Be careful, a spy is following you!

2

Outline – Overview

Introduction - What is RFID ? Radio frequency spectrum How does RFID work ? Technical contraints

Radio Frequency Identification Automatic Identification procedure

Barcodes Optical Character Recognition Fingerprinting procedure

Data transmitted via radio frequency Use of tags to identify objects

ID Memory on board Read / Read + Write

Applications examples… (EAS, Animal ID,…)

What is RFID ?

4

Radio frequency spectrum

HF (13,56MHz - ISM)electromagnetic spectrum

radio frequency

SLFELF

infrared

optical spectrum

ultraviolet

X-ray

Gamma ray

ULFVLFLF (125kHz)MF

VHFUHF (900MHz)SHF (2,4GHz - microwave)EHF

Industry Science Medical (ISM) Low frequencies

5

What does RFID look like ?

Mainly 2 components Readers Transponders (tags)

Here are some readers......

6

And here are some tags…

7

Components of an RFID system

Tag Passive, active and semi-passive

Readers

8

Communication

Inductive coupling Transformer type

TransceiverTag Reader

antenna

RFIDTag

IC or microprocessor

antenna

9

Communication

TransceiverTag Reader

antenna

RFIDTag

IC or microprocessor

antenna

Propagation coupling

10

Limitations

Collision Tag orientation Viruses

11

RFID APPLICATIONS

Access control Identifying & monitoring object RFID & GSM integration

12

ACCESS CONTROL

Online systems Offline systems RFID technology used in the public

transportation Vehicle theft prevention

13

IDENTIFYING & MONITORING OBJECT

Animals or humans Industry RFID taking out the trash Inventory maintenance

14

RFID & GSM INTEGRATION

Transponder or reader within smart phones

Connection to GSM or other wireless network

Information stored in wireless network central database

15

Outline – Overview

Introduction Legal&Ethical aspects in:

USA EUROPE

Summary

16

Introduction

Transmission (authorized or unauthorized) of personal data

If unauthorized, it can be considered as a breach of personal privacy

Personal privacy is punishable What’s Personal privacy?

17

USA Use in this country is really huge and in

advance compared to other countries or nations

What is Personal Privacy in American Law?

Not so concerned as European authorities with the use of RFID and the Personal Privacy linked to it.

NO federal law about this notion! Citizens Group intervening: CASPIAN

18

Picture

19

EUROPE Late about RFID technology but in advance over the USA for protecting laws

European citizens know RFID: a part of them believe in laws and others do

not!1 SOURCE : Forester Research (report published in March 2004 )

Don't know3%

Worrying31%

Without impact

35%

Sooner to know31%

1

The concept of privacy is very important in the EU

What is Personal Privacy in European Laws?

There is a really good protection of the European citizens for Private Life’s problems

The European Commission is studying the RFID case

A European Directive about Personal Privacy protects people

Another text, more complete, will be created in the course of 2006

EUROPE

21

Future in Europe « From RFID to the Internet of things » March

22

RFID implementation process

Introduction Findings Summary

The research subject Implementation process

The research aims RFID interest Implementation reasons Advantages and challenges Ethical and legal aspects Market conductiveness

Zmienic!!!!!!!!

Introduction

24

Introduction The research methods

desk research field research – the questionnaire

The research details 6 companies (3 countries)

2 small, 2 medium and 2 big Focus-logistics

Generalization difficulties

25

RFID benefits RFID challenges ROI Launching time Company’s reengineering Ethical and legal aspects

Findings

26

RFID benefits RFID benefits

6

2 21

5

13

0

54 4

201234567

27

RFID primary challenges

RFID primary challenges

5 6

2 2 1 1 101234567

28

Return on Investment

        

    

 

 

     

Small Medium BigCompan

y size

1-5%

6-10%

11-20%

>20%

Expected

ROI level

29

Launching time

RFID launching time

More than a year67%

Immediately0%

3-6 months33%

6-12 months0%

Immediately

3-6 months

6-12 months

More than a year

30

Ethical and legal aspects

Customers monitoring andmeeting legal requirements

2

1

56

6

7

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

31

Company’s reengineering

RFID implementationvs

Firm's re-engineering

Consideration33%

Significant50%

Average17%

Small

Significant

Average

32

Summary

Interest in RFIDDifferent implementation stagesSimilar challengesSimilar benefits

Focus on the customers and

business partners needsSlight ethical and legal aspects