WELCOME EVERYONE

Unlocking the mysteries of “beach erosion”

This study achieves the goals of determining…

• The direction in which sand moves along the shoreline& why.

• How this migration is affected by our influences such as beach groins, river jetties.

• The causes of current & past major episodes of beach erosion

• What might be done to solve beach erosion .

BEACH EROSION IT’S OCCURANCE

What Is Beach Erosion?

♦ wearing away of land and the removal of beach or dune sediments

♦ Takes place by tidal currents, drainage or high

winds

♦ which take the form of long term losses of sediments and rocks

NATURAL INFLUENCES:

Plum Island Beach Sand Erodes & Accretes (gathers),

wind …

& water…

at the direction ofthe forces exerted by…

Between the high & low tide lines and below the water, wave action moves sand…

Photo: Photo: Clark Little, Clark Little, Surfer MagazineSurfer Magazine

This is especially true at Plum Island as it is a wave & tide dominated beach

Small waves move sand along the shore but ultimately leave it behind upon the beach.

Large waves remove sand from the beach to the near shore shallows & continue to move it along near shore, but underwater.

Above the water, wind moves sand that isn’t stored by vegetation, roots, debris, beach fences & dunes…

……along the beach, along the beach,

Erosion occurs when sand withdrawals exceed deposits…

…and when the sand reserves of the barrier dune system are depleted.

PLOT BETWEEN RATES OFEROSION & ACCRETION

Human Influences

HOW DO PORTS AND OUTER HARBORS CAUSE EROSION?

♦ alteration of sedimentation patterns may lead to accretion or erosion of a beach

♦ Majority of Ports and Harbors are causing large scale Coastal Erosion.

EFFECTS OF IT:♦ Loss of coastal habitats

♦ Loss of freshwater and food resources.

♦ Increased Vulnerability

♦ Socio-economic loss.

♦ Unsustainable development

Erosion Hot Spots

ESTUARIES

ESTUARIES:

♦ An estuary is a partially enclosed coastal body of brackish water with one or more rivers or streams flowing into it and with a free connection to the open sea.

♦ Estuaries form a transition zone between the river environments and the maritime environments.

IMPACTS OF EROSION:

♦ Property loss♦ Tourism♦ Environmental Degradation♦ Historical Sites

BEFORE (1980s) AFTER (2000+)

Beach fully Eroded

IMPACTS OF EROSION

100 m

Pond Citizens’ Action Network – July 2009

DUMPING ROCKS IS NOT A SOLUTION

• Increases erosion and transfers problem down the coast

• Has to continue forever as rocks keep sinking

• Requires huge sum of public money

Does not protect us from big waves

Mountains have to be destroyed

This is NOT sustainable!

DO U KNOW FROM HOW MANY YEARS VIZAG IS FACING EROSION?

SINCE 20 YEARS..........

It has become severe in vizag since aug 2007 after the construction of the “gangavaram port”.

HARD-EROSION CONTROLS♦ provide a more permanent

solution than the former

♦ Seawall and groyne serve as permanent infrastructure.

♦ The average life span of a seawall is 50–100 years and the average for a groyne is 30–40 years.

SOFT-EROSION CONTROLS♦ refers to temporary options of slowing the effects

of erosion.

♦ Options includes sandbag,creepers and beach nourishment.

♦ not intended to be long term or permanent

solutions.

♦ One of the most common methods is beach nourishment projects.

GROWTH OF

CREEPERS IN BEACHES

YOU WOULD HAVE NOTICED THIS IN VIZAG BEACH IN OUR CHILDHOOD

Beach nourishment

• Companies like DCI are currently appointed in Vizag and other places • These projects involve dredging sand and moving it to the beaches .

IN 2003 SAND NOURISHMENT HAS SHOWN POSITIVE RESULTS

Before Nourishment After Nourishment

FORMATION OF ISLANDS DURING DREDGING

RELOCATION♦ Under this response, humans move from the coast

and surrender the coast to the natural processes of sea level rise and erosion.

♦ By removing structures along the oceanfront, the beach is surrendered to the natural forces of the ocean.

♦ This would be most effective in reducing the impacts of erosion on human society.

GEO TUBES:

♦ These are cylindrical shaped tubular structures.

♦ These are filled with sand, collected from the same place where it is need to be placed.

♦ These are not so expensive.

“Nature never deceives us; it is we who deceive ourselves.”

~ Jean Jacques Rousseau

AS AN INDIVIDUALWHAT CAN WE DO ?

Step 1

Step 2

Young Fraternity India (YFI)

Step 3

Step 4

THANK YOU ALL SKYPIES

FOR MAKING OUR PRESENTATION SUCCESFULL

REFERENCE

Any queries