DevelopmentDevelopment

Kunal B. Upadhyay

Don’t think that ‘TIME’ will change our LIFE, Don’t think that ‘TIME’ will change our LIFE, ‘‘TIME’ only change The Expiry Dates of the TIME’ only change The Expiry Dates of the

‘OPPORTUNITIES’ !! ‘OPPORTUNITIES’ !!

DevelopmentDevelopment

The term ‘development’ refers broadly to the nature of direction of change induced in employees.

Development refers to the learning opportunities designed to help employees growth

Any activity designed to improve the performance of existing managers and to provide for a planned growth of managers to meet future organizational requirement development

Needs & Objective of Development Needs & Objective of Development Knowledge about….

Business Environment Management Principles and techniques Human Relations

How do we make our managers self-starters? How do we take in them with a sense of commitment and motivation so they become self-generating?

How do we make them subordinate their narrow-minded, functional loyalties to interests of the organization as a whole?

Cont… Attitude Changes

Attitude affect motivation, satisfaction and job commitment

Changing negative attitude is difficult because(i) employees refuse to change(ii) they have prior commitments(ii) information needed to change attitudes may not be sufficient

Decisions Making and Problem Solving Skills

Methods of DevelopmentMethods of Development

Understudy assignmentUnderstudy assignment

Committee assignment Committee assignment

Role PlayRole Play

In basket exerciseIn basket exercise

Transactional analysisTransactional analysis

Understudy AssignmentUnderstudy Assignment Involves a continuing flow of instructions, comments

and suggestions from managers to the subordinates

The trainee works directly with a senior manager who is responsible for coaching the junior

The managers gives certain responsibilities , giving the trainee a chance to learn the job

Most irritating problem with such employees is their inability to balance work with life Family, Profession, Health, Social , Financial, Spiritual and Mental

Committee Assignment Committee Assignment Managerial personnel may be developed

through their participation in deliberation and decision making in group form such as committees

Decision making in committees s through the process of committees deliberations

First at the initial stagesFirst at the initial stages, the group tries to acquire the largest pool of common information about the fact of situation

Second ,Second , the group tries to make inferences and evaluation of information to form common opinions in general way

Third,Third, it gets around more specific suggestions and solution to the problem

Role PlayRole Play A method of learning was introduced by Moreno,

a Vatican psychiatrist . A method of learning involves human interaction in imaginary situation

While playing these roles they assume themselves as the persons whose role they play

Its used in groups where various individuals are given the roles of different managers who are required to solve a problem or to arrive at a decision

The trainees to develop better perspective in performing their jobs because they may see the jobs from different angles

In-basket Exercise In-basket Exercise A variety of situations is presented in this exercise

which would usually be dealt by a manager in his typical working day

One method of this exercise is to present mail of various types to a trainee whose reactions on these are noted

The trainee is given certain incidents and his reactions are noted down.

Some trainees may play surprise roles which interrupt the managers and gives him two or more problem like real on-the-job pressures

Feedback of his behaviour, the trainees come to know his behavioural pattern and tries to overcome the one which is not require

Transactional AnalysisTransactional Analysis TA refers to a method of analysing and

understanding interpersonal behaviour. When people interact, there is a social

transaction in which one person responds to another

TA originally developed by Eric Berne a psychotherapist, for psychotherapy in 1950

People interact with each other in terms of three Psychological positions, Or Behavioural patterns , known as ego state

CHILD EGO, ADULT EGO, PARENT EGO

CHILD EGOCHILD EGO Characteristics of child ego include

Creativity Conformity Depression Anxiety (Worry, Nervousness) Dependence Fear and hate

The child ego is characterised by non-logical and immediate action which result in immediate satisfaction

There are three parts of child ego: Natural, Adaptive

ADULT EGOADULT EGO The adult is characterised by logical thinking

and reasoning The ego state can be identified by verbal and

physical signs which include thoughtful concentration and factual discussion

He updates the parent data to determine what is valid and what is no

Similarly he also updates child data to determine which feelings should be expressed, thus, he keeps and controls emotional expression appropriately

PARENT EGOPARENT EGO The value and behaviour of these people are

recorded in the mind of the individual and these become the basic values of the personality

Characteristics of a person acting with the parent include being Overprotective (Jealous, selfish) Distant (Reserved) Dogmatic (Rigid) Indispensable Upright