Bazil 2
40
Solar Energy for heating greenhouses at night David Shapiro Maianot R&D Center The International CIPA Conference Tel Aviv Israel, May 15 - 17, 2012
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Transcript of Bazil 2
Solar Energy for heating
greenhouses at night
David Shapiro
Maianot R&D Center
The International CIPA Conference
Tel Aviv Israel, May 15- 17, 2012
Funding and partners
Tzion Deko, Shahar Itshak, R&D Emeq Hamaayont
David Silverman, Extension service Ministry of Agriculture
Uri Adler, Plant Board, Itzhak esquire, Plant Board Uri Adler, Plant Board, Itzhak esquire, Plant Board
Ran Dagan “DAGAN”
Yoram Sztyglic, Ginegar Plastic Products LTD
fresh herbs in the winter is a major export crop and basil is 40% of the group. Basil is a tropical plant which needs temperature above 160C.
The problem
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Temp0C
1. Increasing costs, decreasing income
• Dramatic increases in
oil prices in the past oil prices in the past
three years
• The cost for heating
one hectare is
$100,000 per season!
Heating with fossil fuel (Crude oil)
compromise Wandering
Low yield
leaf diseases
Low yield
2. Pollution and greenhouse gases
Heating with crude oil is
a major contributor to
air pollution and release
of greenhouses gases
CO2 and Sulfur 2
The solution:
Sun, soil, water and polyethylene!
Solar energy
for heating
greenhouses
The basic principles
1. Absorption of the energy from the sun
(during the day).
2. Storing the energy and avoiding loses of
energy to the surroundings.energy to the surroundings.
3. Using the energy at night.
Absorption and storage of energy from the sun
Water tubes
Clear
Polyethylene
mulching
Water tubes
Wetted soil
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35T
em
pe
ratu
re 0
CSoil Temperature (4- 6 cm)
21.7
Greenhouses with
mulching
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Time
7.7
Outside
reducing loses of energy to the surroundings
IR TAVLIN
C405
150 mic
Thermal
Screen
90ASTM D-1003%Light transmission in PAR
0"%UV-transm. (300-380nm.)
15"%Diffused light tr. in PAR
87Internal FT-IR%Thermicity (7-15mic.)
Yes Anti-Drip
Double
layer
cover
Air layer
for
insulation
Wetted soil
Using the energy at night.
IR
Horizontal water tubes, Double layer of polyethylene sheets and mulching
91ASTM D-1003%Light transmission in PAR
80"%UV-transm. (300-380nm.)
15"%Diffused light tr. in PAR
60Internal FT-IR%Thermicity (7-15mic.)
Yes Anti-Drip
IR BASIL C408 50 mic
WATER TUBE CLEAR
C135 200 mic
2 layers of PE sheets compared to one
IR photos
180C 140C18 C
Vertical water tubes
Energy absorption in water
Basil after frost damage Jan. 13, 2008
Mulching, 2 layer
PE, thermal screen and
water tubes Control
Improving energy absorption:
Orientation of the tunnel
THE ANGLE OF THE SUN ON THE
SHORTEST DAY OF THE YEAR
N S
α
β
α<β
Light Intensity (Micro Einstein)North South, East west
Orientation
Llight intensity 17/12/2008 12:00
1000
1200
1400
North SouthEast West
outside
0
200
400
600
800
OUT No 1 No 2 No 3 No 4 No 5 No 6 No 7 No 8 No 9
Tunnel No
light intensity
Llight intensity
2009-10
840
860
880
900
920
940
10
00
m2
Yield of basil Kg/1000m2
East- West
Soil
mulching
horizontal
water tubes,
thermal
740
760
780
800
820
840
NO1 NO9
Kg
/10
00
TUNEL NO
North-south
Soil
mulching
horizontal
water tubes,
thermal
screen
“Eden” Tunnel
N S
6 m
“Eden” Tunnel
N S
Wall of Water
8m3
Wall of Water
Water Wall (black)
Water Wall (black)
Water wall
Water wall
Water wall
Yield
300
400
500
600
Kg/1000m2
Water Wall
Control
10
00
m2
0
100
200
300
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
Kg/1000m2
Kg
\10
00
Prevention of leaf diseases
Botrytis and sclerotinia
Improving The absorption of the water
tubes
Improving The absorption of the water
tubes
Clear water tubes
Black water
tubes
Improving The absorption of the water
tubes
Improving The absorption of the water
tubes
Take home message ….
• We have a simple sustainable non polluting no emissions system for growing summer crops in the winter by using only solar energy.
• It’s possible to grow basil crops in the winter in Israel by using: PE mulching, water tubes, thermal screens, double layers of PE covering material.
• The best results were achieved by using a wall of water tubes standing on the north side of the tunnelsstanding on the north side of the tunnels
• Orientating the tunnels east-west has a considerable advantage over north-south orientated tunnels
• It’s possible to grow Basil without winter diseases without any spraying
• Depending on climate conditions there is a possibility to use only part of the facilities and get good results
