Becoming a Teacher Ninth Edition Forrest W. Parkay Chapter 4 Philosophical Foundations of U.S....

Becoming a Teacher Ninth Edition

Forrest W. Parkay

Chapter 4

Philosophical Foundations of U.S. Education

ISBN: 0132767465

© 2013, 2010, 2007 Pearson Education, Inc.

All Rights Reserved

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Focus Questions

Becoming At Teacher, 9e, Forrest W. ParkayISBN: 0132767465© 2013, 2010, 2007Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved

1. Why is philosophy important to teachers?

2. What is the nature of philosophy?

3. What determines your educational philosophy?

4. What are the branches of philosophy?

5. What are five modern philosophical orientations to teaching?

6. What psychological orientations have influenced teaching philosophies?

7. How can you develop your educational philosophy

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Why is philosophy important to teachers?

• Understanding of philosophy will enhance professionalism

• Use as a guide for Professional Action

• Focuses efforts


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What is the nature of philosophy?

Philosophy identifying the basic truths about being, knowledge, and conduct

•Love of Wisdom


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What determines your educational philosophy?

• Beliefs about Teaching and Learning– Transmission of Knowledge– Construction of Knowledge

• Beliefs about Students

• Beliefs about Knowledge

• Beliefs about What is worth knowing


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What Are the Branches of Philosophy?

Metaphysics explaining the nature of reality

Epistemology explaining knowledgeKnowing based on:–Authority–Divine Revelation–Empiricism–Reason and Logic–Intuition


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What Are the Branches of Philosophy?

Axiology Explaining values

EthicsExplaining morals

Aesthetics Explaining values or art and beauty

Logic Explaining reasoning–Deductive–Inductive○ Socratic questioning


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What are the five modern philosophical orientations to teaching?

Perennialism Knowledge of unchanging principles or great ideas

Essentialism Knowledge of core subjects

Progressivism Knowledge from student’s interest


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What are the five modern philosophical orientations to teaching?

Existentialism Knowledge of what is important to the student–Postmodern--Knowledge that challenges historically constructed views of reality

Social Reconstructionism Knowledge about changing the social order–Critical Pedagogy – focus on how education can promote social justice–Feminist Pedagogy – focus on creating caring communities of engaged learners, collaboration and democracy for all


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What psychological orientations have influenced teaching philosophies?

Humanism Personal freedom and responsibility determine learning

Behaviorism Environment determines learning

Constructivism Cognitive processes to construct learning

•Cognitive Science – study of mental processes used in thinking and remembering


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How can you develop your educational philosophy?

Eclectic Philosophy unique blend of 2 or more philosophies


Becoming a Teacher Ninth Edition Forrest W. Parkay Chapter 4 Philosophical Foundations of U.S....

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