksa] /kfeZd ;a=kksa] fjfr laLdkjksa]laxhr o fp=kksa esa /kfeZd laLÑfr dk xk<kokrkoj.k Nk;k jgkA vE;h ioZr ij cM+hla[;k esa eafnj vkSj eB LFkkfir gq, gS] ftuesa iksDoks eB] O;kuU;su eB lesr Lo.khZ;pksVh ds vkB eafnj lc ls e'kgwj gSaA

ys'kku egk cq¼ eqfrZ vE;h ioZr dhiwohZ rygVh esa •M+h f'k;Ä igkM+ ij gS] tksçkphu dky esa egk eS=ks; çrhek vkSj egkpkfru çrhek ds uke ls e'kgwj Fkk] bl eqfrZ•ksnus dk dke Fkkax jktoa'k ds •kbZ;qudky ds çFke o"kZ ;kuh o"kZ 713 esa 'kq:gqvk Fkk] yxkrkj uCcs lkyksa ds ckn iwjk gksx;kA eqfrZ unh ds rV ij •M+h igkM+h pêðku

ij •ksn dj cuk;h xbZ gS] tks vc rd fo'oesa lqjf{kr igkM+h pêðku ij •qnh lc ls cM+heqfrZ gS] okLro esa og lewps ,d igkM+ dks•ksn dj cuk;h xbZ gS] blfy, ;g dgkorfd igkM+ cq¼ gS] cq¼ igkM+ Hkh] lfn;ksa lspyk vk;k gSA egk cq¼ eqfrZ cSBus ds vklu~esa gS] unh ds iwohZ rV ij cSBh i'phe dhvksj eq• djrh gS] eqfrZ 'kkafr vkSj xaHkh;Z dheqæk esa gS] eqfrZ 71 ehVj Åaph gS vkSj 'kjhjij gjsd rjk'k js•k ckjhdh vkSj lw{e gS]dykRed 'kSyh esa iwjk cnu vuqikfrr gS] eqfrZvn~Hkqr HkO; vkSj egku~ fn•rh gSA egk cq¼eqfrZ ds mÙkj vkSj nf{k.k esa •M+h pêðkuksa ijFkkax jktoa'k esa •qnh uCcs cqf¼ eqfrZ;ka HkhmiyC/ gSa] ftu esa Hkh Js"B dyk Ñfr;kafeyrh gSaA

^*

18

cs/M+d

U;wt

] eb

Z ] 2

013


vE;h ioZr vkSj ys'kku cq¼ eqfrZ ftligkM+h {ks=k esa fLFkr gS] fo'ks"k HkkSxksfydLFkku esa gksus ds dkj.k ogka dh Hkw&fLFkfrfo'ks"k vkSj vuwBh gS] çkÑfrd n`'; vuqievkSj vuks•s gS] ikfjfLFkfrdh dk i;kZoj.kvPNh rjg lqjf{kr gS] •kl dj fo'o dhtSo fodkl O;oLFkkvksa ds laxe o laØe.kLFkku ij vofLFkr gksus ls çpwj ek=kk esatkuojksa o ouLifr;ksa dk lalk/u miyC/ gS]bu tkuojksa o ouLifr;ksa dh Li"V {ks=kh;fo'ks"krk O;ÙkQ gksrh gS] nqyZHk tho uLysa le`¼gksrh gSaA fiNys nks gtkj lkyksa esa bl {ks=k esale`¼ lkaLÑfrd fojklr l`tu dj latks,gqbZ gSa] ftu dk çfrfuf/Ro ckS/ /eZ djrk gSAvE;h ioZr ds çkÑfrd lalk/uksa rFkklkaLÑfrd /jksgjksa dk bfrgkl] lkSan;Z dyk]oSKkfud vuqla/ku rFkk i;ZVu ds fy, cgqrÅapk ewY; gksrk gS] tks ekuo tkfr dk la;qÙkQlaink gSA

vE;h ioZr vkSj ys'kku egk cq¼ eqfrZo"kZ 1996 esa fo'o lkaLÑfrd o çkÑfrdfojklr ds p;u ekinaM ds vuqlkj fo'ofojklr lwph esa 'kkfey fd;k x;k gSA fo'ofojklr desVh dk ewY;kadu bl çdkj gS%bZlk igyh 'krkCnh esa lNoku çkar ds vE;hioZr dh •wclwjr pksVh ij phu dk çFkeckS/ eafnj LFkkfir gqvkA ml ds vkliklnwljs eafnjksa dh LFkkiuk gksus ds lkFk ;gLFkku ckS/ /eZ ds çeq• rhFkZ LFkyksa esa ls,d cu x;kA dkykarj esa ;gka cM+h ek=kk esalkaLÑfrd laink bDêòs gks x,] ftu esa lc lse'kgwj ys'kku dh egk cq¼ eqfrZ gS] ogvkBoha 'krkCnh esa yksxksa }kjk ,d igkM+hpêðku ij •ksn dj cuk;h xbZ Fkh] tks ns•usesa yxrh gS fd og uhps dh vksj utj >qdkdj ogka ls xqtjus okyh rhuksa ufn;ksa ds laxeij fuxkg djrh gks] ;g eqfrZ 71 ehVj ÅaphgS] tks fo'o esa lc ls Åaph eqfrZ ekuh tkrhgSA vE;h ioZr tho tarqvksa dh le`¼ uLysarFkk ouLifr;ksa dh çpwj fdLesa miyC/ gksusds dkj.k fo'o esa Hkh çfl¼ gS] bl {ks=k esav/Z m".k çns'k dh ouLifr;ksa dks ys djv/Z mPp ioZrh; lqbZnkj iÙkksa okys isM+ksa rddh lHkh fdLeksa dh taxysa feyrh gS] dqNisM+ksa dh mez gtkj o"kZ ls Hkh vf/d gSA

oqFkkbZ'kku ioZr phu esa pkj çeq• ckS¼ ioZr e'kgwj gSa]

ftu ds uke gSa oqFkkbZ'kku ioZr] vekbZ ioZr]

iQqFkks ioZr vkSj P;qgok ioZrA dgk tkrk Fkkfd ;s pkj ioZr ckS/ /eZ ds ckSf/RloeqatqJh] lkearHkæ] voyksdurs'oj vkSjf{kfrxHkZ ds riL;k LFky FksA bu pkj ioZrksads lfn;ksa ls ckS/ /eZ dh laLÑfr ls tqM+usds lkFk lkFk phu ds çfl¼ n'kZuh; LFky dsuke ls Hkh vR;Ur ukeh gSaA

pkj çeq• ckS¼ ioZrksa esa ls oqFkkbZ'kkueè; phu ds 'kkulh çkar esa fLFkr gS] ikapioZr pksfV;ksa esa pkjksa vksj ls f?kjk gksus okyk;g igkM+h ?kkVh cgqr lqUnj gS] ikap ioZrpksfV;ksa dk Åijh Hkkx lery vkSj foLr`r gS]ns•us esa feêðh dk fo'kky pcwrjk tku iM+rkgSA ikap lery pksfV;ka Øe'k% iwoZ] if'penf{k.k] mÙkj vkSj chp esa fLFkr gksus dsdkj.k mu ds uke Hkh iwohZ pcwrjk] if'pehpcwrjk] nf{k.k pcwrjk] mÙkjh pcwrjk vkSjeè; pcwrjk iM+s] blh ls bl ioZr dksoqFkkbZ'kku vFkkZr ikap pcwrjkvksa okyk igkM+dgyrk gSA oqFkkbZ'kku ioZr mÙkj phu esaleqæ lrg ls lc ls Åaps LFkku ij fLFkr gSA

ckS/ dFkkvksa ds vuqlkj oqFkkbZ'kku dkiqjkuk uke oqiQÄ'kku Fkk] ml le; ogka dkekSle cgqr •jkc Fkk] tkM+ksa ds fnu dM+kdsdh lnhZ gksrh Fkh vkSj olar dky esa rstjsrhyh gok pyrh Fkh vkSj xfeZ;ksa esa Hkwferirh lw• iM+rh Fkh] •srksa esa iQly eqf'dyls mxrh Fkh vkSj fdlkuksa dk thou cgqrnqHkj FkkA ckSf/Rlo eqatqJh ,d fnu mins'knsus ogka ls xqtjk] ml us ns•k fd LFkkuh;yksx cM+h eqflcr >sy jgs gSa] rks ml us ;gkadk tyokyq cnyus dh Bku yhA

eqatqJh dks ekywe Fkk fd iwohZ leqæ dsMªSxu jktk ds ikl ,d fnO; iRFkj gS] tkslw•s ekSle dks vkæZ vkSj lqgkouk cukus dh

'kfÙkQ j•rk gSA rks ml us ,d fHk{kq dk :i/kj.k fy;k vkSj leqæ ds MªSxu jktk ls ogiRFkj ekaxus pyk x;kA

eqatqJh iwohZ leqæ ds ikl igqapk] rksMªSxu jktk ds egy ds ckgj ,d fojkViRFkj iM+k ns•k] ikl tkdj rqajr cM+h 'khryok;q dh ,d rktk ygj eqg ij VDdj vkbZyxhA eqatqJh us MªSxu jktk ls feyus ds cknviuh ekax crk;h] ysfdu MªSxu jktk us fou;ls ml dh ekax ls badkj djrs gq, dgk fd/ekZpk;Z th] vki tks Hkh ekaxs] vki dks nsnwaxk] cl ;g iRFkj ugha fn;k tk ldrk gS]D;ksafd og lfn;ksa ds le; yxk dj leqæds ry ds Hkhrj ls •ksn dj yk;k x;k gS]tks vlk/kj.k 'khry vkSj rjksoj gS] esjs iq=kjkst ckgj dke ls ykSVus ds ckn bl ij cSBdj xehZ vkSj Fkdku dks feVkrs gSaA vxj vkimls ys x;s] rks iq=kksa ds fy, foJke dk LFkkuugha jgsxkA eqatqJh us MªSxu jktk dks ckj ckj;g dg dj le>k;k cq>k;k fd ogoqiQÄ'kku igkM+ dk fHk{kq gS] ogka ds yksxksadks eqflcrksa ls mckjus ds fy, ;g iRFkjekax jgk gSA

ysfdu MªSxu jktk eu gh eu bl fnO;iRFkj dks nwljksa dks nsuk ugha pkgrk Fkk] ijeqg ij og eqatqJh dh vkxkg dks nks Bqdbadkj ugha dj ldrkA ml us lkspk fd blcw<k fHk{kq esa ;g cy vo'; ugha gS fd ogvdsys bls ys tk,A rks ml us eqatqJh ls dgkfd ;g iRFkj cgqr Hkkjh gS] vxj fcuk fdlhdh enn dh gkyr esa vki mls ys tk lds]rks ys tk,A

eqatqJh MªSxu jktk dks /U;kokn nsus dsckn iRFkj ds ikl vk;k] ml us eqag esa ,dçdkj dk ea=k tik;k] ns•rs gh ns•rs og

cs/M+d U;wt

] ebZ ] 2013

19


fo'kky iRFkj ,d NksVh xksyh esa cny x;kAeqatqJh mls tsc esa Mky dj brehuku ls pykx;kA MªSxu jktk eqatqJh dh fnO; 'kfÙkQ ijLrac/ dj vokd jg x;k vkSj mls dqNiNrkok Hkh vk;kA

eqatqJh tc oqiQÄ'kku igkM+ ij ykSVk]rks vkdk'k esa lwjt rirh rst fdj.ksa NksM+jgk Fkk] dkiQh le; ls lw•k iM+ jgk Fkk]tehu iQV dj njkj iM+s vkSj yksx vlguh;foifÙk;ksa ls nfyr jgs FksA eatqJh us ml fnO;iRFkj dks igkM+ksa ds chp ,d oknh esa j•k]{k.k gh esa og dfj'ek lkeus mRiUu gqvk fdoqiQÄ'kku igkM+ ,dk,d cgqr 'khry gksdj ,d lqgkouk igkM+h oknh cu x;kA blds ckn ;g oknh 'khry oknh ds uke lse'kgwj gks x;k] yksxksa us ogka eafnj cuk djmls 'khry eafnj dk uke Hkh fn;kAoqiQÄ'kku dk uke Hkh cny djfNaxY;kax'kku ;kuh 'khry igkM+ j•k x;kArHkh ls oqFkkbZ'kku dks fNaxY;kax'kku Hkhdgykrk gSA

oqFkkbZ'kku ioZr phu ds jk"Vªh; Lrjds n'kZuh; LFkyksa dh lwph esa 'kkfey gqvk gS]ogka ckS/ /kfeZd laLÑfr dk cM+k fodklgqvk] ikapksa vuks•s ioZr pksfV;ksa ds vkliklcM+h la[;k esa ckS/ eafnj cuk;s x,] vc rdHkh 42 eafnj lqjf{kr gSa] ftu esa ls ukuNkueB vFkkZr nf{k.kh è;ku eB rFkk iQksDokaxeB ;kuh cq¼ fdj.k eB phu ds FkkaxjkT;dky esa fufeZr gq, Fks] tks ,d gtkj rhulkS lky iqjkuk gSA ;s nksuksa eB phu esa lqjf{krlc ls iqjkuk dk"B Hkou fuekZ.k gS] ftl lsçkphu phu dh /kfeZd laLÑfr vkSj okLrqdyk ds fodkl dh >yd ns•us dks feyrhgSA

oqFkkbZ'kku ioZr esa igkM+h pksfV;ka vkSjpêðkusa vuks•h gSa] p'es vkSj >jus Ba<d vkSjLoPN gS] isM+ ikS/s Nk;snkj gSa] ioZr pksfV;ksaij ckjgksa ekg ciQZ <adh gqbZ gS] blfy,xfeZ;ksa ds fnu Hkh igkM+h oknh cgqr 'khryvkSj vkjkensg gksrh gSA

ykek /eZ dk ;Äg eafnj isbfpax esa cM+h la[;k esa çkphu okLrq

fuekZ.k miyC/ gSa] fdUrq ,slk çkphu fuekZ.kdsoy ,d gS] ftl esa gku] eku] eaxksy vkSjfrCcr tkfr;ksa dh 'kSyh fefJr gS] og gS;Äg eafnj ;kuh ykek eafnjA ;Äg eafnjfo'ofo[;kr frCcrh ckS/ /eZ ds eafnjksa esa ls

,d gS] ftl dk {ks=kiQy 60 gtkj oxZ ehVjgS vkSj Hkouksa vkSj dejksa dh la[;k ,dgtkj ls T;knk gSA ;Äg eafnj igys fNaxjktoa'k ds e'kgwj lezkV •kaxlh us viuspkSFks iq=k ;upu ds fy, o"kZ 1694 esacuok;k FkkA o"kZ 1723 esa •kaxlh ds fu/uds ckn ;upu lezkV dh xíh ij cSB x;k]ml dk ?kj 'kkgh çklkn esa LFkkukarfjr gksx;k vkSj ml ds bl iqjkuk ?kj&;Äg Hkoudk ,d Hkkx 'kkgh Hkou ds :i esa cnykx;k vkSj nwljk Hkkx rRdkyhu ykek gqFkqdFkqdks frCcrh ykek /eZ ds ihr laçnk; dkeafnj cukus ds fy, HksaV fd;k x;kA

ihr laçnk; ykek /eZ dh ,d 'kk•kgS] ml dk laLFkkid yksipkax -tkdck ( lu~1357&&1419) us vkB lky dh mez esaykek /eZ dh nh{kk Lohdkj dh] 17 lky dhmez esa og frCcr esa ykek /eZ ds vè;;u dsfy, pyk x;kA ckn esa ml dh /kfeZd'kk•k vkxs py dj frCcr esa lÙkk /kjhlaçnk; cu x;h] pqafd bl laçnk; ds lHkhlnL; ihys jax ds oL=k igurs Fks] blfy, blsihr laçnk; ds uke ls dgykrk FkkA ihrlaçnk; ds laLFkkid tkdck us ykek /eZ dslq/kj ds fy, Hkkjh ;ksxnku fd;k Fkk] nykbZykek vkSj iapu ykek nksuksa ml ds Js"B psysFksA ;Äg eafnj esa çkphu okLrq fuekZ.k cgqrls T;knk lqjf{kr gSa] ftu esa rhu dyk vo'ks"knqyZHk vkSj ewY;oku ekus tkrs gSaA

rhu nqyZHk vo'ks"kksa esa ls ,d ikap lkSvgZj igkM+ dk panu dke gS] tks ;Äg eafnjds /ekZpØ Hkou ds fiNys gky esa lqjf{krgSA panu dk"B dk ;g rjk'kh dke pkj ehVjÅapk vkSj rhu ehVj yEck gSA panu ydM+hdk jax cSaxuh gS vkSj lq{e rjk'kh ls ,d

igkM+ •ksnk x;k gS] bl rjk'kh dke esa 'kkarigkM+h oknh gS] gjsHkjs nsorkj o`{k gSa]lqUnjixksMk gS] çkphu 'kSyh ds Hkou eaMi gS]xqiQk,a gSa] iRFkj ds iFk gSa] lhf<;ka gSa] iqy gS]tks >jukvksa ls tqM+s gq,s gSaA rjk'kh ds dkelq{;] fp=k lqUnj vkSj vuwBs gSaA igkM+ ijikap lkS vgZjksa dh NksVh NksVh eqfrZ;ka •ksnhxbZ gSa] tks csgn lq{e vkSj fofo/ ltho eqækesa thrk tkxrk gksrh gSA ;g eqfrZdyk vkSjrjk'kh dyk dh vn~Hkqr dherh Ñfr gS] cM+sviQlksl dh ckr ;g gS fd dkykarj esa bldyk Ñfr esa dsoy 449 vgZj eqfrZ;ka jg x;hgSaA

;Äg eafnj esa lqjf{kr nwljk nqyZHkvewY; vo'ks"k eS=ks; dh fo'kky çrhek gS]tks fo'kky cq¼ Hkou esa •M+h gqbZ gSA fo'kkycq¼ Hkou eafnj dk lc ls Åapk eaMi gS] tksrhl ehVj Åapk gS] Hkou ds rhu eaftyk NTtsgSa] reke ds reke fuekZ.k ydM+h ds gSa] ckgjns•us ij Hkou rhu NTtksa okyk fn•rk gS] ijHkhrj esa uhps ls Åij rd lewpk Hkou ,deaftyk gS] chp esa liQsn jax ds panu dk"Bdh fo'kky eS=ks; çrhek •M+h gS] lewphçrhek 26 ehVj Åaph gS] ftl dk vkB ehVjfupyk Hkkx tehu ds vUnj xM+k;k x;k gSAckgj 18 ehVj Åaph çrhek tks •M+h gS] mldk O;kl vkB ehVj pkSM+k gS vkSj ml dkiwjk otu 100 Vu gS] ;g fo'o esa lc lscM+h ,dy ydM+h dh çrhek gSA o"kZ 1979esa tc eafnj dk th.kkZs¼kj fd;k tk jgk Fkk]rks irk pyk Fkk fd tehu ds uhps tks vkBehVj dh panu ydM+h xkM+h xbZ gS] nks lkSlkyksa ds yEcs le; xqtjus ds ckn Hkh vcydM+h cgqr etcwr vkSj dM+h gS vkSj vPNhrjg lqjf{kr jgh gSA bl ls tkfgj gksrk gS fd

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phu ds çkphu dykdkj dk"B eqfrZ dykrFkk dykÑfr laj{k.k ij vuqie Lrj ijigqap x, FksA

;Äg eafnj esa lqjf{kr rhljk nqyZHkvewY; vo'ks"k cq¼ vkyksdu Hkou dh cq¼eqfrZ gSA bl esa 'kkD;keqfu dh dkaL; eqfrZ gS]eqfrZ ds ihB ihNs vkyksdu vkyk gS] tksvewY; ukaew ydM+h ls lq{; udk'k djcuk;k x;k gS] udk'kh dk dke vn~Hkqr vkSjvuqie gSA vkyk Hkou ds iQ'kZ ls Åij Nrrd lh/k •M+k gS] tks nks dejksa dh Å¡pkbZls Åapk gSA lq;kZLr dh jks'kuh esa dkaL; cq¼eqfrZ 'kku ls •M+h utj vkrh gS] ml ds fljds ihNs ihry ds niZ.k vkyksdu rkd lsfdj.kksa dk pkjksa vksj fofdj.k dj nsrs gSa]ftl ls Hkou esa tyrh vej cfÙk;ksa dhjks'kuh feyus ls iwjk Hkou vkyksfdr gks mBrkgSA Hkou esa vkyk nks LraHkksa ij vk/kfjr gS]Åaps fo'kky LraHkksa ij 99 MªSxuksa ds lqugjsfp=k udk'k fd, x, gSa] tks mÙke vkSj thrktkxrk yxrk gSA

;Äg eafnj esa fofHkUu okLrq fuekZ.kksa dh'kSyh vkSj lTtk ltkoV Hkh cgqr lqUnj vkSjvuwBs gSA ogka dk /ekZpØ Hkou ØkWl vkdkjesa cuk;k x;k gS] Hkou dh cká Nr frCcrh'kSyh esa ikap Lof.kZ; ixksMk tSlk fufeZr gqvkgS] tks gku o frCcrh okLrq 'kSyh dk mRÑ"VfeJ.k gSA eafnj esa lqjf{kr vkys• LraHkksa ijgku vkSj eku] frCcrh vkSj eaxksy pkjHkk"kkvksa esa fNax jkT;oa'k ds lezkV ds gkFkksafy•k ykek dk bfrgkl vafdr gS] bl lsfNax jktoa'k dh /kfeZd uhfr vfHkO;ÙkQ gqbZgS vkSj phu dh fofHkUu tkfr;ksa dh ,drkO;ÙkQ gksrh gSA ;Äg eafnj o"kZ 1981 ls phuhvkSj fons'kh yksxksa ds fy, •ksyk x;k] rc lsgj lky dksbZ lkS yk• yksx eafnj dk n'kZudjus vkSj iwtk djus vkrs gSaA vkt dk ;Ägeafnjk ckS/ /eZ dk rhFkZ LFky gksus ds lkFkgku] eku] frCcr rFkk eaxksy tkfr;ksa dhdyk •tkuk cu x;kA

;qudkax xqiQk;qudkax xqiQk mÙkj phu ds 'kkulh çkar

ds rkrqÄ 'kgj ds if'pe esa 16 fdyksehVjnwj fLFkr oqpkvks igkM+ dh nf{k.kh rygVh esagSA bl xqiQk lewg dh •qnkbZ dk dke mÙkjhoqbZ jktoa'k ds f'kÄvku dky ds nwljs lky;kuh bZlk 453 esa 'kq: gqvk Fkk] vf/dka'kdke mÙkjh oqbZ jktoa'k dh jkt/kuh yks;kax

esa LFkkukarfjr gksus ls igy (bZlk 494) esaiwjk gks x;k] xqiQk lewg esa cq¼ dh eqfrZ;kacukus dk dke bl jktoa'k ds pÄDokaxdky (bZlk 520&&525) rd tkjh jgkA ;gxqiQk lewg igkM+h <yku ij cuk;k x;k gS]tksiwoZ if'pe dh fn'kk esa dksbZ ,d fdyksehVjyEck iQSyk gSA xqiQk ns•us esa cgqr vkyh'kkuvkSj fo'kky gS] xqiQkvksa esa fufeZr dykÑfr;ka cs'kekj gS] vkt rd Hkh 45 xqiQk,a]nks lkS 52 vkys rFkk 51 gtkj eqfrZ;ka lqjf{krgSa] lc ls cM+h cq¼ eqfrZ 17 ehVj Åaph gSvkSj lc ls NksVh okyh dsoy dqN lsaVhehVjAxqiQkvksa esa ckSf/Rloksa] otz/jksa vkSj mM+uifj;ksa dh rLohjsa vR;Ur ltho gS vkSj çLrjLraHkksa ij rjk'k dh dyk Ñfr;ka lw{e vkSjthrk tkxrk gSA bu dyk Ñfr;ksa esa phu dsfNu vkSj gku jktoa'kksa ( bZlkiwoZ221&&bZLoh 220 ) dh oLrqoknh dyk fof/fojklr esa viuk;h xbZ Fkh vkSj Loh o Fkkaxjktoa'kksa (bZlk 581&&907) dh jksekfVddyk ijEijk dk Jhx.ks"k fd;k x;kA;qudkax xqiQk dkalw çkar ds Roqugqax dhedkvks xqiQk rFkk guku çkar dh yqÄeu xqiQkdks feyk dj phu dk f=k egk xqiQk lewgdgk tkrk gS] tks fo'ofo[;kr çLrj dyk•tkuk dgykrk gSA

;qudkax xqiQk dh cq¼ eqfrZ;kafo"k;oLrq dh n`f"V ls fofo/ vkSj çpwj gSa]ns•us esa HkO; vkSj fnO; yxrh gSa] tks ikapoha'krkCnh dh phu dh çLrj eqfrZ dyk dhpksVh dh Ñfr ekuh tkrh gS vkSj çkphu phudh eqfrZ dyk dk •tkuk ls lEekfur gSA blxqiQk lewg dk fuekZ.k dke iwoZorhZ] eè; omÙkj rhu dkyksa esa caVk gqvk Fkk] fofHkUudkyksa esa fufeZr xqiQkvksa dh 'kSyh Hkh vyx

vyx gksrh gSAiwoZorhZ dky esa •ksnh xbZçHkqçdk'k uke dh iap xqiQk,a vn~Hkqr egkuvkSj fnO; fn•rh gSa] bl çdkj dh eqfrZ dykesa if'peh {ks=k dh vkstLoh vkSj lgtrk dhfo'ks"krk çfrfcafcr gksrh gS] eè; dky esa•ksnh xbZ xqiQkvksa dh fo'ks"krk rjk'k dkdke lw{e vkSj ckjhdh gksus esa ik;h tkrh gS]ltkoV lqUnj vkSj pedhyk gS vkSj dykfof/ ifjorZu'khy gS] ftl esa mÙkjh oqbZjkT;dky dh oSHko rFkk vkyadkfjrk dhdyk 'kSyh vfHkO;ÙkQ gksrh gSA mÙkj dky esa•ksnh xbZ xqiQk,a vkdkj çdkj esa NksVh gksxbZ] ij mu esa cuk;h xbZ ekuo dh vkÑfrlqUnj vkSj lqMkSy gS vkSj 'kjhj dk vuqikrlVhd gS] bl çdkj dh dyk 'kSyh mÙkjphu dh xqiQk dyk dh felky cu xbZ vkSjlqMkSy vkSj rh{.k ekuo rLohj cukus okyhdyk ijEijk dk çkjafHkd :i FkkA bu dsvykok ;qudkax xqiQk esa tks urZdksa vkSj uVukVdksa ds rjk'kh fp=k lqjf{kr jgs gSa] mu esals rRdky esa ckS/ /eZ ds yksdfç; gksus rFkkmÙkjh oqbZ jktoa'k ds lkekftd thou dh>yd feyrh gSA

;qudkax xqiQk esa lfp=k :i ls ckS/dyk ds Hkkjr vkSj eè; ,f'k;k ls phu esafodflr gksus dk ,frgkfld fodkl Øevafdr gqvk Fkk vkSj phu esa ckS/ /eZ dheqfrZ dyk dk phuhdj.k rFkk /eZfujis{k gksusdh çfØ;k çfrfcafcr gqbZ gSA ckS/ /eZ dhvusdksa eqfrZ dyk 'kSfy;ksa dk ;qudkax xqiQkesa vHkwriwoZ foy; gks x;k vkSj bl ls;qudkax 'kSyh dk tUe gqvk] tks phu dhckS/ eqfrZ dyk dh ubZ l`tu dh 'kq:vkrhcu xbZA Roqugqax dh edkvks xqiQk vkSjyqÄeu xqiQk ds mÙkjh oqbZ jkT;dkyhu eqfrZ

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] ebZ ] 2013

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dyk ij ;qudkax dk Li"V çHkko iM+k FkkA;qudkax xqiQk xqiQk dyk dk phuhdj.k

gksus dh 'kq:vkr Fkh] ml ds eè; dky dhxqiQkvksa esa phuh uktegy dh LFkkiR; dykdk çHkko iM+k Fkk] bl ls vkxs py dj ckS/eqfrZ dyk esa phuh 'kSyh dk vkyk vfLrRoesa vk;k vkSj bl 'kSyh dk mÙkjorhZ dkyksa esaxqiQkvksa vkSj eafnjksa ds fuekZ.k esa O;kidç;ksx fd;k x;kA;qudkax ds mÙkj dky esaxqiQk ds Hkhrjh foU;kl vkSj ltkoV esa phuhokLrq dyk dk xk<+k çHkko iM+rk Fkk] bl ls;g tkfgj gS fd ckS/ /eZ dh dyk phu ds:i esa xgu :i ls fodflr gks xbZ FkhA

;qudkax xqiQk o"kZ 2001 ds iQjojh ekgesa fo'o fojklr lwph esa 'kkfey dh xbZAfo'o fojklr desVh dk ewY;kadu gS fd'kkulh çkar ds rkrqÄ 'kgj esa fLFkr ;qudkaxxqiQk ikapoha vkSj NBh 'krkfCn;ksa dh phu dhmÙke ckS/ xqiQk dyk dk çfrfuf/Ro djrhgSA xqiQk lewg dh çHkqçdk'k rkjk uke dhikap xqiQk,a fMtkbu] foU;kl rFkk fuekZ.k esaifjÑ"V vkSj ,dhÑr gS vkSj phuh ckS?k dykds çFke mRd"kZ fodkl dky dh vlk/kj.kÑfr gSA

yq'kku ioZr dh dgkuh nf{k.k phu ds P;kaxlh çkar esa •M+k

yq'kku ioZr vius vuwBs çkÑfrd lkSan;Z lsfo'ofo[;kr gS] ftl ds ckjs esa çkphu dkyls gh cM+h ek=kk esa fdonafr;ka çpfyr jghA

yq'kku ioZr nf{k.k phu ds P;kaxlhçkar ds mÙkjh Hkkx esa fLFkr gS] tks vkyh'kku]vuks•k] •rjukd vkSj lkSe; gksus ds dkj.kns'k fons'k esa e'kgwj gSA çkphu dky ls vcrd cM+h la[;k esa lkaLÑfrd gfLr;ksa us ioZresa vk vk dj dykl`f"V dh] mu dhdforkvksa vkSj fp=kksa us yq'kku ioZr dks ,difo=k LFky dk :i ns fn;kA bZLoh vkBoha'krkCnh ds Fkkax jktoa'k ds egku dfo yhikbZ us yq'kku ioZr ds tyçikr ds lkSan;Z dso.kZu esa tks dfork fy•h Fkh] og lfn;ksa lsphu esa yksdfç; jgh vkSj çfl¼ jghA dforkbl çdkj dh gS% lq;Z dh fdj.k iM+h gS /wicÙkh ik=k ij] gYdk gYdk mB iM+k gScSaxuh /qavka Åij dh vksj] nwj nwj ls ml dhvksj fuxkg nkSM+k] lh/h pêðku ij ls Vidktyçikr vuks•kA osx xfr ls cgrk gS ekuksvkleku ls] miQurh iQqVokjk NksM+rh rhugtkj xt] yxrk lHkh dks og xaxk vkdk'k

gks] LoxZ ds ukSosa yksd ls vk;k gS bl ioZrijA phu ds lqu jktoa'k (bZLoh960&&1127) ds lqçfl¼ lkfgR;dkj lqrqaxiks us vusd ckj yq'kku ioZr dk nkSjkfd;k] ioZr dh if'peh pêðku ds o.kZu esaml us tks dfork fy•h Fkh] ml esa nk'kZfudfopkj fufgr gS vkSj vkt rd phfu;ksa }kjkvius ys•u esa ç;ksx fd;k tkrk gSA dforkdk vFkZ gS% bl rjiQ ls ns•s] curh gS pêðkuogh] ml rjiQ ns•s] mHkjrh gS pksVh ;gh] nwjnwj dk uhpk NksVk] utnhd okyk Åapkfn•rkA ugha tku ldrk gS yq'kku dk psgjkvlyh] fdUrq le> vkrk gS blh ioZr esalekxr gS ge lPpA bl nk'kZfud rdZ fufgrdfork us yq'kku ioZr dks vkSj jgL;e;cuk;k gSA

yq'kku dk nwljk uke gS [okax'kku]dgk tkrk gS fd bZlk iwoZ pkSFkh 'krkCnh esa pksjktoa'k ds ,d Jheku [okax 'kq ds uke lse'kgwj Fkk] og o"kks± ls yq'kku ioZr esa rkvks/eZ ds vykSfdd dke dh •kst esa tqVk FkkApks jktoa'k ds jktk dks [okax 'kq dh ;ksX;rkdh •cj feyh] rks ml us [okax 'kq dkscqykok ds fy, vkneh HkstkA ysfdu •okax'kq us gj ckj jktk ds fuea=k.k dks vLohdkjkvkSj og ioZr ds xgu oknh esa Hkh tk NqisAckn esa [okax 'kq dk vrk irk Hkh ugha jgk]yksx dgrs Fks fd og nsork cu dj vn`';gks x;k FkkA ml dh ;kn esa yq'kku dks [okax'kku ds uke ls Hkh dgykus yxkA

bZLoh 381 esa phu ds iwohZ P;sujktoa'k ds dky esa /ekZpk;Z Þoh;qu viuspsyksa ds lkFk yq'kku ioZr esa vk,A LFkkuh;inkf/dkjh dh enn esa Þoh ;qu us rqaxfyueB cuk;k] tks vkxs py dj ckS/ /eZ ds

egk;ku dh ,d eq[; 'kk•k && lq•oVhlaçnk; dk tUe LFky cu x;kA bl rjgyq'kku Hkh nf{k.k phu esa ckS/ /eZ dk çeq•dsUæ cu x;kA /ekZpk;Z Þoh;qu us yq'kkuioZr esa 38 lky rd riL;k fd;k] ml usdM+kbZ ls ckS/ /eZ ds fofHkUu 'khyksa dkikyu fd;k vkSj xgjh flf¼ Hkh çkIr dhA

rqaxfyu eB vkSj /ekZpk;Z Þoh;qu dslaca/ esa vkt rd /kfeZd txr esa cgqr lsfnyd'k dFkk,a çpfyr gSA dgk tkrk Fkkfd rqaxfyu eB ds fuekZ.k esa lkexzh vi;kZIrgksus dh leL;k dks lqy>kus esa Þoh;qu jkstfnekx •ikrk jgkA vpkud ,d jkrvkdk'k esa fctyh pedh vkSj eqlyk/kjo"kkZ gqbZ] lHkh yksx dejksa esa :d dj ckgjugha tk ik,A nwljs fnu o"kkZ Fkeh] ckny NaVx;k] tehu ij ikuh dk ,d rkykc cu djutj vk;k] ikuh ij cM+h ek=kk esa ydM+hfrjrh jghA Þoh;qu le>rk Fkk fd ;s ydM+hnsork }kjk rqaxfyu eB ds fuekZ.k ds fy,igqapk;h xbZ FkhA bu ydfM+;ksa ls eB dk ,dHkO; Hkou cuk;k x;kA Þoh;qu us bl Hkoudk uke fnO; ifjogZu Hkou rFkk ml rkykcdk uke ydM+h rkykc j•sA

rqaxfyu eB ds lkeus dey dk ,drkykc gS] rkykc esa ikuh LoPN] ygjnkj gS]gjs gjs iÙkksa ds chp liQsn dey ds iQqy>kadrs gSa] okrkoj.k vR;Ur 'kkar vkSj lqUnjgSA dgk tkrk gS fd liQsn dey dk ;grkykc iwohZ P;su jktdky ds e'kgwj dfo';s fyaxÕosu us •qnok;k FkkA ';s fyaxÕosuiwohZ P;su jktoa'k ds lqçfl¼ jktuhfrK ';su'oku dk ijiksrk Fkk vkSj phu ds lqçfl¼fyfidkj okax f'kth dk Hkrhtk FkkA ogçfrHkk'kkyh vkSj •eaMh Hkh FkkA ,d ckj og

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yq'kku ioZr vk;k vkSj /ekZpk;Z Þoh;qu dsusr`Ro okys liQsn dey la?k esa Hkkx ysukpkgrk FkkA ysfdu Þoh ;qu us ml dk vkosnuLohdkj ugha fd;kA ml us ';s fyaxÕosu lsdgk fd rqEgkjk LokHkko ispnk gS] csgrj gSfd rqe igys rhu rkykc •ksns] tc rqEgkjkâ| dey dh Hkkafr 'kq¼ vkSj 'kkar cu x;k]rc rqe la?k esa 'kkfey gksA ukpkj gks dj ';sfyaxÕosu dks rhu rkykck •ksnuk iM+kA blhds ckn og liQsn dey la?k esa nkf•y gksx;kA Þoh ;qu vkSj ';s fyaxÕosu esa Kku ijxgu :i esa ckrphr gqbZ vkSj nksuksa esa xk<+knksLrh dk;e gqbZA Þoh ;qu ds egkfuokZ.k ij';s fyaxÕosu dks csgn nq• gqbZ] ml us nwjP;ku •kax ls yq'kku vk dj Þoh ;qu dhLe`fr esa lekf/ dk vkys• fy•kA

yq'kku ioZr esa phu dh lfn;ksa iqjkuhlkaLÑfrd ijEijk xfHkZr jgrh gS vkSj vlk/kj.k lqUnj çkÑfrd n`'; feyrk gS] og phuds çeq• n'kZuh; {ks=kksa esa ,d çeq• lFky gSA

yqÄeu xqiQk yqÄeu xqiQk eè; phu ds guku çkar

ds yks;kax 'kgj ds nf{k.k esa 12-5 fdyksehVjnwj yqÄeu ?kkVh dh nksuksa vksj lh/h •M+hpêðkuksa ij vofLFkr gSA ;gka ?kkVh ds nksuksafdukjksa ij nks igkM+ •M+s gSa] ftl ds chpbZLoh unh cgrh gqbZ xqtj jgh gS] nwj ls ns•usesa og ,d cM+k lk }kj •qyk tku iM+rk gS]vr% ;g LFkku bZLoh }kj ds uke ls tks 'kq:esa e'kgwj Fkk] phu ds Fkkax jktoa'k ds cknml dk uke cny dj yqÄeu dgykus yxk]phuh Hkk"kk esa yqÄ eu dk vFkZ gS MªSxu dk

}kjA yqÄeu ns'k ds çeq• jkt ekxZ ij gS];gka ekSle lqgkouk gksrk gS vkSj çkÑfrdn`'; vR;Ur lqUnj gS] çkphu dky ls gh ogdykdkjksa vkSj lkfgR;dkjksa dk euilani;ZVu LFky jgkA yqÄeu esa igkM+h pêðkuksadk iRFkj xq.koÙkk esa cf<;k vkSj dM+k gS]tksçLrj rjk'k ds dkfcyk gS];gh ij çkphudky esa ckS/ /eZ dh xqiQk •ksnh xbZA

yqÄeu xqiQk phu ds dkalw çkar dsRoqugqax dh edkvks xqiQk vkSj 'kkulh çkar dsrkFkÄ dh ;qUdkax xqiQk ds lkFk fey djphu dh f=k çLrj eqfrZ dyk •tkuk ekuktkrk gSA yÄeu xqiQk dh •qnkbZ mÙkjh oqbZjktoa'k ds jktk ';ksoqurh ds 'kklu dky (bZLoh 386&&512) esa vkjaHk gqbZ Fkh] yxkrkjpkj lkS lkyksa ds ckn xqiQkvksa dk lewg :iys dj iwjk fuekZ.k lekIr gks x;kA ;g xqiQklewg vc rd ,d gtkj ikap lkS lky iqjkukgks x;k gSA yqÄeu xqiQk lewg mÙkj nf{k.k esa,d fdyksehVj yEck gS] ftl esa vc ,dgtkj rhu lkS ls vf/d xqiQk,a lqjf{kr gSa]ftu esa nks gtkj rhu lkS 45 vkys] rhu gtkjNS lkS ls T;knk f'kykys•] ipkl ls T;knkLrwi] 98 gtkj ls vf/r cq¼ eqfrZ;ka miyC/gSaA xqiQk lewg esa fiu;kaxpqax xqiQk] iQÄ';kueB rFkk dq;kax xqiQk çrhd okyk xqiQk gSA

fiu;kaxpqax xqiQk mÙkjh oqbZ jkT;dky (386&&512) dk çfrfufuf/Ro j•us okyhxqiQk Ñfr gS] bl dh •qnkbZ esa 24 lky dkyEck le; yxk Fkk] ;g le; ogka dhfdlh vU; xqiQk ds fuekZ.k le; ls vf/dFkk] xqiQk esa 11 cM+h cM+h cq¼ eqfrZ;ka •ksnh

xbZ] eq[; çrhek 'kkD;equh dk eq•M+k lkSE;vkSj lw{e gS] tks vuUr 'kkafr dh eqæk esa gS];g eqfrZ mÙkjh oqbZ jT;dky ds ekè;feddky dh mRÑ"V eqfrZ dyk Ñfr gSA'kkD;equh çrhek ds f'kykU;kl ij nks'kfÙkQoku ik"kk.k flag •qns gS] çrhek ds nksuksacxy esa cq¼ ds nks f'k"; rFkk nks ckSf/Rlo•M+s gSa] nksuksa ckSf/Rlo eqLdku dh eqæk esacgqr 'khyoku vkSj Lusgh yxrs gSaA bl xqiQkesa cM+h la[;k esa ckSf/Rloksa vkSj cq¼ f'k";ksa}kjk cq¼ dk mins'k lquus dh mHkjka rLohjsarjk'kh xbZ gSa] tks vR;Ur thrk tkxrk gksrh gSAxqiQk dh Hkhrjh Nr ij mM+uijh fp=k cgqrltho gksrk gSA

iQÄ';ku eB yqÄeu xqiQk lewg dhlc ls cMh xqiQk gS] og Fkkax jkT;dky(bZLoh 618&&904) dh çLrj eqfrZ dyk dkçfrfuf/Ro j•us okyh Ñfr gSA ;g xqiQkyEckbZ vkSj pkSM+kbZ esa rhl rhl ehVj cM+h gSAiQÄ';ku eB dk eqfrZ lewg ,d veksy Js"Bdyk Ñfr gS] ftl esa oSjkspu dh eqfrZ pksVhdh mRÑ"V dyk Ñfr fl¼ gqbZ gS] oSjkspudh ;g eqfrZ 17 ehVj Åaph gS] lqMkSy] lq'khyvkSj cM+h ltho yxrh gSA ml ds cqf¼ekuus=k FkksM+s uhps dh vksj fugkjrs gSa] tks Åijdh vksj rkdus okys n'kZdksa dh utj ls tkfeyrh gS] bl ls n'kZdksa ds fny dks çHkkforfd tk ldrk gS vkSj ,d çdkj dhdykRed eksgd 'kfÙkQ iSnk gksrh gSA

dq;kax xqiQk yqÄeu xqiQk lewg dh,d ,slh xqiQk gS] ftl dk fuekZ.k lc lsigys 'kq: fd;k x;k Fkk vkSj ftl esa lqjf{krdyk ?kjksgj lc ls T;knk gSaA dq;kax xqiQk HkhmÙkjh oqbZ jkT; dky esa •ksnh xbZ Fkh] ml esacM+h ek=kk esa cq¼ dh efrZ;ka miyC/ gSa]fofHkUu eqfrZ;ksa ds lanHkZ esa vkys• Hkh feyldrs gSa] ftu esa eqfrZ fuekZrkvksa ds uke]fuekZ.k dh frfFk vkSj fuekZ.k dk dkj.kmfYyf•r gSaA ;s lkexzh mÙkjh oqbZ jktoa'kdh fyfi dyk o eqfrZ dyk ij vuqla/ku dsfy, cgqr ewY;oku gSA phu ds fyfi dykbfrgkl esa ehy iRFkj dk egRo j•us okyhyqÄeu dh 12 egku Ñfr;ka blh xqiQk esalqjf{kr gSaA yqÄeu dh 12 fyfi dyk Ñfr;kamÙkjh oqbZ jktoa'k dh f'kykys• dyk fo'ks"kdk çfrfuf/Ro djrh gSa] bu fyfi Ñfr;ksa esav{kj lqxfBr] lq:i] rst 'kfÙkQ ls vyaÑrgSA ;s fyfi Ñfr;ka yqÄeu xqiQk lewg dh

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f'kykys• dyk dh vrwY; jpuk,a gSa] tkslfn;ksa ls yksdfç; vkSj loZekU; pyh vkrhgSA

yqÄeu xqiQk esa cM+h rknkn esa /eZ]yfyr dyk] fyfi dyk] laxhr] oL=kvkHkw"k.k] nok vkS"kf/] LFkkiR; rFkk phu ofons'kksa ds chp ;krk;kr ekxZ ds ckjs esa lanHkZlkexzh vkSj Bksl phtsa lqjf{kr gSa] blfy, mlsçLrj eqfrZ dyk dk ,d fo'kky laxzgky;Hkh dgk tk ldrk gSA

yqÄeu xqiQk 30 uoEcj 2000 dksfo'o lkaLÑfrd fojklr p;u ekinaM dsvuqlkj fo'o fojklr lwph esa 'kkfey dhxbZA fo'o fojklr desVh us bl dk bu 'kCnksaesa ewY;kadu fd;k fd yqÄeu {ks=k dhxqiQkvksa vkSj cq¼ eqfrZ;ksa ls phu ds mÙkjh oqbZjktoa'k ds mÙkj dky ls Fkkax jkT;dky rd(bZLoh 493&&907) dh lc ls cM+s iSekusokyh loZJs"B eqfrZ dyk n`f"Vxkspj gksrh gSAckS/ /eZ dh dgkuh crkus okyh ;s dykÑfr;ka phu dh çLrj eqfrZ dyk dh mPprepksVh dk çfrfuf/Ro djrh gSaA

;ax dkÅaVh dk dk"B ixksM+kphu ds fofHkUu LFkkuksa esa gtkjksa ixksMk

miyC/ gSaA ckS/ /eZ Hkkjr ls phu vk;k gS]ij phu esa ckS¼ Lrwi dh txg fufeZr ixksMkdh fuekZ.k 'kSyh esa phu dh ijEijkxr okLrqfo'ks"krk dk feJ.k gqvk gS] ftl ls phuh'kSyh ds ixksMk fofo/ :iksa esa fey ldrs gSaA

mÙkj phu ds 'kkulh çkar dh ;axdkÅaVh esa fLFkr cq¼ fogkj esa •M+k ixksMk;ax dkÅaVh ds dk"B ixksMk ds uke lse'kgwj gSA ;g ixksMk dk fuekZ.k o"kZ 1056ds Y;kvks jkT; dky ds 'kq:vkrh dky esa'kq: gqvk Fkk] 140 lky ckn ixksMk dkreke dke iwjk gks x;kA ydM+h dk ;g ÅapkixksMk pkj ehVj Åaps f'kyk/kj ij •M+k gS]ydM+h dk ixksMk 70 ehVj Åapk gS] ftl dhryh eafty dk O;kl 30 ehVj pkSM+k gS] iwjsixksMk ds fuekZ.k esa yky jax ds nsonkj isM+ds rhu gtkj ?ku ehVj dh ydM+h dk ç;ksxfd;k x;k] tks 3000 Vu Hkkjh gSA

;ax dkÅaVh dk dk"B ixksMk cukusesa phu ds gku jkT; dky( bZlk iwoZ206&&bZLoh 220) vkSj Fkkax jkT; dky (bZLoh 618&&907) esa çpfyr nksgjs NTtksaokyh okLrq 'kSyh viuk;h xbZ gS] ixksMk dkfMtkbu oSKkfud o lq{e gS rFkk ixksMk dh

lajpuk vuqie o tfVy gSA lewph ixksMkv"Bdks.k gS] ckgj ls ns•us ij ml dh egtikap eaftysa fn•kbZ nsrh gSa] vly esa ixksMk dsHkhrj vn`'; eaftyk cuk;h tkus ds dkj.kokLro esa bl dh ukS eaftysa gksrh gSaA gjeafty esa ydM+h ds LraHkksa ls ixksMk dksetcwr fd;k tkrk gS] ckgj vkSj vUnj dqy32 fo'kky dk"B LraHk •M+s fd, x,] vkSjLraHkksa ds chp /juksa vkSj Vsdksa ls fofHkUufn'kkvksa esa tksM+k x;k vkSj cgqr isphnk dk"Blajpuk cu xbZA ixksMk ds Hkhrjh fuekZ.kksa dkstksM+ksa vkSj /juksa dh tky ls ,d lewpkdke esa cuk;k x;kA gj eafty v"Bdks.kgksrh gS] ixksMk dh Åijh Nr yksg lsv"Bdks.k esa fuferZ gqbZ gS vkSj f'kyk/kjdeyklu gS] ixksMk /ekZpØ] vfXu lwpd]/kfeZd cksry rFkk eksrh ls ltk gS] tks ns•usesa cM+k 'kku xaHkhj fn•rk gSA ixksMk dhNTtksa ij NksVh NksVh ?kafV;ka yVdkbZ gqbZ gSa]tks gok ds >Vds esa lqjhyh vkokt nsrh gSaAixksMk dk iwjk dke vkyh'kku vkSj egku HkhgS vkSj lq{e vkSj mRÑ"V Hkh gSA

;ax dkÅaVh ds bl ixksMk ds fuekZ.kds ckn fiNys ukS lkS ls vf/d lkyksa esa ogkadbZ ckj Hkkjh Hkwadi vk;k Fkk] ij ixksMk oghtl ls rl •M+k jgkA ,frgkfld mYys• dsvuqlkj ixksMk ds fuekZ.k ds ckn rhu lkSlky esa ;ax dkÅaVh esa rhozrk ds 6-5 ntZs dkHkwdai vk;k vkSj yxkrkj lkr fnu rdHkwpky ds >Vds Hkh pys] ixksMk ds vkliklds lHkh edku <g iM+s Fks] ij dk"B dk ;gixksMk iwjh vPNh rjg lqjf{kr jgkA vk/qfud;qx esa ;ax dkÅaV ds fudV Hkh Hk;adj Hkwdaivk;s] ysfdu mu ls Hkh ixksMk dks uqdlku

ugha igqapkA ;q¼ksa ds le; ;ax dkÅaVh ds bl

dk"B ixksMk ij nks lkS xksys yxs Fks] ysfduml dk lewpk <kapk cckZn ugha gqvkA phu esacgqr ls çkphu ixksMk vklekuh fctyh fxjusls cckZn gq, Fks] ;ax dkÅaVh ds ixksMk ijHkh fctyh fxjh Fkh] ysfdu mls {kfr ughaigqaphA bu lHkh çdkj dh foifÙk;ksa ls ;axdkÅaVh dk dk"B ixksMk dSlk cp x;k]pqafd ixksMk dk <kapk dM+s oSKkfud fMtkbuls cuk;k x;k gSA elyu~ dk"B ixksMk cgqryksa vkSj eaftyksa esa cuk;k x;k] ftl lsixksMk dh Hkwdai ds >Vds dh jks/d {kerkmUur gks x;hA

ixksMk ,slh ydM+h ls cuk;k x;k gS]ftl dh xq.koÙkk yphyk gS] ftl dk vkdkjcká 'kfÙkQ ds ncko ls Hkh eqf'dy ls foÑrgksrk gSA ixksMk esa cM+h rknkn esa tksM+ksa] /juksa]Vsdksa vkSj NTtksa dk ç;ksx fd;k x;k] ftlls cká 'kfÙkQ ds ncko dks lgus dh 'kfÙkQc<+ xbZ gSA

;ax dkÅaVh ds dk"B ixksMk dh ckáNr ij yksg dk eksVh lqbZ :ih ltkoV gS] tks14 ehVj yEch gS] ml ls tqM+s ixksMk dsHkhrj vkB yksg taftj Hkh yxk;s x,] tkstehu ds uhps xM+s gSaA bl dke ls ixksMk dhcká Nr lqUnj lTtk Hkh gqbZ vkSj fctyh fxjiM+us ij ixksMk dks Hkh cpk;k tk ldrk gSA

;ax dkÅaVh dk dk"B ixksMk fo'o esalqjf{kr lc ls v•aM] vuwBh lajpuk rFkklqUnj cká vkdkj okyk çkphu Åapk fuekZ.kgSA bl ls tkfgj gksrk gS fd çkphu phuhf'kYih okLrq foKku ij vPNh rjg vf/dkjdj egku dfj'ek dj ldrs FksA

24

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Hkxoku cq¼ vkSj vorkjokn dk v/kwjk lR;� izHkkr VUMu

;g vthc lk fojks/kHkkl gS fd ,drjiQ rks fgUnw /eZ es Hkxoku cq¼ dks fo".kqdk uaok vorkj ekuk tkrk gSa vkSj nwljhrjiQ fgUnw efUnjksa esa cq¼ dh ewfrZ dks <w¡<ikuk ,d nqyZHk dk;Z gS A fiN~ys lky gfj}kjvkSj nsgkjnwu ls ykSVrs le; esjs eu es ;ghfopkj meMrs jgs A mu fnuksa gfj}kj es dksbZckS¼ lEesyu py jgk Fkk A ykSVrs le; esjheqykdkr Vªsu esa ftu efgyk ls gq;h ] og Hkhmlh lEesyu dk fgLlk Fkh A cukjl dh jgusokyh Jherh ekyrh frokjh lkjukFk esadsUæh; frCcrh vè;Uu fo'ofo|ky;( central University of TibetanStudies (CUTS) ] Sarnath ) esavè;kiu dk;Z djrh gSa A cq¼ /Ee es mudhxgu #fp Fkh vkSj ckrksa gh ckrksa eas Kkr gqvkfd mudk 'kks/ dk;Z Mka vEcsM~dj vkSjckS¼ /eZ ij dsfUær Fkk A ysfdu esjs blç'u ij og pqi jgh A xr o"kZ gh nhikoyhds vxys fnu JkoLrh tkus dk vpkudçksxzke cu x;k A JkoLrh ls ykSVrs le;cyjkeiqj esa ækSinh efUnj es Hkxoku cq¼ dhewfrZ dks ns•dj eS vpjt es iM x;kA Åijdk ;g fp=k mlh efUnj ls gh gSA vorkjokndh ;g fiQyksliQh esjs eu es dHkh Hkh ewrZ#i u ys ikbZ A vxj bZekunkjh ls Hkxoku cq¼dks fo".kq dk vorkj ekuk x;k gksrk rks gjeafnj esa vkt mudh ewfrZ gksrh A ysfdu ,slkD;wa gS fd Hkxoku cq¼ dks fgUnw /eZ esa iw.kZ#i ls Lohdkj ugh fd;k x;k A fgUnw iqjk.kksaes bls bl rjhds ls is'k fd;k x;k gS ftlsT;knkrj ckS¼ vLohdk;Z vkSj csgn vfç;ekurs gSaA dqN iqjk.kksa esa ,slk dgk x;k gS fdHkxoku fo".kq us cq¼ vorkj blfy;s fy;kFkk ftlls fd oks ¶>wBs mins'k¸ iQSykdj¶vlqjksa¸ dks lPps oSfnd /eZ ls nwj djldsa] ftlls nsork muij thr gkfly djldsaA bldk eryc gS fd cq¼ rks ¶nsork¸gSa] ysfdu muds mins'k >wBs vkSj <ksax gSaA ;sckS¼ksa ds fo'okl ls ,dne mYVk gS% ckS¼xkSre cq¼ dks dksbZ vorkj ;k nsork ughaekurs] ysfdu muds mins'kksa dks lR; ekurs

gSaA dqN fgUnw ys•dksa (tSls t;nso) us cknesa ;g Hkh dgk gS fd cq¼ fo".kq ds vorkjrks gSa] ysfdu fo".kq us ;s vorkj >wB dkçpkj djus ds fy;s ugha cfYd vU/k/qU/deZdk.M vkSj oSfnd i'kqcfy jksdus dsfy;s fd;k FkkA

ysfdu fiQj lp D;k gS \ D;k ;gczkgE.oknh ekufldrk dk ckS¼ n'kZu dkslks•us dh ,d pky Fkh \ laHkor% ;g ghlp gS !! exj dSls \ Jh vkyksd dqekjik.Ms; dh iqLrd ] ¶ çkphu Hkkjr tks eSusvHkh gky gh es fiQYidkMZ ls e¡xkbZ Fkh ] blfo"k; ij dkiQh çdk'k Mkyrh gS A vkyksdth tks lu 2002 cSp ds vkbZ,,l gSa ] mUgksusfu"i{k #i ls bldh foospuk dh gS A vkify•rs gSa ] yxHkx N~Bh bZ-iw- esa xaxk ?kkVh esajgus okyksa ds /kfeZd thou es vusdksaifjorZu ns•us dks feysA rRdkyhuijEijkoknh czkgE.k /kfeZd O;oLFkk dsfojks/ es yksx mB •Ms gq;s rFkk vkUnksyudk Lo#i bruk rhoz gks mBk fd bZ'oj dhlÙkk rd dks vLohdkj djus okys lEçnk;,oa er vfLrRo esa vk;s A rRdkyhu xzaFkksaesa yxHkx 62 eq[; vkSj vusd NksVs&NksVs/kfeZd lEçnk;ksa dk ifjp; feyrk gS tks bl

ckr dk ifjpk;d gS fd /eZ dh tMrk dsfo"k; es fdruk vlarks"k Fkk A ç'u mBrk gSfd og dkSu ls dkj.k Fks ftuds pyrs blçdkj dk /kfeZd vkUnksyu mB •Mk gqvkA bUgsa fuEe #i ls le>k tk ldrk gS %

û- vkfFkZd ü- /kfeZd ý- lkekftd þ-jktuSfrd

lEHkor% ukfLrd lEçnkvksa ds mn; dsihNs lcls egRoiw.kZ dkj.k vkfFkZd gh Fks A;g 'krh yksgs ds midj.kksa ds Ñf"k es ç;ksxgksus dh 'krh Fkh A gk¡ykfd blds iwoZ yksgsdk Kku gks pqdk Fkk fdUrq T;knrj os'kkL=kkL=k?a esa ç;qÙkQ gksrs Fks A ykSg midj.kksds Kku ls foLr`r eSnkuksa dh çkfIr gqbZ A blfoLrwr eSnku ij vc xgu Ñf"k çkjEHk gqbZftlls ,d oxZ dks •k| lkexzh dh fpUrkls eqfÙkQ feyh vkSj os O;kikj ] okf.kT; vkSjf'kYi dykvksa es yx x;s A •srh ds fy;si'kqvksa dh vko'k;drk iMh A fo'ks"k #i lsmu i'kqvksa dh tks Ñf"k ds dke vkrs Fkstcfd czkgE.k /eZ dh deZdk.Mh; ;KijEijk es cfy nh tkrh Fkh A blls ,d /kfeZd ¼an •Mk gqvk A Ñ"kd oxZ vkSj f'kYi;k okf.kT; ls tqMs gq;s yksxksa us czkgE.kh;ijEijk dk fojks/ fd;k A

vxj bZekunkjh lsHkxoku cq¼ dks fo".kqdk vorkj ekuk x;kgksrk rks gj eafnj esavkt mudh ewfrZ gksrhA ysfdu ,slk D;wa gSfd Hkxoku cq¼ dksfgUnw /eZ esa iw.kZ #ils Lohdkj ugh fd;kx;k A fgUnw iqjk.kksa esbls bl rjhds ls is'kfd;k x;k gS ftlsT;knkrj ckS¼vLohdk;Z vkSj csgnvfç; ekurs gSaA

^

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jke 'kj.k 'kekZ ds vuqlkj ] ¶ oSfndçFkkuqlkj i'kq va/k/qa/ ekjs tk jgs Fks ] ;g•srh dh çxfr es ck/d gqvk A ;fn ubZ Ñf"kewyd vFkZO;oLFkk dks cpkuk Fkk rks i'kq/u dks lafpr djuk vkok'k;d Fkk A ¸ blle; ftrus Hkh ukfLrd laçnkvksa us iuiukçkjEHk fd;k lcus czkgE.kh; O;oLFkk dkfojks/ fd;k A bu lcesa ckS¼ vkSj tSu /eks±dk Loj lokZf/d rhoz Fkk A bu laçnkvksa usi'kqvksa dks lq•nk vkSj vUunk dgk vkSjmuds o/ dk fojks/ fd;k A

;g le; O;kikj ] okf.kT; ,oa uxjh;Økafr dk le; Fkk A 600&323 bZ-iw- esayxHkx 62 uxjksa dk vfLrRo Fkk A O;kikjok.khT; ls çkIr /u dks ,d=k dj ds oS'k;oxZ us vius fuokl uxjksa es cuk;s AO;kikfj;ksa us fujarj czkgE.kh; O;oLFkk dkfojks/ fd;k A ,d vU; dkj.k oS'ko oxZdk bu lEçnkvksa dh vksj vkdf"kZr gksuk FkkD;ksafd O;kikj ls bl oxZ us vdwr /u çkIrdj fy;k Fkk tfCd gj rjiQ egÙkk czkgE.k?dh Fkh og bl le`¼ oxZ dks Lohdkj ughgqvk A vukFkfi.Md ] ?kksf"kr tSls fofHkUuJs"kfB;ksa us blh dkj.k ckS¼@tSu lEçnkvksadks eqÙkQ gLr nku fn;k A ½.k dk dk;ZczkgE.kh; ijEijkvksa es nwf"kr dk;Z dgk x;kFkk tcfd ;g oS'koksa rFkk O;ikfj;ksa dkeq[; dk;Z Fkk A bu lcds vfrfjÙkQ ukfLrdlEçnkvksa dk mn; pw¡fd czkgE.kh; ijEijkds fo#¼ gqvk Fkk blh dkj.k mudhlgkuqHkwfr gj ml oxZ ds çfr Fkh tks vkfFkZd#i ls detksj Fkk vkSj blh dkj.k buleLr oxZ? us ru ] eu vkSj /u ls bulEçnkvksa ds o/Zu gsrq dk;Z fd;k A bulEçnkvksa dk ,slk n`f"Vdks.k cq¼ ds mldFku ls feyrk gS ftles mgksus dgk fd ]¶ Ñ"kdksa dks cht ] Jfedksa dks mfprikfjJfed vkSj O;olkfl;ksa dks /u nsukpkfg;s A ¶

/kfeZd dkj.kksa ds pyrs gq;s Hkh tSu@ckS¼ lEçnk;ksa ds mn; dks cy feyk AczkgE.kh; O;oLFkk ] nsoksa dh Ñik dks ekuoksads 'kqHk ds fy;s vko'k;d ekurh Fkh A nsoksadks çlUu djus ds fy;s fofHkUu mik; fd;stk jgs Fks tks vc deZdk.Mksa esa cny x;sFks vkSj tfVy ls tfVyrj gksrs tk jgs Fks AoSfnd ½pkvksa dk LFkku ea=kksa us ys fy;k FkkrFkk ea=kksa ds ekè;e ls nsoksa dks o'k es djus

dh ckr dgh tk jgh Fkh tks ea=kksa dk Kkuugh j•rs Fks ] os vc tknw Vksus rFkk ra=k ea=kksadk lgkjk ysus yxs Fks A lekt dk fuEe oxZbuds pDdj es iQ¡l dj HkV~dko dh fLFkfres Fkk A ;g ,d vlarks"k dk dkj.k cukAi'kq cfy vkSj ;Kh; deZ dkaMa os nwljs rRoFks tks lkekU; turk dks d"V gh nsrs Fks Avusd Jksr ;K dbZ&dbZ o"kksZ rd pyrs Fksftlesa ;K djkus okys dks vusdksa nklnkfl;k¡ migkj Lo#i çnku dh tkrh Fkh Atgk¡ igys ö ½f"k;ksa }kjk ;K djk;k tkrkFkk ] mÙkj oSfnd dky es vkxs pydj budhl¡[;k ûö gks x;h FkhA nwljh vksj ukfLrdlEçnk us lnSo bldk fojks/ fd;k A cq¼us dgk ] ¶ czkgE.k ] ydMh ugh vfirqvkUrfjd T;ksfr tyk A ¶

lkekftd dkj.kksa dk Hkh ukfLrdlEçnkvksa ds mn; es egrh ;ksxnku FkkArRdkyhu lkekftd O;oLFkk esa pkj o.kZa dhLFkkiuk iw.kZ#is.k gks pqdh Fkh rFkk czkgE.k,ao Nf=k; ] nks lkekftd mPp o.kZ esalEefyr Fks tcfd oS'k; ,oa 'kwæ dks egRoçkIr ugh Fkk A bl çdkj lekt nks oxks± esfoHkkftr gks pqdk Fkk %

û- xSj mRiknd oxZ % czkgE.k] Nf=k;ü- mRiknd oxZ % oS'; ] 'kwælekt ds mRiknd oxZ gksrs gq;s Hkh

mfpr lEeku u gks ikus ds dkj.k oS'; ,ao'kwæksa oxks± es vlarks"k O;kIr Fkk A bruk gh ughlekt dk oj oxZ tks mRiknu es dgh'kkfey gh ugh Fkk lokZf/r miHkksx djrk FkkrFkk bls blds i'pkr vusdksa fo'ks"kf/dkjfeys gq;s Fks A rRdkyhu lkfgR; ls Kkr gksrkgS fd xkSre ] vkiLrac vkfn ½f"k;ksa us ,slhO;oLFkk cukbZ Fkh fd czkgE.k oxZ dkslokZf/d ?kksj vijk/ djus ij Hkh lclsde n~.M feyrk Fkk A oS'o oxZ O;ikjokf.kT; ds iQyLo#i vR;kf/d laink,df=kr dj pqdk Fkk fdUrq mls Hkh mfpr

vknj çkIr ugh gksrk Fkk A ¶ egktuh ] ½.kvkfn tSls dk;ks± dks czkgE.kh; O;oLFkk esvieku dh n`f"V ls ns•k tkrk Fkk ¶ jke'kj.k 'kekZ

'kwæksa dh n'kk rks vR;Ur •jkc Fkh A'kwæ o/ tSls vijk/ ds fy;s Hkh vijk/h dksogh n.M fn;k tkrk Fkk tks dkSos ] mywdvkfn dh gR;k ds fy;s fn;k tkrk Fkk A ekraxtkrd ,oa fpÙklaHkwr tkrdksa es nh gqbZ dFkk;sa'kwæksa ij gksus okys vR;kpkjksa dk o.kZ djrhgS A ukfLrd lEçnk; us bu lcdk çcyfojks/ fd;k A tgk¡ ,d vksj oS'oksa ds ½.k] egktuh ,oa nkl lEcU/h vf/dkjksa dksekU;rk nh ] ogh ckS¼ /eZ us lHkh o.kZ dsfy;s vius njokts •ksy fn;s A lkekftdlanHkZ esa Hkh cq¼ us tkfrokn dk ?kksj fojks/fd;k ] oLrqr% riLlq ,oa HkkYyqd tSls 'kwædks cq¼ us la?k es çFke ços'k fn;k A fofHkUu/kfeZd ik•aMks ,oa ;Kh; deZdkaMks dkmUgksus fojks/ fd;k rFkk ljy vkSjvkMEcjjfgr ekxZ dk çfriknu fd;k A cq¼us vius fl¼kar ikfy Hkk"kk es fn;s tkstulkekU; ,oa yksdksUeq•h Lo#i dks n'kkZrkgS A cq¼ us deZdkaMks dk fojks/ djus dsihNs eq[; rdZ ;g fn;k fd lekt es tUeds vuqlkj dksbZ mPp ;k fuEe ugh gksrk gSA mPprk dk fu/kZj.k deZ ls gksrk gS A blhçdkj czkgE.k ,oa Nf=k;ksa us Hkh ukfLrdlEçnkvksa tSls ckS¼ ,oa tSu lEçnkvksa dklg;ksx fd;k A

vk'kpZtud rF; ;g fd cq¼ ftumPp tkfr;ksa ds fo#¼ la?k"kZ dj jgs Fks la?kes lfEefyr gksus dk mudk çfr'kr lokZf/dFkk

;Fkk & tkfr vko`fr çfr'krNf=k; 706 51-5»czkgE.k 400 29-1»oS'ko 155 11-02»'kwæ 110 8-3»

26

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fHk{kqvksa dk tkrh; vk/kj ( fou; ,oalqÙk fiVd ds vk/kj ij ) lkHkkj % Jhvkyksd ikUMsA jktuSfrd dkj.kks dk ukfLrdlEçnkvksa ds mn; es nks çdkj ls ldjkRedmi;ksx jgk A

û- czkgE.k&jktU; ¼anü- x.kjkT;ksa dk Lora=k okrkoj.kczkgE.k ,oa {kf=k; jktU; oxZ ds eè;

mÙkjoSfnd dky ls ¼an vkjEHk gks pqdk FkkA çokg.tkckfy ] v'koifr rFkk fefFkyk dsfonsg tSls fo¼ku us dbZ czkgE.k dks Kku dsLrj ij fiNkMk Fkk A ifjfLFkfr;k¡ ,slh Fkhfd czkgE.k gj vksj ls ysus okys Fks tcfd{kf=k;ksa dks nsuk Hkh iMrk Fkk ,slh fLFkfr esa¼an lkeus tc vk;k rks okLrfod 'kfÙkQ{kf=k;ksa dks nsdj czkgE.k us vknjlwpd çFkeLFkku ys fy;k A ,slh fLFkfr esa ukfLrdlaçnkvksa us jktU; oxZ dk i{k fy;k vkSj blhdkj.k bl oxZ dk leFkZu gkfly fd;k Avtkr'k=kq ] fcEclkj ] çlsuftr vkSj vkxspydj v'kksd vkfn dk leFkZu ckS¼ ,aotSu /eZ dks u feyk gksrk rks bu /eZ dkokLrfod #i dqN vkSj gh gksrk A

gky gh esa fjyht gqbZ ¶ OH MYGOD ¶ ftUgksus ns•h gks og vklkuh lsle> ldrs gSa fd vorkj dSls vkSj D;wacuk;s tkrs gSa A fiQYe esa ijs'k jkoy (dkathyky dh Hkwfedk esa ) tc bZ'oj dsgksus ;k u gksus ij ç'u •Mk djrk gS ] /eZ ds uke ij /U/k dj jgs /a/soktksa dh tciksy •ksyus yxrk gS rks var es ogh nqdkupykus okys mldks gh vorkj ?kksf"kr dj nsrsgSa A cq¼ dks vorkj lkfcr djuk egt ,dfn•kok vkSj <ksax gS ] lp rks ;g gS fd cq¼/Ee vkSj fganw /eZ esa dgh nwj nwj rd dksbZlekurk ugh gS ] gk¡ lekurk gS fd fgUnw ]tSu ] flD• vkSj pkokZd n'kZu dh rjg cq¼/Ee dk n'kZu Hkh Hkkjr dh xkSjo'kkyhiajijk ls gh mRiUu gqvk gS - ;g fons'khlaLÑfr;ksa dh rjg fdlh dks tcju ;kykypo'k /ekZrj.k ij etcwj ugh djrk ]fdlh ds Åij fcykotg vR;kpkj djus dhvuqefr ugh nsrk ] gk¡ dqN lkspus dks etcwjvo'k; djrk gS A ;g vki ij fuHkZj djrkgS fd vius ¼hi vki voa; cuuk pkgrs gSa;k nwljs ds lgkjs viuh uS;k ikj djuk pkgrsgSa A vIi nhiks Hko ! ( viuk çdk'k Lo;acuks)

cq¼ ds fl¼kar ls #dsxk Hkz"VkpkjHkkjr dk bfrgkl bl

ckr dk lk{kh gS fd blns'k esa tc&tc ckS¼ /eZdetksj iM+k gS] rc&rcHkkjr esa Hkz"Vkpkj esa o`f¼gqbZ gSA ;FkkFkZ esa ckS¼ /eZds lokZsPp uSfrd ewY;çKk] 'khy] eS=kh vkSjd:.kk euq"; dks Hkz"Vkpkjdjus ls jksdrs gSa] mldklcls cM+k dkj.k ;g gSfd bu ewY;ksa vkSjlnkpj.k esa mPpdksfV dk ldkjkRed lg&laca/ gSA

vkt Hkkjr esa ckS¼ /eZ 'kuS&'kuS fodklksUeq• gS] ysfdu ;g orZeku esa bruhO;kid ,oa l'kÙkQ voLFkk esa ugha gS] tks Hkz"Vkpkj ds fo:¼ çHkkodkjh Hkwfedk dk fuokZgdj ldsA mldk eq[; dkj.k ;g gS fd orZeku Hkkjr esa cq¼ fojksf/;ksa vkSj Hkz"Vkpkj ijfo'okl djus okyksa dh la[;k vR;f/d gSA blfy, Hkkjr Hkz"Vkpkj ds fodkl ds fy,mi;qÙkQ mitkÅ Hkwfe gSA

ladqfpr vFkZ esa Hkz"Vkpkj dk vFkZ vuSfrd ,oa xSjdkuwuh ekè;e ls py&vpylaifÙk ,df=kr djuk gksrk gSA O;kid n`f"V ls f=kfiVd ds egRoiw.kZ xzaFk lqÙk fuikr dsijkHko lqÙk esa euq"; ds iru ds tks veaxy] vuSfrd ,oa v'kqHk deZ crk, gSa] os lHkhdeZ Hkz"Vkpkj esa o`f¼ djrs gSa] mnkgj.k ds fy, O;fHkpkj djuk] 'kjkc ihuk] tqvk&lêðk•syuk] >wB cksyuk] xSj dkuwuh ekè;e ls /u lap; djuk vkfn Hkz"Vkpkj dh ifjf/ esavkrs gSaA

bruk gh ugha] cfYd /kfeZd {ks=k esa çKkghu va/fo'okl vkSj ik•aMh deZdkaMksa dhvkM+ esa Hkz"Vkpkj nLrd ns pqdk gSA blds foijhr Hkxoku cq¼ us lqÙk fuikr esa ghegkeaxy lqÙk ds varxZr mu deks± dks crk;k gS] ftuds vuq'khyu ls Hkz"Vkpkj lekIrgks ldrk gSA

vusd varjjk"Vªh; laLFkkvksa ds loZs{k.kksa us ;g çekf.kr dj fn;k gS fd fo'o esa c<+rsgq, Hkz"Vkpkj ds ekeys esa Hkkjr dk LFkku vR;f/d Åapk vkSj fparktud gSA 30 ekpZ]2011 ds lekpkj i=kksa esa çdkf'kr lekpkj Hkz"V ns'kksa dh fyLV esa Hkkjr uacj pkj ij*i<+k Fkk] tks cgqr gh 'keZukd ckr gSA

ikWfyVhdy ,aM bdksuksfed fjLd dalyVSalh fyfeVsM (ihbZvkjlh) us Hkkjr dksHkz"Vkpkj ds ekeys esa 'kwU; ls nl vad ds iSekus ij 8-67 vad çnku fd, gSaA ftls irudh n`f"V ls Hkkjr ds fy, •rjs dh ?kaVh dgk tk ldrk gSA

bl fLFkfr dks ns•dj ;g Li"V ,oa fujis{k :i ls dgk tk ldrk gS fd vkt Hkkjresa Hkz"Vkpkj cM+h rhoz xfr ls iQSy jgk gSA ;gh ugha cfYd blds vfrfjÙkQ gR;k,a] cykRdkj]pksjh&MdSrh] u'kk•ksjh vkSj vigj.k tSls vijk/ taxy esa vkx dh rjg iQSy jgs gSa]ftlls lekt o jk"Vª dk iy iy esa uSfrd iru gks jgk gSA vkSj fo'o esa Hkkjr viuhlk• •ksrk tk jgk gSA

Hkkjr esa rsth ls c<+rs gq, Hkz"Vkpkj dks jksdus ds fy, cq¼ dk vuq'khyu gh ,d

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tc ge Hkkjr esa vrhr dh vksjn`f"Vikr djrs gSa rks ,d Li"V izrhr gksrh gSafd og vf/drj xkSjoiw.kZ jgk gSa] ;|fimldks dHkh&dHkh dky ds xrZ esa xksrk Hkhyxkuk iM+k gSaA mldk bfrgkl ijkØe]nk'kZfud fopkj rFkk /eZHkkouk dh ,dmTtoy xkFkk gSaA izkphu Hkkjr esa vusd½f"k] riLoh] 'kkS;Z&lai=k O;fDr rFkkizfrHkk'kkyh lezkV gq, gSa] vkSj vkt Hkh gemuds mPpkn'kZ ,oa thou dk;ksZ ls izsj.kkizkIr dj ldrs gSaaA ,sls gh egku~ iq:"kksa esav'kksd dh Hkh fxurh dh tkrh gSaA mldspfj=k rFkk xq.kksa vkSj liQy m|ksxksa dk iw.kZ:i ls fnXn'kZu djkus ds fy, ,sfrgkfldksaus mldh rqyuk lalkj ds fofHkUu ns'kksa dsdfri; 'kfDr'kkyh ,oa izrkih jktkvksa ls dhgSaA ;Fkk] dqN fo}kuksa ds erkuqlkj tSls jksseds vf/ifr dkUlVsaVkbu us bZlkbZ /eZ dksviuk; vkSj mlds izlkj esa lgk;rk nh] mlhizdkj v'kksd ds iz;Ur ls ckS¼ /eZ dhmRifRi gqbZ vkSj og txr esa iSQykA Kku rFkklkfRodrk esa v'kksd ekdZl vkjsfy;l usln`'k ekuk tkrk gSaA vkSj /kfeZd lfg".kqrk,oa lqlaxfBr 'kklu&i}fr ds dkj.k bldhx.kuk vdcj tSls Hkkjrh; ujs'kksa ds lkFk ghtkrh gSA bl ys[k esa ge la{ksir% ;gfn[kykus dk iz;kl djsaxs fd bfrgkl dsjaxeap ij v'kksd dks bruk mQ¡pk LFkku D;ksafn;k tkrk gSaaA

v'kksd dh egÙkk tkuus ds fy, lclsizFke gesa mlds vkn'kZ ij è;ku nsuk pkfg,A;gk¡ ;g dg nsuk mfpr gS fd izR;sd 'kklddk ;g ewy drZO; gS fd og iztk&j{k.k]iztk&ifjikyu rFkk iztk ds ;ksx&{kse dklao/Zu djsaA vc iz'u ;g gS fd bl dlkSVhij v'kksd dgha rd [kjk mrjrk gSaaA NBsf'kykys[k esa mlus Lo;a ;g ?kksf"kr fd;k gS&

^^lc yksxksa dh HkykbZ ds vfrfjDr eq>svf/d dj.kh; dke dksbZ ugha gSaA tks dqNijkØe eSa djrk gw¡] og D;ksa\ blhfy;s fdtho/kfj;ksa ds ½.k ls eqDr gksmQ¡ vkSj mu

lcdks bl lalkj esa lq[k feys vkSj vkxspydj LoxZ**A bl ?kks"k.kk ls] ftlesav'kksd us euq"; ds lkekU; rhu ½.kksa(tho&½.k) dh dYiuk dh gSa] nks ckrsaLi"V izrhr gksrh gSa_ izFke] ;g fd v'kksdizkf.kek=k vFkkZr~ euq"; ,oa lc tho&tarqvksadk dY;k.k pkgrk Fkk fd os ijyksd esavkuan rFkk 'kkafr izkIr djsasA bl è;s; dkslkeus j[kdj v'kksd us viuh iztk rFk vU;lc thoksa ds fgr ds fy, vusd izdkj dsmik; fd,A f}rh; f'kyksys[k esa v'kksd usLo;a vius iz;Ruksa dk o.kZu fd;k gSA ;Fkk]

^^nsorkvksa ds fiz; fiz;n'khZ jktk us lcLFkkuksa esa nks izdkj dh fpfdRlkvksa dk izca/fd;k gSa] ,d euq";ksa dh fpfdRlk dk vkSjnwljh i'kqvksa dh fpfdRlk dkA euq";ksa vkSji'kqvksa dh mi;ksxh vkS"kf/;k¡ tgk¡&tgk¡ ughagSa ogk¡ ogk¡&ogk¡ os ykbZ xbZ vkSj yxkbZ xbZAblh izdkj euq";ksa rFkk i'kqvksa ds miHkksx dsfy, tgk¡&tgk¡ iQy vkSj ewy ugha gSaogk¡&ogk¡ os yk, x, vkSj yxk, x,] vkSjekxksZ esa dq,¡ [kqnok, x, rFkk isM+ yxok,

x,**A lIre LraHkys[k ls ;g Hkh fofnr gksrkgSa fd v'kksd us ;kf=k;ksa ds fy, /eZ'kkykvksadk fuekZ.k djk;k Fkk] vk/s dksl esa dwi[kqnok, Fks] vkSj i'kq&euq";ksa ds ifjHkksx dsfy, vkxz&okfVdk,¡ yxokbZ FkhaA

;g lc lqdk;Z v'kksd us vius jkT; esagh ugha fd;k Fkk] oju~ vius lehi{k pksy]ikaMo] lfr;iq=k vkSj dsjyiq=k ds Lora=knf{k.kh jkT;ksa esa rFkk lqnwjorZ ;ou&jkT;ksa esaHkh fd;k Fkk (f}rh; f'kykys[k)A =k;ksn'kZf'kykys[k ds vuqlkj v'kksd ds ledkyhu;ou jktkvksa ds uke ;s Fks vr% v'kksd dhdY;k.kdkjh uhfr Lons'k rd gh lhekc¼ uFkh] vfirq og loZ=k fons'kksa esa Hkh viuk /u [kpZ dj ijksidkj djus esa fujarj m|rjgrk FkkA blesa rfud Hkh lansg ugha fd mlus^olq/So dqVqacde~** ds mPpkn'kZ dks] tgk¡rd gks ldk] dk;Z:i esa ifj.kr fd;kA

v'kksd us izkf.k;ksa ds lkalkfjd lq[k dsmi;qZDr lk/u gh ugha ,df=kr dj fn, Fks]vfirq mlus lkezkT; esa tho&fgalk dkvdkj.k fdlh tho dks dqN Hkh {kfr igq¡ps]

lezkV v'kksd dh egÙkk� jek'kadj f=kikBh

lalkj ds bfrgkl esaa v'kksd ifgyk lezkV Fkk] ftlus yksxksa dks/eZ dk rRo le>k;k vkSj muds fpÙk ds ckn&fookn laca/h ckrksals nwj gVk;kA og /kfeZd dV~Vjrk vkSj }s"k&Hkko dks ?k`.kk dh n`f"Vls ns[krk FkkA og lc /eksZoyafo;ksa dh iwtk djrk FkkA^ *

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blfy, mlus vius ys[kksa esa ^îzk.kkukavukjEHkks** (f'kykys[k 3]4]11] LraHkys[k7)] ^îz.kue~ la;ekas** (f'kykys[k 9)]^^vfofglk Hkwrkue~** (f'kyk ys[k 4]LraHkys[k 4] LraHkys[k 7) dk mins'k ckjackjfn;k gSaA ifgys v'kksd Lo;a ekalkgkjh ;k vkSjmldh ikd'kkyk ds fy, izfrfnu lgL=kksathoksa dk o/ gksrk FkkA

fdarq tcls mlus vfgalk rFkk n;kiz/kuckS¼ /eZ dh 'kj.k yh] rc ls vU; lcizkf.k;ksa dk o/ mlus fcYdqy yh] rc lsvU; lc izkf.k;ksa dk o/ mlus fcYdqy jksdfn;k vkSj dqN fnuksa ds fy, dsoy ,d e`xvkSj nks eksj ekjus dh vkKk nh] vkSj og e`xHkh fuR; ugha ekjk tkrk FkkA

;g fu;fer fgalk Hkh mldh vReXykfudk dkj.k Fkh] vkSj mlus 'kh?kz gh bu rhuksathoksa ds o/ dks can djus dh izfrKk dhA

bl izdkj vius fl¼karksa ds o'khHkwrgksdjA v'kksd us vius ftÞklq[k dks fcYdqyfrykatfy ns nhA mlus vius iwoZtksa dh ,dizFkk dks Hkh tho&j{kk ds fy;s jksd fn;k FkkAvkBosa f'kykys[k esa og dgrk gS fd ifgysjktk yksx fogkj&;k=kk djus tkrs FksA blesavk[ksV rFkk vU; dbZ izdkj ds^vehjedkfu* vFkkZr~ eu cgykus okyh ckrsagksrh Fkha] fdarq ;s lc vkeksn&izeksn mldslkfRod eu esa [kVdrs Fks] blfy;s v'kksdus ^^fogkj&;k=kk** ds LFkku esa ^^/Ee&;k=kk,¡** pykbZ ftuesa czkã.k&Je.kksa dkn'kZu] mUgsa nku] o`¼ksa dk n'kZu dk n'kZu]lqo.kksZ&forj.k] tuin (jkT;) ds yksxksa dkn'kZu] /eZ dk mins'k vkSj /eZ&fo"k; dhftKklk bR;kfn vPNs dke gksrs FksA

n;kHkko ls izsfjr gksdj v'kksd us izFkef'kykys[k ds vuqlkj ^^lektksa** dk Hkh gksukcan dj fn;k Fkk] D;ksafd bu lektksa esafofo/ izdkj ds [ksy&dwn rFkk xkus&ctkusds vfrfjDr fgalk vf/d ;k=kk esa gksrh FkhvkSj ekal dk forj.k yksxksa esa [kwc gksrk FkkA

fdarq ,d nwljs izdkj ds ^^lekt** Fksftuesa fgalk ugha gksrh Fkh] vkSj mudh v'kksdugha jksduk pkgrk Fkk&

bl cM+h tho&j{kk ds dkj.k og f}rh;LraHkys[k esa ;g nkok djrk gS fd eSaus f}in~]prqIin vkSj if{k&okfjpj ij vusd vuqxzgfda,] tgk¡ rd fd eSaA muds izk.kksa dh Hkhnf{k.kk nhA

bl dFku esa ys[kek=k Hkh vfr'k;ksfDrugha tku iM+rh] D;ksafd v'kksd us ik¡posaLraHkys[k esa ftu thoksa ds o/ dk fcydqyfu"ks/ fd;k mudh lwph ls Li"V gS fdmlds jktRodky esa ^^vfgalk ijeks /eZ%**dk euksgj fuukn prqfnZd xw¡t jgk FkkA

v'kksd us viuh iztk ds fgr rFkklq[k&laiknu ds fy, lrr ^^/Ee** ds izpkjdk Hkh chM+k mBk;kA og Lo;a rks n`<+ ckS¼/ekZcyach Fkk rFkkfi mlus yksxksa dk y{;viuk futh /eZ dk tkek ifgus gq, izpfyrjhfr&fjokt (^êaxy**) dks fujFkZd dgdjfrjLÑr fd;k gS vkSj mudh txg mlus yksxdks ^êfT>e eXx** rFkk ^^fuOoku** ckjs esav'kksd vius ys[kksa esa fcYdqy pqi gSaA mldh/kfeZd uhfr ladh.kZ u Fkh] vkSj og viuhiztk dk /eZ&ifjorZu djus ds fy, mRlqdu FkkA ;fn og ckS¼ /eZ ,sls fdlh fo'ks"k/eZ ds izpkj esa viuh lkjh laifr ,oa 'kfDryxk nsrk rks og fuLlansg vius mPp in dknq:i;ksx djrkA mlus ftl ^^/Ee** (/eZ)dk lnqi;ksx ins'k fn;k og lcdks xzkÞk Fkk]vkSj mlls gesa v'kksd dh mnkjrk rFkknwjnf'kZrk dk iw.kZ ifjp; feyrk gSaA og n;k]nku] lR;] 'kkSp] e`nqrk] lk/qrk] la;eHkko&'kqf¼] ÑrKrk vkSj n`<+ HkfDr vkfnln~xq.kksa dks viukus ds fy, euq";ksa dksmRizsfjr djrk gSaA og ;g Hkh pkgrk gS fdyksx iki] fu"Bqjrk] Øks/] eku bZ";kZ bR;kfnnqxqZ.kksa ls nwj jgsa vkSj os ekrk&firk] xq:tuvkSj cM+ksa dh 'kqjks"kkf/ djsa] vkSj czkã.k]Je.k] ca/q] fe=k] ifjfpr] nkl] Hk`R; rFkknq%[kh ,oa nhu iq:"kksa dk ;Fkkor~ vknj ,oalRdkj djsaA okLro esa ;s fl¼kar lc /eksZdh laifr rFkk lkj gSaA

lalkj ds bfrgkl esaa v'kksd ifgyklezkV Fkk] ftlus yksxksa dks /eZ dk rRole>k;k vkSj muds fpÙk ds ckn&fooknlaca/h ckrksa ls nwj gVk;kA og /kfeZddV~Vjrk vkSj }s"k&Hkko dks ?k`.kk dh n`f"V lsns[krk FkkA og lc /eksZoyafo;ksa dh iwtkdjrk FkkA

mlus ckS¼ksa ds vfrfjDr czkã.k] fuxzZFkrFkk vkthod bR;kfn dks vius nku vkSj ekudk lnk Hkkxh cuk;kA vkthodksa ds fy, rksmlus x;k ds fudV cjkcj uke ds ioZr esafo'kky xqiQka, cuokbZA blh izdkj v'kksd usviuh iztk dks Hkh /kfeZd lfg".kqrk dk ea=k

i<+k;kA og pkgrk Fkk fd o`Fkk ^^vriziaM&iqt** vFkok ^îj i"kaM& xjg** u gks]D;ksafd Lo/eZ&izse ls izsfjr gksdj nwljksa dsfl¼karksa dh fuank loZFkk vuFkZ&dkjh gksrh gSaA

lcdks mfpr gSa fd okd~la;e(^^cpksxqfr**) jD[ksa vkSj ^^cgqJqr** gksa]vFkkZr~ vU; /eksZ dks J¼kiwoZd lquus vkSjle>us dh ps"Vk djsa] ftlls ikjLifjd^^leao;**&esytksy&c<+sA ;s dSls mPp dksfVds fopkj gSa tks vkt ohloha 'krkCnh esa HkhHkkjro"kZ ds lkaiznkf;d oSeuL; vkSj >xM+ksadks feVkus ds fy, vkn'kZ fl¼ gks ldrs gSaA

v'kksd dh ,d vkSj fo'ks"krk ;g Fkkfd mldk Þn; iztk&okRlY; ls vksr&izksrFkk] vkSj iztk ds izfr mldk O;ogkjfirk&rqY; FkkA og dfyax ds nksuksa ys[kksa esa;g ?kks"k.kk djrk gSaA

fd lc euq"; esjh larku ds ln`'k gSa]vkSj tSls eSa pkgrk gw¡ fd esjh larkubgykSfdd vkSj ikjykSfdd lq[k dk Hkksxdjs mlh izdkj eSa lcdk dY;k.k pkgrk gw¡Avk'p;Z dh ckr rks ;g gS fd mldh ,slhHkkouk dsoy viuh iztk ds gh izfr u Fkh]fdarq og lhekar tkfr;ksa ij Hkh Ñikn`f"Vj[krk FkkA f}rh; dfyax&ys[k esa v'kksddgrk gSaaA

^ôs eq>ls Hk; u djsa] oju~ fo'okljD[ksaA eSa mudks lq[k nwxk¡ vkSj fdlh izdkjdk nq%[k ugha nwxk¡A ;fn muls [kqn vijk/ Hkhgks tk;xk rks eSa mudks ;Fkk'kfDr {kek iznkud:¡xkA esjs fufer os /eZiwoZd pysa ftllsmUgsa ;g yksd vkSj ijyksd nksuksa izkIr gksldsaA** v'kksd lgu'khy iq:"k Fkk] vkSjmlus vius dk;Z rFkk mÙkjnkf;Ro ds {ks=k dksfdruk foLr`r dj jD[kk Fkk! NBs f'kykys[kds vuqlkj og loZ=k euq";ksa dks lq[k igq¡pkusesa layXu jgrk Fkk] ;Fkk ^^loZ=kk p utlvFks djksfe**A mldks vius&lk/u dhrfud Hkh ijokg u FkhA mldh rks ;gh bPNkFkh fd mlds thou dh gj?kM+hyksd&fgr&laiknu esa chrsA bl mís'; lsmlus ;g vkKk fudkyhA

vFkkZr~ ^êSaus bl izdkj dk izca/ fd;kgS fd lc le;] pkgs eSa [kkrk gksmQ¡] pkgsfuokl esa gksmQ¡] pkgs i'kq'kkyk esa] pkgs Mkdls yach ;k=kk esa] vkSj pkgs m|ku sea] loZ=kizfrosnd iztklaca/h dk;ksZ dh eq>s fuj'kadlwpuk nsa**A bruk vf/d ifjJe djus ij Hkh

cs/M+d U;wt

] ebZ ] 2013

29


Hkkjrh; laLÑfr :ih cM+s fo'kkyoV&o`{k dk ckS¼ /eZ cgqr cM+k ruk gSaAHkkjr ds ckgj tkiku] dEcksfM;k] FkkbZySaM]oekZ] lhyksu] frCcr vkSj phu vkfn] lalkjds cgqr cM+s Hkw&Hkkx esa foLr`r gSA lalkj dhla[;k esa rhl izfr'kr ckS¼ gSaA ;g ,d cgqrcM+h ckr gSaA ckS¼ izpkjd ckgj x,] vius/eZ vkSj viuh laLÑfr dk mUgksaus izpkjfd;k] ;gh dkj.k gS fd lalkj dk cgqr cM+kHkkx dks iquhr LFky ekurk gS vkSj Hkxokucq¼ ds pj.kksa esa >qdrk gSA ,slk lkezkT;iwoZtksa us LFkkfir fd;k tks cgqr n`<+ gSaAvaxzstksa dk lkezkT; cgqr cM+k FkkA mudsjkT; esa lw;Z vLr ugha gksrk Fkk] fdUrq ogfNUu fHkUu gks x;kA bldk ;g dkj.k gS fdog lkezkT; [kwu vkSj ryokj ds cy ij

dk;e FkkA ckS¼ fe'kufj;ksa us ckgj tkdjlaLÑfr dk lkezkT; LFkkfir fd;k tksiPphl lkS o"kksZ ds ckn Hkh LFkk;h gSaA ckS¼ksaus Hkkjr ds eLrd dks mQ¡pk fd;k gSaA cekZesa ek.Mys ioZr ds f'kyki`"B ij dbZ ehyrd ckS lkfgR; fy[kk iM+k gSA ;g gekjsHkkjr o"kZ dk lkfgR; gSaA izeq[k xzUFk lksus dsi=kksa ij ghjk&jRuksa ls tfVy v{kjksa esa fyf[krgSaA Hkkjr dk cM+k jktk v'kksd FkkA vaxzstksals Hkh c<+dj v'kksd dk lkezkT; FkkA mlusvius ,dek=k iq=k egsUæ dks ckS¼ /eZ dsizpkj ds fy, ckgj HkstkA gekjs iwoZtksa dsvR;Ur ljkguh; gSA ukyUnk cgqr cM+kfo'ofo|ky; Fkk tgk¡ nl gtkj fo|kFkhZi<+rs FksA muds jgus] [kkus vkSj iqLrd vkfndk lc [kpZ fo'ofo|ky; nsrk FkkA mldkLo:i fo'oO;kih FkkA ckgj ds ns'kksa esamlds vfHkys[k feyrs gSA

Hkkjrh; laLÑfr vkSj ckS¼ /eZ

� fHkD[kq txnh'k d';i

v'kksd dks dHkh larks"k u gksrk FkkA lpeqpmldh dk;ZrRijrk fofp=k Fkha] vkSj mldkiztk&izse vxk/ FkkA

v'kksd dh [;kfr rFkk egÙkk dk ,ddkj.k ;g Hkh gS fd mlus vius jkT; dhuhfr dk iFk fcYdqy cny fn;kA mlds iwoZizk;% lHkh ex/ ds jktkvksa us viuhfot;&irkdk prqfnZd] iQgjkus dk iz;Rufd;k FkkA fdarq ml Hk;adj ;q¼ Hkh Hkh"k.krk,oa Øwjrk us mlds Þn; ij Hkkjh vk/krigq¡pk;kA rsjgosa f'kykys[k esa fy[kk gS fddfyax&fot; esa ^^Ms<+ yk[k vkneh canhcuk, x,] yxHkx ,d yk[k ekjs x,] vkSjmlls dbZ xqus vkneh ;q¼&laca/h dfBukbZ;ksads dkj.k ejs**A yk[kksa euq";ksa dks grkgrns[kdj vkSj muds fe=kksa rFkk ca/qoxks± dsd:.k Øanu dks lqudj v'kksd n;k&Hkko lsæohHkwr gks x;kA mlus lkspk fd jDrikr lslkezkT;fyIlk gh izTofyr gksrh gS] vkSj blizdkj yksxksa dks la=kkLr djuk ,d ?kksj ikigSaA iQyr% mlus ^/Eefot;** dh vksj è;kufn;kA prqFkZ f'kykys[k ds vuqlkj fiQj^^esjh?kks"k** dh txg ^^/Ee?kks"k** loZ=klqukbZ iM+us yxkA v'kksd us viuh 'kfDrlkoZtfud dk;ks± esa yxkbZ] vkSj ^^/Ee** dhlfjrk osx ls izokfgr gqbZA mldh iztk esa ,du, thou dk lalkj gqvk] vkSj pkjksa vkSjvfgalk] izse vkSj n;k dh nqanqfHk lqukbZ iM+hAbldk ifj.kke ;g vo';d gqvk fdv'kksd ds le; esa ex/&lkezkT; dsjktuhfrd foLrkj ,oa fodkl dk lw;Z vLrgks x;k] fdarq mlds vFkd ifjJe vkSjmRlkg ls ^^/Eefot;** dh oSt;arh fons'kh;ou jkT;ksa esa Hkh mM+h vkSj Hkkjro"kZ us ,dmPp vkn'kZ viuk;kA vkt lalkj esa'kkafr&LFkkiuk dh leL;k cgqr tfVy izrhrgks jgh gS] fdarq v'kksd us ,d gh n`<+ fu'p;ls ?kkrd vL=kksa dk furkar ofg"dkj fn;kvkSj lhekar tkfr;ksa vkSj NksVs&NksVs jkT;ksa dksHkh fo'okl fnyk;k fd og mudks ys'kek=kkgkfu u igq¡pk,xkA vR;ar 'kfDr'kkyh gksr gq,Hkh v'kksd dk ;g 'kkafre; ladYi fuLlansgmldh egkurk dk ,d Toyar izek.k gSaA¶vusdtkfrlalkja lU/foLla vfufCclaAxgdkjda xoslurks nqd[kk tkfr iquIiquAAxgdkjd! fnêðfl iqu xsga u dgkflAlCck rs iQklqdk HkXxk xgdwVa folaf[kraAfola[kkjxra fpÙka r.gkua [k;eT>xkAA¸ Hkxok cq¼k

vkt Hkh ^cgqtufgrk;] cgqtu lq[kk;] yksdkuqdEik;*] blhf'k{kk ls izsfjr gksdj Hkkjr rFkk fo'o ds dksus&dksus esa Hkkjrh;laLÑfr vkSj ckS¼&/eZ dk izpkj fd;kA cq¼ dh lPph iwtkyksd&dY;k.k gh gSA gedks lkjs lalkj ls viuk lEcU/ LFkkfirdjuk pkfg,A dksbZ Hkh ns'k vc vdsys ugha jg ldrkA

lkj ;gh gSa ge vius Hkhrj lR; dk lk{kkRdkj djsa ckS¼ Hkh;gh dgrs gSaA Hkkjrh; laLÑfr esa eu dks thruk lcls cM+k jgL; gSaftls lHkh ckS¼ ekurs gSa eu dks thrus okyk gh lcls cM+k fot;hdgk x;k gSaA

^

*

30

cs/M+d

U;wt

] eb

Z ] 2

013


bl lanHkZ esa euq dk;g dFku&^,rn~ns'kizlwrL;l&dk'kknxztUeu%] Loa

pfjra f'k{ks.k i`fFkO;kloZekuok%A* loZFkkmi;qDr gSaA i`Foh ds lHkh yksx ;gk¡ vkdjpfj=k vkSj fo|k lh[krs FksA r{kf'kyk] voUrhvkSj vksnUriqjh vkfn dbZ fo'ofo|ky;Hkkjro"kZ esa Fks] ftUgsa vkt ge Hkwy x, gSaAgekjh laLÑfr dh nsu lkjs lalkj esa cM+hpht gSA cq¼ dks fgUnw /eZ eas vorkj ekursgSa vkSj lEeku nsrs gSaA Bhd gS] fdUrq ckS¼ksa esavorkj dh ugha]mÙkkj dh dYiuk gSaA cq¼ geyksxksa tSls gh lk/kj.k vkneh FksA viusm|ksx ls gh mUgksaus cq¼Ùo izkIr fd;kA blikjferk,¡ gksrh gSa tSls Kku] oh;Z] mRlkg]lR;] 'khy] nku] mis{kk] 'kkfUr vkfnA buesadbZ tUeksa ds vH;kl ds ckn ikjaxr gksus ijcq¼Ro ykHk gksrk gSaaA Hkxoku us vius ik¡p lkSipiu iwoZ tUeksa dh ckr dgh gSaA tkrddFkk,¡ izfl¼ gSA ,d dFkk ds vuqlkj cq¼iwoZ tUe esa uko ij tk jgs FksA tgkt esa Nsngks tkus ij mlds Mwc tkus dk Hk; mRiUugks x;kA lc yksx jksus yxsA Hkxoku cq¼ mlle; cksf/lRo ds :i esa ogk¡ mifLFkfr FksAmUgksaus fgEer ugha gkjhA os dku esa dMqok rsyMky jgs FksA yksxksa ds iwNus ij mUgksaus crk;kfd ;g uko ds Mwcus ds ckn dh rS;kjh gSaAtc rd rkdr jgsxh] rSjrs jgsaxsA blh rjg,d ckj cksf/lRo dgha tk jgs FksA lkFk esalkS cSy xkfM+;k¡ Hkh FkhaA chp esa e:Hkwfe iM+hAfnu lksus ij lw;Z ds rki ls ckyqdk&jkf'ktyus yxhA ogk¡ vkcknh ugha Fkh vkSj u isM+gh FksA fnu dh ;k=kk cUn dj nsuh iM+h] jkrdh ;k=kk gksus yxhA vkxs&vkxs cksf/lRovkSj ihNs iwjk dkfiQyk FkkA ,d fnu lkFkZokgus dgk&vkt ge ikj dj tk,¡xs rks lkFk dsikuh dh D;k t:jr gS] mls iQsasd fn;k tk,A*ikuh iQsad fn;k x;kA Fkds lkFkZokg ds lkstkus ds dkj.k xkfM+;k¡ nwljh vksj cM+h nwjrd pyh xbZA lw;ksZn; gks x;kA tc lcdksI;kl yxh rks ikuh ds vHkko esa yksxNViVkus yxsA cq¼ us dqvka [kksnuk 'kq:fd;kA dgk] dqvka [kksnrs gq, ejsaxsA[kksnrs&[kksnrs uhps pV~Vku feykA cksf/lRods ,d izgkj ls njkj gks x;k vkSj njkj ls'khry ty&/kjk fudyhA bl rjg dhmRlkgo/Zd tkrd&dFkk,¡ feyrha gSaAmRlkg vkSj m|ksx ls gh mUgsa cq¼Ro feykAge lc yksx blh rjg cq¼Ro izkIr dj

ldrs gSaA muds f'k"; vkt Hkh cgqtufgrk;]cgqtu lq[kk;] yksdkuqdEik;*] blh f'k{kk lsizsfjr gksdj Hkkjr rFkk fo'o ds dksus&dksusesa Hkkjrh; laLÑfr vkSj ckS¼&/eZ dk izpkjfd;kA cq¼ dh lPph iwtk yksd&dY;k.k ghgSA gedks lkjs lalkj ls viuk lEcU/LFkkfir djuk pkfg,A dksbZ Hkh ns'k vcvdsys ugha jg ldrkA oSfnd] ckS¼ vkSj tSuijEijkvksa esa vc cgqr varj ugha gSA oSfnd½f"k fpÙk dh ,dkxzrk] lekf/ esa lR; dklk{kkRdkj djus vkfn dh f'k{kk nsrs gSA osndh f'k{kk dk Hkh lkj ;gh gSa ge vius HkhrjlR; dk lk{kkRdkj djsa tSu] oSfnd] vkSjckS¼ Hkh ;gh dgrs gSaA

Hkkjrh; laLÑfr esa eu dks thruk lclscM+k jgL; gSa ftls tSu] oSfnd] vkSj ckS¼lHkh ekurs gSa eu dks thrus okyk gh lclscM+k fot;h dgk x;k gSaA fldUnj tc ejusyxk rks mlus dgk&^lc esjs 'ko dks ys tkukrks gkFk ckgj dj nsuk rkfd yksx ns[ksa fdfldUnj dqN ys ugha tk jgk gSA* xzlh dsikl ,d NksVk lk LFkku iM+rk gSa tgk¡fldUnj ,d ckj Bgjk FkkA mldh Nkouh esaukp&xkuk gksus yxk FkkA ukpus okyh ijfldUnj dh vk¡[ks eqX/ gks xbZA cM+h HkkjhvidhfrZ iQSyhA bl ij mlus dgk Fkk] êSuslcdks rks thrk fdUrq viuh vk¡[k dks ughathr ldkA* nwljs dks iVdus okyk lPpkigyoku ugha gSa] eu dks o'k esa djus okykgh lPpk igyoku gSaA bl lR; dks oSfnd]

ckS¼ vkSj tSu lHkh ekurs gSaA iafMr yksx dqNckrksa dks ysdj Hkys gh fHkM+sa] ij okLro esackS¼] tSu vkSj oSfnd laLÑfr&lcdh ewyf'k{kk ,d gh gSaa

tgk¡ cgqr cq¼ gq,] cq¼ gSa vkSj gksaxs mlLFkku dks ge ckjEckj iz.kke dgrs gSa Kkuhdks gh cq¼ dgrs gSaA eSa ,d ckj yadk esaHkk"k.k ns jgk Fkk fd ,d fØf'p;u iknjh usiwNk&^gekjs izHkq lHkh 'kj.kkxrksa dks eqDrdjrs gSaA D;k cq¼ Hkh djsaxs\ geus dgk&^cq¼eqDr djsaxsA*

vuUr cq¼ vuUr dky esa vuUr thoksadks eqDr djsaxsA Hkkjrh; laLÑfr dh lHkh'kk[kkvksa esa iqutZUe dk cgqr cM+k egRo gSaAvius&vius deZ ds vuqlkj gekjh lqxfr ;knqxZfr gksrh gSaA ,d ckj ,d ftKklq us eq>lsiwNk Fkk&êuq"; D;k ejus ij dqÙkk Hkh gksldrk gSa\ Hkkjrh; fopkj/kjk ds vuqlkjeuq"; dqÙkk Hkh gks ldrk gSa] ,slk /eZ rksekuus yk;d ugha gSaA* eSaus dgk&êuq";ejdj dqÙkk ugha gksrk] dqÙkk gh ejdj dqÙkkgksrk gSA vkpj.k esa euq"; ;fn dqÙks dkvkpj.k djrk gSa rks og dqÙkk gh gSaA deZ dsvuqlkj nso&xfr Hkh izkIr dh tk ldrh gSaA*

;g le; vk x;k gSa fd ge viuslEiznk;xr Hkkoksa dks Hkwydj vius jk"Vª dksiq"V cukosaA lalkj ds lkeus izcy jk"Vª ds:i esa mifLFkr gksus ds fy, ge lkspsa vkSjdjsaA Hkkjro"kZ ds ckgj tks bruk cM+k ckS¼lkezkT; gS] mlds lkFk ?kfu"Vrk c<+k;saA

cs/kM+d U;wt+ ,oa cs/kM+d izdk'ku dh vksj lscs/kM+d U;wt+ ,oa cs/kM+d izdk'ku dh vksj lscs/kM+d U;wt+ ,oa cs/kM+d izdk'ku dh vksj lscs/kM+d U;wt+ ,oa cs/kM+d izdk'ku dh vksj lscs/kM+d U;wt+ ,oa cs/kM+d izdk'ku dh vksj ls

rFkkxr Hkxoku xkSre cq¼dh 2557 oha t;arh ds volj ijdh 2557 oha t;arh ds volj ijdh 2557 oha t;arh ds volj ijdh 2557 oha t;arh ds volj ijdh 2557 oha t;arh ds volj ij

lHkh ns'kokfl;ksa dks gkfnZd 'kqHkdkeuk,a!AlHkh ns'kokfl;ksa dks gkfnZd 'kqHkdkeuk,a!AlHkh ns'kokfl;ksa dks gkfnZd 'kqHkdkeuk,a!AlHkh ns'kokfl;ksa dks gkfnZd 'kqHkdkeuk,a!AlHkh ns'kokfl;ksa dks gkfnZd 'kqHkdkeuk,a!A

izKk! 'khy ! lekf/!ueks rL; Hkxorks vjgrk lEek lEecq¼L;!

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] ebZ ] 2013

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fl/qa ?kkVh lH;rk&Hkxoku nkl ckS¼^^1922&1923 bZ- eas iqjkrkfRod [kkst

us ,d u;s ;qx dk izkjaHk fd;kA bl o"kZfla/ ds yjdkuk ftys esa fLFkr eksgu tksnM+ksauked ,d cMs Vhys ds [k.Mgjksa dh [kqnkbZvkjaHk gqbZ vkSj ;Fkkle; Øekxr uxjksa dsvo'ks"k izdk'k esa vk,A muesa ls izkphure~dk le; bZlk ls nks gtkj vkB lkS o"kZ iwoZekuk tk ldrk gSA

blds ckn iatkc ds ek.V xksejh ftysesa fLFkr gM+Iik vkSj fla/ rFkk cyksfpLrkuds dbZ vU; LFkkuksa esa gqbZ [kqnkbZ ls ml izns'kesa ,d egku laLÑfr ds vfLrRo dk irkpyk ftls rkezik"kk.k (pkYdksfyfFkdks)laLÑfr dk uke fn;k tk ldrk gSA

bl lH;rk ds vUos"k.k ls Hkkjrh;bfrgkl laca/h gekjh /kj.kk esa ØkafrdkjhifjorZu gks x;k gSA ,d gh Nykax esa Hkkjrh;lH;rk dh izkphurk vf/d ugha rks rhugtkj bZlk iwoZ rd igq¡p xbZ gSA vc ekuolH;rk ds vxznwr ds :i esa lqes:] ckcqy]fel vkSj vlhj ds lkFk Hkkjr dh x.kukdh tkrh gSA**&1

Hkkjr esa xkSre cq¼ ls iwoZ dh D;kfLFkfr Fkh\ bls tkuus ds fy, tc ge Hkkjrds bfrgkl ij utj Mkyrs gSa rks ikrs gSa fdbZlk ls rhu gtkj o"kZ iwoZ Hkkjrh; miegk}hiesa cM+h mUur ,oa fodflr

lH;rk FkhA ;g lH;rk mruh gh izkphugS] ftruh ekuo&laLÑfr dk cpiu dghatkus okyh felz vkSj cschyksfu;k lH;rkA ;glH;rk yxHkx 1800 bZlkiwoZ rd lqLFkkfirjghA bl lH;rk dks fla/q ?kkVh lH;rk dsuke ls dgk tkrk gS tks cgqr vf/dfodflr Fkh vkSj cgqr cM+s HkwHkkx rd iQSyhFkhA u dsoy ;g lH;rk ,d gtkj o"kks± lsvf/d le; rd cuh jgh cfYd ;g ,dmPpre fodflr lH;rk jgh] tks HkkSfrd:i esa ;g lH;rk Ñf"k&lH;rk FkhA os yksxflapkbZ dh O;oLFkk vkSj ukxj fodflrvkè;kfRed laLÑfr FkhA ;g ckr mR[kuu esaizkIr iqjkrkfRod lk{;ksa ls Li"V gksrh gS] tkseksgu tksnM+ks vkSj gM+Iik dh [kqnkbZ esa feysAbl ckr ds Hkh lk{; izkIr gq, gSa fd os yksxf'kf{kr FksA mu yksxksa us ,d fyfi fodflrdh Fkh] ftls iqjkrRofon le>us esa yxs gSavkSj vc mls [kzks"Vh ;k czkãh fyfi ekuktkrk gSA**&2

bl lEca/ esa izks- pkbYM fy[krsgSa%&^^fla/q ?kkVh lH;rk ,d fo'ks"kokrkoj.k esa ekuo ds thou dk lEiw.kZlaxBu n'kkZrh gS vkSj vusdkusd o"kks± dsiz;Ruksa dk gh ifj.kke gks ldrh gSA ;g ,dlqizfrf"Br lH;rk Fkh] ftl ij ml le; HkhHkkjr dh Nki iM+pqdh Fkh vkSj og vkt dhHkkjrh; laLÑfr dk vk/kj gSA**&3

ljtkWu ek'kZy dgrs gSa%&^^ eksgutksnM+ks vkSj gM+Iik nksuksa txgksa esa ,d ckrrks Li"V gS ftlds ckjs esa dksbZ lUnsg ugha gksldrk fd tks lH;rk gekjs lkeus vkbZ gS]og dksbZ vU; izkjafHkd lH;rk ugha gS cfYd,slh lH;rk gS] tks ml le; Hkh ;qxksa iqjkuhiM+ pqdh FkhA Hkkjr dh /jrh ij iq"V gkspqdh Fkh vkSj mldh i`"BHkwfe esa ekuo dkgtkjksa o"kZ iqjkuk izHkko FkkA bl izdkj vcls ;g ekuuk iM+sxk fd bZjku] eslksiksVkfe;kvkSj felz dh rjg Hkkjr mu lcls izeq[kns'kksa esa gS tgk¡ ekuo&lH;rk dk mn; vkSjfodkl gqvk FkkA ;fn ge Hkkjr mi egk}hids nwljs Hkkx esa Hkh u ekusa rks Hkh iatkc vkSjfla/ esa ,d cM+h mUur vkSj vnHkqr :i lsfeyrh&tqyrh lH;rk dk izlkj Fkk& ,slkekuuk iM+sxkA ;g lH;rk mlh dky dh

ckS¼ /kEe dh iz"BHkwfe

� Hkxoku nkl ckS¼

^^fla/q ?kkVh lH;rk ,dfo'ks"k okrkoj.k esa ekuods thou dk lEiw.kZ laxBun'kkZrh gS vkSj vusdkusdo"kks± ds iz;Ruksa dk ghifj.kke gks ldrh gSA ;g,d lqizkfrf"Br lH;rkFkh] ftl ij ml le; HkhHkkjr dh Nki iM+pqdh FkhvkSj og vkt dh Hkkjrh;laLÑfr dk vk/kj gSA**

^

*

32

cs/M+d

U;wt

] eb

Z ] 2

013


eslksiksVkfe;k vkSj felz dh lH;rkvksa lsi`Fkd gksrs gq, Hkh dqN ckrksa esa lcls vf/d mUur ,oa le``¼ FkhA**&4

ljtk¡u ek'kZy fla/q ?kkVh lH;rk dhledkyhu eslksiksVkfe;k vkSj felz dhlH;rk ls rqyuk djrs gq, crkrs gS%&^^ blrjg dqN eq[;&eq[; ckrsa ;s gSa fd bl dkyesa :bZ ds diM+s dk mi;ksx dsoy Hkkjr esagksrk Fkk vkSj if'peh nqfu;k esa diM+s dkmi;ksx 2000 ;k 3000 lky ckn rd ughaiSQy ik;kA blds vfrfjDr felz eslksiksVkfe;kvFkok if'peh ns'kksa esa dgha Hkh gesa oSlscf<+;k cus gq, Luku x`g vFkok yEcs&pkSM+s?kj ugha feyrs tSls fd eksgu tksnM+ks dsukxfjd vius mi;ksx esa ykrs FksA mu ns'kksa esansorkvksa ds 'kkunkj efUnjksa vkSj jktkvksa dsfy, egyksa vkSjj lekf/;ksa ds cukus ij vf/d /u [kpZ fd;k tkrk FkkA ijUrq tku iM+rkgS fd turk dks feêðh dh NksVh >ksaifM;ksa lslUrks"k djuk iM+rk FkkA fla/q ?kkVh esa bllsmYVh gh rLohj fn[kkbZ nsrh gS vkSj cf<+;k lscf<+;k bekjrsa ;gk¡ feyrh gSa ftuesa vkeukxfjd jgk djrs FksA

fla/q ?kkVh dh dyk vkSj /eZ Hkh mrusvn~Hkqr gSa vkSj mu ij ,d fof'k"B Nki gSAbl dky ds nwljs ns'kksa esa ge dksbZ ,slh oLrqugha tkurs] tks 'kSyh dh n`f"V ls ;gk¡ dhphuh feêðh dh cuh HksM+ksa (dqÙkksa vkSj i'kqvksadh ewfrZ ls feyrh gksa ;k mu ij [kqnh eqgjksals fo'ks"kdj ftu ij NksVs lhaxksa ds dwcM+okys cSyksa dh uDdk'kh gS vkSj tks cukus dsdkS'ky ;k lqMksy iu dh n`f"V ls vuqie gSaAu ;gh lEHko gksxk fd gM+Iik esa ikbZ xbZ nksNksVh ewfrZ;ksa dh rqyuk cukoV dh lq?kM+kbZ dsfopkj ls fdUgha vU; ewfrZ;ksa ls dj ldsa;wukuh lH;rk ds izkS<+dky ds le; dhewfrZ;ksa ds flok;A

fla/q ?kkVh lH;rk ds yksxksa ds /eZ esa,slh ckrsa gSa] ftuls feyrh gqbZ ckrsa vU; ns'kksaesa fey ldrh gSaaA ;g ckr lkjs iwoZ,sfrgkfld ,oa ,sfrgkfld /eks± ds ckjs esalR; Bgjrh gSA ijUrq lc dqN gksrs gq, Hkhmudk /eZ bruh fof'k"Brk ds lkFk Hkkjrh;gSaA**&5

izks- pkbYM dgrs gSa&^^blls Li"V :ils ;g fu"d"kZ fudyrk gS fd fla/q ?kkVh dsuxjksa ds dkjhxj foØ; ds fy, lkeku rS;kjdjrs FksA bl lkeku ds fofue; dh lqfo/

k gsrq lekt us flDdksa dk pyu vkSj dherksads fu/kZj.k dh dksbZ i¼fr Lohdkj dh Fkh;k ugha vkSj ;fn dh Fkh rks og D;k Fkh\bldk Bhd irk ugha gSA cgqr ls cM+s vkSjfoLr`r edkukas ds lkFk yxs gq, lqjf{krxksnkeksa ls irk pyrk gS fd bu ?kjksa dsekfyd lkSnkxj ;k O;kikjh FksA bu ?kjksa dhla[;k vkSj vkdkj ;g crkrs gSa fd ;gk¡ ij?kuh vkSj lEiUu O;kikfj;ksa dh cLrh FkhA

bu [k.Mgjksa esa lksus&pkanh] dherhiRFkjksa vkSj phuh feêðh ds tsoj] fiVs gq,rkEcs ds crZu /krq ds cus vkStkj vkSjgfFk;kj bruh cgqrk;r esa feys gSa fd vk'p;Zgksrk gSA xfy;ksa dh lqUnj rjrhc vkSj ukfy;ksadh cf<+;k O;oLFkk rFkk mudh cjkcj liQkbZbl ckr dk ladsr nsrs gSa fd ;gk¡ dksbZE;qfufliy 'kklu Fkk vkSj og viuk dkecM+h rRijrk ls djrk FkkA og 'kklu brukn`<+ Fkk fd ck<+ dh otg ls ckj&ckj cuhbZekjrksa dh rS;kjh ds le; Hkh uxj&fuekZ.kvkSj lM+dksa dh drkjksa dh j{kk djus dsfu;eksa dk ikyu fd;k tkrk FkkA**&6

^^fla?kq ?kkVh lH;rk dh ,d fyfi Fkh]ftls vkt czkãh ;k [kks"Vh ekuk tkrk gS] tksizkÑr] ikfy ;k viHkza'k Hkk"kkvksa dh fyfile>k tkrk gSA ;s Hkk"kk,a ml le; izpfyrFkhaA iqjkrkfRod lk{;ksa esa gesa vusdksa izrhdfpUg izkIr gq, gSa] tks /kfeZd egÙo ds gSaa muizrhdksa dk laca/ fo'ks"k :i ls ckS¼ /Ee lsgS ftuesa cksf/o`{k dk izrhd fpUg] gkFkh vkSjfgju tSls ia'kq gSaA lEHkor;k vR;UregÙoiw.kZ ikyFkh ekjs cSBh vusdksa ewfrZ;k¡ gSa]ftuds gkFk ?kqVuksa ij fVds gsa] v/[kqyh vk¡[ksauhpa >qdh gSa fd ,d ne foi';uk dh eqækesa gSaA bu iqjkrkfRod [kkstksa dk iz[;krfo}kuksa ds }kjk vè;;u fd;k x;k ftudkfu"d"kZ gS fd ge fo'okl iwoZd dg ldrsgSa fd ;g fla/q ?kkVh lH;rk ds ewy dhfoi';uk lk/uk dh [kkst gSA tc ge fla/q ?kkVh lH;rk ds /eZ ds o.kZu ij vk;ks± dsvfHkys[kksa&osnksa ij utj Mkyrs gSa rks ikrs gSfd ?kqeDdM+ ifjozktdksa dk LoPNUn :i esao.kZu fd;k x;k gS fd os czãpkjh gksrs FksAos dfBu thou fcrkrs Fks os dHkh&dHkh uaxsjgrs Fks ;k lk/kj.k oL=k igurs FksA os cs?kjckj okys ?kwers jgrs Fks vkSj os tUe&ej.k dsvkxs dk ekxZ crkrs FksA ;fn ge iqjkrkfRodvkSj vk;ks± ds lk{;ksa dks ,d lkFk j[ksa rks

ikrs gSa fd fla/q ?kkVh ds yksxksa ds /eZ dhLi"V rLohj feyrh gS] ftlesa egÙo dh ckrsagSa %& 1- foi';uk ;k è;ku&Hkkouk dkpyuA 2- R;kx&x`gR;kx vkSj ifjokj R;kxdj ifjozktd thou fcrkukA 3- iqutZUe dhvo/kj.kk&vusd tUeksa dh Jaa[kyk dhekU;rkA 4- bl thou ds ikj uSfrd nkf;Rodk fuokZg djukA 5- deZ ds fu;e dh vo/kj.kkA

6- /kfeZd thou dk y{;&eqfDr dky{; fuokZ.kA izkphu Hkkjrh; lH;rk ds ;smUur y{k.k gSaA**&7

lksfo;r fonw"kh MkW- dksjksRLdk;kdgrh gS%&

^^,d ckr ftls lHkh fo}ku LohdkjrsgSa] ;g gS fd gM+Iik laLÑfr ,d ekSfydlaLÑfr FkhA mlds tud vk;Z ;k lqesjh yksxugha Fks ftUgsa oSKkfudksa us æfoM+ uke fn;k gSAfo}kuksa ds fy, ;g Hkh de vk'p;Z dh ckrugha gS fd bM+Iik laLÑfr ds uxjksa esa felz ;klqes: tSls HkO; efUnj vkSj jkt izklkn ughaferysA eksgu tksnM+ks dk mRd"kZ dky 22 ohavkSj 19 oha 'krh bZlk iwoZ vk¡dk x;k gSAdkyhcaxu esa gMIik laLÑfr ds izkjafHkdlaLrjksa dks 22 oha 'krh bZlk iwoZ vkSj vfUrelaLrjksa dks 18&17&oha 'krh bZlk iwoZ ekukx;k gSA dkfB;kokM+ izk;}hi ij gM+IikbZcfLr;k¡ eksgu tksnM+ks vkSj gM+Iik tSls eq[;dsUæksa ds viad"kZ ds ckn Hkh nh?kZdky rd10 oha 'krh bZlkiwoZ rd iQyrh&iQwyrh jghAvius mRd"kZ dky esa gM+Iik laLÑfr if'pehls iwjc 1600 fdyks ehVj yEcs vkSj mÙkj lsnf{k.k 1100 fdyksehVj pkSM+s HkwHkkx esa iQSyhgqbZ FkhA mldk dqy {ks=kiQy izkphu ;qx dsfelz jkT; dk nks xquk vkSj lqes: dk pkjxquk FkkA**&8

fla/q ?kkVh esa cls gM+Iik yksx /hjs&/hjs nf{k.k dh vksj c<+sA ;g ns'kkUrj ;kjkT;foLrkj pwafd eq[; :i esa leqæh ekxZ lsgqvk Fkk blfy, vjc lkxj dsfdukjs&fdukjs gM+Iik cfLr;ksa dh ,d yEchJa[kyk feyrh gSA lcls ijorhZ cLrhlqÙkdaxnksj Fkh] tks ,d cUnj xkg Fkk vkSjdjkaph ls 500 fdyksehVj if'pe esa fLFkrgSA iwjc esa gM+IikbZ cfLr;ksa ds vo'ks"kif'peh mÙkj izns'k esa vkye xhj] tuinesjB rd iQSyh gq, FksA iqjkrRo osÙkkvksa dks1950&1970 ds chp mR[kuu esa 80 ls vf/

cs/M+d U;wt

] ebZ ] 2013

33


d gM+IikbZ cfLr;k¡ feyh gSa] ftuesa ls 40 dks'kgjh <ax dh cfLr;k¡ dgk tk ldrk gSaA

iqjkrRo osÙkkvksa us mÙkjh jktLFkku dh?kXxj vkSj pkSVkax ufn;ksa] tks vkt lw[ks ukysjg x, gSa] muds fdukjs cgqla[;d izkphucfLr;ksa ds vo'ks"k feys gSaA ?kXxj ds rV ijdkyh caxu uked cM+k gM+IikbZ uxj fLFkrFkkA Hkkjr ds {ks=k esa yksFky] dkyh caxujksiM+ vkfn dbZ cM+s gM+IikbZ uxjksa dk foLr`rvè;;u gks pqdk gSA fdUrq xzkeh.k cfLr;ksadh vkSj fo}kuksa us vHkh yxHkx dksbZ è;kuugha fn;k gSaA**&9

miyC/ izek.kksa ds vuqlkj ns'k esa ,dvfrlqxfBr dsUæh;Ñr iz'kklu iz.kkyh dkvfLrRo FkkA bM+IikbZ cfLr;ksa esa geuxj&fuekZ.k ls ysdj lkekU; ?kjsyw oLrqvksard ekuo dk;Z&dyki ls lEc¼ gj fdlhoLrq dk rRdkyhu eki n.M dh n`f"V lsvHkwr iwoZ vkSj vkt Hkh vlk/kj.k lk izrhrgksus okyh iw.kZ :irk ikrs gSaA

gM+Iik jkT; ds fons'k O;kikj us fu'p;gh mRiknd 'kfDr ds fodkl dks izsfjr fd;kgksxkA fiQj Hkh tSlk fd iqjkrkfRod rF;ksa lsirk yxrk gS] mldh vFkZO;oLFkk dkvk/kj flafpr Ñf"k FkhA gM+IikbZ lekt esaO;kikjh vkSj f'kYih oxks± ds yksxksa dkfof'k"B LFkku FkkA cM+s uxjksa dk vfLrRobldh iqf"V djrk gS] D;ksa fd uxjhdj.k dkmPp Lrj rHkh ik;k tkrk ldrk gSaA**&10

^^;krk;kr iz.kkyh ds fodkl esa ifg;snkj ifjogu&lk/u egÙoiw.kZ Hkwfedk fuHkkrsgSaA iqjkrRoosÙkkvksa dks [kqnkbZ esa izkIr nksifg;k f[kykSuk cSyxkM+h tSls ifjogu lk/uds vfLrRo dh iqf"V djrh gSA ;g ifg;s nkjifjogu dk fo'o esa lcls izkphu izek.k HkhgSA Bhd ,slh gh cSyxkM+h Hkkjr dh lM+dksaij vkt Hkh ns[kh tk ldrh gSA fla/q ?kkVhlH;rk ds yksxksa ds ijLij lEidZ vkSjlEizs"k.k dk egÙoiw.kZ lk/u ys[ku dykFkhA gM+Iik laLÑfr ds LFkyksa ls iRFkj rFkkfeêðh ds ys[k eDr ,d gtkj ls vf/deksgjsa ikbZ xbZ gSa] ftu ij rjg&rjg dsyxHkx pkj lkS èoU;kRed (vkokt djusokys) vkSj fp=kfyI;kRed fpUg cus gq, gSaaAizk;% eksgjsa ij i'kqvksa] if{k;ksa] eNfy;ksa]euq";ksa vkfn ds vR;Ur fuiq.krkiwoZd fufeZrmn~?k`r fp=k Hkh ik;s tkrs gSaA**&11

gM+Iik ds nqxZ esa fo'kky vUu Hk.Mkj

vkSj vukt dh liQkbZ] dqVkbZ] filkbZ vkfn dspcwrjs ik;s tkrs gSaA laHkor% gM+IikbZ lektesa Je lkekftd laxBu izpfyr FkkA vkSjbldh cnkSyr jkT; ds ikl vUu ds izpqjHk.Mkj FksA iqjkrkfRod [kkstksa ls irk pyk gSfd ml ;qx esa xsgw¡] tkS] /ku vkSj pus dh[ksrh dh tkrh FkhA eksgu tksnM+ks esa ,d ?kjds vgkrs esa jksVh idkus dk ,d runwj Hkhik;k x;k gSA mu yksxksa ds drkbZ vkSj cqukbZds /U/s Hkh fodflr FksA [kqnkbZ eas gM+Iik dheksgj yxs lwrh diM+s ds vo'ks"k feysgSaA**&12

gM+IikbZ uxjksa ds [k.Mgjksa ls izkIrlksus&pk¡nh] ghjkas rFkk iQk;Ul ds vkHkw"k.kksa]rkEcs ds crZuksa vkSj /krq ds mioj.kksa ls irkpyrk gS fd fla/q lH;rk ds yksx /krqvksa dhxykbZ rFkk <ykbZ ds dkS'ky ls Hkyh&Hkk¡frifjfpr FksA [kqnkbZ esa izkIr vufxur ckV vkSjrjktw ml dky esa O;kikfjd xfr fof/;ksa dscM+s iSekus dk izek.k izLrqr djrs gSaA Lo.kZvkSj dherh iRFkj nf{k.k Hkkjr ls vk;krgksrs FksA eky&fofue; ds fy, vkcknh dsdsUæksa vkSj O;kikfjd {ks=kksa ds chp vko';dlEidZ ty rFkk Fky ekxks± }kjk LFkkfirfd;k tkrk FkkA eksgjksa ij eLrwynkj iksrksa dsfp=k crkrs gSa fd tgkt jkuh fdruh vf/dfodflr FkhA rhu gtkj bZlk iwoZ ds gM+Iikds yksxksa }kjk fufeZr iksr Hkkjr ds ewyfuokfl;ksa }kjk vkt dy cuk;s tkus okys muiksrksa ls fdlh Hkh izdkj NksVs u Fks] ftudh

{kerk ik¡p ls lkB Vu ds chp gkssrh Fkh vkSjtks djkph ls cljk rd nks gtkj fdyksehVjls vf/d nwjh dks nks eghus esa r; dj ysrsFksA gM+Iik dky esa iksr&fuekZ.k vkSjleqæxeu vR;kf/d fodflr gksus dh iqf"VyksFky esa gqbZ vlk/kj.k [kkstksa ls gqbZ gSA

;gk¡ bl uxj esa izkphu fo'o ds lclscM+s iksr fuekZ.k m|ksx dh fo|ekurk dsHkkSfrd izek.k ik, x, gSa tkSls vk;rkdkj(218 xq.kk 37 ehVj) iksr fuekZ.k xksnh]ukSdk?kkV] iRFkj ds yaxj bR;kfnA iksr fuekZ.kdk vuqeku ;gha ls izkIr ,d iDde`fr dkf[kykSuk ukSdk ls yxk;k tk ldrk gS] ftlesaeLrwy ds fy, Nsn Hkh cuk gqvk gSA**&13

eksgu tksnM+ksa dh lM+dksa ij Vgyrs gq,tk¡u ek'kZy dgrs gSa&^^lgt gh yadk'kk;jdh ;kn vk vkth gSA ;gk¡ ij oSlh gh uaxhiwjh rjg ls ltkoV jfgr bZaVksa dh nhokjsa gSaA,dne mi;ksfxrk ewyd bekjrsaA vkSj rks vkSjbXyS.M esa fuekZ.k esa iz;qDr bZaVksa dk vkdkjHkh ogh gSA Hkkjrh; okLrq f'kYi ds fy, tkslTtk&vydaj.kksa dh vf/drk ds fy,izkfl¼ gS ltkoV dk ;g vHkko vkSj Hkhvk'p;Z tud gks ldrk gS fd eksgu tksnM+ksaesa dksbZ lTtk iz;ksx dh tkrh jgh gks_ ijUrqftl lkexzh ij og dh xbZ Fkh mldh vnh?kZthfork ds dkj.k og yqIr gks xbZ gksA ;gD;k ydM+h dk dke Fkk] fp=kdkjh Fkh ;kdqN vkSj Fkk\ ysfdu mlds okLrfod izek.krks gSa ughaA**&14

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fla/q ?kkVh esa bruh vuqieekuo&lH;rk dh tUeLFkyh dk vfLrRobfrgkl ds fy, vikj egÙo j[kus okyk ,dvk'p;Z tud rF; gSA ijUrq os thorijEijk,a vkSj lw=k Hkh tks vkt ds Hkkjr dksvrhr ls tksM+rs gSa] de vk'p;Z tud vkSjbfrgkl ds fy, de egÙoiw.kZ ugha gSaA

gM+Iik dh egku foy{k.k laLÑfr dkizHkko Hkkjr dh turk ds thou dsvusdkusd igyqvksa ij muds jgu&lgu] /eZ]dykRed l`tu] okLrqdyk vkSj uxjfuekZ.kdyk ij vkt Hkh vuqHko fd;k tkrk gSAHkkjr dh bl izkphure laLÑfr us u dsoyHkkjr vfirq iwjc ds vusd ns'kksa dh laLÑfrds leLr mÙkjdkyhu bfrgkl vkSj fodklij viuh vfeV Nki NksM+h gSA

Hkkjrh; ,sfrgkfld ijEijk ds vuqlkjxaxk dh ?kkVh esa uxjksa dk vfLrRorhljh&pkSFkh lglzkCnh bZlk iwoZ esa Hkh FkkAfdUrq iqjkrRo fonksa dks bl {ks=k esa vHkh ,slk,d Hkh cM+k uxj ugha feyk ftls vkBoha'krkCnh bZlk iwoZ ls igys dk ekuk tk ldsA;gk¡ dkS'kkEch] jktxhj] ikVfyiq=k vfgPN=krkezfyfi (rkeqyqd cUnjxkg) vkfn uxjksadh [kqnkbZ dh xbZ FkhA**&15

;|kfi bl esa dksbZ lUnsg ugha fd ns'kds dqN Hkkxksa esa gM+Iik dky ls ghuxj&fuekZ.k esa iDdh bZaVksa dk mi;ksx gksrkjgk FkkA eFkqjk] ikVfyiq=k jktx`g lkjukFkrFkk dbZ vU; uxjksa esa bZlkiwoZ ls bZLoh lu~dh izkjafHkd 'kfr;ksa rd ds vkSj vf/d cknds dky esa Hkh bZaVksa ls fufeZr Hkouksa dsvo'ks"k feys gSaA ;g ckr mYys[kuh; gS fdbZaVksa dk vkdkj gM+IikbZ bZaVksa tSlk 28 xq.kk13-3 xq.kk 5-7 lsUVhehVj cuk jgkA

jktx`g esa /krq dh cM+h&cM+h 90 xq.kk150 lsUVhehVj rd yEch xqfTt;ksa ls vkilesa tqM+s fo'kky fcuk rjk'ks izLrj[k.Mksa lsfufeZr nhokj ds vo'ks"k ik;s x, gSa tksizkphu Hkkjrh; LFkkiR; esa] izLrj&fpukbZ dh,d vk|re ,oa vuqie felky is'k djrsgSaA**&16

^^1500 bZ- iw- esa tc vk;Z yksx Hkkjresa vk, rks mudk ,d /eZ Fkk] ftls oSfnd/eZ dgk tkrk FkkA og /eZ iwjh rjg /eZfujis{k FkkA bl ckr dk lk{; bl :i esamiyC/ gksrk gS fd xkSre cq¼ ls iwoZdky esaoSfnd /EkZ esa o.kks± dk fu/kZj.k xq.k] deZ

vkSj LoHkko ds vuqlkj ,d desVh fd;kdjrh FkhA] ftlesa czkã.k] ½f"k rFkk fo}kugksrs FksA mlds ckn muds dk;ks± dh fuxjkuh;gh desVh djrh Fkh vkSj pkj lky ckniqufoZpkj fd;k tkrk Fkk ftuesa ls vusdksa dko.kZ cnyk tkrk FkkA lkFk gh miu;u ;k;Kksiohr laLdkj f'k{kk dh lekfIr ds cknxq:dqy esa lEiUu fd;k tkrk FkkA bl desVhdk dk;Zdky pkj o"kZ dk gksrk Fkk] ftls ;qxdgk tkrk FkkA euqLe`fr esa o.kZO;oLFkk dksiwjh rjg tkfr O;oLFkk esa cny fn;kk x;kAvc miu;u laLdkj dk vf/dkj Hkh czkã.kdks ns fn;k x;k] ftls og vius ?kj ij ghlEiUu djysrk FkkA vkt Hkh ,slk gh izpyugSaA**&17

Hkkjr esa vkdj vk;Z yksx vius /kfeZdlekt dk foLrkj djuk pkgrs FksA vk;ks± ds/eZ vkSj ;wukfu;ksa ds /eZ esa dbZ lekurk,afeyrh gSA ;wukuh dqynso dk o.kZu i<+us lsmuds dqy nso vkSj vk;ks± ds dqy nso esalekurk feyrh gSA ,slk izpyu lezkV v'kksdds le; rd jgk] ftlesa dqynso dh iwtkjktiqjksfgr lEiUu djrk FkkA lezkV v'kksdus ckS¼ /Ee nh{kk xzg.k djus ds ckn ;glkspdj fd esjh 'kj.k dsoy cq¼&/Ee vkSjla?k gS rks eq>s dqynso dh iwtk ls D;k erycgS\ vr% mlus dqynso dh iwtk cUn dj nhA;gha ls czkã.kh foæksg vkSj vf/d rhoz gqvk]ftldh ifjxfr v'kksd ds ikS=k czgæFk dk

iq.; fe=k 'kqax us] tks mldk lsukifr Fkk] o/dj ds Lo;a lÙkk gfFk;kbZ vkSj mldhns[kjs[k esa euqLe`fr dh jpuk dh xbZA**&18

vk;ks± ds cgqr ls nso gksrs Fks] ftUgsaizkÑfrd ?kVukvksa dk izrhd cuk fn;k x;ktSls bUæ dks fctyh vkSj rwiQku dh 'kfDrokyk nsork ekuk x;k] vfXu dks vkx dknsork o:.k dks ikuh dk nsork ekuk tkrk gSAvk;ks± ds /kfeZd <+k¡ps esa iqjksfgr cM+kegÙoiw.kZ gksrk gS tcfd fla/q ?kkVh lH;rkesa ifjozktd (x`gR;kxh czãpkjh fHkD[kq)vR;Ur egÙo dk O;fDr gksrk FkkA fla/q ?kkVhlH;rk esa R;kx /kfeZd thou dk vkn'kZ Fkktcfd vk;Z /eZ esa x`gLFk dks vkn'kZ ekuktkrk FkkA fla/q ?kkVh lH;rk esa iq=kksa vkSjlUrfr dks vLohÑr fd;k tkrk FkkA fla/q?kkVh lH;rk esa foi';uk lk/uk dh izkfIrdjrs Fks tcfd vk;Z /eZ eas cfydeZ dksnsorkvksa ds lkFk lEidZ] yM+kbZ;ksa esa fot;ikus] lUrku dh izkfIr vkSj LoxZ tkus dklk/u ekuk tkrk FkkA fla/q?kkVh lH;rk esadeZ&fu;e vkSj iqutZUe esa fo'okl ik;ktkrk gS tcfd vk;Z lH;rk esa iqutZUe dhdksbZ vo/kj.kk ugha gSA fla/q ?kkVh lH;rk esauSfrd nkf;Ro dh vo/kj.kk gksrh gS tcfdvk;Z lH;rk esa ,slh dksbZ ckr ugha gSA

okLro esa vk;Z lH;rk esa fu"Bk dkmPp vkn'kZ mu ewY;ksa dk vkn'kZ Fkk tksvk;Z leqnk; dks 'kfDr iznku djus esa

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;ksxnku djsaA fla/q ?kkVh lH;rk esa /kfeZdthou dk y{; eqfDr ;k fuokZ.kvFkkZr dker`".kk&Hkor`".kk&foHkor`".kk dkewykssPNsn gS rkfd lalkjpØ ;k thou&ej.kds pDdj ls eqfDr izkIr gks tcfdvk;ZlH;rk esa /kfeZd thou dk y{; LoxZdh izkfIr gS] tks bl thou dh iw.kZrk dkvkn'kZ ekuk tkrk gSA**&19

izkphu Hkkjrh; /eZ dk 500 bZlkiwoZ ls600 bZlkiwoZ rd dk bfrgkl vFkkZr cq¼dkyrd ,d gtkj o"kZ dkk bfrgkl nksuksa /eks± esafojks/kHkk"kh jgk gSA vk;Z yksx /hjs&/hjsHkkjrh; migk}hi esa cl x,A tSls gh mudkewy fuokfl;ksa dk 'kks"k.k djuk cUn gqvk rks/hsjs&/hjs nksuksa ,d nwljs ds /kfeZdfojks/h fopkj izHkkfor gq,A vkil esa lEidZc<+k vkSj ,d nwljs esa ?kqyfey x,A tSlsxaxk&;equk nksuksa cM+h ufn;ksa dk mnxevyx&vyx gS mudh /kjk vyx&vyxcgrh gSA ijUrq bykgkckn esa nksuksa dk foy;gks tkrk gS vkSj caxky dh [kkM+h esa dsoyxaxk unh ds uke ls cgrh gqbZ leqæ esa tkfxjrh gSA ,sls gh fl¼kFkZ xkSre ds tUe vkSjckn esa cq¼Ùo izkIr dj lE;d lEcq¼ gkstkus rd cM+k fo"ketkrh; n`'; ik;k tkrkgsA mnkgj.k ds fy, tc fl¼kFkZ dk tUegqvk rks nks oxksZ us mudh egkurk dhHkfo";ok.kh dh FkhA igyh Hkfo";ok.khvflr ½f"k us dh Fkh] tks czkã.k Fkk vkSjigkM+ksa esa jgrk FkkA**&20

vflr dh Hkfo";ok.kh Fkh&^^ftlizdkj dHkh dgha bl lalkj esa mnwEcj ;kxwyj iqf"ir gksrk gS] mlh izdkj vuUr ;qxksads vuUrj bl lalkj esa dgha cq¼ dk mRikngksrk gSA blh izdkj fu'p; ls ;g ckydcksf/ykHk djsxk lE;d lEcq¼ cusxk vkSjrnuUrj vuUr izkf.k;ksa dks bl nq%[ke;lkxj ds ikj ystkdj lq[kh djsxkA**&21

nwljh Hkfo";ok.kh vkB czkã.kksa us dhFkh] ftuds uke Fks jke] èot] y{e.k] ea=kh]dksM×t] Hkkst] lq;ke vkSj lqnÙkA mUgksausdgk&^^egkjkt! fuf'pUr jgsaa vkids ;gk¡,d iq=k gksxkA ;fn og ?kj esa jgsxk rkspØorhZ jktk gksxkA ;fn x`gR;kx djlU;klh gksxk rks og cq¼ cusxk& lalkj dsva/dkj dk uk'k djus okykA**&22

;s yksx iqjksfgr oxZ ls Fks vkSj x`gLFkthou fcrkrs FksA vk;Z lH;rk ds ewy vkSj

lgh <ax ls ;g ,d laLFkku ls tqM+k mnkgj.kgSA

;g dSls laHko gqvk fd ;s nksijEijk,a&fla/q?kkVh lH;rk vkSj vk;Z lH;rktks izkjafHkd le; ls bruh fHkUu Fkha feyus;ksX; gks xbZ\ bldk mÙkj gS fd nks gtkjbZlk iwoZ vkSj fl¼kFkZ ds tUe ds vUrjk lsHkkjrh; yksxksa ds thou esa ifjorZu vk x;kAHkkjr ds eSnkuh Hkw Hkkx dks thrus ijvk;Z&foLrkj lekIr gks x;kA bl foLrkj dsvUr esa vusd lkekftd vkfFkZd vkSjjktuSfrd ifjorZu gq,%&tutkrh; jktuSfrdlekt dk fodkl izknsf'kd jkT;&jkT;laLFkku esa gks x;k rkfd vf/d le; rd,d tutkfr vfrfudV O;fDrxr fu"Bk uj[k ldsA vc izknsf'kd jkT; esa fofHkUututkfr;ksa ds yksx ,d lkFk jgus yxsA cq¼dky esa ex/ jkT; ij fcfEclkj dk 'kklugksuk izknsf'kd jkT; cuus dk ,d mnkgj.kgSA

2- [kkukcnks'k ;k ;k;koj pjokgkthou 'kSyh /hjs&/hjs vf/drj uxjh;Ñ"kd thou 'kSyh esa LFkkfir gks xbZA blfy,yksx vc uxj dsUæksa esa jgus yxs vkSjizkÑfrd 'kfDr;ksa ls vyx gks x, ftlsnsorkvksa ds :i esa LFkkfir dj fn;k x;kA

3- vkfFkZd :i esa vc O;kikjegÙoiw.kZ gks x;kA

4- blhfy, vk;Z lH;rk ds vkjafHkdfnuksa esa iqjksfgr vkSj lSfud vfr egÙoiw.kZgksrs FksA iqjksfgr bl dkj.k fd nsoksa ls lEidZdj lds vkSj lSfud bl dkj.k fd 'k=kq ls;q¼ yM+s vkSj ml leqnk; dk uk'k djsA

5- cq¼dky esa O;kikj ds egÙo dklqnÙk ftls vukFk&fi.Md dgk tkrk Fkk],d mnkgj.k gS D;ksafd ml le; O;kikjhvf/d egÙo iw.kZ gks x;k FkkA**&23

bl lkekftd vkSj vkfFkZd&jktuSfrdifjorZu ls vk;ks± esa [kqykiu vk;k vkSj vk;ks±us fla/q ?kkVh lH;rk ds fopkjksa dks Lohdkjdj fy;kA vk;ks± us lSfudksa ds cy ij fla/q ?kkVh lH;rk ds yksxksa dks ijkLr fd;kAijUrq mlds ,d gtkj ls nks gtkj o"kks± rdmUgsa fla/q ?kkVh lH;rk ds fopkjksa ds izHkkoesa vkrs gq, yxkrkj ns[kk x;kA blhfy, bZLohlu~ dh igyh dqN lfn;ksa esa vk;Z ijEijkvkSj fla/q ?kkVh lH;rk esa Hksn djuk vf/dkf/d dfBu gksrk x;kA okLro esa ;g ,d

rF; gS fd ;s fupys Lrj dh feF;k n`f"V gS]tc ,slk dgk tkrk gS fd ckS¼ /Ee czkã.kh;k fgUnw /eZ ds fo:¼ ,d foæksg gS vFkok,slk dguk fd ckS¼ /Ee fgUnw /eZ dh'kk[kk gS_ D;ksafd izkjafHkd dky esa vk;ks± dk/eZ oSfnd /eZ dgk tkrk Fkk tks cq¼dky vkrs&vkrs czkã.k /eZ dgk tkus yxkvkSj orZeku le; esa og fgUnw /eZ dgktkrk gSA

^^ckS¼ /Ee ,d ,slk /eZ gS] ftlesaR;kx] foi';uk] deZ] iqutZUe] fuokZ.k ;kvuUr eqfDr tSls vR;Ur izsj.kknk;d fopkjksadks fla/q ?kkVh lH;rk ls xzg.k fd;k x;kArFkkxr cq¼ us Lo;a ladsr fd;k fd fla/q?kkVh lH;rk mudh ijEijk dk ewy gSA tcrFkkxr us dgk fd ftl ekxZ dh mUgksausf'k{kk nh og izkphu ekxZ Fkk vkSj mudk y{;,d izkphu y{; FkkA ge xkSre cq¼ ls iwoZ27 cq¼ksa dks ekurs gS tks bl ;qx ds FksA bulc ckrksa ds dkj.k gesa fla/q ?kkVh lH;rkvkSj rFkkxr cq¼ dh f'k{kkvksa esa fujUrjrkfeyrh gSaA ;fn ge ckS¼ /Ee vkSj fgUnw /eZ ij utj Mkysa rks ge ik,axs fd dekscs'kvuqikr esa fla/q ?kkVh lH;rk vkSj vk;ZlH;rk&nksuksa ijEijkvksa us cq¼ dh f'k{kkvksadks xzg.k fd;kA

ckS¼ /Ee esa vf/d ek=kk esa fla/q ?kkVhlH;rk ds rRoksa dks xzg.k fd;k x;k tcfdvk;Z lH;rk ls cgqr de va'k fy;k x;kA;gh dkj.k gS fd ckS¼ xzaFkksa esa vk;Z nsoksa dko.kZu feyrk gS] ;|fi mudh Hkwfedk deegÙo dh gSA ckS¼ /Ee esa vk;Z rRo dk ;g,d mnkgj.k gSA blds foijhr fgUnq/eZ esavf/d ek=kk esa vk;Z lH;rk ls xzg.k fd;sx,s rRo gSaaA fgUnq/eZ esa tkfr ij tksj fn;kx;k gS] vk;ks± ds /kfeZd xzaFk osnksa ij cyfn;k x;k gS vkSj ,d dksus esa è;ku] R;kx]deZ vkSj iqutZUe dks j[k fn;k x;k gSaA**&24lUnHkZ&xzaFk %&��izkphu Hkkjrh; bfrgkl& vkj- lh- etwenkj&1-��iQk.Mkes.VYl vkWiQ cqf¼Te& ihVj Mh- lkfUruk&2] 7] 19] 20] 23] 24��fMLdojh vkWiQ bf.M;k&tokgjyky usg:&3] 4] 5] 6��Hkkjr ds uxj&,d ,sfrgkfld flgkWoyksdu&MkW- dksjksRLdk;k&8]9] 10] 12] 13] 14] 15] 16��fjoksY;w'ku ,.M dkm.Vj fjoksY;w'ku bu ,af'k;V bf.M;k&MkW-ch- vkj- vkEcsMdj&17] 18

��Hkxoku cq¼ vkSj mudk /eZ&MkW- ch- vkj- vkEcsMdj &21] 22

ys[kd&fn cqf¼LV lkslk;Vh vkWiQbf.M;k] Hkkjrh; ckS¼ egklHkk ds iwoZjk"Vªh; mikè;{k gSaA

36

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Hkkjrh; bfrgkl ØkfUr vkSj izfrØkfUrdk bfrgkl gSa bl ckr dks MkW- ckcklkgscvkEcsMdj us vius ys[kksa] O;k[;kuksa] xzUFkksaesa foLrkj ls o.kZu fd;k gSaA mUgksaus bl ckrdks dHkh Lohdkj ugha fd;k fd Hkkjr dkbfrgkl dsoy oSfnd laLÑfr] czkã.khlaLÑfr] fgUnw laLÑfr dk gh bfrgkl gSaAcfYd mudh ;g ekU;rk jgh gS fd Hkkjrh;laLÑfr dbZ laLÑfr;ksa ls cuh gS vkSj izkphudky ls gh Hkkjr esa dbZ laLÑfr;ka jgh gSAikfy&frfiVd lkfgR; esa gesa le.k vkSjczkã.k nks laLÑfr;ksa dk mYys[k feyrk gSaAczkã.k laLÑfr dk tUe osn&oSfnd dky lsgksrk gS vkSj le.k laLÑfr dk tUeosn&oSfnd iwoZ dky ls gksrk gSA bl le.klaLÑfr esa osn&oSfnd iwoZ dky dhlkekftd] /kfeZd vkSj nk'kZfud fopkj/kjkvksa dks lfEefyr gSaA vkSj ;g czkã.klaLÑfr cq¼ iwoZ dky ls eryc osn&oSfnddky ls pys vk jgh gS tks le.k laLÑfr dsckn dh laLÑfr gSaA tks yksx bl ckr dkizpkj djrs gS] feF;k izpkj djrs gSa fdoSfnd laLÑfr gh Hkkjr dh lc ls izkphulaLÑfr gS og xyr izpkj dj jgs gSa] >wBcksy jgs gSaA

MkW- ckcklkgsc vkEcsMdj dh ;gekU;rk Fkh fd] osn&oSfnd dky iwoZHkkjrh; lekt o.kZ vkSj tkfr esa caVk gqvkugha FkkA ogka tUe] oa'k] tkfr ds vk/kj ijeuq"; dks mQap ;k uhp ugha ekuk tkrk FkkAbl lekt dks tUe&tkfr] o.kZ esa ckaVus dkdke oSfnd /eZ] czkã.kh /eZ us fd;k gSAHkkjrh; lekt esa tUe ij vk/kfjrtkfrokn] tkfrHksn dh uhao ;gh ls iM+h gSAoSfnd /eZ vkSj laLÑfr us gh Hkkjrh; lektesa tkfrokn dks iSnk fd;k gS] mldksikyk&ikslk gS vkSj c<+k;k gS ftlesa Hkkjrh;lekt mPp tkfr esa vkSj uhp tkfr esa caVx;k vkSj ,d tkfr ds izfr nwljs tkfr dseu esa ?k`.kk] }s"k] uiQjr vkSj vifo=k]veaxy] vNwr dh Hkkouk iSnk gks xbZ gSaA½Xosn ds iq:"klwDr esa ^fojkV&iq:"k* dkstUe ij vk/kfjr tkfrokn dks] vNwriu dks

iSnk djus ds fy, ftEesnkj ekuk gSA ;gHkkjrh; bfrgkl dh igyh izfrØkfUr gSA ;gosn&oSfnd laLÑfr dh izfrØkfUr ekuoh'kks"k.k] mRihM+u ij vk/kfjr Fkh] lekt esa^Hksn djks vkSj jkt djks* ds fl¼kUr ijvk/kfjr FkhA blhfy, T;ksfrCkk iQqys us osnksadks Hksn iSnk djus okys dgk gS] tks xyr ughagSaA

osnksa dh bl izfrØkfUr ds f[kykiQ vktls rhu gtkj lky igys rFkkxr Hkxoku cq¼us bl ns'k esa ØkfUr dh vkSj mUgksaus laiw.kZczkã.kh fopkj] /eZ] ewY;k] laLÑfr] Hkk"kk]n'kZu vkpkj]fopkj dks udkjkA mlh izpkjmUgksaus oSfndksa ds o.kZokn] czkã.k Js"BRo dksudkjkA blhfy, MkW- ckcklkgsc vkEcsMdj usrFkkxr Hkxoku cq¼ dks Hkkjr dk igykØkfUrdkjh ekuk gSaA gekjs ns'k esa ;g foMacukgS fd ge jktuhfrd lÙkk ds f[kykiQ yM+usokyksa dks ØkfUrdkjh ekurs gSa] vkSjjktuhfrd lÙkk ifjorZu dks ØkfUr dgrs gSaAysfdu tks O;oLFkk ifjorZu ds fy;s yM+rs gSa]lkekftd&lakLÑfrd ifjorZu ds fy;s yM+rsgSa mudks ØkfUrdkjh ugha ekurs gSaA MkW- ckcklkgsc vkEcsMdj us Hkkjr esa izpfyr bl

ekU;rk dks udkjk vkSj tks O;oLFkk ifjorZuds fy;s yM+rs gSa] lkekftd&lkaLÑfrdifjorZu ds fy;s yM+rs gSa mudks lgh vFkks± esaØkfUrdkjh ekuk gSaA mUgksaus lekt O;oLFkkifjorZu dks gh okLrfod ØkfUr ekuk gSaAmUgksaus Hkxoku cq¼ dks blhfy;s Hkkjr dkigyk ØkfUrdkjh ekuk gS D;ksafd mUgksausczkã.kh /eZ dh nklrk ls Hkkjrh; lekt ds,d cgqr cM+s tuleqnk; dks eqfDr dk jkLrkcrk;k gSA MkW- vkEcsMdj dh n`f"V lsjktuhfrd ØkfUr ls Hkh c<+dj gksrh gSlkekftd lkaLÑfrd ØkfUrA

Hkxoku cq¼ dh bl ØkfUr ds f[kykiQczkã.kksa us iqug bl ns'k esa izfrØkfUr dks tUefn;k vkSj mUgksaus viuh lÙkk] vius /eZ]vius lkfgR;] viuh laLÑfr] vius n'kZu dsekè;e ls tkfrokn] tkfrHksn] vNwriu dkstUe fn;k vkSj mldks etcwr fd;kA czkã.kksadh ;g O;oLFkk Ms<+&nks gtkj lky rd yksgsds nhokj dh rjg etcwr jgh] fVdh jghA bltkfrHksn dh vkSj vNwriu dh nhokjksa dksrksM+us dk dke MkW- ckck lkgsc vkEcsMdjus fd;kA os lu~ 1020 ls lu~ 1956 rdczkã.kokn ds f[kykiQ yM+rs jgs vkSj mUgksaus

� MkW-foey dhfrZ

lkekftd ifjorZu dh nf"V ls /kEe ØkfUr dk egÙolkekftd ifjorZu dh nf"V ls /kEe ØkfUr dk egÙolkekftd ifjorZu dh nf"V ls /kEe ØkfUr dk egÙolkekftd ifjorZu dh nf"V ls /kEe ØkfUr dk egÙolkekftd ifjorZu dh nf"V ls /kEe ØkfUr dk egÙo

/Ee ØkfUr dks vPNh rjg le>us ds fy, mudk ^n cq¼k,.M fgt /Ee (cq¼ vkSj mudk /Ee) ^xzaFk cgqr gh egÙoiw.kZgSaA mlh izdkj Hkkjr esa lkekftd ØkfUr dh tM+ksa dks etcwrdjus dss fy, mudk ;g xzaFk jkg fn[kkus dk] ekxZn'kZu djus dkdke djrk gSaA

^*

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14 vDVwcj 1956 dks /Ee ØkfUr dh vFkkZr~mUgksaus cq¼ ds /Ee dks viuk;kA mudh ;g/Ee ØkfUr ,d lkekU; vFkZ eas ,d /eZ dksudkj dj nwljs /eZ dks viukuk ugha gSA ,dbZ'oj dks udkj dj nwljs bZ'oj dks viukusokyh ;g /Ee ØkfUr ugha gSaA mlh izdkj ;g/EeØkfUr ,d bZ'ojh xzaFk dks udkj djnwljs bZ'ojhxzaFk dks viukus okyh ugha gSaAcfYd ;g /Ee ØkfUr lgh vFkks± esa lektifjorZu dh ØkfUr gS] lekt O;oLFkkifjorZu dh ØkfUr gSaA mlh izdkj ;g /EeØkfUr laiw.kZ bZ'ojokn ds f[kykiQ gSaA D;ksafdMkW- vkEcsMdj ds bl /EeØkfUr esa euq";dks] nq[kh] 'kksf"kr vkSj mRihfM+r euq"; dksegÙo fn;k x;k gSaA

bl nss'k esa vkt ls rhu gtkj lky igystks /Ee ØkfUr rFkkxr cq¼ us dh Fkh mlh/Ee ØkfUr dks MkW- vkEcsMdj us ifjorZufd;k gS blfy, vk/qfud Hkkjr esa bl /EeØkfUr dks cM+k egÙo izkIr gks x;k gSAD;ksafd MkW- vkEcsMdj }kjk lapkfyr] izofrZr/Ee ØkfUr dks lkekftd ifjorZu ds lanHkZizkIr gSaA Hkxoku cq¼ dh /Ee ØkfUr dkslkekftd ifjorZu ds lanHkZ izkIr FksAblhfy, cq¼ ds le; esa /Ee ØkfUr dsdkj.k lks;k gqvk fc[kjk gqvk] 'kksf"kr]izrkfM+r cgqtu lekt tkx mBk] lpsr gqvkvkSj oSfnd /eZ ds fo:¼ foæksg djrs gq;scq¼ dh 'kj.k eas x;k] cq¼ ds /Ee esa x;k]la?k dh 'kj.k eas x;k vkSj mlus rRdkyhulekt esa vius ekuoh vf/dkjksa dh j{kk dhvkSj ,d u;s lekt dk fuekZ.k fd;kAHkxoku cq¼ dh /Ee ØkfUr us oSfnd /eZ]ds tkfye] vekuoh;] ekuoh 'kks"k.k ijvk/kfjr :i dks csudkc fd;kA mlh izdkjMkW- ckcklkgsc vkEcsMdj dh /EeØkfUr usfgUnw (oSfnd&czkã.k) /eZ ds tkfye]vekuoh; :i dks csudkc fd;kA MkW-vkEcsMdj dk fo'ys"k.k gS fd fgUnw /eZdsoy ,d /eZ ugha gSa] dsoy ,d J¼k vkSjvkLFkk dh pht ugha gSa] cfYd mldh ,dlekt O;oLFkk gS] mldk viuh ,dvFkZO;oLFkk gS tks ekuoh 'kks"k.k vkSjmRihM+u ij vk/kfjr gSaA og O;oLFkk czkã.kksads fgr esa gS vkSj cgqtuksa ds vfgr esa gSaAblfy, bl 'kks"k.koknh] ekuoh mRihM+uoknhO;oLFkk dks rksM+us ds fy,] u"V djus dsfy, dsoy /Ee ØkfUr gh ,dek=k fodYi

gS ;g MkW- vkEcsMdj dh ekU;rk FkhA fgUnw/eZ dks dsoy ,d /eZ ekuuk] J¼k vkSjvkLFkk dh pht ekuuk lcls cM+h Hkwy gScfYd og ,d O;oLFkk gS vkSj bl O;oLFkkdks udkjus ds fy, /Ee ØkfUr ls c<+djvkSj dksbZ jkLrk ugha gSa bl ckr dks MkW-vkEcsMdj us vPNh rjg le> fy;k FkkAmUgksaus fgUnw /eZ ds bfrgkl dks] fgUnw /eZdh O;oLFkk dks] mlds n'kZu dks] mldhdkuwu O;oLFkk dks brus xgjkbZ eas tkdjle> fy;k Fkk fd Hkkjr ds vkSj lalkj dsfdlh Hkh lekt'kkL=kh] lekt usrk us mrusxgjkbZ esa tkdj ugha le>k FkkA Hkkjr dscgqr lkjs usrkvksa ds fy,] lekt'kkfL=k;ksa dsfy, rks fgUnw /eZ J¼k vkSj vkLFkk dh phtFkhA blfy, os yksx fgUnw /eZ ds vekuoh;]mRihM+u ds Lo:i dks ns[krs gq;s] tkurs gq;sHkh mlds f[kykiQ cksy ugha ldsA egkRekxka/h tSls jk"Vªh; usrk Hkh fgUnw /eZ dsvekuoh; Lo:i dks ns[krs gq;s Hkh mldsf[kykiQ ugha cksy ldsA vius vki dks /eZfujis{k] foX;kuoknh vkSj lektoknh ekuusokys tokgjyky usg: Hkh fgUnw /eZ dsvekuoh; vkSj 'kks"k.k ds Lo:i dks ns[krsgq;s Hkh mlds f[kykiQ ugha cksy ldsA

MkW- jke euksgj yksfg;k vius vki dkslektoknh ekurs Fks] Hkkjr ds ekDlZoknh /eZ dks dkyZekDlZ dh rjg vfiQl ekurs Fksysfdu os Hkh fgUnw /eZ ds f[kykiQ ugha cksyldsA caxky eas ekDlZokn jktuhfr esa gSaysfdu tuthou eas fgUnwokn dk gh cksyckykgSaA vkt Hkh Hkkjr esa tgka&tgka fgUnqRookndk izHkko gS ogka&ogka tkfrokn dk]czkã.kokn dk vR;kpkjh Lo:i fn[kk;h nsrkgSaA /eZ ds uke ij Hkkjr eas nfyrksa ij vktHkh vU;k; gks jgk gSA MkW- vkEcsMdj us blckr dks vPNh rjg le> fy;k Fkk fdnfyrksa ij tks vU;k; gks jgk gS og fgUnw /eZ ds gh dkj.k gks jgk gSaA vkSj nfyr fgUnwgksus ds dkj.k gh lo.kZ fgUnw yksx] mQaphtkfr ds fgUnw yksx mUgsa balku Hkh ugha ekursgSaA vNwr yksx lo.kZ fgUnqvksa ds fy, i'kqvksals Hkh uhp gSaA vkSj ;g lc fgUnw /eZ dsdkj.k gh ekuk tk jgk gSA bl vekuoh; /eZ ls] vekuoh; O;oLFkk ls dSls NwVdkjkik;k tk ldrk gSa ;g ,d cgqr gh egÙoiw.kZloky MkW- ckcklkgsc vkEcsMdj ds lkeusFkkA os Hkh vius egÙo dks c<+kus ds fy,

Hkkjr ds rRdkyhu jk"Vªh; usrkvksa dh rjglÙkk ikus ds fy, vkSj czkã.kksa dks [kq'k djusds fy, fgUnw /eZ dh iz'kalk dj ldrs FksAysfdu MkW- vkEcsMdj us lÙkk ds eksg dksudkjk vkSj czkã.kksa ds iz'kalk dh Hkh ijokgugha dhA lp dgus dh fgEer lHkh esa ughagksrh gSaA lHkh cq¼ ugha gksrs gSaA lp dks dgusds fy, [kqn dk LokFkZ ugha pkfg,A lp dkscksyus ds fy, O;fDr futh LokFkZ ls mQijpkfg,A MkW- vkECksMdj vius ledkyhujk"Vªh; usrkvksa dh rjg [kqn ds LokFkZ dsfy,] [kqn ds uke ds fy, ugha ft,A blfy,mUgksaus cgqr gh fufHkZdrk ls lp dks dgk fdnfyrksa dh ihM+k dh tM+s fgUnw /eZ esa gSaAcgqtuksa dks 'kks"k.k fgUnw /eZ ds dkj.k /eZds uke ij gks jgk gS vkSj ;g rc rd gksrsjgsxk tc rd os fgUnw cus gSaA

MkW- vkEcsMdj ds bl fu"d"kZ dkHkkjr dk dksbZ Hkh rRdkyhu jk"Vªh; usrk[k.Mu ugha dj ldkA mlh izdkj muds blfu"d"kZ dk Hkkjr dk dksbZ Hkh lekt'kkL=kh[k.Mu ugha dj ldkA vkSj vkt Hkh vktknhds lÙkkou lky ckn Hkh dksbZ usrk] fpUrd]nk'kZfud] lekt'kkL=kh muds er dk [k.Muugha dj ldkA vkt Hkh Hkkjr esa czkã.kokn]Bkdqjokn] jktiwrokn D;ksa iui jgk gSa\ fgUnw/eZ ds dkj.kA vkt Hkh Hkkjr esa nfyr vkSjfiNM+h tkfr;ksa ij] vkfnokfl;ksa ij] fgUnw /eZ ds dkj.k vU;k; gks jgk gSaA cgqtu lektds vkj{k.k dk fojks/ Hkh fgUnw /eZ dsdkj.k gh gks jgk gSA fdlkuksa dks vkRegR;kdjuh iM+ jgh gS og Hkh fgUnw /eZ ds dkj.kghA D;ksafd fgUnw /eZ us mu yksxksa dks dHkh;g ugha crk;k fd ekuoh thou dk ewY;D;k gSaA thou dks dSls thuk pkfg,\ blfy,Hkkjr ds fdlkuksa esa vkRegR;k djus dhHkkouk c<+h gSaA vkRegR;k djus okyk fdlkufiNM+h tkfr dk fgUnw gh gSaA bl laUnHkZ esatc ge lksprs gSa rc MkW- ckcklkgscvkEcsMdj dh /Ee ØkfUr dk fdruk cM+kegÙo gS]mldh nk'kZfud xgjkbZ fdruh gSbl ckr dk irk pyrk gSaA cq¼ dk /Eefdlh Hkh :i esa vkRegR;k dk leFkZu ughadjrk gSaA

MkW- vkEcsMdj fdlh Hkh leL;k dksmQijh rkSj ij lkspus okys fpUrd] nk'kZfudugha FksA Hkkjr esa rks ge mldks n'kZfud]fpUrd ekurs gSa tks bZ'oj] vkRek] ijekRek]

38

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l`f"V dk fuekZ.k] l`f"V dk lapkyu vkfn dsckjs eas lksprk gSaA mlh izdkj osn] mifu"kn~]jkek;.k egkHkkjr] xhrk] iqjk.k ds ckjs esafy[krk gS] tks >wB cksyrk gSa] feF;k X;ku nsrkgSa] ftlesa lp cksyus dh fgEer ugha gSa mlhdks ge cM+k egku vkSj cM+k nk'kZfud dgrsgSaA ysfdu MkW- vkEcsMdj us Hkkjrh; lektds lp dks dgk gSa] Hkkjrh; lekt dh ijrksadks iwjh rjg [kksy fn;k gSa] bZ'oj] vkRek]ijekRek ds >wB dh iksy dks mtkxj fd;kgSa] tkfrHksn vkSj vNwiu ds n'kZu'kkL=k dksmtkxj dj fn;k gS blfy, Hkkjr ds fdlhrFkkdfFkr X;kuh dqyksRiUu O;fDr us mudksnk'kZfud ugha dgka gSaA okLro esa MkW- ckcklkgsc vkEcsMdj vk/qfud Hkkjr ds lclsegku~ nk'kZfud gSa ftUgksasus tkfrHksn dsn'kZu'kkL=k dks Li"V dj fn;k gSaA MkW-vkEcsMdj dh /EeØkfUr muds nk'kZfudO;fDrRo dks] muds nk'kZfud lksp dks Li"Vdjrh gSaA

Hkkjr esa lkekftd ØkfUr ds fy, cq¼/Ee dk ,d fo'ks"k egÙo gSaA D;ksafd cq¼/Ee dh tM+s Hkkjrh; bfrgkl esa gSa bl ckrdks MkW- vkEcsMdj us vPNh rjg tkuk FkkAblfy, mUgksaus cq¼ /Ee dks viuk;k vkSjlHkh dks viukus dh lykg nhA ysfdunk'kZfud n`f"V ls Hkh mUgksaus nfyrksa vkSjcgqtuksa ds fy, cq¼ /Ee dks viukus dhlykg nh gSaA mUgksaus 14 vDVwcj 1956 dkscq¼ /Ee nh{kk ysus ds ckn cq¼ /Ee viukusokyksa dks ckbZl izfrKk,a nhaA bu ckbZlizfrKkvksa esa mudk nk'kZfud lksp lek;kgqvk gSaA bu ckbZl izfrKkvksa esa ;fn lcls cM+hdksbZ ckr gSa rks og gSa fdlh Hkh :i esa bZ'oj]vkRek vkj ijekRek dh ladYiuk dks udkj]l`f"V ds bZ'oj }kjk fufeZr dks vLohdkj]czkã.k&i.Mk&iqjksfgrokn dks udkj]vykSfddrkokn dks udkj] /kfeZddeZdk.M] /kfeZd ik[kM+uksa dks udkj vkSjO;fDr dh Lora=krk dks Lohdkj vkfn vkfnckrsa MkW- vkEcsMdj dh nk'kZfudrk dks O;Drdjrh gSaA mlh izdkj mudk 15 vDVwcj1956 dk vfHkHkk"k.k Hkh mudh nk'kZfudrkdks gh O;Dr djrk gSaA MkW- vkEcsMdj viusO;k[;ku esa dgrs gSa] fd&^^ge >xM+ jgs gSavius lEeku ds fy,A euq"; dks iw.kkZoLFkkdks ys tkus ds fy,** euq"; dks lEeku dhckr vkSj euq"; ds iw.kkZoLFkk dh ckr muds

xaHkhj nk'kZfud lksp dh n'kZd gSaA mUgksausblh Hkk"k.k esa ;g Hkh dgk Fkk]^^euq"; vkSji'kq esa iQdZ gSa] i'kq dks ?kkl yxrk gSa] euq";dks Hkkstu yxrk gSaA ysfdu i'kq vkSj euq";esa iQdZ ;g gS fd i'kq dks euq* ugha gSa euq";dks ^eu* gS vkSj 'kjhj Hkh gSaA ;g ckr dksbZnk'kZfud gh dg ldrk gSa] dksbZ jktuhfrd;k etnwj usrk ughaA MkW- vkEcsMdj vkxsdgrs gSa fd]^fgUnw /eZ ds dkj.k fdlh dkHkh dY;k.k gksus okyk ugha gSa] og /eZ ghu"VHkz"V gSa*--- ^xjhcksa dks /eZ dhvko';drk gSa]*--- xjhc O;fDr thrk gSamEehn ij*---- thou dk ewy vk'kk (hope)gSaA* gj nfyr] 'kksf"kr] izrkfM+r] v'kkghuO;fDr esa] lekt esa vk'kk txkus dk dkedksbZ nk'kZfud gh dj ldrk gSa] lksp ldrk]gSaA MkW- vkEcsMdj dh /Ee ØkfUr rks 'kksf"krlekt esa] cgqtu lekt esa vk'kk,a txkus dh]vk'kk,a iSnk djus okyh ØkfUr gS vkSj fiNysipkl o"kksZ esa ge yksxksa us bl ckr dks vPNhrjg vuqHko fd;k gSaA fiQj MkW- vkEcsMdjdgrs gSa fd] ^nqfu;k esa tc rd U;k; ughafeyrk rc rd 'kkfUr ugha jgsxhA* erycvkt nqfu;k esa v'kkfUr gS og vU;k; ijvk/kfjr lekt O;oLFkk ds dkj.kA blhfy,MkW- vkEcsMdj us lalkj dks cq¼ dh jkg ijpyus dh lykg nh gSaA cq¼ /Ee ds lEcU/esa muds ftrus Hkh O;k[;ku gSa muesa mudkn'kZfud lksp gh O;Dr gksrk gSaA

mlh izdkj /Ee ØkfUr dks vPNh rjgle>us ds fy, mudk ^n cq¼k ,.M fgt /Ee (cq¼ vkSj mudk /Ee) ^xzaFk cgqr ghegÙoiw.kZ gSaA mlh izdkj Hkkjr esa lkekftdØkfUr dh tM+ksa dks etcwr djus dss fy,mudk ;g xzaFk jkg fn[kkus dk] ekxZn'kZudjus dk dke djrk gSaA /Ee ØkfUr dksle>us ds fy, muds bl xzaFk dks vPNh rjgle>uk t:jh gSaA cq¼ ds /Ee esa fdlh Hkhckr dks vykSfdd ;k nSoh ;k bZ'ojh; ughaekuk x;k gSaA cq¼ ds opu tks ikfy frfiVdgSa mldks Hkh ckS¼ lekt vykSfdd ;kbZ'ojh; xzaFk ugha ekurk gSaA mlh izdkj MkW-vkEcsMdj dh /EeØkfUr esa fdlh HkhvykSfdd ;k bZ'ojh;okn dk dksbZ erycugha gSaA muds xzaFk cq¼ vkSj mudk /Ee* dksHkh bl rjg dk dksbZ LFkku ugha gSaA ysfduHkkjr esa ckS¼ksa ds fy, ;g ,d vuqÙkjvuqie xzaFk gSaA Hkxoku cq¼ ds /Ee dks

le>us ds fy, vkt gekjs ikl blls cf<+;kvkSj dksbZ xzaFk ugha gSaA ckS¼ lkfgR; fo'kkygSa] ;gka xzUFk jRuksa dk Hk.Mkj gSaA ckS¼lkfgR; ikfy eas gS] laLÑr esa gSa] flagy Hkk"kkesa gSa] cjeh Hkk"kk esa gSa] FkkbZ Hkk"kk esa gSa] frcsVhesa gSa] phuh Hkk"kk esa gSa] tkikuh Hkk"kk esa gSaAmlh izdkj ckS¼ lkfgR; lalkj dhvyx&vyx Hkk"kkvksa esa Hkh fy[kk x;k gSa]fy[kk tk jgk gSaA ysfdu vkt ds lanHkZ esa]Hkkjrh; lanHkZ esa tgka laiw.kZ :i esa cq¼ /Eedks le>k;k x;k gS og ,dek=k xzaFk gSa ^cq¼vkSj mudk /EeA* bl xzaFk dks le>dj ghge MkW- vkEcsMdj dh /Ee ØkfUr dks le>ldrs gSaA ikfy&frfiVd ds ckn ikfy Hkk"kkesa dbZ egÙoiw.kZ xzaFkksa dh jpuk gqbZA mlhizdkj laLÑr esa Hkh cM+s&cM+s ckS¼&vkpk;ksZds cM+s&cM+s egÙoiw.kZ xzaFk gSaA ckS¼ksa dh ;gijEijk jgh gS fd os cq¼ opu ds lkFk viusvkpk;ks± ds opuksa dks Hkh izek.k ekurs gSa]mudh ok.kh dk vknj djrs gSaA MkW-vkEcsMdjj dk ;g xzaFk cq¼&opuksa dk lkjvkSj laxzg gS tks vk/qfud Hkkjr esa /EeØkfUrdks liQy cukus ds fy,] etcwr djus dsfy, vkSj Hkkjr esa lekurk] lkekftd U;k;]ekuork dh LFkkiuk ds fy, fy[kk x;k gSaAblfy, ;g xzaFk lHkh ckS¼ksa ds fy, izek.k gSa]bl xzaFk ds izfr fdlh dks dksbZ lansg ughagksuk pkfg,A

tks O;fDr MkW- vkEcsMdj dh ;ksX;rkij] mudh izfrc¼rk ij lansg djrk gSa] ogO;fDr O;fDr dgus ds yk;d gh ugha gSa] MkW-vkEcsMdj dk ^cq¼ vkSj mudk /Ee* xzaFkckS¼ksa ds fy, mruk gh egÙoiw.kZ gSa ftruscq¼ opuA vkSj bl xzaFk dks lkFk esa ysdjgh ge Hkkjr esa lkekftd ØkfUr ds pØ dksvkxs c<+k ldrs gSaA Hkkjr esa lkekftd ØkfUrdk pØ vkxs c<+sxk rks gh /Ee ØkfUr dk/EepØ Hkh vkxs c<+ ldrs gSaA vxj bl ns'kesa fdlh u fdlh dkj.k lkekftd ØkfUr:d xbZ] Fke xbZ rks /Ee ØkfUr Hkh :dtk;sxh] Fke tk;sxh] D;ksafd lkekftdifjorZu fojksf/;ksa dh la[;k vkt ds Hkkjresa de ugha gSaA lkekftd ifjorZu fojks/hyksx /EeØkfUr ds Hkh fojks/h gSa] cq¼ /Eeds Hkh fojks/h gSA mlh izdkj os cgqr gh prqjvkSj pkykd gSaA blfy, /EeØkfUr ds lqo.kZt;Urh o"kZ esa ge yksxksa dks cgqr gh lpsrjgus dh t:jr gSaA

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17&3&2013 ds nSfud tkxj.k esa Nikfd ukxiqj ds vk;dj fVªC;quy dk ekuuk gSfd fgUnwRo dksbZ etgc ugha gSaA fgUnw nsohnsorkvksa ds iwtu vkSj eafnj ds j[k j[kkcij gksus okys [kpZ dks /kfeZd dk;Z ugha ekuktk ldrkA

U;k;kf/dj.k dk ekuuk fcydqy lghagSaA Lo.kZ fgUnw cqf¼ thoh fgUnw/eZ dh pkgstks Hkh ifjHkk"kk x<rs jgsa ij ;g fgUnw ukeeqlyekuksa dk fn;k gqvk gSaA gtkjksa o"kZ igyseqlyekuksa us ijkftr Hkkjrh; lekt dksftlesa vk;Zoa'kh o ewy fuoklh nksuksa gh'kkfey FksA tks gtkjksa tkfr;ksa mitkfr;ksa esacaVk gqvk Fkk] igpku ds fy;s ?k`f.kr xkyh ds:i esa ;g uke fn;k FkkA ftldk vFkZ iQkjlhHkk"kk esa dk;j pksj cqtfny o dkfiQj crk;kx;k gSaaA Lokeh n;kuUn th us bl 'kCn dkdMk fojks/ fd;k Fkk blh fy;s mUgksaus 1875esa vk;Z lekt dh LFkkiuk dh FkhA czkÞe.kksaus vius vki dks lu~ 1921 rd Hkh fgUnw ugha

ekuk FkkA ijUrq ckn eas bl fy;s eku fy;k fd'kk;n fudV Hkfo"; esa Hkkjr vktkn gksldrk gSaA ml le; lÙkk cgqer ds gkFk esagksxh] vYi la[;d czkÞe.k ;g jgL; tYnhgh le> x;s Fks fd fgUnw 'kCn ds dkj.k gens'k dh lÙkk ij dCtk djysaxsA

ns'k vktkn gqvk] igys iz/ku ea=kh ia-tokgj yky usg: cus] usg:th dh dwV uhfrls laln] U;k; ikfydk] dk;Z ikfy dk] vkfn{ks=kksa esa czkÞe.k 'kh"kZ inksa ij fojkt eku gksx;sA vkt Hkh ;s fgUnw lekt dk LokfHkdxq: cuk gqvk gSaA czkÞe.kokn dk gh nwljkuke fgUnw /eZ gSaA Hkkjrh; lekt dks[kUM&[kUM djuk] ?k`.kk uiQjr iQSykuk]vkil esa cSj j[kuk] buds /eZ 'kkL=kksa Le`freuqLe`fr iqjk.kksa] us c[kwch fl[kk;k gSaAeuqLe`fr us rks 'kwæksa vfr 'kwæksa ewy fuokfl;ksadks bUlku u ekudj tkuojksa ls Hkh cnrjthou thus dk lans'k fn;kA euqLe`fr eas fy[kkgSa fd 'kwæ dksbZ Hkwy ls 'yksd Hkh lqu ys rksjktk mlds dkuksa esa fi?kyk lhlk Myok nsAvkSj ;fn og 'yksd dk mPpk j.k Hkh djs

rks mldh thHk dVok nsuh pkfg;sA budhjkek;.k dgrh gSa fd 'kwæ xaokj <ksy i'kqukjh] ;s lc rkM+u ds vf/dkjhA nqfu;ka dslHkh /eksZ dh /eZ iqLrdksa esa vius gh /eZca/qvksa ds f[kykiQ ,slh ?k`f.kr "kM;a=k dkjhckrsa ugha fy[kh gksaxhA ;s mijksDr ykbZufgUnqRo ds lanHkZ eas fy[kh xbZ gSaA

vc ns[kuk gSa fd fgUnw eafnjksa ls D;k /kfeZd f'k{kk feyrh gSaA Hkkjr esa u;s iqjkusdjksM+ksa eafnj gSa jke eafnj f'ko] nqxkZ guqeku'kfu eafnj lkabZ eafnj vkfn&vkfn eafnjksa dsfuekZ.k esa vkt dy u;s&u;s vkfo"dkj Hkhgksus yxs gSaA tSls lHkh tkfr;ksa] tkfrokj viusvyx&vyx eafnj cukus yxh gSaA cgqr lkjscM+s&cM+s eafnjksa esa yk[kksa djksM+ksa /uoku fgUnwvferkHk tSls fiQYeh ghjks ,d eafnj esa 9djksM+ dk czSlysV Hkxoku ds pj.kksa esa HksaVdj nsrs gSaA ijUrq xjhcksa Hkw[kksa dks dqN ughansrs Hkkjr ds cSadksa ls chl xq.kk T;knk /unkSyr ns'kh fons'kh eqæk ghjs tokgkjkr fgUnweafnjksa esa Hkjk iM+k gSaA ftl ij yk[kksa <ksaxhczkÞe.k iaMs iqtkjh lk/q lsr fuBYys IkMs ekSt

fgUnw /eZ gh fl[kkrk gS vkil esa cSj j[kuk

� Mh-ih- 'khy

dêðj fgUnw nwljh tkfr;ksa ds yksxksa ds izfr fdruh cSj Hkkouk j[krs gSaA pawfd vk;Z czkÞe.kLo.kZ fgUnw fons'kh gSa blh fy;s ewy fuoklh cgqtuksa ds izfr 'k=kq Hkko eu eas j[krs gSa uiQjr dhHkkouk ugha NksM+ ikrs bu dh izR;sd ih<+h nwljh ih<+h dks ;g dqfVy Hkkouk fojklr esa NksM+djtkrh gSaA^*

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ekjrsa gSaA90 izfr'kr eklyksa esa ljdkjh tehu ij

Bh voS/ dCtk djds fgUnw eafnj cu tkrsgSa ljdkj esa cSBs czkÞe.koknh usrkvksa dslaj{k.k esa ljdkj dh rjiQ ls fctyh ikuhlqj{kk o vU; lqfo/k;sa cM+h vklkuh ls eqÝresa izkIr gks tkrh gSaA eafnjksa ds iqjksfgr iaMsiqtkjh va/ J¼kyvksa fo'ks"k dk efgykvksa lsva/ fo'okl Hkjh ckrsa vxyk fiNyk tUeHkkX; Hkxoku ds peRdkj mQap uhp tkfrikafr ifo=k vifo=k Nwr vNwr cM+h pkykdhls ?k`.kk uiQjr dk /kfeZd ?kksy (;kuh /eZdh viQhe) fiykrs jgrs gSa ;fn vki fdlhi<+s fy[ks fgUnw ls ;g iwNs fd vki tkr ikrNqok Nwr esa fo'okl djrs gSaA rks og ;ghadgsxk fd eSa rks Nqok Nwr tkr ikr dks ughaekurk ijUrq esjh ?kj okyh cgqr ekurh gSaAfgUnw 33 djksM+ nsoh nsorkvksa dks ekurk gSaAgj lky u;s Hkxoku o nsoh nsorkvksa dkvkfo"dkj Hkh dj ysrk gSaA ijUrq fuLokFkZJ¼k rks fdlh ds fy;s Hkh ugha j[krkA bu dhvkLFkk dsoy peRdkjksa esa gksrh ;s ,slsHkxokuksa dks NksM Hkh nsrs gSaA tks peRdkj ughafn[kkrs ;s fuLokFkZ iwtk ikB dHkh dj gh ughaldrsA ;s blh Hkze esa Mwcs jgrs gSa fd 'kk;ndksbZ nsoh nsork ;k Hkxoku bu dh bPNkt:j iwjh djsxk vkt dy lkabZ ckck bu dslcls fiz; peRdkjh nsork Hkxoku cu x;sgSa tc ;g vius lHkh nsoh nsorkvksa dhiwtk ikB dj ds Fkd tkrk gSA vkSj dqNugha feyrk rks eqlyekuksa dh NksVh lh etkjij tkdj ihj ckck ds pn~nj p<+kusyxrk gSaA

yk[kksa fgUnw izfro"kZ LokFkZ o'k ghizfro"kZ vtesj 'kjhiQ tkdj pn~nj p<+krs gSafgUnw eqlyekuksa dh rjg vius /eZ ij dHkhiDds vfMx ugha jg ikrk gSaA HkVdrk fiQjrkgSaA fdl dke dk gS ;s fgUnw /eZ vfr/kfeZd <ksaxh fgUnw 15]20 yk[k dh dkj lsmrj dj 50 gtkj dk eksckbZy fy;s guqekueafnj esa eaxyokj dks czkÞe.k iqtkjh dspj.kksa esa feBkbZ o :i;ksa dh Fkkyh j[k dj]ekFks ij fryd o gkFk esa xs:, jax dk/kxk ca/ok dj cM+h 'kkafr izkIr djrk gSaA/U; gks tkrk gSaA ijUrq ogha lMh ekufldrkokyk O;fDr tc eafnj ls ckgj fudyrk gSaArks Hkw[ks uaxs eq>kZ;s psgjs fy;s vikfgtfHk[kkfj;ksa dh ykbZu ns[kdj ?k`.kk ls xkyh

cdrk gqvk (gjketkns uhp dekdj ugha [kkldrs] eqag iQsj dj viuh dkj eas cSB djpyk tkrk gSaA ,sls yksx ekuork d:.kk] n;kls dks"kksa nwj jgrs gSaA ;s iwaftifr fgUnw viusdqÙkksa ij gtkjksa :i;s jkst [kpZ dj nsrs gSaAij D;k etky fdlh Hkw[ks xjhc nfyrvkfnoklh ij bUgsa tjk lk Hkh jge (n;k vktk;s) ,sls dêðj fgUnw nwljh tkfr;ksa ds yksxksads izfr fdruh cSj Hkkouk j[krs gSaA pawfd vk;ZczkÞe.k Lo.kZ fgUnw fons'kh gSa blh fy;s ewyfuoklh cgqtuksa ds izfr 'k=kq Hkko eu eas j[krsgSa uiQjr dh Hkkouk ugha NksM+ ikrs bu dhizR;sd ih<+h nwljh ih<+h dks ;g dqfVy Hkkoukfojklr esa NksM+dj tkrh gSaA

f'k{kk o ukSdjh ds {ks=k esa Lo.kZ fgUnwVhpj dh vka[kksa esa vuqlwfpr tkfr otutkfr ds fo|kfFkZ;ksa ds fy;s feyus okyhNk=ko`fÙk dkaVs dh rjg pqerh gSaA nfyrfo|kfFkZ;ksa dh ihB ihB ihNs mPp oxZ dscPpksa dks HkMdk;k tkrk gSaA ;s Vhpj nfyrksads cPpksa dks tkfrxr xkyh o ekjj ihV rddjrs gSaA xjhcksa ds ;s cPps Mj&Mj ghuHkkouk ls xzLr fMizSlu ds f'kdkj gks tkrs gSa80 izfr'kr ;s cPps i<+kbZ NksM+ dj ?kj cSBtkrs gSaA bruh vMpus Mkyus ds ckn Hkh dqNnfyr ;qod ukSdjh yk;d f'k{kk izkIr djysrs gSa bUVjO;q ij bUgsa v;ksX; crk dj ckgjdj fn;k tkrk gSa 5 izfr'kr dks ;fn ukSdjhvkj{k.k dh otg ls fey Hkh xbZ rks vkfiQlesa fdlh ?kfV;k lhV ij fcBk fn;k tkrk gSaAvUr esa fgUnw lgdfeZ;ksa }kjk VSa'ku>syrs&>syrs ,d fnu fjVk;j gks tkrk gSavius cPps dks Hkh ml nÝrj esa ugha yxkikrkA czkÞe.koknh viQljksa ds fny esa nfyrvNwrksa ds izfr fdruh cSj Hkkouk Hkjh gqbZ gSafd xzqi Mh ;kuh Dykl 4 dh ukSdjh dhHkjrh Hkh caandj nh xbZ gSa rkfd gekjs cPpspijklh ukSdjhnkj gSYij vkfn dh ukSdjh Hkhuk ik ldsaA

lkekftd {ks=k esa euqoknh fgUnw vceqlyekuksa ds chp esa tkrk gS rks nfyrksa dhth Hkj dj vkykspuk djrk gSaA HkbZ vktdy rks ukSdjh cl ckYehfd o tkVoksa dksgh fey jgh gSaA vkj{k.k ds cy ij ;s vkxsc<+rs tk jgs gSaA fgUnw eqlyekuksa ds yM+dspkgs ,sfM;ka jxM+&jxM+ dj ej tk;sa] ijukSdjh ugha feyrh nfyrksa ls csgn xjhc rkscspkjs eqlyeku HkkbZ gSaA cM+h pkykdh ls

nfyrksa ds f[kykiQ tgj ?kksy dj pyk vkrkgSaA tc dgha pqxy [kksj fgUnw nfyrksa ds chpgksrk gSa rks dgrk gS fd HkbZ rqe rks fgUnw gks]gekjs HkkbZ gks] eqlyeku pksjh Nqis xk; dkekal [kkrk gSaA xk; rks ge fgUnqvksa dh ekrkgSa] eqlyeku tgka Hkh jgrk gSa gj rjg dhxanxh iQSykrk gSa bUgha ds yksx vkardoknhyqVsjs pksj cykRdkjh gksrs gSaA bldk iM+kslvPNk ugha gksrk] pwafd ;s fgUnqvksa dh cgucsfV;ksa ij cqjh utj j[krk gSaA ;g dkSeLoHkko ls gh can utj gksrh gSaA

tc ;g ckYehfd lekt ds chp tkrkgSa rks dgrk gSaA HkbZ lkjh vkjf{kr lhVksa ij rkstkVo pekjksa dk dCtk gks x;k gSaA rqEgkjsfgLls dh lkjh ukSdfj;ksa ij ;s gh dCtk djjgs gSaA rqe vyx ls vkj{k.k D;ksa ugha ekaxrsArqe dqN djrs D;ksa ugha\ rqe rks bu ls cgqrihNs jg x;sA bu ds yksx rks mQaph tkfr;ksa lsHkh mQij igqap x;s rqe yksx vius gd dhyM+kbZ vyx ls D;ksa ugha yM+rsA bu nks nfyrtkfr;ksa ds chp fdl rjg ,d czkÞe.k tgj?kksyrk fiQjrk gSa fdl pkykdh ls nq'euh iSnkdjrk gSaA tc og tkVoksa ds chp tkrk gSaA rksdgrk gSaA HkbZ vki yksxksa dh tkfr rks vc[kqc rjDdh dj jgha gSaA vki yksx rks i<+fy[kdj mQaps&mQaps inksa ij igqap jgs gksAvkidk ckYehfd;ksa ds lkFk D;k esy mudslkFk [kkuk ihuk mBuk cSBuk j[kksxsa rks yksxrqe ls Hkh uiQjr djus yxsxsa vjs ;s rks cM+hxanh dkSe gSa ;s rks 'kjkch tqvkjh f'k{kk ls nwj;s rks liQkbZ ds dke esa gh Bhd gSaA vc mQaphtkfr ds yksx rqe yksxksa ls tkr ikr NqvkNwrugha djrs HkbZ bu ds lkFk rks NqvkNwr ikrekuuh gh iM+rh gSa] ge mQaph tkfr ds yksxckYehfd;ksa dks eafnj esa Hkh ?kqlus ugha nsrsdksbZ /ks[k nsdj pyk tk;s rks dg ughaldrsA

vUr esa ;g dguk fcydqy lR; gSa fdczkÞe.kksa us Hkkjrh; lekt dks izFke 4 o.kZesa ckaVk] fiQj tkfr;ksa esa ckaVrs&ckaVrs cSj dhHkkouk Hkjrs&Hkjrs 16000 tkfr;ksa eas ckaVfn;kA czkÞe.kokn dk fo"kk.kq vc fons'kksa esaHkh iQSyus yxk gSa ;wjksfi;u] vesfjdu ns'kksa esa;s djksM+ksa dh rknkn esa tk cls gSa bZlkbZ lektesa Hkh ?k`.kk uiQjr tkr ikr NqokNwrpqids&pqids /hjs iQSyk jgs gSaA pwafd bZlkbZmnkj fny ds gksrs gSa ;s Hkh czkÞe.kokn dsf'kdkj gks ldrs gSaA

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bZ'ojokn] vkRek] ijekRek] HkkX; rFkkvU/fo'okl ij gh vk/kfjr gSaA bZ'ojoknhfopkj /kjk ds ekuus okys bl i{k esa rdZ nsrsgSa fd bZ'oj lR; gSa] bZ'oj d.k&d.k vFkkZrizR;sd txg O;kIr gSa] leLr dk;Z bZ'oj dhbPNk ds vuqlkj gh gksrs gSa] ml dk dksbZ :iugha] dksbZ vkdkj ugha] og (bZ'oj) rksvn`'; gSaA cykRdkj] ?kksVkys] gR;k,sa] nfyro 'kksf"krksa ij vR;kpkj] lalkj esa Hkw[kejhefgykvksa dk lekt esa uaxk ?kqekuk] HkdEio ck<+ rFkk vdky esa loZuk'k lHkh rksbZ'oj dh Ñik ls gh rks gksrk gSa tks yksxbZ'oj esa fo'okl djrs gSa] os bZ'oj dksloZ'kfDreku] loZ O;kid rFkk vUr;kZehdgrs gSaA

bZ'oj ns[k jgk gSa fd lalkj dh lEifÙkdsoy 5 izfr'kr yksxksa ds ikl gSaA turk Hkw[kls ej jgh gSa] ns'k dtZnkj gSaA fdUrqlk/q lU;kfl;ksa ij vjcksa dh lEifÙk gSa]efUnjksa esa vjcks dh lEifÙk nch iM+h gSa]lk/q lU;klh O;kikjh cu dj turk dks Baxjgs gSaA ;s lc bZ'oj dh n;k ls gh rks gks jgkgSaA bZ'oj dh gh Ñik gSaA fiQj Hkh bZ'oj dksU;k;h o n;kyw dgk tkrk gSaA fgUnw 'kkL=kksa esa;g Hkh fy[kk gS fd bZ'oj us lalkj dkscuk;k gSaA bZ'oj us ekuo :i esa dHkh tUeugha fy;k gSaA og rks vn`'; o vKkr gSAijUrq vxj bl bZ'oj ds :i] jax Lo:i dko.kZu djs] rks ge ;g ik;saxs fd bZ'oj dkjax :i Lo:i ugha gSa] vxj dksbZ oLrqvlR; o vn`'; gSa rks og dsoy dYiuk ghgks ldrh gSaA

bZ'oj dsoy dYiuk ek=k gSa%&bZ'oj gS ;k ugha ;g ,d fookfnr

fo"k; gSaA D;ksafd bZ'oj ds ekuus okys blsloZO;kih]loZ'kfDreku] vn`';] l`f"VfuekZrkekurs gSaA bZ'ojokn esa fo'okl u djus okysekurs gSa fd bZ'oj uke dh dksbZ oLrq ij'kfDr ugha gSa] ;g dsoy dYiuk gSaA D;ksafdlHkh fgUnwRo dks ekuus okys rFkk vU; /eksZds ekuus okys dsoy ;gh Lohdkj dgrs gSafd bZ'oj us lalkj dks cuk;k cuk;k gSaA

ijUrq vius fl¼kUr dks fl¼ ugha dj ikrs gSaAvUr esa ;gha ekuk tkrk gS fd tks bZ'oj dkssugha ekurs oks vKkuh gSaA Hkxoku rFkkxr cq¼us Hkh dgk gS fd fdlh us Hkh bZ'oj dks ughans[kk gSA ;g dksbZ Hkh fl¼ ugha dj ldrkbZ'oj gSA D;ksafd ^^bl lalkj dk dHkhfuekZ.k ugha gqvk] bl lalkj dk fodkl gqvkgSaA** ;g dsoy bZ'oj 'kfJr /eZ dhdYiukfJr gSa vFkok dYiuk ek=k gSaA bZ'ojij vkfJr /eZ] ekuo ds fy, mi;ksxh ughagSA og dsoy feF;k fo'okl mRiUu djrkgSaA

D;k bZ'oj gSa %&ckS¼ /eZ ds ekuus okys bZ'oj okn]

HkkX;okn] vkRek RkFkk ijekRek esa dksbZfo'okl ugha] djrs gSa D;ksafd budk ekuuk gSafd bZ'oj uke dh dksbZ pht gS gh ughaA abldk dksbZ jax :i rFkk Lo:i ugha gSa bldks fdlh us ns[kk Hkh ugha gSaA bZ'oj dsoydYiuk ek=k gSaA blh izdkj bZlkbZ izlkjlfefr dk Hkh iQSlyk gSaA bZlkbZ izpkjvfHkeku ds rgr ,d losZ{k.k djk;k x;kFkkA fczVsu esa ,d bZlkbZ vfHk;ku us lkfcrdj fn;k gSaA fd ^^bZ'oj uke dh dksbZ pht

;k oLrq ugha gSaA** bl vfHk;ku ds }kjk djk;sx;s losZ{k.k esa 'kkfey izfr Hkkfx;ksa esa ls 96izfr'kr yksxksa us dgk fd os loZ'kfDrekubZ'oj esa fo'okl ugha djrs gSaA

^^fn vYiQk dkslZ** us ;g loky iwNkFkk] D;k bZ'oj dk vfLrRo gSa\ mlus yksxksals vuqjks/ fd;k Fkk fd os gka] ugha vFkoklEHkor% esa ls viuk vku ykbu tokc pquusls igys lcwrksa ij xkSj djsaA 88 gtkj lsT;knk yksxksa us bl loky ij viuh izfr fØ;knhA

n lu dh fjiksVZ ds vuqlkj pkSdkusokyh ckr ;g lgh fd bu eas ls 96 izfr'krus mDr bZlkbZ osclkbV ij viuk er nsrs gq,dgk fd os bZ'oj dks ugha ekurs fliQZ 3izfr'kr us bZ'oj esa viuk Hkjkslk trk;k]tcfd ,d iQhlnh yksxksa us dgk fd bZ'ojds vfLrRo dks ysdj muds fopkj fuf'prugha gSaA izoDrk ekdZ ,Ylu&Mso us dgk eq>sugha yxrk fd og losZ{k.k ns'k ds yksxksa dsfo'okl dks n'kkZrk gSaA (fgUnwLrku24&1&01) mu ds loZs{k.k ds vk/kj ij;g rks dguk lEHko gSa fd okLro esa yksxksadh Hkkoukvksa ij fo'okl djuk vko';d gSa

lR; dkSu&bZ'ojokn ;k cq¼okn� lh-,l-Hk.Mkjh

lR; D;k gSa bZ'oj okn ;k ckS¼ okn ;g Lo;a gh vius ekfLr"dds iVy ij vafdr vki Lo;a (ekuo) gh dj ldrs gSaA rFkkxr dkjkLrk dY;k.k dk jkLrk gSa blls euq"; dk fodkl gksxkA lR; dhdlkSBh ij rFkkxr dk fodkl oknh rFkk dY;k.k dkjh fl¼kUr gh[kjk mÙkjrk gSa D;ksafd ;g dsoy dYiuk gh ugha O;ogkfjdfl¼kUr gSaA*^

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ftl dk dksbZ vkdkj u gks] jax :i Lo:iu gks] ftls vkt rd dksbZ ns[k ugha ik;k gksrks ml ij dSls fo'okl fd;k tk ldrk gSfd bZ'oj gSA

vxj bZ'oj vtUek rks Ñ".k D;k gSa%&osnks o fgUnw 'kkL=kksa esa Li"V dgk x;k

gSa fd bZ'oj vtUek] vn`'; rFkkloZ'kfDreku gSA rk fiQj Ñ".k D;k gS\ Ñ".k]ije$bZ'oj vFkkZr ijes'oj vFkkZr bZ'oj lsHkh cM+k bZ'oj] dSls gks ldrk gSaA fo'oklfdl esa fd;k tk;s] bZ'oj esa ;k Ñ".k esavFkkZr cM+k bZ'oj gS ;k Ñ".k (ijes'oj)xhrk esa Ñ".k us dgk gS fd&vtksMfi lUu O;;kRek Hkwrkukeh JjksMfi lu~AizÑfr Lokef/"Bk; lEHkqokE;k R; ek;;kAA (416)

eSa vtUek vkS vfouk'kh Lo:i gksrs gq,Hkh rFkk leLr izkf.k;ksa dk bZ'oj gksrs gq, Hkhviuh izÑfr dks v/hu djds viuh ;ksxek;k ls izdV gksrk gw¡A vkxs dgk fd;nk ;nk gh /eZL; XykfuHkZokr HkkjrAvH;qRFkkue /eZL; rnkR;kua ltkE;geAA(417)

gs! Hkkjr tc&tc /eZ dh gkfu vkSjv/eZ dh o`f¼ gksrh gSa] rc&rc eSa gh vius:i dks jprk gw¡ vFkkZr lkdkj :i ls yksxksads lEHkq[k izdV gksrk gw¡A Ñ".k loZ 'kfDreku] lfPpnkuUnu] ijekRek vtj] vfouk'khvkSj loZHkwrksa ds ije xfr rFkk ije xfr rFkkije vkJ; gSaA os dsoy /eZ dh LFkkiukdjus vkSj lalkj dk m¼kj djus ds fy, ghviuh ;ksx ek;k ls lxq.k :i gksdj izdVgksrs gSaA bl fy, ijes'oj ds leku lqân;]izseh vkSj ifrr ikou] nwljk dksbZ ugha gSaaA ,slkle>dj tks iq:"k ijes'oj dk vuU; izse lsfujUrj fpUru] djrk gqvk vk'kfDr jfgrlalkj esa crZrk gSa] ogha mu dks rRo ls tkurkgS vFkkZr ;g fl¼ djus esa ,d rF; lkeusvk;k gSa fd ;k rks fgUnwvksa dk bZ'ojoknhfl¼kUr xYkr gSa ;k Ñ".k dk vius dks bZ'ojdk Hkh ije bZ'oj dguk xyr gSaA ;g Hkhfl¼ gksrk gS fd Ñ".k fo'o ds m¼kj dsfy, mins'k ugha nsrs] ijUrq os fgUnw lekt oekuo dks viuk mins'k nsdj o.kZ O;oLFkkds ikyd gh ugha ijUrq bls etcwr gh djrsgSaA Ñ".k us xhrk] esa prqoZ.k O;oLFkk ij Hkhvf/d cy fn;k gSa&pkrqoZ.;Z e;k l`"V xq.k deZ foHkkx'k%ArL;q drkZj ef; ;ka fo¼; drkZj eO;;eAA (4@13)

vFkkZr Ñ".k us dgk fd ozkã.k] {kf=k;]

oS';] vkSj 'kwæ] bu pkj o.kksZ dk lewg xq.kvkSj deksZ ds foHkkx iwoZd esjs }kjk jpk x;kgSaA bl izdkj ml l`f"V jpukfn deZ dk drkZgksus ij Hkh eq>s vfouk'kh ijes'oj dksrq okLro esa vdrkZ tkuA Ñ".k us vius dksloZLo:i lEiUu ekuk gSaA vUr esa Ñ".k us;gka rd Hkh dg fn;k fd ^^eSa ty esa jlgwa pUæek vkSj lw;Z esa izdk'k gw¡A lEiw.kZ osnksaesa vksadkj gwaA vkdk'k esa 'kCn] vkSj iq:"kksa esaiq:"kRo gwaA eSa i`Foh esa ifo=k xU/ vkSj vfXuesa rst gaw rFkk lEiw.kZ Hkwrksa esa mudk thou gwaAvkSj rifLo;ksa esa ri gwa (9@7) rw lEiw.kZ Hkwrksadk lukru cht eq> dks gh tku vFkkZr lcdqN eSa gh gawA**

lkspus dk fo"k; gSa fd bZ'oj tks vn`';gh loZ'kfDr eku gSa] lkFk gh Ñ".k vius dksije$bZ'oj vFkkZr bZ'oj esa Hkh ije (egku)gS rks fdl dks lR; ekuk tk;s] vn`'; bZ'ojdks ;k ekuo Lo:i esa tuek Ñ".k] ;gfojks/kHkkl gekjs eu efLr"d dks lkspus dsfy, ckè; djrk gSaA tks euq"; vU/fo'oklls mQij mB dj lkspsaxs mUgsa etcwj gksukiM+sxkA tks vU/fo'oklh gSa mUgsa lR;rk utjugha vk ldrhA ;g Hkh ,d euks oSKkfud,oa fookfnr fo"k; tku iM+rk gSaA fdl dkslR; ekuk tk;s bZ'oj dks ;k ije bZ'oj(Ñ".k) dksA

guqeku] f'ko ,oa nqxkZ bR;kfn dhiwtk /kfeZd ugha %&

;g lHkh dks fofnr gS fd vk;Z yksxHkkjr esa ckgj ls (bZjku bR;kfn) vk;sA ogkavkilh la?k"kZ ds dkj.k lqjkiku ('kjkc)djus okys leqg dks ns'k NksM+dj vkuk iM+kA/hjs&/hjs ;s Hkkjr esa vkdj la?k"kZ djrs jgsAbu dk ;s la?k"kZ vuk;ksZ vFkkZr ;gka ds ewyfuokfl;ksa ds lkFk djrs jgsA vuk;Z vfgalkoknh Fks] vk;Z fgalk oknh Fks tks la?k"kZ djrsjgs rFkk vuk;ksZ dks gjkrs jgsA egku o ;ks¼kjktk ckyh] fgj.kd';i] o`"koUr] 'kECkjegh"kklqj] ok.kklqj] 'kq".k] f=k'kjk] fiz;izcq¼] 'kqEHk; rFkk fo'kqEHk; bR;kfn vuk;Zjktkvksa dks vk;Z iq:"kks ,oa vk;Z efgykvksavFkkZr nsfo;ksa us Ny o diV ls ekj Mkykx;kA lEcwd ½f"k tSls egkuKkrk dk Hkhvuk;Z jktk (jke) us oDlk ughaA bl le;lHkh (dky esa) vk;ksZ dks nsork (lqj) rFkkewy fuokfl;ksa dks vFkkZr vlqj ;k nkuojk{kl dgk x;kA ml le; 36 djksM+ nsork

FksA ;fn 36 djksM+ dqy vkoknh gksxhAnsorkvksa dk jktk bUæ Fkk] tks vIljkvksa lsf?kjk jgrk FkkA tcfd czÞek] f'ko] fo".kqlHkh egk nsork FksA lHkh nsfo;ka Hkh] vk;Z oxZdh gh FkhA Ny o diV ls gh bUgksaus vk;Zjktkvksa dk o/ fd;k FkkA bu nsfo;ksaa dksekrk dh mikf/ D;ksa nh x;hA] bUgsa ekrk D;ksaekuk x;k ;g ,d vU; fo"k; gSA ftl dko.kZu ;gka djuk vko';d ugha gSaA ukS nsfo;kabl fy, vk;kssZ ds }kjk D;ksa iwth tkrh D;ksafd vk;ksZ dh dYiukvksa us Ny o diV lsvuk;Z vFkkZr nkouksa dk o/ fd;k FkkA blfy, fgUnqvksa (vk;ksZ) ds }kjk bu dh iwtkdh tkrh gSaA bu vk;ksZ ds }kjk osnksa dh jpukdh x;h] (fgUnw iqLrd) bu xzUFkksa dks oknesa bZ'oj Ñr eku fy;k x;kA ;g ,dfopkj.kh; fo"k; gS fd vk;Z nsorkvksa dhiwtk djuk u rks vko';d gSa] u gha ;s/kfeZd dk;Z gSaA

bude VSDl fVªO;wuy (eqEcbZ) dkdguk gS fd Hkxoku f'ko guqeku ,oa nqxkZfdlh [kkl /eZ ls rkYywd ugha j[krs gSa] ;s;wfuolZ dh lwij uspwjy ikoj gSaA fVªC;wuy us;g Hkh dgk fd fgUnwRo dHkh dksbZ /eZ ;kdE;wfuVh ugha jgk gSaA bude VSDl deh'ujus ukxiqj f'ko efUnj nso LFkku iap dfeVhlaLFkku dks VSDl ij NwV nsus ls ;g dgrs gq,bUdkj dj fn;k Fkk fd efUnj viuh 5izfr'kr jde /kfeZd xfr fof/;ksa ij [kpZdjrk gSaA bude VSDl fu;eksa ds eqrkfodVSDl ij NwV rHkh fey ldrh gSa] tc laLFkkufdlh /eZ] tkfr] ;k oxZ ls lh/k&lh/kiQk;nk ugha mBk jgk gksA bude VSDldfe'uj ds iQSlys ds f[kykiQ efUnj laLFkkudksBh (fVªO;wuy) esa vihy dh rks] mlusvius iQSlys esas dgka fd f'ko] guqeku] vkSjnqxkZ dh iwtk o efUnj ds j[k j[kkc ijvk;k /kfeZd [kpZ /kfeZd gksrk gSaA ;g Hkhdgk fd fgUnw /eZ esa dbZ leqqnk; gS tksvyx&vyx rjhdksa ls nsorkvksa dks iwtrs gS];gka rd dh fgUnw thou 'kSyh esa bruhvktknh gS fd Hkxokuksa dh iwtk djuk t:jhugha gSaA tgka ,d gh txg jgus okys lHkhleqnk;ksa ds fy, dkuwu ,d gh gksrk gSaA ;sdkuwu eqfLye o bZlkbZ leqnk;ksa ij Hkh ykxwgksrk gSA ;g dsl 2008 ls fopkjk /hu gSaAefUnj laLFkku dh rjiQ ls ;g nyhy nh x;hFkha fd ;gka tkfr /eZ dh dksbZ ofUn'k ugha

cs/M+d U;wt

] ebZ ] 2013

43


gS njokts lHkh ds fy, [kqys gSaA bude VSDlfoHkkx us Hkh viuh lgefr nhA mUgksaus dgkfd /eZ dk eryc gS fd fdlh lqij ikWojpht ij Hkjkslk djds mudh iwtk djukAfVªO;wuy us dgk fd ,slk dksbZ lcwr is'k ughafd;k x;k fd efUnj laLFkku /eZ dk izpkjdj jgk FkkA (cs-U;w- vad 28)

bl izdkj nsoh nsorkvksa dh iwtk rFkkefUnjksa dh /u lEifÙk ds fcjks/h iQSlys vkjgs gSa vk;Z nsorkvksa dh iwtk&vpZuk dhlR;rk lEcfU/r rRF; dks dksbZ lkfcr ughadj ldrk gSaA jktLFkku ds vUrZxr ,dlEiw.kZ ifjokj ds vkB yksxksa us efUnj esaHkxoku ds n'kZu ds fy, iwtk vpZuk dhijUrq mUgsa Hkxoku ds n'kZu djuk pkgrs FksijUrq Hkxoku ds n'kZu us gksus ij lHkh us tgjfeykdj yM~Mw [kk fy,] ftlls ikap dhe`R;q gks x;h rFkk rhu vLirky esa tku ls[ksy jgs gSa (nSfud tkxj.k 6&4&13)Aysfdu Hkxoku f'ko us mUgsa n'kZu ugha fn;sAbl fy, mUgksaus Hkxoku f'ko ds ikl tkusdk fu.kZ; fy;kA vxj Hkxoku esa 'kfDr gksrhrks n'kZu D;ksa ugha gksrs ;k Hkxoku f'ko blizdkj dk ÑR; djus ls jksdrsA D;k ;gekuo dh ,d dYiuk ugha gSaA iwtk djus lsf'ko ij ty p<+kus ls dksbZ ykHk izkIr ughagksxkA ifj.kke D;k gksxk lHkh tkurs gS fiQjHkh ekuo ,slk D;ksa djrk gSaA D;k ;s vU/fo'okl ugha gSaA

rFkkxr cq¼ D;k dgrs gSa\rFkkxr cq¼ us dgk fd lalkj ;k l`f"V

dk fuekZ.k ugha gqvkA l`f"V dk fodkl dkifj.kke gSSSSS S S SA vFkkZr czÞekaM dks pykus dsizÑfr ds dqN fu;e dkuwu Hkh gSaA izÑfr dk

fu;e gSa iSnk djuk] tks iSnk gksxk og u"V HkhgksxkA lHkh dk fodkl gks jgk gSaA ;gka rddh ekuo dk ;g Lo:i izÑfr ds fodkldk gh ifj.kke gSaA czÞekaM dk jfp;rk fdlhHkh /eZ dk nso ugha gSa cfYd Lo;a izÑfr ghgSaA rFkkxr cq¼ vus vuqHko ds vk/kj ij bufu;e dkuwuksa dks lwph c¼ djds ekuo dksmins'kksa ds }kjk le>kus dk iz;kl fd;k gSaA

rFkkxr cq¼ dgrs gSa fd ^^bZ'oj dhiwtk djuk v/eZ gSaA** mUgksaus dgk fd eSabZ'oj oknh fl¼kUr dks vLohdkj djrk gw¡D;ksafd bZ'oj ds vfLrRo dk fl¼kUrlR;kfJr ugha gSaA ;g dsoy bZ'ojkfJr /eZdh dYiukfJr gS vFkok dYiuk ek=k gSaAbZ'oj ij vk/kfjr /eZ ekuo ds dY;k.k dsfy, mi;ksxh ugha gSa] ;g fl¼kUr feF;kfo'okl mRiUu djrk gSaA bl fy, rFkkxr usdgk fd ^^bZ'oj ls izkFkZuk,a vkSj ;kpuk,sadjuk csdkj gSaA** ,d ckj rFkkxr cq¼]oklsV ls ckr phr djrs gq, dgrs gSa fd ;fnvfpjorh unh fdukjs rd yckyc Hkjh gksvkSj ,d vkneh ftls unh ds nwljs rV ijdke gks] og unh ikj djuh pkgs vkSj ogunh fdukjs [kM+k gksdj og nwljs fdukjs dksiqdkj yxk;s gSa m/j ds fdukjs b/j vktkvks] b/j vk tkvksaA gs oklsV vc ;glkspks fd D;k ml vkneh ds izkFkZuk djus ls];kpuk djus ls] vk'kk djus ls] Lrqfr djusls og nwljk fdukjk m/j ls m/j pyktk;sxkA** rFkkxr dk dFku lR;rk ijvk/kfjr gSa D;ksafd ;s lc dYiuk ek=k gSaAbZ'oj okn dk fl¼kUr dksjh dYiuk gSaAO;fDr vlgk; gks bZ'oj rFkk HkkX; dklgkjk ysrk gSaA

ckS¼ /eZ (/Ee) esa D;k gSa%&ckS¼ /Ee (/EkZ) lerkoknh]

yksdrkfU=kd] rFkk foKku ij vk/kfjrdY;k.kdkjh /eZ gSaA bl /eZ esa dgha HkhvU/ fo'okl ugha gSa bl /eZ esa peRdkj dkukeks fu'kku ugha gSaA bl fy, lalkj ds 40ns'kksa ls Hkh vkf/d ns'kksa esa iQSyk gSaA rFkkxrds le; esa jktk] ,d vehj rFkk xjhc]czã.k rFkk 'kwæ] iq:"k rFkk ukjh] fHk[kkjhrFkk egknkuh rFkkxr ds /eZ esa lHkh yksx'kkfey FksA lHkh ,d leku rFkkxr dsmins'k lqurs rFkk lkFk&lkFk laxBu esa jgrsFksA rFkkxr ds okn bl /eZ dk iru rks gqvkysfdu lekIr ugha gqvk ijUrq vc ;g /eZ

yksd fiz;rk dks izkIr djrk tk jgk gSaA ckS¼fl¼kUrksa ds dkj.k mRlkg tud ifj.kkefudy jgk gSaaA 1- lalkj esa oSKkfudksa us ryk'kk nqfu;k

dk lcls [kq'kgky ekuoyanu ds ,d ckS¼ fHkD[kq ,slk gSa ftls

lpeqp dksbZ xe ugha gS vkSj og bl nqfu;kadk lcls cM+k o [kq'kgky balku gSaA 66o"khZ; eSF;w fjdMZ dks nqfu;k dk lcls[kq'kgky crk;k gSa fjdMZ ds efLr"d dhLdSfuax dk vè;;u djus ds ckn mUgksaus ;gfu.kZ; fy;k FkkA yxHkx 10 o"kZ igys fjdMZus HkkSfrd oknh nqfu;k ls eqag eksM dj cksf/izkfIr ds fy, Hkkjr esa vk;s FksA mudk vf/dka'k le; è;ku (esfMVs'ku) esa xqtjrk gSaA

2- 4000 lSfud ckS¼ lk/uk(esfMVs'ku) è;ku ds fy, Hkkjr vk;saxs

12 fnlEcj ds jk"Vªh; lgkjk esalekpkj Fkk ckS¼ lk/uk i¼fr ds egRo dkstrkus okyk izdV gks x;kA bl lUnHkZ fozVsuds 4000 lSfud ckS¼ lk/uk (esfMVs'ku)è;ku ds fy, Hkkjr vk;saxsA fozVsu esa viQxkuo bZjkd ;q¼ esa yM+us ds dkj.k euksoSKkfudohekfj;ksa ls ihfM+r gks x;s gSaA euksoSKkfudchekjh iksLV VªkeSfVd LVsªl fMLvkMZj lsihfM+r ,sls 4000 lsfudksa dks è;ku oekufld nckoksa ls mckjus ds fy, fogkjfLFkr ckS/ x;k Hkstk tk;saxkA

3- ckS¼/eZ eaxy djhc dY;k.kdkjhln~/Ee gS

lkjukFk esa fLFkr ewyxa/dqVks fogkj dsmn?kkVu ds le; if.M+r dSyk'k ukFk dkVtwus dgk FkkA 66 tc ls ckS¼/eZ dk bl ns'kls yk;s gqvk mlh le; ls egku ns'k]fonsf'k;ksa ds 'kks"k.k vkSj xqykeh dk f'kdkjcukA ;g ns'k 700 o"kksZ eqLyekuksa dk xqykejgk] 200 o"kZ vaxzstksa dk xqyke jgk vFkkZr900 o"kksZ rd xqyke jgk FkkA ftl fnu lsckS¼ /eZ dk iqu jks}kj dh ckr izkEHk gqbZmlh fnu ls Hkkjr dh LorU=krk dk vkUnksyuHkh izkjEHk gqvkA D;ksafd ckS¼ /eZ eaxydjhc dY;k.kdkjh ln~/Ee gSaA bl dkmís'; LojkT; izkIr djuk FkkA blds vykokftl fnu ls ckS¼ /eZ dks bl Hkkjr ls [knsMkx;kA vktkn gksus ij eaxydkjh o dY;k.kdkjh 'kklu LFkkfir gksus ds LFkku ijvR;kpkjh /eZ us LFkku ys fy;kA ;ghaczkã.kokn gh bl ns'k dks egku nsu gSaA**

44

cs/M+d

U;wt

] eb

Z ] 2

013


ckS¼ /eZ vkSj LorU=krk dk pksyhnkeu dklkFk gSA

4- lalkj dk loZJs"B /eZ dk iqjLdkjckS¼ /eZ dks bl lUnHkZ esa fLoV tjySM lsizdkf'kr 15&7&2009 ds fVªO;wu fM flYokuked lekpkj i=k ds vad ds vè;;u lsKkr gksrk gSa fd ckS¼ /eZ gh lalkj dkloZJs"B /eZ gSaA ^tsusok fLFkr dksfy'ku dkWVnh ,Mokal esaV vkofjyhl ,saMfLizpq vfyVh(vkbZ-lh-,-vk;w- ,l) us fo'o dk loZJs"B/eZ dk iqjLdkj bl o"kZ ckS¼ leqnk; dksfn;k gSaA fo'o ds 200 ls vf/d /eZ xq:vksaus bl vUrjk"Vªh; xksyest lEesyu esavkè;kfRed {ks=k ds /kfeZdksa us fy;k ;gfu.kZ;A vkbZ lh-,-vk;w-,l- ds 'kks/ funs'kdtksuk gyV egksn; ds vuqlkj esjs fy, ;gdksbZ vk'p;Z dh ckr ugha Fkh fd ckS¼ /eZdks fo'o dk loZJs"B /eZ dk iqjLdkjfeykA ,d dSFkksfyd iknjhiQknj VsM vks'kkuslh us csyiQkLV] eqfLye eSykuk rky fcuolkn (ikfdLrku) i:'kyse ds jCch'keq,yoklV Lrkbu bR;kfn us Hkh ckS¼ /eZ dksiqjLdkj feyus ij ljkguk dhA blesa vU/fo'okl ugha gSa rFkk lekurk iw.kZ dk /eZ gSaA

5- cqMl ij Hkxoku cq¼ dh ÑikcqMl ds thou esa ,d rqiQku vk;k tks

xzgLFkh ls lEcU/h FkkA ftlls bl dk xksYiQ[ksy izHkkfor gks x;k FkkA og vesfjdk dk,d e'kgwj xksYiQ f[kykM+h ;k fotsrk Hkh FkkAog vius dykbZ esa Hkxoku cq¼ ls tqM+k ,dczslysV cka/rs FksA vesfjdk ds izkln xksYiQ[ksy i=kdkj tsbZcqloh us lkekftd esy tksyosclkbV VohVj ds ekè;e ls tkudkjh nh gSafd ,d lekpkj pSuy dh i=kdkj dsyhfVYxeSu us jfookj dks lk{kkRdkj ds nkSjkucqMl ls bl czslysV ds okjs sea foLrkj iwNkFkkA fVYxeSu us cqMl ls iwNk fd vkiusfdldk czslysV igu j[kk gSaA cqMl us mÙkjfn;k fd ;g ckS¼ /eZ dk ifo=k cszlysV gSaAtks lqj{kk o 'kfDr ds fy, /kj.k fd;k gqvkgSaA cqMl us dgk fd eq>s bl le; 'kfDr olqj{kk dh cgqr gh vko';drk FkhA cqMl lsiwNk fd vki us ;g dc ls iguk gSaA rksmUgksaus dgk fd ;g czslysV dc /kj.k fd;krks mUgksaus dgk fd gky gh esa lsDl lEcU/h euksfodkjksa ds bykt ds fy, tkus ls igyseSaus ;g igyh ckj iguk FkkA cqMl us crk;kfd vxys txr esa okilh ds fy, ([ksy esa)

bl Hkh eSa bl igus j[kwaxk ([ksyrs le;)ftlls eq>s 'kfDr iznku gksxhA bl czslysV dsiguus ls muds vUnj vPNs fopkjksa dk lapkjgksrk gS eu pkgrk gS fd bls lkjh ftUnxhigus j[kwaA fookg ds ckn lEcU/ksa ds cknmldh ftUnxh >wB ds bnZ fxnZ cl xbZ FkhmUgksaus viuh ek¡ rFkk iRuh dks Hkh ijs'kkufd;k FkkA ysfdu ckS¼ /eZ ds czslysV iguusls esjh ftUnxh esa cgqr cM+k cnyko vk;k FkkrFkk esjh ftUnxh esa fiQj ls lPpkbZ ykSV vk;hgSaA lp dk lkeuk gksus ds ckn [kqn dksfotsrk ds :i esa ns[kkA eqfLdy ls fudyusds fy, eSaus è;ku (esfMVs'ku) vkSj ckS¼ /eZ dk lgkjk fy;kA voS/ lEcU/ksa ds dkj.kesjh ftUnxh ujd cu x;h FkhA tks eq>ls esjhiRuh o ek¡ cgqr I;kj djrh Fkh eSa muls >wBoksyrk FkkA bl izdkj esjh ftUnxh esa lPpkbZiqu% ykSV vk;h gSaA vc eSa ,slk dksbZ dke ughadjuk pkgrk ftlls esjs ifjtu eq> ij fiQjls lUnsg djsaA cM+h gh eqfLdy dh ?kM+h esaeSaus è;ku vkSj cq¼ ds fopkjksa dks viuk;krFkk eq>s izHkkfor Hkh fd;kA mYys[kuh; gSfd 26 uoEcj 2009 dks ÝyksfjM+k esa gqbZHkkjh nq?kZVuk ds ckn yxHkx 19 efgykvksa uscqMl ds lkFk voS/ lEcU/ksa dk nkok fd;kFkkA ftlls mudh ftUnxh esa Hkwpky vk;kFkkA mudh iRuh ,fyu us ,fyu ukMsZxzsu HkhmUgsa NksM+ fn;k Fkk tc fd dbZ izeq[kizk;kstdksa us muds lkFk djkj [kRe dj fn;sFksA mlus (eSaus cqMl) xksYiQ ls Hkh lU;klys fy;k FkkA lkoZtfud ekaiQh ekaxus ds cknxksYiQ esa okilh gks ldhA mudh iRuh ,fyuuksMsZxzsu Hkh okfil ykSV vk;h Fkh rFkk dbZizeq[k izk;kstdksa us ,d ckj fiQj mu ijHkjkSlk trk;k gSa fo'o ds loksZPp ojh;rkizkIr xksYiQ f[kykM+h cqMl vxys enhus dkslZij okilh dk jgs gSaA bl izdkj HkxokurFkkxr cq¼ ds fl¼kUrksa ij py dj cqMliqu% viuh ftUnxh esa okfil ykSV vk;k FkkA(24 ekpZ 2010 MaMks&,f'k;u U;wt lfoZllkHkkj) (os-U;wt)

fgUnw lEiznk; ds vuqlkj lcls egkubZ'oj dks loZ'kfDr eku ekus ;k Ñ".k dksloZ'kfDreku] ekus ;g ,d fookfnr fo"k;tku iM+rk gSaA D;ksafd Ñ".k us rks vius dksijes'oj gh dgka gSaA ije$bZ'oj Ñ".k ghlcdh j{kk djrk lcdks gh Ñ".k us cuk;kgSaA rks fiQj czÞek dks D;k dgsaA D;ksafd fgUnw

osnksa ds vuqlkj czÞek us lHkh dh jpuk dhgSaA vxj fgUnw nsfo;ksa dh ekus rks mudkdguk gS fd gekjh 'kfDr o iwtk djus lseuq"; dks 'kfDr feyrh gSa] /u feyrk gSa]lUrku dh izkfIr gksrh gSaA lHkh dks lq[kfeyrk gSaA lHkh fo"k;ksa vFkkZr bZ'oj] Ñ".krFkk nsfo;ksa dh 'kfDr;ksa ds lUnHkZ esa lkspusij dksbZ fu"d"kZ ij ugha igqapk tk ldrk gSaAD;ksafd ;s ,d xEHkhj fo"k; gSaA D;ksafd bZ'ojvtUek gS Ñ".k ije bZ'oj tUek gSa nsfo;ksads lEcU/ esa dqN dgk ugha tk ldrkAbudh HkfDr o iwtk djus ls eqfDr feyldrh gSa ftldh dsoy dYiuk gh djldrs gSaA

rFkkxr cq¼ us rks bruk dgk gSa fdbZ'oj dh iwtk djuk v/eZ gSaA rFkkxr cq¼us dgk fd tks esjs crk;s jkLrs ij pysxk mldk fodkl gksxkA esjk crk;k gqvk jkLrkfodkl dk jkLrk gSaA bZ'oj dh iwtk vpZukdjus ls izk; lekIr gksrs gSA Ñ".k us dgk fdesjk uke ysus ls gh ekuo ds iki /qy tkrsgSA rFkkxr us iki o iq.; dk ifj.kke vPNkdeZ djus ls gksrk gSaA vPNk deZ djus lsiki deZ gksxs gh ugha ldeZ o l/eZ ls ekuodk Hkyk gh gksxk tks iq.; dk dk;Z Hkh gksxkA

lR; D;k gSa bZ'oj okn ;k ckS¼ okn ;gLo;a gh vius ekfLr"d ds iVy ij vafdrvki Lo;a (ekuo) gh dj ldrs gSaA rFkkxrdk jkLrk dY;k.k dk jkLrk gSa blls euq";dk fodkl gksxkA tks tSlk deZ djsxk mldkiQy Lo;a gh Hkksxsxk] ysfdu Ñ".k dgrs gSafd deZ rqe djks iQy eSa nwaxkA blls ekuofuf"Ø; gh gksxk D;kasfd mls ekywe ugha gekjsdeZ dk ijes'oj D;k iQy nsA lR; dhdlkSBh ij rFkkxr dk fodkloknh rFkkdY;k.kdkjh fl¼kUr gh [kjk mÙkjrk gSaD;ksafd ;g dsoy dYiuk gh ugha O;ogkfjdfl¼kUr gSaA

^^bZ'oj dksjh dYiuk gSajax :i budk u dksbZAÑ".k ,d dyk,a vusdle> ik;k bls u dksbZAAekuo fodkl o dY;k.k dh]Hkkouk Lo:i gSa iap'khy budkArFkkxr ds oSKkfud fl¼kUr dkiQy ik;k tks tkuk lkj bldkAAys[kd Hkkjrh; ckS¼ egk lHkk fn-

iz- (iath) ds iwoZ egk lfpo jg pqds gSaA

cs/M+d U;wt

] ebZ ] 2013

45


Hkxoku~ cq¼k us dgk gS ¶eksg esa gefdlh dh cqjkbZ ugha ns• irs vkSj ?k`.kk esafdlh dh vPNkbZ ¶

vkt ckS/ /eZ dk lcls cM+k uqDlku;s ckr dj jgh gS dh ;s nfyrksa dk /eZ gSftlds otg ls bls yksx le>us ds fy, HkhrS;kj ugha tcfd ;s oks er gS dh bls tks Hkh,d ckj Bhd ls le> ys mls fiQj nqfu;kesa fdlh Hkh /eZ ds fl¼kar •ksdys yxrs gSaAdgk tkrk gS th ckS/ vkSj czkã.k ,d nqljsds ijLij fojks/h jgs gSa ij vly esa ;s ckrdsoy jktusfrd dkj.kksa ls gh lgh gSA/kfeZd dkj.kksa ls rks D;k czkã.k D;keqlyeku D;k blkbZ D;k vU; dksbZ ckS/ erds vkxs dksbZ T;knk nsj rd bls viukus ls•qn dks ugha jksd ldrkA ,slk blfy, ughadh ;s lcls vPNk /eZ gS cfYd blfy, dhdsoy ;gk¡ lR; vkSj rdZ T;knk gS ckfdtxg dYiuk]xqVckth vkSj iqjksfgrokn T;knkgS A blh dM+h esa çLrqr gS ckS/ /Ee egkKkrkjkgqy lkaÑR;k;u dk NksVk lk ifjp; %

ckS/ /Ee egkKkrk jkgqy lkaÑR;k;u(tUe& 9 vçSy] 1893_ e`R;q& 14 vçSy] 1963)

dks fgUnh ;k=kk lkfgR; dk tud ekuk tkrkgSA os ,d çfrf"Br cgqHkk"kkfon Fks vkSj20oha lnh ds iwokZ¼Z esa mUgksaus ;k=kk o`rkarrFkk fo'o&n'kZu ds {ks=k esa lkfgfR;d;ksxnku fd,A ckS¼ /eZ ij mudk 'kks/fgUnh lkfgR; esa ;qxkUrjdkjh ekuk tkrk gS]ftlds fy, mUgksaus frCcr ls ysdj Jhyadkrd Hkze.k fd;k FkkA

jkgqy lkaÑR;k;u th dk tUe 9 vçSy]1893 dks iUngk xzke] ftyk vktex<+(mÙkj çns'k) esa gqvkA jkgqy lkaÑR;k;u dsfirk dk uke xkso/Zu ik.Ms vkSj ekrk dkuke dqyoUrh FkkA buds pkj HkkbZ vkSj ,dcfgu Fkh] Hkkb;ksa esa T;s"B jkgqy th FksAfir`dqy ls feyk gqvk mudk uke ^dsnkjukFkik.Ms* FkkA cpiu ls gh os vU/fo'okl vkSjdeZdkaM dks ilan ugha djrs Fks]/eZ dhftKklk iwrhZ mUgsa lu~ 1930 bZ- esa yadk esackS¼ er dks le>us ls feyh ftlds cknmUgksaus ckS/ er dks fganh esa miyC/ djus esaviuk lkjk thou yxk fn;k A mUgksaus Hkxoku~

� cs/M+d U;wt+ MsLd

ckS/n /kEe er us iafMr nkeksnj Lokeh dks cuk;k jkgqy lkaÑR;k;u

cq¼k vkSj muds /Ee ekxZ ls firk ds lkekuçse fd;k vkSj •qn dks csVk ekudj Hkxoku~cq¼k ds csVs jkgqy ds uke ij viuk uke Hkhjkgqy j• fy;k AckS¼ gksus ds iwoZ jkgqy th^nkeksnj Lokeh* ds uke ls Hkh iqdkjs tkrs FksA^jkgqy* uke ds vkxs ^lkaLÑR;k;u* blfy,yxk fd fir`dqy lkaÑR; xks=kh; gSA

dêðj lukruh czkã.k dqy esa tUeysdj Hkh lukru ;k czkã.k ;k fgUnw /eZ dh:f<+;ksa dks jkgqy th us vius Åij ls mrkjiQsadk vkSj tks Hkh rdZoknh /eZ ;k rdZoknhlekt'kkL=k muds lkeus vkrs x;s] mls xzg.kdjrs x;s vkSj 'kuS% 'kuS% mu /eks± ,oa 'kkL=kksads Hkh ewy rRoksa dks viukrs gq, muds cká<k¡ps dks NksM+rs x;sA

lukru /eZ ls] vk;Z lekt ls vkSjckS¼ /eZ ls lkE;okn&jkgqy th dslkekftd fpUru dk Øe gS] jkgqy th fdlh/eZ ;k fopkj/kjk ds nk;js esa c¡/ ugha ldsA^efT>e fudk;* ds lw=k dk gokyk nsrs gq,jkgqy th us viuh ^thou ;k=kk* esa bl ckS//eZ ij vius fganh lkfgR; dk Li"Vhdj.kbl çdkj fd;k gS&

¶cM+s dh Hkk¡fr eSaus rqEgsa mins'k fn;k gS]og ikj mrjus ds fy, gS] flj ij <ks;s&<ks;sfiQjus ds fy, ugha&rks ekywe gqvk fd ftlpht dks eSa brus fnuksa ls <w¡<rk jgk gw¡] ogfey x;h¸A

ckS/ /eZ ij muds dqN fganh ys•ufuEu çdkj ls gSa& cq¼p;kZ* (1930 bZ-)] /

Eein* (1933 bZ-)] fou; fiVd* (1934 bZ-)] egkekuo cq¼* (1956 bZ-)] efT>efudk; – fganh vuqokn (1933)] fn?kfudk;&fganh vuqokn (1935 bZ-)] la;qÙkfudk;&fganh vuqokn] ½XoSfnd vk;Z ] n'kZufnXn'kZu] rqEgkjh {k; – Hkkjrh; tkrhO;oLFkk] py pyu ij O;ax

?kqeDdM+h LoHkko okys jkgqylkaÑR;k;u lkoZnsf'kd n`f"V dh ,slh çfrHkkFks] ftudh lkfgR;] bfrgkl] n'kZu laLÑfrlHkh ij leku idM+ FkhA foy{k.k O;fÙkQRods vn~Hkqr euh"kh] fpUrd] nk'kZfud]lkfgR;dkj] ys•d] deZ;ksxh vkSj lkekftdØkfUr ds vxznwr :i esa jkgqy us ftUnxh dslHkh i{kksa dks ft;kA ;gh dkj.k gS fd mudhjpuk/feZrk 'kq¼ dykoknh lkfgR; ugha gS]oju~ og lekt] lH;rk] laLÑfr] bfrgkl]foKku] /eZ] n'kZu bR;kfn ls vuqçkf.kr gS tks:<+ /kj.kkvksa ij dqBkjk?kkr djrh gS rFkkthou&lkis{k cudj lekt dh çxfr'khy'kfÙkQ;ksa dks laxfBr dj la?k"kZ ,oaxfr'khyrk dh jkg fn•krh gSA ,sls euh"kh dksvius thou ds vafre fnuksa esa ^Le`fr yksi*tSlh voLFkk ls xqtjuk iM+k ,oa bykt gsrqmUgsa ekLdks Hkh ys tk;k x;kA ij ?kqeDdM+hdks dkSu ck¡/ ik;k gS] lks vçSy ûùöý esa osiqu% ekLdks ls fnYyh vk x, vkSj ûþ vçSy]ûùöý dks lÙkj o"kZ dh vk;q esa nkftZfyax esalU;kl ls lkE;okn rd dk mudk liQj iwjkgks x;k ij mudk thou n'kZu vkSj ?kqeDdM+h

dêðj lukruh czkã.k dqy esa tUeysdj Hkh lukru ;k czkã.k ;k fgUnw /eZdh :f<+;ksa dks jkgqy th us vius Åij lsmrkj iQsadk vkSj tks Hkh rdZoknh /eZ ;krdZoknh lekt'kkL=k muds lkeus vkrsx;s] mls xzg.k djrs x;s vkSj 'kuS% 'kuS%mu /eks± ,oa 'kkL=kksa ds Hkh ewy rRoksa dksviukrs gq, muds cká <k¡ps dks NksM+rsx;sA lukru /eZ ls] vk;Z lekt ls vkSjckS¼ /eZ ls lkE;okn&jkgqy th dslkekftd fpUru dk Øe gS] jkgqy thfdlh /eZ ;k fopkj/kjk ds nk;js esa c¡/ugha ldsA*

^

46

cs/M+d

U;wt

] eb

Z ] 2

013


LoHkko vkt Hkh gekjs chp thfor gSAjkgqyth ?kqeDdM+h ds ckjs es dgrs gSa%

¶esjh le> esa nqfu;k dh loZJs"B oLrqgS ?kqeDdM+hA ?kqeDdM+ ls c<+dj O;fÙkQ vkSjlekt dk dksbZ fgrdkjh ugha gks ldrkAnqfu;k nq• esa gks pkgs lq• esa] lHkh le; ;fnlgkjk ikrh gS rks ?kqeDdM+ksa dh gh vksj lsAçkÑfrd vkfne euq"; ije ?kqeDdM+ FkkAvk/qfud dky esa ?kqeDdM+ksa ds dke dhckr dgus dh vko';drk gS] D;ksafd yksxksaus ?kqeDdM+ksa dh Ñfr;ksa dks pqjk ds mUgsa xykiQkM+–iQkM+dj vius uke ls çdkf'kr fd;kAftlls nqfu;k tkuus yxh fd oLrqr% rsyh dsdksYgw ds cSy gh nqfu;k esa lc dqN djrs gSaAvk/qfud foKku esa pkYlZ Mkjfou dk LFkkucgqr Å¡pk gSA mlus çkf.k;ksa dh mRifÙk vkSjekuo–oa'k ds fodkl ij gh vf}rh; •kstugha dh] cfYd dguk pkfg, fd lHkhfoKkuksa dks Mkjfou ds çdk'k esa fn'kkcnyuh iM+hA ysfdu] D;k Mkjfou viusegku vkfo"dkjksa dks dj ldrk Fkk] ;fnmlus ?kqeDdM+h dk ozr u fy;k gksrkA vknehdh ?kqeDdM+h us cgqr ckj •wu dh ufn;k¡cgk;h gS] blesa lansg ugha] vkSj ?kqeDdM+ksa lsge gjfxt ugha pkgsaxs fd os •wu ds jkLrs dksidM+saA fdUrq ?kqeDdM+ksa ds dkiQys u vkrstkrs] rks lqLr ekuo tkfr;k¡ lks tkrh vkSji'kq ls Åij ugha mB ikrhA vesfjdk vf/drj futZu lk iM+k FkkA ,f'k;k ds dwieaMwddks ?kqeDdM+ /eZ dh efgek Hkwy x;h]blfy, mUgksaus vesfjdk ij viuh >aMh ughaxkM+hA nks 'krkfCn;ksa igys rd vkLVªsfy;k•kyh iM+k FkkA phu] Hkkjr dks lH;rk dkcM+k xoZ gS] ysfdu budks bruh vDy ughavk;h fd tkdj ogk¡ viuk >aMk xkM+ vkrsA¸

iqjLdkjegkif.Mr jkgqy lkaÑR;k;u dks lu~

1958 esa ^lkfgR; vdkneh iqjLdkj* vkSjlu~ 1963 Hkkjr ljdkj }kjk ^iÁ Hkw"k.k* lslEekfur fd;k x;kA

e`R;qjkgqy lkaÑR;k;u dks vius thou ds

vafre fnuksa esa ^Le`fr yksi* tSlh voLFkk lsxqtjuk iM+k ,oa bykt gsrq mUgsa ekLdks ystk;k x;kA ekpZ] 1963 esa os iqu% ekLdks lsfnYyh vk x, vkSj vçSy] 1963 dks lÙkjo"kZ dh vk;q esa laU;kl ls lkE;okn rd dkmudk liQj iwjk gks x;kA

og lc dqN eSaus dg fn;k gSA cq¼ /Eelcls vPNk /Ee gSA mlesa dksbZ nks"k ugha gSAfganw /eZ esa dqN ,sls rRo gSa] ftuls fdlh dksmRlkg ugha fey ldrkA blus gtkjksa o"kksZ lsvkt rd gekjs lekt esa fdlh dks Hkh fo}kuugha cuus fn;kA vki yksxksa ds lkeus eq>svius cpiu dh ckrsa crkrs gq, fdlh izdkjdh f>>d ugha gksrh gSA esjs Ldwy esa ,dcke.k (ejkBk) vkSjr FkhA og Lo;a vui<+Fkh ijarq eq>s dHkh Nwrh u FkhA esjh eka eq>dksdgrh Fkh fd eSa cM+s yksxksa dks ekek dgdjiqdk:aA iksLVeSu dks eSa ^ekek* dgdj iqdkjkFkkA Ldwy esa ,d fnu eq>s I;kl yxhA bldsfy, eSaus vius ekLVj ls dgk] ekLVj uspijklh dks cqykdj dgk fd bls uy ijtkdj ikuh fiyk ykvksA pijklh us uy[kksyk rks eSaus ikuh fi;kA vxj dHkh pijklhu gqvk rks dbZ&dbZ fnu ikuh ihus dks ughafeyrk FkkA I;klk gh ?kj vkrk Fkk vkSj ?kjij gh I;kl dks cq>krk FkkA tc eSa i<+ djokil vk;k] rc eq>s fMfLVªDV tt cuus dsfy, dgk x;kA ysfdu bl jLlh (iQns) dkseSaus vius xys esa ugha ca/ok;k D;ksafd esjsukSdj gks tkus ij esjs yksxksa dh lsok dkSudjsxk\ blh fopkj dks è;ku esa j[kdj eSaukSdjh ds pDdj esa ugha iM+kAO;fDrxr :i ls bl ns'k dh fdlh Hkh

^:f<+* ;k ckr dk fojks/ djuk esjs fy,dfBu ugha gSaA vki yksxksa ds flj ij oS';ksa]{kf=k;ksa vkSj czkã.kksa us igkM+ [kM+k fd;k gqvkgSA mldks fdl izdkj myVk tk, ;k rksM+ktk, ;g ,d cgqr gh egRoiw.kZ loky gSAblfy, eSa pkgrk gw¡ fd bl /Ee dk iw.kZ KkudjkmQaA ;g esjk drZO; Hkh gSA bl dk;Z dsfy, eSa iqLrdsa fy[kdj vkSj vki yksxksa dh'kadk,a nwj djds iw.kZ Kku izkIr djkmQaxkAvki eq> ij fo'okl j[kk dj pfy,Aviuk vkSj lalkj dk Hkh m}kj djks!vki ij vc dkiQh ftEesnkjh vk iM+h gSA

;g cM+h Hkkjh pht gSA vki yksxksa dks ,slsdke djus pkfg, ftlls lHkh vkidk vknjdjsA vki bl /Ee dks ,slk u le>sa fdvkius xys esa feV~Vh dk ?kM+k cka/ fy;k gSAckS¼ /Ee dh n`f"V ls Hkkjr dh Hkwfe vclqulku taxy dh Hkkafr gSA blfy, vkidk

ije drZO; gSA fd vki bl ifo=k /Ee dksmre jhfr ls ikyus dh izfrKk djsa] vU;Fkkbl /eZ&ifjorZu dh fuank gksxhA vkt vkilHkh izfrKk djsa fd vki lHkh ckS¼ u dsoyviuk] cfYd vius lkFk vius ns'k dk vkSjblds lkFk lkjs lalkj dk m}kj djsaxsA lalkjdk m}kj ckS¼ /Ee ls gh gksxkA lalkj esa tcrd U;k; dks LFkku ugha feysxk] rc rd'kkafr LFkkfir ugha gks ldrhA vkenuh dkchloka Hkkx nhft, ;g u;k dke cgqrlokZf/d ftEesnkjh dk gSA bls iwjk djus dsfy, vkius n`<+ ladYi fd;k gSA gekjsukStokuksa dks cgqr dqN djuk gSA bl ckr dksiw.kZ :i ls vkidks è;ku esa j[kuk pkfg,Avki yksx dsoy isV ds gh iqtkjh u cusA vkide ls de viuh vkenuh dk chloka Hkkxbl ifo=k /Ee izpkj ds fy, nku nsus dkfu.kZ; djsaA eq>s vki lcdks vius lkFk ystkuk gSArFkkxr us igys&igys dqN gh yksxksa dks

nh{kkk nh vkSj mlh le; mudks vkns'k fn;kfd os bl ifo=k /Ee dk izpkj djsaA mldsckn ;'k uked ,d fo}ku vkSj 60 O;fDr;ksaus ckS¼ /Ee dh nh{kk yhA ;'k Hkh vehj?kjkus ds FksA buls Hkxoku us dgk fd ;g /Ee ^^cgqtu fgrk;] cgqtu lq[kk;yksdkuqdaik; vkfn dY;k.ka] eT> dY;k.ka]ifj;olku dY;k.ka vFkkZr cgqr tuksa ds fgrds fy, gSa] cgqr tuksa ds lq[k ds fy, gS vkSjlc yksxksa ij vuqdaik djus ds fy, gSA ;gvkfn] eè; vkSj var esa dY;k.kdkjd gS**Hkxoku us ifjfLFkfr ds vuqlkj vius /Eeizpkj ds <ax dks viuk;k FkkA vc gesa Hkhvius le;kuqlkj bl /Ee ds izpkj dk <axviukuk gksxkA bl ns'k esa ckS¼ fHkD[kq i;kZIrugha gSA blfy, vki esa ls gj ,d dks bl/Ee dh nh{kk Lo;a ysuh gksxhA bl ckr dheSa iw.kZ ?kks"k.kk djrk gw¡ fd gj ckS¼ /Eekuq;k;h izR;sd O;fDr dks nwljksa dks Hkhf=k'kj.k] iap'khy ,oa 22 izfrKkvksalfgr ckS¼ /Ee ds nhf{kr djus dk iw.kZvf/dkj gSAHkorq lCceaxyaAlkHkkj&lks'ky ,Dlu xzqi iQkj vacsMdj

jhiQkeZ

ckck lkgsc MkW- vacsMdj dk /Eeksins'k-------i`"B 17 dk 'ks"k-----

cs/M+d U;wt

] ebZ ] 2013

47


m-iwohZ fnYyhA cs/M+d izdk'ku dsrRoko/ku esa n xzsVsLV bafM;u] jk"Vª fuekZrk]Hkkjr jRu cksf/lRo ckck lkgsc MkW-HkhejkovEcsMdj dh 122 oha t;arh o"kZ ds ikouvolj ij xzhu chul ifCyd Ldwy] eSutkSgjh iqj jksM+]fnYyh&94 ds izkax.k esa cs/M+d izdk'ku dk ,sfrgkfld egkdkO;¶egkekuo xkSre cq¼¸ dk yksdkiZ.k] cs/M+d lEeku lekjksg&2013] fopkj xks"Bh ,oafo'kky dfo lEesyu dk vk;kstu cM+h /we&/ke ls fd;k x;kA

dk;ZØe esa mifLFkr fHkD[kq la?k J¼s;fHkD[kq v'o?kks"k] fHkD[kq fo'oca/q] fHkD[kqfou;'khy ds }kjk nhi izTtoyu djds

mifLFkr mikldksa ds }kjk f=k'kj.k ,oaiap'khy mPpkj.k ds lkFk dk;ZØe dh'kq:vkr gqbZA rRi'pkr cs/M+d U;wt dslaj{kd jgs ekU;oj vkj-lh-Hkkjrh]laLFkkid] fl¼kFkZ bUVj us'kuy ifCydLdwYl fnYyh@,ulhvkj ds vkdfLed fu/u ij nks feuV dk ekSu j[kdj J¼katfy nhx;hA bl volj ij muds ifjokj ls v'kksdiqjh mifLFkr FksA

bl yksdkiZ.k lekjksg ds eq[; vfrfFkJ¼s; fHkD[kq fo'ocU/q] ps;jeSu cq¼k,tqds'ku iQkmUMs'ku] ubZ fnYyh] ekU;ojgfj'pUæ (lekt lsoh)] y{eh ukjk;.k lq/kdj] MkW-dqlqe fo;ksxh] rst iky flag rst],-vkj-tks'kh] MkW-,l-ih-flag] vkj0 ds dSu]laLFkkid xzhu ohul ifCyd Ldwy] ,oa

lSdM+ksa mikld&mifldkvksa dh ekStwnxh esacs/M+d izdk'ku dh izFke izdkf'kr /EeiqLrd dfooj vkj-,l-fnudj }kjk jfpregkdkO; ^êgkekuo xkSre cq¼** dk fof/or yksdki.kZ fd;k x;kA iqLrd dh ppkZdjrs gq, lkfgR;kyadkj MkW-dqlqe fo;ksxh usdgk fd cksf/lRo ckck lkgsc MkW-ch-vkj-vEcsMdj }kjk jfpr ^fn cq¼k ,.M fgt /Eek* bl lnh dh egku Økafrdkjh iqLrd gSA

MkW-dqlqe fo;ksxh us ^êgkekuo xkSrecq¼** ds jpf;rk dfooj vkj-,l-fnudjth dks bl egku ÑfRkRo ds fy, lk/qoknnsrs gq, dgk ekuuh; vk-,l- fnudj (iz/kukpk;Z) th }kjk jfpr egkdkO; ^êgkekuo xkSre cq¼--- muds dkS'ky dk vn~Hkqrmnkgj.k gSA jpukdkj }kjk fdlh egkekuods izfr vfHkizsfjr gksuk mlds nk'kZfudfopkjksa ls gh ugha vfirq muds /Ee izopuksals jpukdkj dk tu ekul dgha xgjs rdizHkkfor gksrk gSA tc O;fDr vkSj fopkj dklkeatl LFkkfir gksrk gSA tc dfo eu ,djl gks tkrk gSA rks ,slh dkyat;h Ñfr;ksa dkstUe feyrk gSA dfo fnudj th }kjk jfpr;g egkdkO; Hkxoku rFkkxr cq¼ ds thou,oa n'kZu ij vk/kfjr egkdkO; Ñfr gSAmUgksaus bl iqLrd dh lktlTtk o csgrjhuizdk'kdh; dk;Z ds fy, cs/Md izdk'kuds laLFkkid tloar flag cs/M+d dks lk/

egkekuo xkSre cq¼ êgkdkO;* dk yksdkiZ.k]fopkj xks"Bh ,oa dfo lEesyu lEiUu

�� cs/M+d U;wt ,oa cs/M+d izdk'ku ds rRok/ku esa HkO; vEcsMdj t;arh dk vk;kstuA��vEcsMdj fe'ku ewoesaV esa lefiZr y{eh ukjk;.k lq/kdj ths dks ¶cs/Md lkfgR;dkj¸] Vh-ih-flagth dks ¶cs/Md i=kdkj¸] vkj-,y-dSu th dks ¶cs/Md lekftd dk;Zdrk¸] fl¼ xksiky lkxj thdks ¶cs/Md /Ee izpkjd¸ ,oa /unsoh th dks ¶cs/Md efgyk lekftd dk;ZdrkZ lEeku&2013 lslEekfur fd;k x;kA��cs/M+d U;wt+ ,oa cs/M+d izdk'ku rFkk lg vk;kstd vkj- ds dSu] laLFkkid xzhu ohul ifCydLdwy] ds lkStU; ls 50 vU; vEcsMdj fe'ku ewoesaV esa lefiZr lekt ds izfrf"Br x.kekU;ksa dks ,d'kkWy ,oa izrhd fpaÞu HksaV dj lEekfur fd;kA��^êgkekuo xkSre cq¼** uked iqLrd yksdki.kZ ds lkFk gh ¶cs/M+d izdk'ku¸ dk vkxktA

� vk'kk jke xkSre

48

cs/M+d

U;wt

] eb

Z ] 2

013


qokn fn;k] lkFk gh mEehn trkbZ fd Hkfo";esa ¶cs/M+d izdk'ku¸ ckS¼@vEcsM+djhvkanksyu esa lfØ; Hkwfedk vnk djrs gq,,d u;k ehy dk iRFkj lkfcr gksxkA

bl volj ij jpukdkj ekU;oj vkj-,l-fnudj us crk;k fd cksf/lRo ckcklkgsc MkW-ch-vkj-vEcsMdj }kjk jfprØkafrdkjh iqLrd ^fn cq¼k ,.M fgt /Eek*dk i| esa jpuk djus ds ihNs esjk eaRkO;lkiQ gS fd eSa pkgrk Fkk fd fgUnqvksa dhjkek;.k dh Hkkafr ckS¼ mikldksa ds ikl HkhdkO; fo|k esa ,d ,slk xzaFk gks tks fdmildksa esa ,d ubZ mQtkZ ,oa :fp iSnk djsA

iqLrd yksdki.kZ ds i'pkr orZekulanHkZ esa MkW-vEcsM+dj ds fopkj vkSj nfyri=kdkfjrk dh lkFkZdrk fo"k; ij ,dfopkj xks"Bh

orZeku lanHkZ esa MkW-vEcsM+dj ds fopkjvkSj nfyr i=kdkfjrk dh lkFkZdrkfo"k; ij,d fopkj xks"Bh 'kq: gqbZ bl fopkj xks"Bhesa MkW-dqlqe fo;ksxh] ofj"B lkfgR;dkj ,oanfyr fpard] bZ'kdqekj xaxkfu;ka] 'kq: gqbZbl fopkj xks"Bh esa MkW-dqlqe fo;ksxh] ofj"BlkfgR;dkj ,oa nfyr fpard] bZ'kdqekjxaxkfu;ka] ofj"B lkfgR;dkj ,oanfyrfpard] vkj-vkj-ckx],MoksdsV gkbZdksVZ,oa nfyr fpard] lquhrk ,u- dqekj] nfyrfpard ,oa tloar flag ^cs/M+d* laiknd]cs/Md U;wt us vius&vius fopkj izLrqrfd,A bu lHkh us orZeku lanHkZ esa nfyrehfM;k dh vko';drk ij tksj nsrs gq, dgkfd orZeku esa ns'k dh uhfr fu/kZjd ehfM;kcu x;k gSA euqoknh ehM;k }kjk nfyr

yxkrkj viekfur ,oa mis{kk dk f'kdkj gqvkgSA vkt nfyrksa ds lkFk ?kfVr ?kVukvksa dksyxkrkj euqoknh ehfM;k }kjk utjvanktdjuk ,oa nfyr fojks/h eqfge pykuk ghnfyr ehfM;k dh vko';drk eglwl djkrkgSA orZeku le; esa nfyr i=k&if=kdkvkas dkc<+rk xzkiQ ,d lqdwu iznku djrk gSAvHkko] izfrLi/kZRed ,oa izfrdwy ekgkSy,oa esa nfyr i=k&if=kdkvksa dks orZeku le;esa pykuk ,d pqukSrhiw.kZ dk;Z gSA budksljdkj dk Hkh lg;ksx ugha fey jgk gksrk gSblfy, vc ge lc ij ;g ftEesnkjh vktkrh gS fd bu i=k&if=kdkvksa dks fujarjpykus ds fy, viuk Hkjiwj lg;ksx nsaA

cs/M+d U;wt+ ds laiknd ,oa cs/M+dizdk'ku ds laiknd tloar flag ^cs/M+d* usizLrqr oDrO; esa dgk fd loZfofnr gSijeiwT; cksf/lRo ckck lkgsc MkW-HkhejkovEcsMdj us vius thou la?k"kZ ds nkSjkunfyr@'kksf"kr lekt esa tkxzfr ykus gsrqle;≤ ij ewduk;d]cfg"Ñr Hkkjr]lerk] lIrkfgd turk] uked ,oaizcq¼Hkkjr uked i=k o if=kdkvksa dkizdk'ku fd;kA

orZeku esa nfyr leqnk; eas ?kfVr?kVukvksa dks euqoknh ehfM;k }kjk utjvanktdjuk rFkk vius vuqlkj rksM+&ejksM+ dj is'kdjuk gh vius nfyr ehfM+;k dhvko';drk eglwl djkrk gSA vkt ,slkizrhr gksrk gS fd nfyr oxZ ds yksx vlgk;gSa rFkk f'kf{kr gksus ds ckotwn Hkh viuh ckrdks cs/M+d :i ls izdV djus esav{ke gSaA

esjk ekuuk gS fd ckck lkgsc MkWvEcsMdj us Hkkjrh; lafo/ku fuekZ.k djdjksM+ksa 'kksf"krksa dks ewduk;d ls cs/M+dcukdj gekjs fodkl dk jkLrk lqfuf'prfd;kA ckck lkgsc MkW-Hkhejko vEcsMdj dsdkjoka dks xfr'khyrk iznku djus gsrq ,oaHkkjr ds cgqtuksa dh vkokt dks cqyan djusgsrq cs/M+d U;wt+ o cs/M+d izdk'ku dhLFkkiuk dh xbZ gSA gesa Hkkjr ds cgqtuksa dkscs/M+d cukuk gksxk vkSj ckck lkgsc dsfe'ku dks iwjk djuk gksxkA

bl ekSds ij lacksf/r djrs gq, cs/M+dU;wt+ ds laj{kd ,-vkj-tks'kh us dgk fdi=k&if=kdk;sa lekt ds vkbZus gksrs gSaA nfyrksads fodkl esa i=k&if=kdk;sa cgqr gh ljylgk;d lk/u lkfcr gks ldrs gSaA D;ksafdesjk ekuuk gS fd Økafr fopkjksa ds vknkuiznku ls gh vk ldrh gS vkSj fopkjksa dsvknku&iznku djus dk lLrk vkSj vPNklk/u i=k&if=kdkvksa ds flok dqN vkSj ughagks ldrkA

vkt dh bl fopkjxks"Bh ds volj ijcs/M+d U;wt+ ds laj{kd] pkS/jh lqjsUædqekj] fo/k;d&xksdyiqj fo/ku lHkk]fnYyh] ,-vkj-tks'kh] ofj"B lekt lsoh] MkW-,l-ih-flag] ofj"B lekt lsoh] ,oa 'k'khdkar Hkkjrh] izca/d&fl¼kFkZ baVj us'kuyifCyd LdwYl] fnYyh@,ulhvkj dks 'kkWy,oa izrhd fpag HksaV dj lEekfur fd;k x;kA

bl ds ckn cs/M+d U;wt+ ,oa cs/M+dizdk'ku rFkk lg vk;kstd vkj- ds dSu]laLFkkid xzhu ohul ifCyd Ldwy] dslkStU; ls cs/M+d lEeku&2013 fn;s x;s

vEcsMdj fe'ku ewoesaV esa lefiZr y{eh ukjk;.k lq/kdj ths ¶cs/Md lkfgR;dkj¸] Vh-ih-flag th ¶cs/Md i=kdkj¸] vkj-,y-dSu th ¶cs/Mdlekftd dk;Zdrk¸] fl¼ xksiky lkxj th ¶cs/Md /Ee izpkjd¸ ,oa /unsoh ¶cs/Md efgyk lekftd dk;ZdrkZ¸ lEeku&2013 ysrs gq,A

cs/M+d U;wt

] ebZ ] 2013

49


ftlesa crkSj y{eh ukjk;.k lq/kdj th dks¶cs/Md lkfgR;dkj¸] Vh-ih-flag th dks¶cs/Md i=kdkj¸] vkj-,y-dSu th dks¶cs/Md lekftd dk;Zdrk¸] fl¼ xksikylkxj th dks ¶cs/Md /Ee izpkjd¸ ,oa /unsoh th dks ¶cs/Md efgyk lekftddk;ZdrkZ¸ lEeku&2013 ds :i esa lEekfurfd;k x;kA blesa izR;sd dks ,d lkWy ,oaizrhd fpaÞu Lo:i Hkxoku xkSre cq¼ dhewfrZ HksaV dh x;haA

cs/M+d U;wt ds laiknd ,oa cs/M+dizdk'ku ds laLFkkid tloar flag cs/M+dds firk th ,oa ekrk th ds dj deyksa ds}kjk rFkk clik fo/k;d pkS/jh lqjsUædqekj] iwoZ fo/k;d pkS/jh iQrsg flag]iwoZfo/k;d cytksj flag] xq: pj.k flag]jk"Vªh; vè;{k] lerk lSfud ny ,oa cs/M+d U;wt ds laj{kd ,-vkj-tks'kh] MkW-,l-

ih-flag ds dj deykssa }kjk 50 vU;vEcsMdj fe'ku ewoesaV esa lefiZr lekt dsizfrf"Br x.kekU;ksa dks ,d 'kkWy ,oa izrhdfpaÞu HksaV dj lEekfur fd;kA

bl ikou volj ij dfo lEesyu dkvk;kstu fd;k x;kA bl dfo lEesyu esavk;s dfooj] y{ehukjk;.k lq/kdj] egrkoflag vpy] NTtw flag lqtku] lwjt Hkkuvktkn] MkW- jktohj dey] Jherh /unsoh]jk?kosUæ flag jk?ko] jfoUæ dqekj] fd'kksjhyky fgrdkjh] lhrkjke lg;ksxh] chMhlqtkr] jkgqy ukxiky] u;u flag u;u] vkfnus dfork ikB dj n'kZdksa dks ea=k eqX/ djfn;kA dk;ZØe ds var esa tloar flag^cs/Md* ds liq=k e;ad flag dk dsddkVdj ikapoka tUe fnol euk;kA lHkh usbl volj ij e;ad flag dks mlds tUefnu dh y[k&y[k c/kbZ;ka nhaA

bl dk;ZØe esa ,-vkj- xkSre] fl¼kFkZdqekj] fot; ckS¼] vkj-vkj-ckx]MkW-vejiky]Mkypan iz/ku] fd'ku pan] jkejru] dey flag ckS¼] gfj'pUæ ckS¼] jk/s';ke xkSre] ujs'k pUæ] jktohj flag]fodkl vk;Z] jfo oekZ] :ijke ckxh] /eZohjflag ckS¼] lq'khy dqekj] NksVsyky ckS¼] MkW-lh-ih-flag] vyh fcYMj] Ñ".k igyoku]fiUVw ckS¼] vfuy ekLVj] euh"k dqekj]Yk[keh pUn] jktw] ,oa fnYyh @,ulhvkj lsizfrf"Br x.kekU; O;fDr;ksa lfgr lSdM+ksackS¼ mikld&mifldkvksa us Hkkx fy;kA

vkt ds bl lekjksg ds vk;kstd ,oacs/M+d U;wt ds laiknd tloar flag cs/M+d us lekjksg esa vk;s lHkh vfrfFk;ksa] ckS¼mikld&mifldkvksa dk /U;okn fd;k vkSjlCcs lÙkk ds lkFk lekjksg dks lEiUu fd;kx;kA

ubZ fnYyhA la;qDr vuqlwfprtkfr@tutkfr f'k{kd eap] fnYyh ,oa f'k{kkfuns'kky; foax ds rRoko/ku esa 'kadj ykygky]fnYyh fo0fo esa HkkjrjRu ckck lkgscMkW0 vEcsMdj dh 122 oha t;arh dsmiy{; esa fo'kky nfyr f'k{kd lEesyu,oa HkkjrjRu MkW-Hkhejko vacsMdj dhdksyfEc;k ;kk=kk ds lkS o"kZ iwjs gksus dsmiy{; esa ,d lsfeukj dk Hkh vk;kstufd;k x;kA bl dk;ZØe esa crkSj eq[;vfrfFk vejh'k xkSre (fMIVh Lihdj fnYyhfo/ku lHkk) tcfd lsfeukj esa crkSj eq[;oDrk ,oa vfrfFk izks0 foosd dqekj(izksiQslj ts,u;w)] MkW- lq"kek ;kno (izks0]MkW0 vEcsMdj pS;j] fnYyh fo0fo)mifLFkr gq,A buds vykok bl lEesyu esaMkW- ds-lh-fiIiy] 'kE'k 'kguokt] eypUn],e-,y-vEHkksjs] izks-vkj-,l-fuxe ,oa vU;x.kekU; crkSj fof'k"B vfrfFk igqapsA

lsfeukj dks lEcksf/r djrs gq, izks0foosd dqekj us dgk fd lcls igys eS ckcklkgsc dks ,d f'k{kd ekurk gwaA vkt cMh[kq'kh dk fo"k; gS fd lc f'k{kd feydj,d egku f'k{kd dh t;arh euk jgk gSA esjsfy, [kq'kh dh ckr ;g gS fd ,d f'k{kdgksus ds ukrs eS Hkh vkt bl t;arh dk;ZØedk fgLlk gwqaA vkt f'k{kd fiNyXxw D;ksa

cuk gqvk gS] og ,d LoNUnekxZnkrk D;ksa ugha cu ikrk gSAorZeku esa f'k{kd dh Hkwfedk dkcMk gh egRo gS] ;fn f'k{kdekxZnkrk cus rksA esjk ;g ekuuk gSfd fopkjksa dks okj&okj u cksyktk;s rk fopkj ej tkrs gSaA tSlsfd xka/h dks yksx ekjuk pkgrs gSa]ijUrq ljdkj xka/h dks ejus ughansrhA ljdkj ckck lkgsc MkW vacsMdj dksekjuk pkgrh gS ysfdu yksx ckck lkgsc dksejus ugha nsaxsA Hkkjr gh ugha vfirq iwjs fo'oesa ckck lkgsc MkW vacsMdj ,d ,sls O;fDrgSa ftudh t;arh iwjs ,d vizSy ekg mudsvuq;kf;;ksa ds }kjk futh [kpsZ ij eukbZ tkrhgSA esjk ;s ekuuk gS fd ckck lkgsc MkWvacsMdj dks yksx ekurs gSa ij tkurs ughaAlkspks fd ckck lkgsc dksyfEc;k u x;s gkrs];k fiQj dksyfEc;k ls okil u vk;s gksrsAokLro esa ;s fopkj.kh; fo"k; gSA ;fnxEHkhjrk ls bl fo"k; ij fopkj djs rks irkpyrk gS fd ckck lkgsc ds eu es ¶is cSdVw lkslk;Vh¸ dk fopkj dkS/ka FkkA ckcklkgsc us vius yksxksa ls vkÞoku Hkh fd;k fdgessa ¶is cSd Vw lkslk;Vh¸ dh Hkkouk ftUnkj[kuh pkfg,A vFkkZr ftl lekt ls gekjklEca/ gS] ml lekt ds fgr esa mldks vkxs

c<kus esa enn djus dh Hkkouk gekjs eu esasgksuh pkfg,A eq[; vfrfFk vejh'k xkSre usdgk fd esjk orZeku bl lanHkZ esa ;gh dgukgS fd dksbZ jk"Vª l'kDr tc rd ugha culdrk tc rd ehfM;k] U;k;ikfydk]dk;Zikfydk] jktuhfr] lkekftdlaLFkk;as@izfr"Bku] ljdkjh ,oa izkbZosVmiØeksa @laLFkkuksa esa nfyrksa] fiNMksa]vYila[;dksa dks cjkcjh dk izfrfuf/Ro ughafey tkrkA

buds vykok oDrkx.kksa us vius&viusoDrO; esa ckck lkgsc ds dkjoka dks vkxs ystkus dh ckr dghA la;qDr vuqlwfprtkfr@tutkfr f'k{kd eap] fnYyh ds pS;jeSufctsUæ dqekj us dk;ZØe dh liQyrk dsfy, eap ds inkf/dkfj;ksa] f'k{kk funs'kky;foax ds inkf/dkfj;ksa ,oa mU; x.kekU;lnL;ksa o vfrfFk;ksa dk /U;okn fd;kA

fo'kky nfyr f'k{kd lEesyu ,oa lsfeukj vk;ksftr

50

cs/M+d

U;wt

] eb

Z ] 2

013


vEcsMdj t;arh cMs /we&/ke ls eukbZ x;hm-iw-fnYyhAxksdyiqj fo/ku lHkk ds vUrxZr

e.Mksyh frdksuk ikdZ] g"kZ fogkj esa LFkkuh;clik fo/k;d pkS/jh lqjsUæ dqekj us ,oaxksdyiqj ,oa xksdyiqj fo/ku lHkk dsdk;Zdrkvksa ds lg;ksx ls Hkkjr jRu]lafoèkku fuekZrk ckck lkgc Mk- HkhejkovacsMdj dh 122 oha t;arh lekjksg dkHkO; vk;kstu fd;k x;kA

bl dk;ZØe ds eq[; vfrfFk ,e,yrksej (izHkkjh] fnYyh) us dgk fd cgqtulekt ikVhZ MkW- vacsMdj ds jkLrs ij pyrsgq, ns'k dks vkxs ys tkuk pkgrh gSA mUgksausdgk fd MkW- Hkhejko vEcsMdj dk fe'kuewoesssaV cgu dqekjh ek;korh ds usr`Ro esavkxs rhcz xfr ls vkxs c<+ jgk gSA

ekU;oj dka'khjke th us uhyk >aMk dksns'k dk iFk izn'kZu crk;k vkSj fiQj mÙkjizns'k gh ugh ns'k ds 'kksf"krksa oafprksa dhelhgk cgu dqekjh ek;korh us bl >aMs dkslkFk ysdj gekjs tSls yksxksa dks jk"Vª dh esaeq[; èkkjk esa tksM+us dk dke fd;kA

rksej us dgk fd ge vkt ds fnu dksladYi fnol ds :Ik esa ysrs gq, fnYyhfoèkku pquko dk 'ka[kukn djrs gSA gesa iwjkfo'okl gS fd fnYyh esa vxyk pquko clikds gkFkksa gksxk vkSj gekjh ljdkj cuus lsdksbZ jksd ugh ldrkA eq[;ea=kh 'khyk nhf{krdkuwu O;oLFkk vius gkFk esa ugha gksus dkcgkuk cukdj iYyk >kM+ gh gSA ij tks mudsgkFk esa gS ml f'k{kk] LokLF;] ihus dk ikuh]fctyh ] lM+d vkSj jkstxkj nsus ls og ihNsD;ksa gV jgh gSA fnYyh esa 60 cPpksa ds Dykl:e esa vxj Ms<+ lkS cPps i<kbZ dj jgs gSA

rks blds fy, dkSu ftEesnkj gSAclik fo/k;d pkS/jh lqjsUæ dqekj us

dgk fd 2008 ds foèkku lHkk pquko esa {ks=kdh turk us eq>s ftrkdj fnYyh fo/ku lHkkesa HkstkA eSa turk dk ;g vglku dHkh ughaHkwy ldrkA eSus gj laHko dksf'k'kksa ls vius{ks=k dk fodkl fd;k gSA vc eS vius{ks=kckfl;ksa ls nksokjk vuqjks/ djrk gwa fd;fn vkidks yxrk gS fd eSus vkids {ks=k dkfodkl fd;k gSA rks eq>s nksokjk ekSdk t:jnssa rkfd eS cps dk;kZs dks Hkh djk ldswA

mUgksaus dgk fd eSus vc rd viusvFkd iz;klksa ls {ks=k esa yxHkx 200 djksM:i;s {ks=k fodkl dk;ksZa esa yxk;as gS ,oa vcrd yxHkx 12]000 fodykax] c`¼koLFkk,oa fo/ok isa'ku nh tk pqdh gSA

mUgksaus dgk fd eq>s bl {ks=k esalEkL;k;as fojklr esa feyha gSaA iwoZ fo/k;dksaus bl {ks=k ds fodkl ds fy, T;knk xEHkhjiz;kl ugha fd;sA bl fy, vc rd eSus vius{ks=kckfl;ksa dh ewyHkwr leL;kvksa dks è;ku esaj[krs gq, dk;Z fd;k gSA

vc eS viuh turk ls vuqjks/ djrk gwafd eaS vc iwjh rjg ls dk;Z dq'ky] vuqHkoh,oa ifjiDo gks pqdk gwwaA ;fn turk eq>s ,dokj vkSj ekSdk nsrh gS rks eS ckck lkgsc dscrk;s ekxZ ij pyrs gq, ,oa cgu dq0ek;korh ls izsj.kk ysrs gq, {ks=k dk dk;kdYidj nwaxkA

bl volj ij i/kjs yksdlHkk izHkkjhegsUæ flag] yYyu izlkn] ftyk vè;{k /uflag] efgyk inkf/dkjh lqtkrk vEHkksjsvkfn us eap ls vius fopkj j[ksA

fo/k;d pkS lqjsUæ dqekj us vacsMdjt;arh lekjksg esa vk;s lHkh x.kekU;vfrfFk;kas dk 'kkWy HksaV dj ,oa ekyk igukdj lEekfur fd;kA

bl volj ij clik lkaLÑfrd lfpo'kkD; E;wftdy xzqi us 'keka cka/ nhA ,oaHkhe tkxj.k xhr izLrqr dj lekjksg esamifLFkr gtkjksa yksxksa dks ea=keqX/ dj fn;kA

bl vacsMdj t;arh lekjksg esa izns'k]ftyk],oa fo/ku lHkk {ks=k ds lHkh inkf/dkfj;ksa us Hkkx fy;kA

m0iw0fnYyhA Hkhe fe=k eaMy] lcksyhds rRoko/ku esa ije iwT; Hkkjr jRu ,oalafo/ku fuekZrk ckck lkgc MkW- HkhejkovEcsMdj dk 122 ok¡ tUeksRlo lekjksg ,oaHkhe tkxj.k dk vk;kstu fd;k x;k ftlesaHkhe tkxj.k ,oa cq¼ tkxj.k xhr izLrqrfd;s x;sA bl volj bl dk;ZØe ds eq[;oDrk fo/k;d lqjsUæ dqekj us vius fopkjj[krs gq, dgk fd MkW- vEcsMdj ,d egku

fopkjd ,oa fo}ku euh"kh Fks]muds fopkjksa ij pyrs gq, geviuh eafty dks vklkuh ls ikldrs gSaA D;ksafd ckck lkgsc dhdgh ,d&,d ckr tkaph oij[kh [kjh lksus ds leku gSA

mUgksaus dgk fd vkt gesa,d tkx:d jgrs gq, viusvf/dkjksa ds fy, la?k"kZ djukgksxk D;ksafd ljdkj gekjs gdksadks ugha nsuk pkgrh gSA bl

Hkhe tkxj.k dk vk;kstu

dk;ZØe dks ns[kus okys lSdMksa efgykvksa] cPpksa ,oaiq:"kksa dh HkhM+ tqVh FkhA

iwT;uh; ekrkth vkids lax fcrk;s gekjs thou ds vnHkwr vkSj foy{k.k vuqHkwfr ds {k.k] tks esjh thou iwath cusaxsA ftUgsa ge gj {k.k latksdj j•saxsA ;gh {k.k gesa jkg fn•k;saxsA gekjk vkRecy c<+k;saxsA gesa fuMj cuk;saxs vkSj gesa gj xyr dke djus ls jksdsaxsA iwT;uh; ekrkth Jhefr dykorh nsoh th ds vkdfLed fu/u ij laiw.kZ 'kksdkdqy ifjokj dh vJqiw.kZ J¼katfy!

iwT;uh; ekrkth vkids lax fcrk;s gekjs thou ds vnHkwr vkSj foy{k.k vuqHkwfr ds {k.k] tks esjh thou iwath cusaxsA ftUgsa ge gj {k.k latksdj j•saxsA ;gh {k.k gesa jkg fn•k;saxsA gekjk vkRecy c<+k;saxsA gesa fuMj cuk;saxs vkSj gesa gj xyr dke djus ls jksdsaxsA iwT;uh; ekrkth Jhefr dykorh nsoh th ds vkdfLed fu/u ij laiw.kZ 'kksdkdqy ifjokj dh vJqiw.kZ J¼katfy!

le`fr&'ks"k

pkS0 vrj flag] pkS0 Kku flaagpkS0 Qrsg flag] pkS0 fouksn dqekj

(iwoZ mikè;{k] fnYyh fo/kku lHkk)

pkS0 vrj flag] pkS0 Kku flaagpkS0 Qrsg flag] (iwoZ mikè;{k] fnYyh fo/kku lHkk)

pkS0 fouksn dqekj

'kksdkdqy ifjokj'kksdkdqy ifjokj

lHkh ns'kokfl;ksa Fkkxr Hkxoku xkSrdh 2557 oha t;agkfnZd 'kqHkdke

lHkh ns'kokfl;ksa dks rFkkxr Hkxoku xkSre cq¼ dh 2557 oha t;arh ij gkfnZd 'kqHkdkeuk,a!

ddkdccccqqcccc¼ ccqqcciiijj iii

,,,,,,,aa !

pkS- lqjsUæ dqekjpkS- lqjsUæ dqekjclik foèkk;d

xksdyiqj fo/kkulHkk {ks= ,oa miusrk foèkk;d nyclik fnYyh foèkku lHkk

clik foèkk;d xksdyiqj fo/kkulHkk {ks=

,oa miusrk foèkk;d nyclik fnYyh foèkku lHkk

tkVo lekt lqèkkj lfefr (iath-)

uo T;ksfr tufgr fodkl ,lksfl,'ku (jft-)'kkgnjk jSftMsaVl oSyQs;j ,lksfl,'ku (iath-)

nh tkVo dks&vkWijsfVo xqzi gkmflax lkslk;Vh (fy-)nh tkVo dks&vkWijsfVo(vcZu)Vh-,.M-lh-lkslk;Vh(fy-)fo'kky T;ksfr lgdkjh vkokl lfefr fy- (xkft;kckn)

tkVo lekt lqèkkj lfefr (iath-) xzhu ohul ifCyd Ldwy(ekU;rk izkIr)

egkcq¼k LVwMsaV ,tqds'kuy VsEiy (iath-) nh tkVo daT;wej dks&vkWijsfVo LVksj (fy-) uo T;ksfr tufgr fodkl ,lksfl,'ku (jft-)

'kkgnjk jSftMsaVl oSyQs;j ,lksfl,'ku (iath-)nh tkVo dks&vkWijsfVo xqzi gkmflax lkslk;Vh (fy-)

nh tkVo dks&vkWijsfVo(vcZu)Vh-,.M-lh-lkslk;Vh(fy-)fo'kky T;ksfr lgdkjh vkokl lfefr fy- (xkft;kckn)

Lkekftd Økaafr ds vxznwr egkiq:"kksa ls izsfjr gksdj lkekftd dk;ksZa esa lnSo rRij

irk%& Hkxoku cq¼k jksM ,DlVsa'ku tkSgjhiqj

fnYyh&110094] Qksu ua- 011&22816181

irk%& Hkxoku cq¼k jksM ,DlVsa'ku tkSgjhiqj

fnYyh&110094] Qksu ua- 011&22816181

jked`".k dSu ^nhid*jked`".k dSu ^nhid*iwoZ vfr-vk;qDr fn-u-fu-iwoZ vfr-vk;qDr fn-u-fu-

LakLFkkid ,oa ps;jeSuLakLFkkid ,oa ps;jeSu

py daVdksa ij tks eqlhcrksa dk lkeuk djs] ogh balku gksrk gSdj ifjJe tks vkSjksa dh eqf'dysa gy djs] ogh Hkxoku gksrk gSpy daVdksa ij tks eqlhcrksa dk lkeuk djs] ogh balku gksrk gSdj ifjJe tks vkSjksa dh eqf'dysa gy djs] ogh Hkxoku gksrk gS

cu ^nhid* lk tks xSjksa dks jks'kudjs] tx esa uke mlh dk gksrk gS

lHkh ns'kokl;ksa dks Hkxoku xkSre cq¼ dh 2557 oha t;arh dh gkfnZd 'kqHkdkeuk,a!lHkh ns'kokl;ksa dks Hkxoku xkSre cq¼ dh 2557 oha t;arh dh gkfnZd 'kqHkdkeuk,a!

pkS-cyjktclik fuxe ik"kZn xksdyiqj ckMZ ,oa

vè;{k] leqnkf;d lsok lfefr

clik fuxe ik"kZn xksdyiqj ckMZ ,oa

vè;{k] leqnkf;d lsok lfefr

lHkh ns'kokfl;ksa dksHkxoku rFkkxr xkSre cq¼dh 2557 oha t;arh dhgkfnZd 'kqHkdkeuk,a!

lHkh ns'kokfl;ksa dksHkxoku rFkkxr xkSre cq¼dh 2557 oha t;arh dhgkfnZd 'kqHkdkeuk,a!

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bedharak news may issue-2013

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