BASUNDHARA AREA IB VALLEY COALFIELD MAHANADI...

CMPDI/FINAL-EIA/MCL/2018-19/Feb-19/75/01

ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT &

ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT PLAN

FOR

SIARMAL OPEN CAST PROJECT

(CAPACITY 50.0 MTY)

BASUNDHARA AREA IB VALLEY COALFIELD

MAHANADI COALFIELDS LIMITED

FEBRUARY 2019

Certificate of accreditation vide No. NABET/EIA/1720/ RA 0092 valid till 01.10.2020

Central Mine Planning & Design Institute Limited (A Subsidiary of Coal India Ltd.)

Regional Institute-VII, Samantpuri, P.O: RRL, Bhubaneswar-751013 (Odisha)

QCI-NABET Scheme for accreditation of EIA Consultant Organisations/Version 3/June 2015

DECLARATION OF ASSOCIATION IN THE EIA 1

DECLARATION BY EXPERTS CONTRIBUTING TO THE EIA OF SIARMAL OCP

(50.0 MTY)

I, hereby, certify that I was a part of the EIA team in the following capacity that developed the

above EIA.

Name of EIA Coordinator: Mrs. Vinita Arora

Signature:

Date: 25-12-18

Period of involvement: February 2018 to till date

Contact information: Environment Department, Central Mine Planning and Design

Institute Limited, (A Subsidiary of Coal India Limited),

Gondwana Place, Kanke Road, Ranchi, Jharkhand – 834031,

Mobile:+91-8987789103, Landline: 0651-2230055.

Email: [email protected]; [email protected]

Associated Team Member with EIA Coordinator: Mr. J Sinha, Cat (B)

FUNCTIONAL AREA EXPERTS:

S.

NO

FUNCTIONAL

AREAS NAME OF THE EXPERT/S

INVOLVEMENT

(PERIOD AND TASK)

SIGNATURE

AND DATE

1 AP

FAE- Mr. Manish Yadav

Team Members:

1. Mr. J Sinha, FAE (B)

February 2018 to till date ➢ Designing Air Quality Monitoring Network for

various pollutants and meteorological

parameters-sampling locations, frequency and

number of samples

➢ Identification of sources of Air Pollution, its

impact, and most suitable control devices and

mechanisms

➢ Preparing cost estimates for pollution control

devices and suggesting measures for post

closure environmental monitoring

2 WP

FAE- Mr. Manish Yadav

Team Members:

1. Mrs. Subhashree Pattanaik ,

TM

February 2018 to till date ➢ Designing sampling network for water and waste

water and inspecting Baseline Data Generation

for water related samples.

mailto:[email protected]




➢ Water Budgeting, optimising use of water for

various sources of demand, suggesting measures

for water conservation, recycling and reuse.

➢ Suggesting water treatment systems, drainage

facilities

➢ Evaluating probable impacts of effluent/waste

water discharges in to the receiving

environment/water bodies and suggesting

control measures.

➢ Preparing cost estimates for structures for

treatment of wastewater like ETP/STP/Oil and

Grease Trap/Settling tank and suggesting

measures for post closure environmental

monitoring

3 SHW

FAE-Mr. V K Pandey

Team Members:

1.Mr.Y Reddy, TM

February 2018 to till date

➢ Source of generation of non-hazardous solid

waste and hazardous waste

➢ Quantification of volume of non-hazardous solid

waste and hazardous waste

➢ Management, handling and disposal techniques

of non-hazardous solid waste and hazardous

waste

➢ Suggesting measures for minimization of

generation of waste and how it can be

reused/recycled.

4 SE

FAE- Mr. Himanshu Shekhar

Sharma

Team Members:

1.Mr.Navin Kumar, TM

February 2018 to till date ➢ Associated with Baseline data generation for

Socio-Economic.

➢ Interpretation of primary and secondary data to

derive the socio-economic status of PAFs/PAPs

and all related stakeholders.

➢ Assessment of social changes arising out of the

project and impact on the people.

➢ Development of R & R plan and suggesting

measures to enhance the socio economic status

of the people living in and around the project.

5 EB

FAE- Mr Nirbhaya Bhatnagar

February 2018 to till date ➢ Associated with Baseline data generation for

Flora and Fauna.

➢ Biodiversity management and identification of

species labelled as rare, endangered and

threatened as per IUCN list.

➢ Impact of the project on flora and fauna.

➢ Suggesting species for Road Plantation,

greenbelt development.



6 HG FAE- Sukanta Mondal

February 2018 to till date ➢ Designing of ground water table measurement

and monitoring network, computation of ground

water recharge, flow rate and direction.

➢ Analysis and description of aquifer

characteristics

➢ Preparation of water budget for an area. ➢ Determining the impact on groundwater table

due to the project and suggesting artificial

groundwater recharge and augmentation

measures.

7 GEO

FAE-Mr. Shreedhar Bhat

Team Members:

1.Mr. Ashish Hota, TM

February 2018 to till date ➢ Geology and Geo morphological

analysis/description and Stratigraphy/Lithology.

➢ Developing geological maps.

➢ Development of Mining plan incorporating

environmental aspects like top soil preservation,

waste dump management,

reclamation/rehabilitation of mined out areas,

run off management etc.

➢ Environmental impacts of 3 phases of mining –

exploration, exploitation and post mining stages

8 SC

FAE-Dr. S K Maiti

(Empanelled)

Team members:

1. Mr. J Sinha, FAE (B)

2. Mr. Y Reddy, TM


➢ Associated with Baseline data generation for

soil-Sampling, analysis and characterization of

soil

➢ Assessment of fertility/productivity of soil,

nutrient availability

➢ Assessment of impact of gaseous, liquid and

solid pollutants on soil.

➢ Controlling degradation of soil/soil conservation ➢ Suggesting top soil conservation measures,

storage and reuse technology.

9 AQ

FAE- Mr. Abhishek Kumar

FAE- Mr. Neeraj Kumar Singh

February 2018 to till date ➢ Associated in Baseline data generation for

developing micro meteorological data for use in

modelling.

➢ Collecting and using secondary data on

meteorology like cloud cover, inversion related

data, mixing heights etc., for modelling.

➢ Air Quality Impact assessment using AERMOD.

10 NV

FAE-Mr. Abhijit Sinha

Team Members:

2. Mrs. Subhashree Pattanaik,

TM


➢ Associated in Baseline data generation for noise

quality.

➢ Sources of noise and vibration in the project

➢ Probable impacts of noise on communities and

of vibration on buildings, structures,

archaeological monuments etc ➢ Control of noise emanating from mining

operations and suggesting control devices



11 LU

FAE- Mr. G Srinivas


➢ Development of Landuse Map

➢ Impact of project on surrounding land use

➢ Integration of land use related data/ information

for assessing environmental impacts of

developmental projects. ➢ Suggesting post closure sustainable land use

and mitigative measures for preventing

degradation of land.

12 RH FAE- Mr. S S Basu

February 2018 to till date ➢ Identification of hazards and hazardous

substances

➢ Risks and consequences analysis

➢ Vulnerability assessment

➢ Preparation of Emergency Preparedness Plan

Declaration by the Head of the Accredited Consultant Organization/ Authorized Person

I, Pushkar, General Manager (Environment) hereby, confirm that the above mentioned experts

prepared the EIA of Siarmal OCP (50.0 Mty). I also confirm that the consultant organization

shall be fully accountable for any mis-leading information mentioned in this statement.

Signature:

Name: Pushkar

Designation: GM (Enviroment)

Name of the EIA consultant organization: Central Mine Planning and Design Institute Limited

NABET Certificate No. & Issue Date: Minutes of 154th Accreditation Committee Meeting for

Re-Accreditation held on Dec. 13, 2017.

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LIST OF CONTENTS

Sl.#

Chapters Particulars Page No.

1. TOR and its Compliance of Siarmal OCP 50.0 Mty…...................................................

1 -- 14

Proforma…………………………………………………………………… 1 -- 41

2. Chapter-I Introduction

1.1 Purpose of the Report…………………………….. 1 -- 2

1.2 General Information …….………………………… 2 -- 3

1.3 Scope of Study…………….………………………. 3 -- 3

1.4 Sources & Types of Data…………………………. 4 -- 4

3. Chapter-II Project Description

2.1 Study Area Profile………………….……………… 1 -- 3

2.2 Project Profile………………………..…………….. 4 -- 5

2.3 Geology………………………..…………………… 5 -- 9

2.4 Mine Target, Life and Reserve…………………… 10 -- 10

2.5 Mine Details…..………………………………….. 10 -- 11

2.6 Geo-Mining Characteristics………………………. 11 -- 12

2.7 Other Parameters of Project……..………………. 12 -- 18

2.8 Land Management………………………………… 18 -- 19

2.9 Proposed Production Schedule, Ob Removal & Backfilling……………………………………………

19 -- 21

2.10 Vehicular Traffic Density…………………………. 21 -- 21

2.11 Mineral(s) Transportation outside the ML area 22 -- 22

2.12 Welfare of Employees…………………………….. 22 -- 23

2.13 Occupational Health Issues………………………. 23 -- 23

2.14 Litigation / Pending Cases……………………… 23 -- 23

2.15 Details of Equipment ……………………………... 23 -- 24

2.16 Diversion of Road & Drainage …..……………… 24 -- 24

2.17 Construction of Embankment Against Water Bodies……………………………………………….

25 -- 25

2.18 Use of Natural Resources………………………… 25 -- 25

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2.19 Economic Parameters…………………………….. 25 -- 25

4. Chapter-III Description of the Environment

3.1 Present Environmental Scenario………………… 1 -- 1

3.2 Ambient Air Quality………………….…………….. 1 -- 19

3.3 Water Quality………………………….…………… 19 -- 26

3.4 Hydrology & Hydrogeology……….….…………… 27 -- 42

3.5 Noise Level Measurement……………………….. 43 -- 44

3.6 Land Use/Cover Pattern……………….…………. 45 -- 45

3.7 Socio-economic Scenario………………………… 46 -- 61

3.8 Soil Quality Study…….……………………………. 62 -- 64

3.9 Information on Bio-diversity…………….………… 65 -- 86

3.10 Places of Religious, Historical & Archaeological Importance………………………………………….

87 -- 87

5. Chapter-IV Anticipated Env. Impacts & Mitigation Measures

4.1 Assessment of Impact and Control Measures on Air Quality …………..……………………………...

1 -- 5

4.2 Assessment of Impact and Control Measures on Hydrology & Hydrogeology……………….……….

5 -- 21

4.3 Noise Quality…….………………………….……… 22 -- 23

4.4 Risk and Hazards………………………………….. 23 -- 25

4.5 Impact on Socio-economic Profile………….……. 25 -- 29

4.6 Impact on Bio-diversity………………….………… 29 -- 33

4.7 Impact on Land Use and Land Scape…………… 33 -- 35

4.8 Impact on Traffic Movement and control measures …………………………….…………….

35 -- 36

4.9 Impact on Public Health…………………………… 37 -- 37

4.10 Environmental Impact Assessments…………….. 37 -- 39

6. Chapter-V Analysis of Alternative Technology

5.1 Introduction………………………….……………… 1 -- 1

5.2 Mining Technology for Env. Management….…… 1 -- 4

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5.3 Basic Mine Parameters…………………………… 4 -- 4

5.4 Mining Strategy…………………………………….. 5 -- 9

7. Chapter-VI Environmental Management System and Monitoring Organization

6.1 Environmental Management System……………. 1 -- 3

6.2 Monitoring Organization…………………………... 3 -- 7

6.3 Monitoring & Control………………………………. 7 -- 8

8. Chapter-VII Additional Studies

7.1 Disaster Management (Risk Assessment & Management) …………………….….……………..

1 -- 12

7.2 Social Impact & RR Action Plan………………….. 12 -- 16

7.3 Corporate Social Responsibility………………….. 16 -- 18

7.4 Habitat Management / Wildlife Conservation Cost………………………………………………….

18 -- 18

7.5 Public Consultation / Hearing……………………. 19 -- 19

7.6 Rain Water Harvesting……………………………. 19 -- 20

7.7 Slope Stability……………………………………… 20 -- 36

7.8 Carrying Capacity Study………………………….. 36 -- 36

7.9 Corporate Environment Responsibility………….. 36 -- 36

9. Chapter-VIII Project Benefits

8.1 Introduction…………………………………………. 1 -- 1

8.2 Improvement in Physical Infrastructure & Community Development………………………….

1 -- 2

8.3 Improvement in Social Infrastructure……………. 3 -- 3

8.4 Employment Potential……………………………... 4 -- 4

8.5 Other Tangible Benefits…………………………… 4 -- 4

10. Chapter-IX Environmental Economics

9.1 Introduction…………………………………………. 1 -- 1

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9.2 Expenditure to be incurred towards CSR……….. 1 -- 1

9.3 Compensatory Afforestation Cost & Wild Life Management………………..

1 -- 2


9.5 Community Development for Peripheral Villages 2 -- 2

9.6 Biological Reclamation Cost…………………….. 2 -- 2

9.7 Mine Closure Cost…………………………………. 2 -- 2

9.8 Revenue Cost for EIA/EMP………………………. 3 -- 3

11. Chapter-X Environmental Management Plan

10.1 Mine Closure Plan…………………..…………….. 1 -- 37

10.2 Post-operational stage land use plan landscape. 37 -- 37

10.3 Control Measures for Traffic Movement………… 38 -- 38

12. Chapter-XI Summary & Conclusion

11.1 Purpose of the Report…………………………….. 1 -- 1

11.2 Study Area Profile…………………………………. 2 -- 3

11.3 Project Profile………………………………………. 3 -- 8

11.4 Existing Environmental Scenario………………… 8 -- 8

11.5 Anticipated Impacts and Mitigation Measures…. 9 -- 17

11.6 Pre-Mining and Post–Mining …………………. 18 -- 18

11.7 Environmental Monitoring Organisation………… 18 -- 18

11.8 Risk Assessment & Management……………….. 18 -- 18

11.9 Corporate Social Responsibility………………….. 19 -- 19

11.10 Corporate Environment Responsibility………….. 19 -- 19

11.11 Compensatory Afforestation And Wild Life Management Cost………………………………….

19 -- 19


11.13 Project Benefit……………………………………... 20 -- 20

13. Chapter-XII Disclosure of the Consultant Engaged

12.1 Name of Consultant………………………………. 1 -- 2

12.2 Brief Resume of the Consultants 2 -- 2

12.3 Environment Division 3 -- 3

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LIST OF ANNEXURES

Sl. No.

Particulars Annexure No.

1. Copy of Mining Plan & Mine Closure Plan Approval Letter

I

2. Copy of Forest Application Letter II

3. Copy of letter from Chief Conservator of Forest III

4. Copy of Agreement of power supply IV

5. Copy of Agreement of water supply V

6. Copy of Carrying Capacity Study VI

7. Copy of Public Hearing Proceeding VII

LIST OF PLATES

Sl

No. Particulars Plate

1. Location Plan I A & I B

2. Surface Master Plan II

3. Study area showing 10 Km Buffer zone III

4. Infrastructure plan showing 10 Km Buffer zone IV

5. Drainage Map showing the 10 Km Buffer zone V

6. Geological Plan VI

7. Geological Cross-section along DD’, and EE’. VIA

8. Contour plan showing 10 Km Buffer zone VII

9. Mine Stage Plan at the end of 10th year VIII

10. Mine Stage Plan at the end of 18th year VIIIA

11. Mine Stage Plan at the end of 24th year VIIIB

12. Final Stage Dump Plan IX

13. Final Mine Closure Plan IXA

14. Land Use Map X

15. Location of Air Sampling Locations XI

16. Location of Water Sampling Locations XII

17. Location of Noise Sampling Locations XIII

18. Location of Soil Sampling Locations XIV

19. Longitudinal & Traverse Cross- Section XV

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Compliance of Terms of Reference (ToR) – Siarmal OCP (50.0 Mty)

i) An EIA-EMP Report shall be prepared for 50.0 MTPA rated

capacity in an ML/project area of 2290.45 Ha based on the generic structure specified in Appendix-III of the EIA Notification 2006.

EIA-EMP report for with peak production of 50.0 MTPA has been prepared.

ii) An EIA-EMP Report would be prepared for 50.0 MTPA rated capacity cover the impacts and environment management plan for the project specific activities on the environment of the region, and the environmental quality encompassing - air, water, land, biotic community, etc. through collection of data and information, generation of data on impacts including prediction modeling for 50.0 MTPA of coal production based on approved project / Mining Plan for 50.0 MTPA. Baseline data collection can be for any season (three months) except monsoon.

EIA-EMP report for peak production of 50.0 MTPA has been prepared. Baseline data has been generated and incorporated in chapter 3.

iii) A toposheet specifying locations of the State, District and project site should be provided.

Plate-III

iv) A study area map of the core zone (project area) and 10 km area of the buffer zone (1:50,000 scale) clearly delineating the major topographical features such as the land use, surface drainage pattern including river / streams / nallas / canals, locations of human habitations, major constructions including railways, roads, pipelines, major industries/ mines and other polluting sources. In case of ecologically sensitive areas such as Biosphere Reserves / National Parks / WL Sanctuaries / Elephant Reserves, forests (Reserved / Protected), migratory corridors of fauna, and areas where endangered fauna and plants of medicinal and economic importance found in the 15 km study area should be given.

Plate-III, IV, V, & X

v) Land use map (1:50,000 scale) based on a recent satellite imagery of the study area may also be provided with explanatory note on the land use.

Plate-X

vi) Map showing the core zone delineating the agricultural land (irrigated and unirrigated, uncultivable land as defined in the revenue records, forest areas (as per records), along with other physical features such as water bodies, etc. should be furnished.

Plate-X

vii) A contour map showing the area drainage of the core zone and 25 km of the study area (where the water courses of the core zone ultimately join the major rivers/streams outside the lease/project area) should also be clearly indicated in the separate map.

Plate-V & Plate-VII

viii) A detailed site plan of the mine showing the proposed break-up of the land for mining operations such as the quarry area, OB dumps, green belt, safety zone, buildings, infrastructure, CHP, ETP, Stockyard, townpship/colony (within and adjacent to the ML), undisturbed area if any, and landscape features such as existing roads, drains/natural water bodies are to be left undisturbed along with any natural drainage adjoining the lease/project areas, and modification of thereof in terms of construction of embankments/bunds, proposed diversion/ rechanneling of the water courses, etc., approach roads, major haul roads, etc. should be indicated.

Plate-II

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ix) In case of any proposed diversion of nallah/canal/river, the proposed route of diversion/modification of drainage and their realignment, construction of embankment, etc. should also be shown on the map as per the approval of Irrigation and flood control Department of the concerned state.

Description provided in Chapter 2 para 2.16

x) Similarly, if the project involves diversion of any road/railway line passing through the ML/project area, the proposed route of diversion and its realignment should be shown in the map along with the status of the approval of the competent authority.

Description provided in Chapter 2 para 2.16

xi) Break up of lease / project area as per different land uses and their stage of acquisition should be provided.

Detailed provided in Chapter 2. Para 2.8

xii) Break up of lease / project area as per mining plan should be provided.

Detailed provided in Chapter 2. Para 2.8

xiii) Impact of changes in the land use due to the project if the land is predominantly agricultural land / forest land / grazing land, should be provided.

Chapter-10, Para 10.1.8.1

xiv) One-season (other than monsoon) primary baseline data on environmental quality – air (PM10, PM2.5, SO2, NOX and heavy metals such as Hg, Pb, Cr, As, etc.) noise, water (surface and ground water), soil – along with one-season met data coinciding with the same season for AAQ collection period should be provided.

Chapter-3, Para 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 3.5 and 3.8

xv) Map of the study area (1:50,000 scale) (core and buffer zone) showing the location of various sampling stations superimposed with location of habitats, other industries / mines, polluting sources, should be provided. The number and location of the sampling stations in both core zone and buffer zone should be selected on the basis of size of lease/project area, the proposed impacts in the downwind (air)/downstream (surface water) / ground water regime (based on flow). One station should be in the upwind/upstream/non-impact/non-polluting area as a control station. The monitoring should be as per CPCB guidelines and parameters for water testing for both ground water and surface water as per ISI standards and CPCB classification wherever applicable. Observed values should be provided along with the specific standards.

Plate-XI – Air Sampling Plate-XII- Water Sampling Plate-XIII-Soil Sampling Plate-XIV-Noise Sampling Detailed baseline data is provided in Chapter 3, which is as per CPCB, IS standard.

xvi) Study on the existing flora and fauna in the study area (10 km) should be carried out by an institution of relevant discipline. The list of flora and fauna duly authenticated separately for the core and study area and a statement clearly specifying whether the study area forms a part of the migratory corridor of any endangered fauna should be given. If the study area has endangered flora and fauna, or if the area is occasionally visited or used as a habitat by Schedule-I species, or if the project falls within 15 km of an ecologically sensitive area, or used as a used as a migratory corridor then a Comprehensive Conservation Plan along with the appropriate budgetary provision should be prepared and submitted with EIA-EMP Report and comments/observation from the CWLW of the State Govt. should also be obtained and furnished.

Chapter-3, Para 3.9

xvii) Details of mineral reserves, geological status of the study area and the seams to be worked, ultimate working depth and progressive stage-wise working scheme until end of mine life should be provided on the basis of the approved rated capacity and calendar plans of production from the approved Mining

Chapter-2, Para 2.3, 2.4, 2.5, 2.6 & 2.9 Chapter-10, Table-10.2, 10.3 & 10.4 Plate-VI, VIA. Annexure- I

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Plan. Geological maps and sections should be included. The progressive mine development Conceptual Final Mine Closure Plan should also be shown in figures. Details of mine plan and mine closure plan approval of Competent Authority should be furnished for green field and expansion projects.

xviii) Details of mining methods, technology, equipment to be used, etc., rationale for selection of specified technology and equipment proposed to be used vis-à-vis the potential impacts should be provided.

Chapter-2, Para 2.5, Chapter 5

xix) Impact of mining on hydrology, modification of natural drainage, diversion and channeling of the existing rivers / water courses flowing though the ML and adjoining the lease/ project and the impact on the existing users and impacts of mining operations thereon.

Chapter-4, Para 4.2

xx) Detailed water balance should be provided. The break-up of water requirement for the various mine operations should be given separately.

Chapter-4, Para 4.2

xxi) Source of water for use in mine, sanction of the competent authority in the State Govt. and impacts vis-à-vis the competing users in the upstream and downstream of the project site should be given.

Chapter-4, Para 4.2

xxii) Impact of mining and water abstraction from the mine on the hydrogeology and ground water regime within the core zone and 10 km buffer zone including long term modeling measures should be provided. Details of rainwater harvesting and measures for recharge of ground water should be reflected in case there is a declining trend of groundwater availability and / or if the area falls within dark / grey zone.

Chapter-4, Para 4.2

xxiii) Impact of blasting, noise and vibrations should be given. Chapter-4, Para 4.3, 4.4

xxiv) Impacts of mining on the AAQ, prediction based on modeling using the ISCST-3 (Revised) or latest model should be provided.

Chapter-4, Para 4.1

xxv) Impacts of mineral transportation within the mining area and outside the lease/ project along with flow-chart indicating the specific areas generating fugitive emissions should be provided. Impacts of transportation, handling, transfer of mineral and waste or air quality, generation of effluents from workshop, etc. management plan for maintenance of HEMM, machinery and other machinery/equipment should be given. Details of various facilities such as rest areas and canteen for workers and effluents/pollution load emanating from these activities should also be provided.

Chapter-2, Para 2.11 & 2.12 Chapter 2 Fig1 Chapter-4, Para 4.8

xxvi) Effort be made to reduce/eliminate road transport of coal inside and outside mine and for mechanized loading of coal through CHP / Silo into wagons and trucks / tippers.

Chapter-2, Para 2.11

xxvii) Details of waste OB and topsoil generated as per the approved calendar programme, and their management shown in figures as well explanatory notes tables giving progressive development and mine closure plan, green belt development, backfilling programme and conceptual post mining land use should be given. OB dump heights and terracing should have based on slope stability studies with a max of 28o angle as the ultimate slope should be given. OB dump heights and terracing based on slope stability studies with a max of 28o angle as the ultimate slope should be given. Sections of final

Chapter-2, Table-2.8 Chapter-10, Table-10.1, 10.2 ,10.3 and 10.4 Plate IX & IXA

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dumps (both longitudinal and cross section) with relation to the adjacent area should be shown.

xxviii) Efforts be made for maximizing progressive internal dumping of O.B, sequential mining, external dump on coal bearing area and later re-handling into the mine void-to reduce land degradation.

Chapter-10 in Land Reclamation Section Para10.1.8.1

xxix) Impact of change in land use due to mining operations and plan for restoration of the mined area to its original land use should be provided.

Chapter-4, Para 4.7

xxx) Progressive green belt and ecological restoration / afforestation plan and selection of species (native) based on original survey / land-use should be given.

Chapter-10, Table 10.3, Table 10.4

xxxi) Conceptual Final Mine Closure Plan and post mining land use and restoration of land / habitat to pre-mining status should be provided. A Plan for the ecological restoration of the mined-out area and post-mining land use should be prepared with detailed cost provisions. Impact and management of wastes and issues of re-handling (wherever applicable) and backfilling and progressive mine closure and reclamation should be furnished.

Chapter-10, Para 10.1 Table 10.1 to 10.6

xxxii) Flow chart of water balance should be provided. Treatment of effluents from workshop, township, domestic wastewater, mine water discharge, etc. should be provided. Details of STP in colony and ETP in mine should be given. Recycling of water to the max possible extent should be done.

Chapter-4, Fig-4.1 & 4.2.

xxxiii) Occupational health issues. Baseline data on the health of the population in the impact zone and measures for occupational health and safety of the personnel and manpower in the mine should be given.

Chapter-2, Para 2.13, Chapter-4, Para 4.9.

xxxiv) Risk Assessment and Disaster Preparedness and Management Plan should be provided.

Chapter-7, Para 7.1

xxxv) Integration of the Env. Management Plan with measures for minimizing use of natural resources water, land, energy, etc. should be carried out.

Chapter-2, Para 2.18

xxxvi) Cost of EMP (capital and recurring) should be included in the project cost and for progressive and final mine closure plan.

Chapter-9, Para 9.1 , 9.8

xxxvii) Details of R&R. Detailed project specific R&R Plan with data on the existing socio-economic status of the population (including tribals, SC/ST, BPL families) found in the study area and broad plan for resettlement of the displaced population, site for the resettlement colony, alternate livelihood concerns / employment for the displaced people, civic and housing amenities being offered, etc. and costs along with the schedule of the implementation of the R&R Plan should be given.

Chapter-3, Para 3.7 Chapter-7, Para 7.2

xxxviii) CSR plan along with details of villages and specific budgetary provisions (capital and recurring) for specific activities over the life of the project should be given.

Chapter-7, Para 7.3 Chapter-9 ,Para-9.2

xxxix) Corporate Environment Responsibility: a) The Company must have a well laid down Environ-

ment Policy approved by the Board of Directors. b) The Environment Policy must prescribe for standard

operating process / procedures to bring into focus any infringements/deviation/violation of the environmental or forest norms/conditions.

c) The hierarchical system or Administrative Order of the company to deal with environmental issues and for

Chapter-6, Para 6.1.4, Chapter-7, Para 7.3

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ensuring compliance with the environmental clearance conditions must be furnished.

d) To have proper checks and balances, the company should have a well laid down system or reporting of non-compliances / violations of environmental norms to the Board of Directors of the company and / or shareholders or stakeholders at large.

xl) Details on Public Hearing should cover the information relating to notices issued in the newspaper, proceedings / minutes of public hearing, the points raised by the general public and commitments made by the proponent and the action proposed with budgets in suitable time frame. These details should be presented should be presented in a tabular form. If the Public Hearing is in the regional language, an authenticated English Translation of the same should be provided.

Chapter-7, para 7.5, Annexure VII

xli) In built mechanism of self-monitoring of compliance of environmental regulations should be indicated.

Chapter-6, Fig.6.1 & 6.2

xlii) Status of any litigations/court cases filed / pending on the project should be provided.

Chapater-2, Para 2.14

xliii) Submission of sample test analysis of Characteristics of coal : This should include details on grade of coal and other characteristics such as ash content, S and heavy metals including levels of Hg, As, Pb, Cr, etc.

Chapter-2, Table 2.9

xliv) Copy of clearances / approvals such as Forestry clearances. Mining Plan Approval, mine closure plan approval. NOC from flood and Irrigation Dept. (if req.), etc. wherever applicable.

Annexure – I , Annexure – II

Total ML/ Project Area in ha

Total Forest Land

Date of FC

Extent of Forest

Balance area for which FC is yet to be obtained

Status of Appl for diversion of Forestland

2290.45 349.709 -- -- 349.709 Application has been made for forest diversion of 349.705 Ha online vide proposal no. FP/OR/MIN/32796/2018

ADDITIONAL CONDITIONS

i) Assessment of Carrying capacity of the surrounding ecosystem

around the proposed Chapter 7 Para 7.8, Annexure VI

ii) A final Mine Closure Plan with appropriate land use pattern akin to pre-mining conditions may be proposed. In case of any future consideration of mining of dip most coal seams deep seated, a mining plan coupled with geological plan may be proposed with detailing.

The same will be complied at the time of Final MCP.

iii) Details of the Court cases relating to compensation and land acquisition to be presented in the EIA/EMP report.

Chapter 2 Para 2.14

iv) The TOR and other approvals shall be subject to the outcome of the Supreme Court of India.

Chapter 7 Para 7.2

v) Approval of the Chief Wild Life Warden and the State Government to be submitted along with the EIA/EMP report.

Annexure III

vi) There shall be no external OB dumps after the mining and that the land shall be brought back up to ground level for use in agricultural purpose.

Chapter 10 Para 10.2(b)

CMPDI

Job No.706124 Proforma, Page - 1

PROFORMA FOR ENVIRONMENTAL APPRAISAL OF MINING PROJECTS

(MINING SECTOR PROJECTS)

Note 1 : All information to be given in the form of Annex/s should be properly numbered and form part of reply to this proforma.

Note 2 : Please enter in appropriate box where answer is Yes / No

Note 3 : No abbreviation to be used – Not available or Not applicable should be clearly mentioned.

Note 4 : Core zone is the mining lease area. Buffer zone in case of ML area upto 25 ha is to be considered as 5 km all around the periphery of the core zone and for ML area above 25 ha an area 10 km all around the periphery of the core zone.

Note 5 : Adopt Scoping process in carrying out EIA study. Note 6 : Please indicate source of data.

1. General information

(a) Name of the project : SIARMAL OCP (50.0 Mty) , (i) Name of the proponent : Project Officer,

Siarmal OCP.

Mailing Address : Mahanadi Coalfields Limited, Office of the General Manager, B-G Area, P.O. Basundhara, Dist: Sundergarh, Odisha, PIN- 770076

E-mail : [email protected], [email protected]

Telephone : 0663-2542084 Fax No. : 0663- 2542257 & 2542844

(b) Objective of the project : To bridge the overall deficit of coal availability over demand of MCL.

(c) Location of mine (s)

Village(s) Tahsil District State

Siarmal, Jhupurunga, Tumlia, Ratansara, Gopalpur and Kulda

Himgir Sundargarh Odisha

(d)

Does the proposal relate to

(i) New mine : Yes (ii) Expansion : No • Increase in ML

area

: No

• Increase in annual production

: No

(iii) Renewal of ML : No (iv) Modernisation : No


CMPDI


(e) Site information (i) Geographical location • Latitude : 22o 01’ 19” to 22o 03’ 59.99” North

• Longitude : 83o 37’ 09” to 83o 42’ 49.58” East

• Survey of India Topo sheet number

: 64 N/12 on RF 1:50,000

• Elevation above Mean Sea Level

: 260-311 metres

• Total mining lease area (in ha) [Total land requirement - (land for reset tle-ment site + land for residential colony)]

: 2290.45 Ha

(ii) Dominant nature of terrain • Flat : No

• Undulated : Yes (gently undulating)

• Hilly : No

2. Land usage of the mining lease area (in ha)

Pre-mining land use

(Area in Ha)

Sl. No

Type of Land Within ML area

1. Agricultural 1382.408

2. Forest 349.709

3. Waste land 126.216

4. Grazing 131.789

5. Surface water bodies 48.227

6. Settlements 44.970

6. Others 207.131

Total for mining lease area : 2290.45

3. Indicate the seismic zone in which ML area falls. In case of zone IV &

V, details of earth quakes in last 10 years.

(a) Severity (Richter scale) : Zone-II and no earth quake has occurred during last 10 years.

(b) Impact, i.e. damage to

• Life : No

• Property : No

• Existing mine : No

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4. Break-up of the mining lease area (in ha) as per approved conceptual plan :

Purpose

Mining lease area Total Area acquired Area to be acquired

Government Private Government Private Government Private

Forest Others Agriculture

Others

Forest Others

Agriculture

Others

Forest Others Agriculture

Others

1. Area to be excavated 249.58 ← 1296.74→ 1546.32 Nil

← Nil →

249.58 ← 1296.74 →

2. Storage for topsoil

---

Initially top soil will be dumped in dip side of

excavation area and will be concurrently

reclaimed in backfilled area.

--- --- ← Nil → ---

Initially top soil will be dumped in dip side of

excavation area and will be concurrently reclaimed in

backfilled area.

3. Overburden / Dumps (external) 17.40

← 368.68 →

386.08 Nil ← Nil

→ 17.40 ← 368.68 →

4. Mineral storage ---

←Included in Item No.5 →

--- --- ← Nil → --- ← Included in Item No.5 →

5. Infrastructure (Workshop, CHP, roads, project office, etc.)

60.799 ← 250.358

→ 311.157 Nil ← Nil → 60.799 ← 250.358 →

6. Rationalization of project boundary and road for diversion

--- ← Nil → Nil ← Nil → ← Nil →

7. Railways (siding) ← Nil → Nil --- ← Nil → --- ← Nil →

8. Green Belt$

9. Tailings pond ← Included in Item No.5 →

10 Effluent treatment plant

11. Coal handling plant

12 Township area Nil ← Nil → Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil ← Nil →

13 Other (specify) (safety zone & Embankment)

21.93 ← 24.962 → 46.892 -- ← Nil

→ 21.93 ← 24.962 →

TOTAL 349.709 ← 2290.449 → 2290.449 Nil ← Nil → 349.709 ← 2290.449 →

N.B: Mining Lease area = (Total land requirement (2580.449 Ha)-((Residential Colony area (70.00 Ha)+Rehabilitation site (140.00 Ha)+diversion of road(28.00 Ha)+Railways(52.00 Ha)) = 2290.45Ha as per the section 3(c) and 3(d) of the MM(R&D) Act, 1957.

CMPDI


5. Township (outside mining lease)

(a) Total area (in ha) : 70.0

(b) No. of dwelling units : 2628Nos.

(c) Distance from mine site : Site of the township will be selected by project officials at the time of construction of building

6. Distance of water bodies (in km)

Distance from River Bank* Other water bodies* Sea / Creek /Lake / nalla etc. (specify)

Mining lease boundary

Basundhara River - Adjacent Chhattar Jhor - Within mine lease area Ichha river – 9.5 km (NE)

Telendra Nallah - Adjacent

Khunisalega Nala : 6.7 km (NW)

Albahalijhor Nala: 4.8 km (W)

Bhaina Jhor: 1.8 km (E)

Budhijhoria Nala: 3.0 km (NW)

Tumikhol Nala : 7.7 km (N)

Ancillary facilities

[* from highest flood line/high tide line]

7. For projects falling within the Coastal Regulation Zone (CRZ)

Whether the mineral to be mined is of rare nature and not available outside CRZ?

: No

If yes, annex a scaled location map showing low tide line (LTL), high tide line (HTL) duly demarcated by one of the authorized agencies* [ *Director, Space Application Centre, Ahmedabad; Centre for Earth Sciences Studies, Thiruvananthapuram; Institue of Remote Sensing, Anna University, Chennai; Institute of Wetland Management & Ecological Designs, Kolkata: Naval Hydrographers’s Office, Dehradun: National Institute of Oceanography, Pajim, Goa: and National Institute of Ocean Technology, Chennai], boundary of mining lease area, distance of ML area from LTL and HTL CRZ boundary and CRZ classifiation of the project area as per the approved Coastal Zone Management Plan, and settlements, sand dunes, mangroves, forest land/patches, turtles breeding and nesting sites, etc., if any, in the project area.

8. Indicate aerial distance from the periphery of core zone/area from the

periphery of buffer zone to the boundary of following (upto 10 km):

Sl.# Areas Name

Aerial distance from (in km)

Core zone* Buffer zone*

1. National park / Sanctuary NIL NIL NIL

CMPDI


Sl.# Areas Name

Aerial distance from (in km)

Core zone* Buffer zone*

2. Biosphere Reserve / Tiger Reserve / Elephant Reserve / any other Reserve

NIL NIL NIL

3. Forest (RF / PF / unclassified) Garjanpahar RF

Jamkani RF

Ghogarpali RF

Lalma RF

Kalatpani RF

Balijori RF

Jhatikhol RF

Adjacent 2.0 km

2.0 km

2.0 km

4.5 km 8.0 km

5.0 km

4. Habitat for migratory birds Nil Nil Nil

5. Corridor for animals of Schedule I & II of the Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972

Nil Nil Nil

6. Archaeological sites

Notified

Others

Nil Nil Nil

7. Defence Installation None Nil Nil

8. Industries/Thermal power plants None Nil Nil

9. Other mines Basundhara (W) OC

Kulda OC

Basundhara (W) Extn

Basundhara (E)

Garjanbahal OCP

Adjacent

3.0 km

Adjacent

Adjacent

8.0 km

10. Airport Veer Surendra Sai Airport Jharsuguda

70 km Nil

11. Railway lines Himgir railway station on Mumbai-Howrah line of South Eastern railway .

35 km

12. National / State Highway SH 10 2.0 km

[* Buffer zone in case of ML area up to 25 ha, is to be considered as 5 km all around the periphery of the core zone and for ML area above 25 ha, an area 10 km all around the periphery of the core zone]

9. Description of flora & fauna separately in the core and buffer zones@ [@ Consult the Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972 as amended subsequently and list species

with (1) Common name (2) Scientific name and (3) under which schedule of the Wildlife (Protection) Act the identified species fall. Get the list authenticated by an Expert in the field / credible scientific institute/ University / Chief Wildlife Warden office. Information to be based on field survey.]

Source:. Source: Field Study (for flora & fauna) for Siarmal OCP (50 Mty) was done by M/s

VRDS Consultants, Chennai. The study was conducted during March 2018 to May 2018 by Dr. P. Santhan (Botanist) and Dr. S.R. Gawai.

CMPDI


A

.

Flora Core Zone Buffer Zone

1. Agricultural crops (Vegetables)

Amaranthushybridus L. Capsicum annum L. Citrus limon (L.) Burm f CoriandrumsativumL. Cucurbita maxima Duch ex Lam. Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam. Lagenariasiceraria (Molina) Standl Luffaacutangula (L.) Roxb. Luffacylindrica (L.) M.Roem. LycopersicumesculentumL. MomordicacharantiaL. RhapanussativusL. SolanummelongenaL. TrichosanthesdioicaRoxb.

Amaranthushybridus L. Capsicum annum L. Citrus limon (L.) Burm f CoriandrumsativumL. Cucurbita maxima Duch ex Lam. Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam. Lagenariasiceraria(Molina) Standl Luffaacutangula (L.) Roxb. Luffacylindrica (L.) M.Roem. LycopersicumesculentumL. MomordicacharantiaL. RhapanussativusL. SolanummelongenaL. TrichosanthesdioicaRoxb. ZingiberofficinaleRoscoe

2. Commerical crops

Brassica nigra (L.) K.Koch

CicerarietinumL. Oryza sativa L. SesamumorientaleL. Zea mays L.

Brassica nigra (L.) K.Koch

CicerarietinumL. Oryza sativa L. SesamumorientaleL. Zea mays L.

3. Plantation Chapter-3, EIA/EMP Table 3.63 Chapter-3, EIA/EMP Table 3.63

4. Natural vegetation / forest type

Chapter-3, EIA/EMP Table 3.61 Chapter-3, EIA/EMP Table 3.61

5. Grass lands Chapter-3, EIA/EMP Table 3.62 Chapter-3, EIA/EMP Table 3.62

6. Endangered species

None None

7. Endemic species

None None

8. Others (specify) (Type of trees)

Chapter-3, EIA/EMP Table 3.61 Chapter-3, EIA/EMP Table 3.61

B.

Fauna Core Zone Buffer Zone

1. Total listing of faunal elements

Chapter-3,Table 3.65 Chapter-3,Table 3.65


None None

3. Endemic species

None None

4. Migratory species

None None

5. Details of aquatic fauna, if applicable

Chapter-3,Table 3.66 Chapter-3,Table.3.66

The details of flora and fauna are are given in Chapter – III of EIA / EMP.

CMPDI


10. Details of mineral reserves (as per approved Mining Plan)

Quantity (in million tonnes)

(a) Proved : 1895.43

(b) Indicated : --

(c) Inferred : ---

(d) Mineable reserves : 1618.21(Extractable reserve 1547.82)

11. Major geological formation / disturbances in the mining lease area

(a) Geological maps submitted

: Yes [Plate No.- VI]

(b) Geological sections submitted

: Yes [Plate No.- VIA]

(c) Contour map submitted : Yes [Plate No.- VII]

(d) Whether the presence, if any, noted of

i. Faults : Yes

ii. Dykes : No

iii. Shear zone : Yes

iv. Folds : No

v. Other weak zones@ : Yes

(e) Source of data (Indicate) : Geological Report & Mining Plan prepared by CMPDI

12. Production of mineral(s) and life of mine

(a) Rated capacity of mine mineral wise (MT/annum)

: 50.0

(b) Life of mine at proposed capacity (Years)

: 38

(c) Lease period (Years) : Throughout the mine life

(d) Date of expiry of lease (D/M/Y)

: Not applicable

(e) Indicate in case of existing mine

: Not Applicable

i. Date of opening of mine

: Not Applicable

ii. Production in the last 5 years

: Not Applicable

iii. Projected production for the next 5 years

: Not Applicable

iv. Whether mining was suspended after opening of the mine ?

: Not Applicable

CMPDI


If yes, details thereof including last production figure and reason for the same

:

(f) Whether plans & sections provided ?

: Yes. Plate No.-II – Surface Master Plan Plate No.- VI- Geological Plan Plate No.-VIA - Geological Cross-section Plate No.-VII – Contour Plantation Plate No.- VIII- Mine stage plan end of 10th year Plate No.- VIII A - Mine stage plan end of 18th year Plate No.- VIII B- Mine stage plan end of 24h year Plate No.- IX- Final stage Dump plan

13. Type and method of mining operations

Type Method

Opencast : Yes Manual : Not applicable

Underground : No Semi-mechanized : Not applicable

Both : Not applicable

Mechanized : Yes ( Surface Miner &

Shovel Dumper combination)

14. Details of ancillary operations for mineral processing

(a) Existing : Not applicable

(b) Additional : Not applicable

15. Mine details

(a) Opencast mine (i) Stripping ratio (mineral in tonnes to

overburden in m3) : 1.47

(ii) Ultimate working depth (in m bgl) : 360.00 (iii) Indicate present working depth in case of

existing mine (in m bgl) : Not Applicable

(iv) Thickness of topsoil (in m) ▪ Minimum

▪ Maximum

▪ Average

: : :

0.20

0.30

0.25

(v) Thickness of overburden (in m)

• Minimum

• Maximum

• Average

: : :

45.55

257.87

150

(vi) Mining Plan

• Height and width of the bench in overburden / waste.

• Height and width of the bench in orebody / coal seam (Surface Miner)

: :

Height Width

10-12 m 24-36m

Height Width

10m 50m

CMPDI


• Proposed inclination / slope of the sides of the opencast mine (separately for overburden, coal/ ore and overall slope of the pit sides) both while operating the mine as well as at the time of closure of the mine.

• Whether transverse sections across the open-cast mine at the end of fifth year and at the end of the life of the mine have been submitted ?

: :

Working bench slope angle, Coal - 70o Working bench slope angle, OB-70o Overall pit slope at the closure of mine - 37o

Submitted for Mine closure (Plate no.- IX A)

(vii) Type of blasting, if any, to be adopted : Control Blasting using SMS

(b) Underground mines :

(i) Seam/ore body : Min.Depth (m)

Max. Depth

(m)

Avg. Thickness

(m)

Rate of dip in

degree

Direction of dip

Not applicable

(ii) Mode of entry into the mine

▪ Shaft ▪ Adit ▪ Incline

: : :

Not applicable

(iii) Details of machinery

▪ On surface

▪ At face

▪ For transportation

▪ Others

: : : :

Not applicable

(iv) Method of stoping (metalliferous mines)

▪ Open

▪ Filled

▪ Shrinkage

▪ Caving

▪ Combination of above

▪ Others (specify)

: : : : : :

Not applicable

(v) Extraction method

• Caving

• Stowing

• Partial extraction

Not applicable

: : :

CMPDI


(vi) Subsidence

▪ Predicted max. subsidence (in m) ▪ Max. value of tensile strain (in

mm/m) ▪ Max. slope change (in mm/m) ▪ Whether identified possible

subsidence area (s) superimposed on Surface Plan has been submitted ?

▪ Major impacts on surface features like natural drainage pattern, houses, buildings, water bodies, roads, forest, etc.

▪ Salient features of subsidence management (monitoring and control)

: : : : : :

Not applicable

16. Surface drainage pattern at mine site

(a) Whether the pre-mining surface drainage plan submitted?

: Yes (Plate No.-V)

(b) Do you propose any modification/diversion in the existing natural drainage pattern at any stage ? if yes, when. Provide location map indicating contours, dimensions of water body to be diverted, direction of flow of water and proposed route/ changes, if any i.e. realignment of river/nullah/any other water body falling within core zone and its impact.

: Yes* (Plate – II)

* Diversion of Chattanjhor nalla located in the eastern boundary of the boundary of the project.

17. Embankment and / or weir construction

(a) Do you propose, at any stage, construction of : (i) Embankment for protection against flood

?

: Yes

(ii) Weir for water storage for the mine ? : No

(b) If so, provide details thereof. : Embankment is proposed along Telendra Nalla , Chattanjhor and Basundhara River for protection against flood.

(c) Impact of embankment on HFL and settlement around.

: Not applicable

(d) Impact of weir on down-stream users of water. : Not applicable

CMPDI


18. Vehicular traffic density (outside the ML area)

Type of vehicles No. of vehicles per day

(a) Existing : Not Applicable

(b) After the proposed activity : Two wheelers Light Motor Vehicles

Heavy Vehicles (Tippers)

1686

95

399

(c) Whether the existing road network is adequate? If no, provide details of alternative proposal ?

: Yes

19. Loading, transporation and unloading of mineral and waste rocks on surface :

(a) Manual : No

(b) Tubs, mine cars, etc. : No

(c) Scraper, shovels, dumpers/trucks : Yes (shovel, dumper and tippers) (d) Conveyors (belt, chain, etc.) : No

(e) Others (specify) : Surface Miner for coal winning

20. Mineral(s) transporation outside the ML area

Qty. (in TPD) Percentage (%)

Length (in km)

(a) Road : --- ---

(b) Rail Conveyors (Pipe)

: 151515

100

Power House

(c) :

(d) Ropeway : --- ---

(e) Waterways : --- ---

(f) Pipeline : --- ---

(g) Others (specify) : --- ---

Total : 151515 100

CMPDI


21. Baseline meteorological & air quality data

(a) Micro-meteorological data (Continuous monitoring through autographic instrument for one full season other than monsoon)

(i)Windrose pattern for one full season (16 points of compass, i.e. N, NNE, NE,) based on 24-hourly data. For coastal area also furnish day-time and night-time data

Details given in Chapter III.

• Day time : Not applicable

• Night time : Not applicable

• 24 hours period : Provided in the table given below

Wind rose diagram for 04-11-17 to 03-02-18 , based on 16 points of compass i.e N, NNE,

NE, etc. and based on 24 hourly data is given below.

(Predominant wind direction is from S to N)

CMPDI


(ii) Site specific monitored data

Month

Wind Speed (kmph) Temperature (OC) Relative Humidity (%) Rain Fall$ (mm)

Cloud Cover@

(Octas of the sky)

Mean Max % of Calm

Mean (Dry Bulb)

Highest Lowest Mean

Highest

Lowest

Total 24 hrs Highes

t

No. of Rainy Days

Mean

14.11.17 to 30.11.17

0 6.48

83.47

23.30 34.06 12.97 73.19 94.62 27.82 NIL NIL NIL 1

01.12.17 to 31.12.17

3.6 20.08 19.37 32.92 7.77 73.11 94.83 24.16 6.8 6.8 NIL 2

01.01.18 to 31.01.18

3.6 21.6 19.65 38.9 8.84 67.19 94.76 14.28 18.2 17.2 2 2

01.02.18 to 03.02.18

3.6 14.4 31.01 38.9 22.3 38.15 74.66 16.06 Nil Nil Nil 2

*24 hrs rainfall should be reported from 08:30 hrs IST of previous day to 08:30 hrs IST of the day. $ Rainy day is considered when 24 hrs rainfall is ≥ 2.5 mm. @ Visual observations of cloud cover should be recorded four times a day at regular intervals.

(iii) Indicate name and distance of the nearest IMD meteorological station from which climatological data have been obtained for reporting in the EIA report, if any.

Data collected from IMD, Bhubaneswar for Jharsuguda

(Distance between proposed site & Jharsuguda – 75 km)

CMPDI


(b) Ambient air quality data* (RPM, SPM, SO2, NOX) [* Monitoring should be carried out covering one full season except monsoon - same season as in 21 (a) (i)]

[* Frequency of sampling: Sampling to be done twice a week for the entire season 24 hourly for SPM & RPM. For gaseous pollutants 24 hourly data

be given irrespective of the sampling period.]

i. Season & period for which monitoring has been carried out

: Season – Period – 04.11.17 to 03.02.18.

ii. No. of samples collected at each monitoring station

: 24 samples each for PM10,PM2.5 ,SO2,NOx as per CPCB guidelines.

PM10 PM2.5 SO2 NOX

Name of monitoring equipment used

RDS RDS RDS with gaseous sampling attachment and

spectrophotometer

RDS with gaseous sampling attachment and

spectrophotometer Equipment sensitivity AS per IS:5182

(Part-IV)-1973 AS per IS:5182 (Part-IV)-1973

AS per IS:5182 (Part-II)-1969

AS per IS:5182 (Part-VI)-1975

Permissible AAQ standard

(CPCB) ( g/m3)

Residential

100 60 80 80

Industrial 100 60 80 80 Sensitive 100 60 80 80

Monitoring Location

Category* (R,I,S)

Min. Max. 98% tile

Min. Max. 98% tile

Min. Max. 98% tile

Min. Max. 98% tile

Gopalpur I 62.65 90.76 90.08 24.89 54.54 54.045 10.40 23.60 23.3 15.90 32.70 32.6 Siarmal I 66.70 90.20 89.9 20.99 56.80 54.3 9.10 23.40 22.35 14.50 34.50 32.5 Rampia R 65.76 85.40 85 26.66 50.65 50.27 8.50 21.70 21.05 8.40 30.90 30.25 Sumura R 60.65 82.60 81.795 27.60 44.78 44.19 13.87 17.09 17.035 25.32 27.86 27.83

Kanikalan R 64.47 91.22 89.71 33.89 56.74 55.7 8.56 21.10 20.48 11.80 29.33 32.41 Barpali R 60.70 89.90 88.8 24.56 53.50 49.075 8.55 21.33 20.915 14.21 32.41 31.025

Kaurikalan R 64.88 94.80 92.73 24.78 57.87 57.71 9.60 20.30 19.955 14.66 30.60 30.55 Garjanjore R 65.60 93.44 91.49 26.77 57.87 54.26 10.88 14.98 14.79 18.98 23.80 23.75 Mundelkhet R 65.87 90.30 90.25 28.55 55.90 52.94 9.99 21.71 21.29 16.39 30.22 30.01 Ghogharpali R 67.00 90.70 90.05 28.77 52.65 50.76 15.20 17.99 17.895 26.95 34.89 33.56

* R=Residential ; I=Industrial ; S=Sensitive;

CMPDI


# Annex a location map indicating location of AAQ stations, their direction & disdtance w.r.t project site

: Given in Plate No.-XI. For distance and direction w.r.t. project site/core zone, the details are given below :

AAQ Stations

SI. No.

Location Name Coordinates of the Location Classified

Area Distance/Direction

In Km Latitude Longitude 1.0 Gopalpur 22003’26”N 83042’15”E Core Zone --- 2.0 Siarmal 22002’55”N 83044’34”E Core Zone --- 3.0 Rampia 22006’47”N 83041’2”E Buffer Zone 7.8,NW 4.0 Sumura 22006’36’’N 83042’13’’E Buffer Zone 5.57 N 5.0 Kanikalan 22005’34”N 83045’24”E Buffer Zone 7.6,NE 6.0 Barpali 22002’13”N 83046’49”E Buffer Zone 8.40, E 7.0 Kaurikalan 2200’10.44”N 83042’2.98”E Buffer Zone 5.20,SE 8.0 Garjanjore 2202’4’’N 83037’40’’E Buffer Zone 3.83 W 9.0 Mundelkhet 2203’47’’N 83037’40’’E Buffer Zone 4.22 NW 10.0 Ghogharpali 2205’11’’N 83038’47’’E Buffer Zone 3.47 NW

22. Stack and emission details, if any*

Sl.No.

Process/unit of operation (eg. DG set, Boiler)

Height of stack (m)

Internal top dia.

(m)

Flue Gas exit velocity (m/sec)

Emission rate (kg/h) Heat emission rate from top of

stack (kcal/h)

Exhaust /Flue gas

SPM SO2 NOx CO Temp Oc Density Specific Heat

Volumetric flow rate (m3/h)

Not applicable as there is no stack in this project

23. Details of fugitive emissions during mining operations* : Non-point specific / fugitive emission sources from this project are:

-- Operation of coal winning and overburden removal. -- Drilling and blasting operations -- Haul road of paved and unpaved types. -- Wind erosion from coal stock piles, benches and overburden dumps.

CMPDI


24. Air quality impact prediction (AQIP)* ---

(a) Details of model(s) used for AQIP including grid size, terrain features and input meteorological data

:

AERMOD has been used for AQIP using site specific micro-meteorological data (hourly data for one complete season i.e. 4th Nov 2017 to 3rd Feb 2018) and emission rates have been estimated by using the empirical formulae developed from the study of Coal S & T conducted by the Central Mining Research Institute (CMRI), Dhanbad which was sanctioned by the MoEF, Govt. of India, and few empirical formulae from USEPA. The model was applied with control measures and It has been observed that the predicted absolute values of PM10 and PM2.5 levels is well within permissible limit. Maximum incremental GLC values of PM10 and PM2.5 based on prediction exercise was observed as 60.01 g/ m3 and 10.04 g/ m3.

(b) Maximum incremental GLC values of pollutants based on prediction excercise

:

(in g/ m3)

Sl.No. Pollutants Incremental value Ambient air quality Resultant air quality

1 2** 3**

SPM SO2 NOx

The details are given below.

[* Question Number 22, 23 & 24 need not be filled-in for mines having ML area of 25 ha. or less.], [** Information on Item No. 2 & 3 to be provided in cases with captive power generation of 500 KVA and above].

CMPDI


Baseline Stations

Distance from boundary and direction from center of Core

Zone

Measured PM10

(Average)

Predicted incre. PM10 using

AQIP

Predicted absolute PM10

With control measures


(i) (iii) (i)+(iii) Gopalpur 1.1,N 75.33 56.14 131.47 Siarmal 2.7,E 75.24 60.01 135.25 Rampia 7.8,NW 75.30 8.98 84.28 Sumura 5.57 N 73.20 3.49 76.69 Kanikalan 7.6,NE 76.91 0.26 77.17 Barpali 8.40, E 74.05 6.02 80.07 Kaurikalan 5.20,SE 78.58 2.06 80.64 Garjanjore 3.83 W 76.60 2.56 79.16 Mundelkhet 4.22 NW 78.58 9.88 88.46 Ghogharpali 3.47 NW 79.42 5.62 85.04

Baseline Stations

Distance from boundary and direction from

center of Core Zone

Measured PM2.5

(Average)

Predicted incre. PM2.5 using AQIP

Predicted absolute PM2.5



(i) (iii) (i)+(iii)

Gopalpur 1.1,N 34.57 10.04 44.61 Siarmal 2.7,E 35.95 7.24 43.19 Rampia 7.8,NW 36.50 0.94 37.44 Sumura 5.57 N 33.28 0.32 33.60 Kanikalan 7.6,NE 45.67 0.03 45.70 Barpali 8.40, E 33.59 0.64 34.23 Kaurikalan 5.20,SE 38.20 0.18 38.38 Garjanjore 3.83 W 36.73 0.35 37.08 Mundelkhet 4.22 NW 37.19 0.69 37.88 Ghogharpali 3.47 NW 38.15 0.64 38.79

25. Water requirement (m3/day)

Purpose Avg. Demand

Peak Demand for

(50 Mty)

A. Mine Site

1. Mine operation (Washing of dumpers, dozers and floor washing)

-- 1018.0

2. Land reclamation -- ---

3. Dust suppression (including road watering)

-- 4500.0

4. Drinking 170.0

5. Green Belt -- ---

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6. Beneficiation ---

7. Washeries -- ---

8. Fire Service 2250.0

9. Others (specify) -- 732.0

B. Township

1. Green belt --

2. Domestic -- 2034.0

3. Others (specify) ---

Total -- 10704.0

26. Source of water supply@

Sl. No.

Source m3/day

1. River(name) : The potable water requirement will be met through the weir constructed over Basundhara river till Integrated Water Supply Scheme (IWSS) for the project is implemented.

2204

2. Groundwater ---

3. Mine water (sump/pit) 8500@

4. Other surface water bodies (specify) : ---

[@Industrial water demand will be met from Basundhara River till mine voids of proposed mine is developed for storming mine water.

27. Lean season flow in case of pumping : Not applicable

from river/nullah (cumec) [Basundhara River] 28. Groundwater potential of the study area : 32.92 Mm3/annum (Sundergarh District)

(Source: CGWB, Eastern Region, Bhubaneswar).

28.1 Ground water availablility

(a) Range of water table (m bgl)

(i) Pre-monsoon (April/May)

• Core Zone : less than 2.90m bgl to about 7.40 m bgl

• Buffer Zone : less than 1.18m bgl to about 12.50m bgl

(ii) Post-monsoon (November)

• Core Zone : less than 1.34 m bgl to about 2.40 m bgl

• Buffer Zone : less than 0.28m bgl to about 7.79m bgl

(b) Total annual replenishable recharge$ (million m3 /

year)

• By rainfall infiltration factor method : 63.17Mm3

(c) Annual draft excluding estimated draft through mine discharge (million m3

/ year) : 4.74

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(d) Estimated draft through mine discharge (million m3

/ year) : 5.34

(e) Net annual ground water availability (million m3 /

year) : 53.09

(f) Stage of ground water development in % : 15.96 $ Considering the area within 10 km radius from the periphery of the project.

28.2 Water demand - Competing users of the water source

Sl. No.

Usage Present Consumption

(m3/day)

Proposed Consumption

as per local plan

(m3/day)

Total (m3/day)

Surface Ground Surface Ground Surface Ground

1. Domestic IB river is a tributary of Mahanadi river. This river has sufficient flow to meet the demand of irrigation,industry and domestic requirement besides other needs. The annual average total river run-off or flow is 4124Mm3.

2. Irrigation

3. Industry

4. Mining

(i) Industrial Nil Nil 8500 Nil 8500* Nil

(ii) Domestic Nil Nil 2207 Nil 2207* Nil

5. Others (specify) Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil

Total : Nil Nil 10704 Nil 10704* 5015

[*Industrial water demand will be met from Basundhara River till mine voids of proposed mine is developed for storming mine water. Domestic water demand will be met through the weir constructed over Basundhara river till Integrated Water Supply Scheme (IWSS) for the project is implemented)

29 Water quality*

(a) Annex physico-chemical analysis of water at intake point** : Given below

Project / OCP Siarmal

Monitoring Station Jhupranga Tumulia Siarmal Balbaspur Indian Drinking

Standards (IS-10500):2012

Dt. of sampling 11.01.18 11.01.18 11.01.18 11.01.18 Acceptable Permissible

Colour(Hazen) <5 <5 <5 <5 5 15

Odour Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable

Taste Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable

Turbidity(NTU) 1 1.2 1.5 1.16 1 5

pH 7.39 7.25 7.23 7.14 6.5-8.5 No

relaxation Total

Alkalinity(mg/L) 244 280 124 104 200 600

Total Hardness(mg/L)

284 340 148 124 200 600

Iron(mg/L) 0.13 0.20 0.08 0.15 0.3 No

CMPDI



Monitoring Station Jhupranga Tumulia Siarmal Balbaspur Indian Drinking

Standards (IS-10500):2012

relaxation

Chloride(mg/L) 40 118 32 28 250 1000 Residual Free chlorine(mg/L)

<0.5 <0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 1

Total Dissolve Solid(mg/L)

364 490 204 152 500 2000

Calcium(mg/L) 60.8 105.6 38.4

24 75 200

Copper(mg/L) <0.04 <0.04 <0.04 <0.04 0.05 1.5

Manganese(mg/L) <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 0.1 0.3

Sulphate(mg/L) 32.4 384 25.1 20.3 200 400

Nitrate(mg/L) 17.4 19.4 13.6 8.10 45 No

relaxation

Fluoride(mg/L) 0.46 0.40 0.24 0.32 1 1.5

Selenium(mg/L) <0.002 <0.002 <0.002 <0.002 0.01 No

relaxation

Arsenic(mg/L) <0.008 <0.008 <0.008 <0.008 0.01 0.05

Lead(mg/L) <0.009 <0.009 <0.009 <0.009 0.01 No

relaxation

Zinc(mg/L) 0.17 0.25 0.23 0.21 5 15

Total Chromium(mg/L)

<0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 0.5 No

relaxation Phenolics(mg/L) <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 0.001 0.002

Cadmium(mg/L) <0.0005 <0.0005 <0.0005 <0.0005 0.003 No

relaxation

(b) In case of existing mine, annex report on quality of water discharge : Given below

i.e. complete physico-chemical analysis **

NAME OF THE STATION Mine Discharge of

Kulda Mine

MoEF-Sch-VI Standards(In-Land

Surface water)

Date 11.01.18

Colour Acceptable Acceptable

Odour Unobjectionable Unobjectionable

Temperature(oC) 23.9

Shall not exceed 5 oC above the receiving

temperature

Nitrate Nitrogen(mg/L) 1.24 10

BOD [3 days at 27oC] (mg/L) 28 30

Arsenic(mg/L) <0.002 0.2

Lead(mg/L) <0.005 0.1

Hexavalent Chromium(mg/L) <0.01 0.1

CMPDI


Total Chromium(mg/L) 0.03 2

Copper(mg/L) <0.05 3

Zinc(mg/L) 0.21 5

Selenium(mg/L) <0.002 0.05

Cadmium(mg/L) <0.0005 2

Nickel(mg/L) <0.03 3

Fluoride(mg/L) 1.64 2

Phenolic Compound(mg/L) <0.001 1

Manganese(mg/L) <0.02 2

Iron(mg/L) 1.24 3

Dissolved Phosphate(mg/L) 0.39 5

pH 7.30 5.5-9.0

Oil & Grease - 10

TSS 46.10 100

COD 96.0 250

[* For non-discharging mines at least four ground water samples to be taken preferably from downstream direction of the mine in pre-monsoon and post-monsoon periods and analysed. For discharging mines six samples are to be analysed.] ** All parameters as per BIS 10500, Indicate name of methodology, Equipment used for analysis and Detection Level (DL) for each parameter. *** Wherever any analytical parameter is below detection level, “BDL” (Below Detection Level) should be written instead of ‘NIL’.

Methodology & Instruments used for Water Quality Analysis:

Sl.

No. Parameters Method Instruments

Physical Parameter

1. PH IS 3025 (PART 11) : 1983 ,

Electrometric

pH meter

2. Turbidity IS 3025 (PART10) : 1984,

Nephlometric

Nephloturbidity meter

3. Temperature IS 3025 (PART 09) : 1984,

Thermometric

Temperature Probe

4. Taste IS 3025 (PART 07) : 1984, Physical -

5. Odour IS 3025 (PART 05) : 1983 , Physical -

6. Colour APHA 22nd Edition, 2120 C single

wavelength method, platinum cobalt

method

VIS 6100

Spectrophotometer

CMPDI


7. Total suspended

solids

IS 3025 (PART 17) : 1984,

Gravimetric

Hot Air Oven, Electronic

balance

8. Total dissolved

solids

IS 3025 (PART 16) : 1984,

Gravimetric


balance

In organic Parameters

9. Nitrate APHA 22nd Edition UV Spectrophotometer

10. Nitrate nitrogen APHA 22nd Edition UV Spectrophotometer

11. Ammonical

Nitrogen

IS 3025 (PART 34) : 1988, TKN Analyser

12. Total kjeldhal

Nitrogen

IS 3025 (PART 34) : 1988 TKN Analyser

13.

Total residual

chlorine

IS 3025 (PART 26) : 1986 Chloroscope, Burette,

Pipette

14. Calcium IS 3025 (PART 32) : 1988,EDTA

Titrimetric Method

Burette, Pipette

15. Chloride IS 3025 (PART 32) : 1988,

Reaffirmed 2014 Argentometric

method

Burette, Pipette

16. Fluoride APHA 22nd Edition VIS 6100

Spectrophotometer

17. Total Alkalinity IS 3025 (PART 23) : 1986, Titration

Method

Burette, Pipette

18. Total hardness IS 3025 (PART 21) : 1983, EDTA

Volumeric Method

Burette, Pipette

19. Dissolved

phosphate

APHA 22nd Edition , Page 4-

163:4500P C.

Vanadomolybdophosphoric acid

colorimetric method

VIS 6100

Spectrophotometer

20. DO IS 3025 (PART 38) : 1989, Winkler

Azide Method

Burette, Pipette

21. Sulfate APHA 22nd Edition , Turbidity

Method

VIS 6100

Spectrophotometer

Trace Metals

22. Arsenic APHA 22nd Edition , AAS-VGA

Method

Atomic Absorption

Spectrophotometer(AAS)

CMPDI


23. Lead APHA 22nd Edition , AAS-GTA

Method

Atomic Absorption


24. Hexavalent

chromium

APHA 22nd Edition, colorimetric

method

VIS 6100

Spectrophotometer

25. Total Chromium IS 3025 (PART 52) : 2003,AAS-

Flame Method

Atomic Absorption


26. Copper IS 3025 (PART 42) : 1992, AAS-

Flame Method

Atomic Absorption


27. Zinc IS 3025 (PART 49) : 1994, AAS-

Flame Method

Atomic Absorption


28. Selenium IS 3025 (PART 56) : 2003,AAS-VGA

Method

Atomic Absorption


29. Cadmium APHA 22nd Edition ,AAS-GTA

Method

Atomic Absorption


30. Manganese APHA 22nd Edition ,AAS-Flame

Method

Atomic Absorption


31. Iron IS 3025 (PART 53) : 2003,AAS-

Flame Method

Atomic Absorption


32. Boron APHA 22nd Edition , Carmine

Method

VIS 6100

Spectrophotometer

General Organics & Trace Organics

33. O&G IS 3025 (PART 39) : 1991, Partition

gravimetric method


Balance

34. BOD IS 3025 (PART 44) : 1993.3 day

incubation

BOD Incubator

35. Phenolics APHA 22nd Edition ,4- Amino

antipyrene Method

-

30. Impact on ground water regime / stream / lake / springs due to mine dewatering*

(a) Radius of influence (in m) [To be estimated based on analysis of pumping test data and application of empirical formula]

: Ranges from 150 m

(b) Whether saline water ingress will take place?

(applicable to coastal areas) : No

(c) Impact on stream / lake / springs : Dealt in para 4.2.1 of EIA/EMP Report

CMPDI


[* Provide a comprehensive hydro-geological assessment report if the

average mine dewatering is more than 100 m3/day and or going below water

table in non-monsoon period. The report should be based on preferably

latest one year pre-monsoon and post-monsoon baseline data covering

information on ground water situation, aquifer characteristics, water level

conditions (April – May and November), estimate of ground water resources,

predicted impact of the project on ground water regime and detailed remedial

/ conservation measures such as artificial recharge of ground water etc. The

report should be based on actual field inventory out of existing wells, at least

30 observation wells in the buffer zone with supplementary information from

secondary sources (mentioned name). For estimation** of ground water

resource (refer Question No.28 above) be designated study area of the

buffer zone may be sub-divided into command and non-command areas,

watershed-wise (in case of hard rock / consolidated formations) / block-wise /

mandal-wise in case of alluvial / unconsolidated formations)].

[** For estimating ground water resources in the area follow the Ground

Water Estimation Committee recommendations of 1997]

31. Waste water management

Mine

(a) Daily average discharge (m3/day) from different sources

(i) Mine water discharge during

▪ Lean period

▪ Monsoon period

: :

2054.00 8849.00

(ii) Workshop (Equipment & floor washing) : 1400

(iii) Domestic (including service building) : 1760

(iv) Beneficiation / Washeries : NIL

(v) Coal Handling Plant : NIL

(vi) Tailings Pond : NIL

(vii) Others (specify) : NIL

Total Lean period Mosoon Peiod

: 5214.0 m3/day

12009.0 m3/day

The make of water of the mine will be recycl:ed to the extent possible and the remaining water will be kept in different sumps / lower benches of the project.

(b) Waste water treatment plant; flow sheet for treatment process attatched.

: Yes

CMPDI


Proposed Flow Sheet for Domestic Effluent Treatment Plant & Industrial Effluent Treatment Plant is given below.

Pump(s)

Pump(s)

Aeration Tank Clarifier

Overflow

Sludge Drying Bed(s)

Underf

low

to

Aera

tion T

ank

Sludge for disposal as

farmyard manure

Domestic effluent from

residential colony

Screen Channel

Collection Well

Flow Sheet for Domestic Effluent Treatment Plant

Oil and Grease Trap

Manual recovery

of oil & grease

Flash Mixer

Mine discharge water

(from mine sump)

Settling Tank

Settling Tank

Settling Tank

Settling Tank

Treated Water Tank

Water for reuse for

industrial purpose

Flow Sheet for Intragrated Treatment Plant for Mine Discharge Water and Industrial Effluent

Industrial effluent

from workshop

Fig.-I

Treated

effluent for

irrigation of

gardens

Coagulant dozing

Pump(s)

CMPDI


(c) Quantity of water recycled/reused/to be recycled in

:

(i) Percentage Lean Period : Monsoon Period :

24.16 %

100.00 %

As this is a new mine every effort will be made to total recycle/reuse the treated effluents to the extent possible by storing in lowlying area as a step for “water harvesting” except in unusual situation in monsoon season.

(ii)

m3/day

8500.0

(d) Point of final discharge :

Final Point Quantity discharged (in m3/day)

1. Surface

(i) Agricultural land

(ii) Waste land

(iii) Forest land

(iv) Green belt

| | | Nil | |

2. River / nullah

Nil $(monsoon period) Nil$ (lean period)

3. Lake Nil

4. Sea Nil

5. Others (specify) Nil

Total Nil $ The treated waste water will be totally recycled except in unusual

situation as a step for harvesting water.

(e)

Users of discharge water

i. Human : No ii. Livestock : No iii. Irrigation : No iv. Industry : Yes v. Others (specify) : Nil

(f) Details of the river / nullah, if final effluent is / will be discharged (cumec) (Basundhara river)

i. Average flow rate : ---- ii. Lean season flow rate : ---- iii. Aquatic life : Exists (seasonal) iv. Analysis of river water 100 metres

upstream and 100 metres downstream of discharge point.

: Given in the next page

CMPDI


SURFACE WATER QUALITY DATA

Project/OCP Siarmal Siarmal Siarmal Siarmal

NAME OF STATIONS

Gadwar pond

Tikaripara

Pond

Telendih Nallah

Basundhara Nallah

Date of sampling 11/1/2018 11/1/2018 11/1/2018 11/1/2018

pH 7.12 7.67 7.19 7.20

Dissolved Oxygen(mg/L)

5.2 5.7 5.0 5.1

BOD (3 days 27oc(mg/L)

<2 <2 <2 <2

Color (Hazen unit)

<5 <5 10 <5

Total disolved solids (mg/L)

124 140 84 107

TSS(mg/L) 14.1 20.3 17.4 11.6

Total Hardness(mg/L)

88 132 40 92

Copper(mg/L) <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05

Iron(mg/L) 0.42 0.30 0.19 0.27

Chlorides(mg/L) 14 16 10 20

Sulphate(mg/L) 12.7 8.60 6.24 5.20

Nitrate(mg/L) 1.40 3.60 2.10 1.74

Fluoride(mg/L) 0.18 0.85 0.12 0.17

Cadmium(mg/L) <0.0005 <0.0005 <0.0005 <0.0005

Selenium(mg/L) <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01

Arsenic(mg/L) <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1

Lead(mg/L) <0.008 <0.008 <0.008 <0.008

Zinc(mg/L) 0.08 0.11 0.09 0.13

Hexavalent Chromium(mg/L)

<0.04 <0.04 <0.04 <0.04

Oil & Grease <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1

Township

(a) Waste water generation from township (m3/day) (avg.)

: 1760

(b) Are you planning to provide sewage treatment plant?

: Yes

(c) Usage of treated water : The treated water will be reused for irrigation of plantation area.

CMPDI


32. Attach water balance statement in the form of a flow diagram indicating sources(s), consumption (section-wise) and output

33. Ambient noise level, Leq. [dB(A)]

Summary of noise level data generated during (November 2017 to February 2018) are given below:

Station Code Location Name

Noise level in dB(A)

Day (Leq) Permissible

limit Night (Leq)

Permissible limit

N1 Gopalpur 62.0 75 54.2 70.0

N2 Siarmal 54.6 55 42.8 45.0

N3 Rampia 54.7 55 44.8 45.0

N4 Kaletpani 53.8 55 43.2 45.0

N5 Koanikalan 52.3 55 42.4 45.0

N6 Balbuspur 51.5 55 42.8 45.0

N7 Gaddwar 51.7 55 43.8 45.0

N8 Barpali 53.9 55 44.1 45.0

N9 Kuarikallan 52.3 55 43.8 45.0

N10 Kendidihi 52.6 55 42.0 45.0

Water balance flowchart on Peak Demand (Siarmal OCP)

Water supply scheme and treated effluent from the project

Potable Water Supply for Residential Colony & Service

Buildings

Industrial Effluent Treatment Plant

Fire Fighting and Dust Suppression

10704 m3/day

Potable water consumption Industrial consumption

2204 m3/day 1750 m3/day 6750m3/day

Domestic Treatment Plant

Losses

444 m3/day 1760 m3/day

Treated clear water for reuse

Treated clear water for watering of plantation area

Sludge for landfill or farmyard manure

1232m3/day

1400 m3/day

CMPDI


34. Solid waste

a) Topsoil and solid waste quantity and quality

Name

(Lump/fines/slurry/ sludge/others)

Composition Quantity

(m3/month) (avg.) Method of disposal

Mining activity*

a. Topsoil (Lump and fine) b. Overburden

(Lump and fine) c. Others (specify)

Clay loam & sandy gravel Weathered shale & rock and some alluvium material

Nil

| | | | | | | 4977390

| |

Nil

Topsoil will be concurrently and progressively used/ carpeted over the technically reclaimed area. Backfilling in own quarry, (2007.79 Mm3), Backfilling in Basundhara West OCP (77.18Mm3), External dump 183.21Mm3) and the remaining 1.51Mm3) OB used in embankment.

Nil

Effluent Treatment Plant (sludge)

1) Completely stabilized domestic waste

2) Oily Sludge

100

83.33

Used as landfill or farmyard manure

Land filling.

Total 4977573.3

N.B : The above solid wastes do not contain any hazardous/toxic substances. [* Annex layout plan indicating the dump sites ] (Plate No. VIII &IX)

b) (i) Does waste(s) contain any hazardous/toxic substance/ : radioactive materials or heavy metals?

Overburden generated during mining operation does not contain any

hazardous subtance. However, the batteries used in HEMM, the oily sludge, etc. from the workshop contain hazardous substances.

(ii) If yes, whether details and precautionary measures provided? : Yes.

The details of hazardous wastes from the project and pre-cautionary measures provided are given below :

CMPDI


Sl.# Waste description

Quantity per annum (approx.)

Method of disposal/precautionary measures

1. Used oil (kl/annum) 26.67 Used oils will be stored in drums in store for disposal through auction to the authorized re-processors or to be used as lubricant in the UG mines.

2.

Oil & grease (kl/annum)

500.0

3. Oily sludge (m3/annum) 1000 To be disposed in the impervious layer lined pit. 4. Filter & filter materials

(nos.) 4167

5. Used batteries 458 nos. To be stored safely for auction to authorized reprocessors.

c) (i)Is the solid waste suitable for backfilling? : Yes

(ii) If yes, when do you propose to start backfilling. :External Backfilling will start from 1st year and continue upto 8th year.

Backfilling in the quarry-1 will start from year 10.

(in million m3)

Solid waste(s) Already

accumulated

(A)

To be generated

(B)

% of A & B to be backfilled

A B

Overburden --- 2269.69 ---- 91.86%

Other (specify) Nil Nil Nil Nil

Land Reclamation Plan

(d) In case waste is to be dumped on the ground, indicate

(i) Associated environmental problems :Slope failure and siltation of water body. (ii) Number & type of waste dumps :

• No. of external dumps : Two

• Max. projected height of dumps (in m) : 90m

• No. of terraces & height of each stage :3 (height of each stage-30 m)

• Overall slope of the dump (degree) : 26-280

• Proposed reclamation measures : The total area of quarry excavation for this project is 1546.32 Ha. Out of this 996.63 Ha will be reclaimed after backfilling and 586.64 Ha will be done plantation/grass carpeting and to be converted for agriculture. An area of 409.99 Ha will be biologically reclaimed.

(iii) Section of waste dump in relation to the : Yes, adjacent ground profile attached (Plate no. IX & IX A).

CMPDI


35. Fuel/Energy requirements* [* To be furnished for mines having ML area more than 25 ha or captive power generation of 500 KVA and above]

(a) Total power requirement (Peak) (in MkWh/annum)

Sl. No.

Mine Site Township and other common services

Others (specify)

Total

1. Present ---- -- -- ----

2. Proposed/additional 304.62 --

-- 304.62

Total 304.62 -- -- 304.62

(b) Source of power : From 220/33kV Garjanbahal substation of MCL. The same

substation will receive power from GRIDCO, Odisha. (in MkWh/annum)

Sl.No.

SEB/Grid* (WESCO)

Captive power plant DG Sets

1. Present --- Nil Nil

2. Proposed 304.62 Nil Nil

Total 304.62 Nil Nil

[ * Annex IV - copy of the sanction letter from the concerned authority.]

(c) Details of fuels

Sl. No.

Fuel Daily Consumption Calorific

value

(k cal/kg) % Ash % Sulphur Existing Proposed

1. HSD ---- 367.60 (avg) Kl/day

10670 - 0.20

2. LSHS -- Nil Not available

3. Others (specify)

-- Nil

36. Storage of inflammable/explosive materials

Sl. No.

Name Number of storages Consumption (in TPD) (avg.)

Maximum quantity at any point of time (in TPD)

1. Fuels From fuel delivery station

367.60 Kl/day 404.36kl/day

2. Explosives$

One main magazine 91,638.5Kg/day 1,12,002.6 kg/day

$ Site Mixed Slurry will be used.

CMPDI


37. Human settlement

Core zone Buffer zone

Population$ 10140 58142

No. of villages 6 94

(excluding core zone)

Number of households village-wise

2534

(Total) 14654

(Total) $ As per 2011 Census record or actual survey

38. Rehabilitation & Resettlement (R&R) plan*

[* Provide a comprehensive rehabilitation plan, if more than 1000 people are likely to be

displaced, other-wise a summary plan]

This is a new mine.The R&R is being carried out under the direction of “Claims Commission” set up by Hon’ble Supreme Court for the purpose. Total R&R cost is 378.04 Cr. There are about 2953 Project Affected Families(PAFs). Total land required for Rehabilitation site is 140 Ha. Resettlement colony will be provided with all infrastructure facilities like roads, dug wells, tube wells, play ground, schools, community center, dispensary, shopping center, etc.

(a) Villages falling within the study area

Villages

Number

Name

Core zone

6 Gopalpur, Jhupuranga, Tumulia, Siarmal, Ratansara and Kulada

300 m from blasting site(s)

Buffer zone 94 Balbaspur , Balichua , Barpali , Durubaga , K , Jhupurunga , Kutabaga , Patrapali , Ratansara , Sahashapur , etc.

Township site Nil ---

(b) Details of Village(s) in the core zone

Sl. No.

Village Name Population Average Annual Income Tribal Others

1 Siarmal 476 119 Main occupation is agriculture based

2. Gopalpur 1522 1649 3. Jhupuranga 809 1036 4. Ratansara 1035 678 5. Kulda* 88 78 6 Tumulia 1162 1488

Total 3529 4898 [* As per 2011 Census / actual survey]* *PAF of Kulda has already been resettled under

Kulda OCP

CMPDI


(c) Population to be displaced and / or Land oustees : Details are given below

R&R details

Sl. Name of the

Village

No. of Project

Affected Families

Total Compensation

amount sanctioned

(Land, trees, structures etc.)

Total Amount

paid

Balance to be paid.

Weather payment is

pending with claim

commission

Rehabilitation site

1 Gopalpur 992 366.34 341.10 25.23 Pending FOR disbursement

with ADM (R&R)

Sarangijharia

2 Siarmal 188 90.88 64.05 26.82 Chhatenpali

3 Jhuprunga 833 480.57 0 480.57 Proposal with Claims

Commission

Badkhalia

4 Tumulia 702 566.31 0 566.31 Diamunda

5 Ratnasara 238 0 0 0

6

Tikilipara (Claims)

270 68.17 65.10 3.06 dis. Cell Chhetanpali

Tikilipara (MCL)

132 3.22 3.16 0.05 Balance amount

in Tribunal Basundhara

Nagar

(d) Whether R&R plan has been finalised? If yes, : Yes, R&R is in progress as

salient features of R&R plan for oustees per Norms of Govt. of Odisha under direction of “Claims

Commission” set up by

Hon’ble Supreme Court

i. Site details where the people are proposed to be resettled & facilities existing / to be created : Sarangijharia, Chhatenpali, Badkhalia, Diamunda, Chhetanpali & Basundhara Nagar

ii. Fund earmarked for compensation : Rs. 67804.13lakh

package

iii. Agency/Authority responsible for their : GM, Basundhara Area Resettlement

iv. Time of commencement of resettlement : In progress under direction of of Project Affected People (PAP) “Claims Commission” set up by Hon’ble Supreme Court

v. Period by which resettlement of : Within 5 year of commissioning the PAP will be over project

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39. Lease-wise plantation details

(a) Lease Area (in ha) Existing Mine New Mine

i. Area broken up : Not applicable Nil ii. To be broken up : Not applicable 1523.08

iii. Area not to be broken-up : Not applicable 1321.38

(b) Township area (in ha) : 70.0Ha

(c) Area afforested and proposed (in ha)

:

Peripheral Dumps Roads Township

Others

i. Existing : ---- ----- ----- ----- -----

ii. Proposed : 93.0 796.07 18.0 60.0 78.0

(d) (d) No. and type of trees planted and proposed

(i) Existing

• When plantation was started?

Not applicable

No. of plant species planted Number of saplings (per ha)

2500

• Survival rate % : : Not applicable

• Avg. height :

: Not applicable

(ii) Proposed

No. of plant species to be planted Number of saplings (per ha)

14,50,675 2500

40. Environmental health and safety

(a) What major health and safety hazards are anticipated?

: Slope failure in external & internal OB dumps, fire, mine inundation, accidents and health hazards like silicosis, pneumoconiosis, etc., are anticipated.

(b) What provisions have been made/ proposed to be made to conform to health and safety requirements?

: Given in Chapter-II & VII, EIA & EMP report.

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(c) In case of an existing mine

(i) Comprehensive report on health status of the workers under the Mines Act annexed.

: Not applicable

(ii) Mineralogical composition of RPM (dust)

• Free silica :

• Chromium* (Total as well as Hexavalent)

• Lead**

: :

Not applicable

[* Only for Chromite mines] [** Only for Base Metal mines]

(d) Information on radiation protection measures, if applicable

: Not applicable

41. Environmental Management Plan

Salient features of environmental protection measures

Sl. No.

Environmental issues*

Already practiced, if applicable

Proposed

1. Air pollution --- Coal winning by Surface Miner , dust extractors for drills or wet drilling arrangement, water sprinklers, greenbelts, black topping and proper maintenance of haul roads , about 90% of coal will be dispatched in rail through Silo etc.

2. Water pollution --- Effluent treatment plants for various effluents. Domestic effluent – DETP Workshop effluent – Oil & Grease Trap Mine effluent - MDTP

3. Water conservation --- Reuse of treated mine discharge water, treated industrial waste water and treated domestic effluent.

4. Noise pollution --- Greenbelts, personal protective devices, silencers in exhaust pipe of the vehicles, etc.

5. Solid Waste / Tailings

--- Solid waste will be dumped either externally or internally (backfilling in de-coaled void) and then reclaimed both technically and biologically.

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Sl. No.

Environmental issues*

Already practiced, if applicable

Proposed

6. Land degradation --- Mined out land will be backfilled to the extent possible and then reclaimed both technically and biologically. Ext. OB dump will be re-handled during post closure period.

7. Erosion & Sediment

--- Proper drainage arrangement with provision of garland drains and settling tanks. Run-off water : Dumps- Catch drain and foot drain Mine innundation – Garland drain Storm water – Masonary drain

8. Topsoil --- Scraping of topsoil from the excavation area for progressive and concurrent utilization during technical reclamation.

9. Ground vibration --- Coal winning by Surface Miner, Controlled blasting with adherence to all provision of Coal Mines Regulations.

10. Wildlife conservation

--- Afforestation and compensatory afforestation for creating habitats for wildlife .An amount of Rs. 17.78 lakhs has been kept for habitat management / Wildlife conservation measures.

11. Forest protection --- Compensatory afforestation, plantation in backfilled area besides creation of greenbelts around mine, infrastructure & residential colony.

12. Others (specify) Nil Nil

[* As applicable] 42. Compliance with environmental safeguards (For existing units) :

(a) Status of the compliance of conditions of environmental clearance issued by MoEF, if any, enclosed

: Not applicable

(b) Status of the compliance of 'Consent to Operate' issued by SPCB, if any, enclosed.

: Not applicable

(c) Latest ‘Environmental Statement’ enclosed

: Not applicable

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43. Scoping of EIA

Whether environmental impact assessment of the project has been carried out by following scoping process?

: Yes

If yes, a copy of scoping of EIA annexed. : Yes (Given in Chapter IV,EIA & EMP report- based on ToR ).

44. Mine closure

(a) Have you planned mine closure? : Yes

(b) Submitted a conceptual mine closure plan.

: Yes, (Plate No. IX A) ‘Progressive Mine Closure Plan’ given in Chapter – X, EIA / EMP report .

(c) If yes, indicate estimated amount for implementing the same (in Rs. Crs)

: Total Mine Closure cost – Rs.614.75 Crs (November 2017 Cost Base).

45. Capital cost of the project (in Rs. crore) : Rs. 3756.36 Crs 46. Cost of environmental protection measures

(in Rs. lakh)

Sl. No.

Capital cost Annual recurring cost

Existing Proposed Existing Proposed

1 Pollution Control : (Separately provide break-up)

• Water sprinklers/tankers

• Dust suppression/extraction – CHP and ventilation and fire fighting

• Industrial effluent tratment plant

• Sewage treatment plant

• Garland drain and stormwater drainage arrangements

---

-- -- --

597.39

1105.22

1464.43

--- ---

--- --- ---

--- ---

--- --- ---

Sub-total (1) : --- 3167.04

2 Pollution Monitoring (Separately provide break-up) - Field instruments and monitoring

--- (After commissioni

ng of the mine under

revenue budget)

--- ---

3 Occupational Health --- ---

4 Green Belt

• Mine | (including compensatory I

• Township | afforestation) I

---

2766.28

---

---

5 Reclamation/Rehabilitation of mined out I area

--- ---

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6 Others (specity) a. Indigenous People’s development Programme b. Miscellaneous cost like Scientific studies, rain water harvesting , Env. data generation, etc.

--- 30.75 (Community development of peripheral

village )

30.75

--- ---

Sub Total (2) --- 2827.78 --- ---

Total --- 5994.82 --- ---

47. Amount earmarked for socio-economic welfare measures for the nearby villages other than R&R plans. – Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR)

Estimated CSR Cost Rs. 309.56 Crs

Fund for CSR will be allocated based on 2% of the average net profit of the company for the

three immediate preceding financial years or Rs. 2.00 per tonne of coal production of the

previous year whichever is higher.

CSR expenditure for last four years of Basundhara Area

(Rs. In Lakhs)

Head 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18

Water Supply 18.99 62.22 6.32 9.69

Roads 3697.13 816.12 580.01 0

Rural Development 115.33 46.99 708.59 418.74

Education 18.55 36.37 17.96 24.83

Environment 4.51 1.97 3.6 20.14

Health care 4.56 2.01 0.95 0.89

Rural sports 7.75 17.41 13.20 1.81

Misc 0.0 1.02 0.0 5.00

Total 3866.82 984.11 1330.63 481.10

48. Public hearing

(a) Date of Advertisement 01-12-2018

(b) Newspapers in which the advertisement appeared

The new Indian Express (English daily) and Dharitri (Odiya daily)

(c) Date of public hearing (DD/MM/YY)

03-01-2019

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(f)

Summary/details of public hearing in tabular form

Issues raised by the Public

Response of the Project Proponent

1. Issues concerning employment

The Hon’ble Claims Commission appointed by the Hon’ble Supreme Court is looking after the R&R, employment, compensation and other benefits and these works are under progress. Maximum employment has been given in Gopalpur village. Only there are 130 cases balance where it is required to change nominee and for submission of succession certificate. In respect of Siarmal 79 people have been given employment and already joined and is under training. Similarly for 42 pending cases, some are pending for change of nominee and some for satellite imaginary after cutoff date which is subjudice in court. For Cash in lieu of employment, maximum has been paid. Out of 2490 awardees of Gopalpur village, payment has been made to 2292 awardees. Similarly for Siarmal 636 awardees out of 787 has been paid. For Jhupurunga village, compensation roll has been processed for approval on 29th Dec 2018. For Tumulia village, the PAF list has been published on 27th December 2018. For Ratansara work is under progress and some survey work is left and after completion of the balance survey, we will complete the work on war footing basis. Village Kiripsira and Ratansara part are not coming under MCL blocks.

2. Issues concerning payment of compensation

The Honourable Claims Commission appointed by the Hon’ble Supreme Court is looking after the R&R, employment, compensation and other benefits and these works are under progress. Out of 14 villages, compensation have been paid for 10 villages.

(d) Public Hearing Panel chaired by & members present

The Public Hearing was chaired by Shri. Bhaskar Chandra Turuk, Additional District Magistrate, Sundargarh. The members present were:

1. Sri Niranjan Mallick, Regional Officer, SPCB, Jharsuguda.

(e) No. of people attended the public hearing meeting and number of people from the lease area

1000 approx.

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For Jhupurunga village, compensation roll has been processed for approval on 29th Dec 2018. For Tumulia village, the PAF list has been published on 27th December 2018. For Ratansara work is under progress and some survey work is left and after completion of the balance survey, we will complete the work on war footing basis. Village Kiripsira and Ratansara part are not coming under MCL blocks. In Gopalpur block where 08 villages were taken up first Balinga, Bankibahal, Garjanbahal, Karlikachar, Kulda, Sardega, Tiklipara, Gopalpur whatever amount has been sanctioned 98% has been disbursed by MCL and the balance amount has been deposited in ADM’s Claims Commission account in Fixed deposit in which interest is also being earned. Those who did not attend, they have been served three notices and published in local newspaper and they have been requested to take their money deposited in ADMs account. For 48 pending cases of Siarmal the matter is in sub-judice of the court, as because on the basis of satellite imaginary there are some changes (construction) observed after cutoff date of 2010. As the matter has not been finalized in the recall petition MCL has filed cases in the court and is ready to abide the judgement of the court.

3. Issues concerning R&R

The Hon’ble Claims Commission appointed by the Hon’ble Supreme Court is looking after the R&R, employment, compensation and other benefits and these works are under progress. Under their guidance all the issues related to R&R on the basis of R&R policy will be solved.

4. Issues concerning dust pollution.

The control measures as given in the EIA-EMP report shall be taken up and implemented fully for control of dust pollution. The control measures will be adopted for various operations like drilling operation, blasting operation, loading and transport, coal handling plant, fires at coalfaces and coal stock yard, OB dump(s) and workshop and stores, etc. Suppression of dust by fixed sprinklers in all critical points. Coal will be transported through Covered conveyor belts. Provision for Silo loading has been proposed for the project and total coal will be transported to SILO from the CHP directly by covered conveyor belts. Steps would be taken for betterment of the environment and it is being assured that public would not face any problems due to dust pollution. As per demands MCL is spraying water wherever required and if any more improvement is required in the system MCL is ready to do so.

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5. Issues related to blasting

Coal production will be done by blast free environmental friendly Surface Miner. Controlled blasting technique will be done to minimize vibration and generation of dust while blasting in Overburden.

PH proceeding is attached as Annexure VII.

49. Whether the following approvals* (wherever applicable) have been obtained?

(i) Site clearance from MOEF Not Applicable.

(ii) ‘Consent for Establishment’ from the State Pollution Control Board

Not Applicable

(iii) NOC from Atomic Mineral Division Not applicable

(iv) Mining plan approval from IBM / Ministry of Coal

Approved (Annexure-I).

(v) In case of existing mines, mining scheme approval from IBM

Not applicable

(vi) Forestry clearance under FCA, 1980 FC applied for an Area of 349.709 Ha. Proposal No: FP/OR/MIN/32796/2018 (Annexure-II)

(vii) NOC from Chief Controller of Explosives Not Applicable

(viii) Commitment regarding availability / pumping of water from the concerned Authorities

Yes (Annexure - V)

(ix) In case of ML area falling in notified areas of the Central Ground Water Authority, NOC from them.

ML area does not come

under list of critical area.

[* Annex copies of approvals and number them]

50. Was / is there any court case relating to the project or related

activities? If so, provide details of present status.

There are no court cases.

Verification : The data and information given in this proforma are true to the best of my knowledge and belief. Date: 11-02-19 Place: Basundhara

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Job No.706124 Chapter – 1, Page - 1

Chapter – 1

INTRODUCTION

1.1 PURPOSE OF THE REPORT

The proposed Siarmal OCP is located in north-western central part of Ib

River coalfield of Odisha, known as Gopalpur sector. This coalfield is the southern

middle part of lower Gondwana basin of Son Mahanadi Valley and occupies an area

of about 1460 sq.km. with potential coal bearing area of around 1050 sq.km. The Ib

River coalfield lies in between latitude 21o31’ to 22o14’ North and longitude 83o32’00”

to 84o10’00” East and falls mainly in Sundergarh, Jharsuguda and Sambalpur

districts of Odisha.

Siarmal OCP has been formulated within Siarmal & Siarmal Extension block

and Banapatra (also known as Western Extension of Siarmal) block in the Gopalpur

Sector of Ib-valley coalfield. Both are virgin blocks. The Mining plan is based on

Geological Reports of Siarmal & Siarmal Extension Block and Banapatra Block and

project report of siarmal ocp. The proposed mine area lies in the south of

Basundhara West OCP (8.0 Mty) on the southern side of Basundhara river.

Basundhara West OCP is an ongoing project. To its east lies the Kulda OCP (14.0

Mty).

Earlier ToR was issued by MoEF&CC vide letter No. J-11015/230/2014-

IA.II(M) Dtd. 20-02-2015. But due to delay in preparation of land schedule & after

authentication from Tahesildar, there is change in land schedule from the one

previously submitted.

The Mining Plan and Mine Closure Plan of Siarmal OCP (50.0 Mty) as per

the new land area has been approved by MCL board in its 198th meeting held on 31-

01-2018. (Annexure - I)

Accordingly a revised Form-I and Prefeasibility report for Siarmal OCP

(Capacity – 50.0 Mty) was submitted and discussed in 30th Expert Appraisal

Committee (EAC) meeting held on 17th – 18th May, 2018 at MoEF&CC, New Delhi.

EAC had recommended the project for extension of validity of Terms of

Reference (TOR) for a period of one year i.e. up to 20th Feb 2018 and also revised

the ToR. Based on the recommendation of EAC, MoEF&CC accorded approval for

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revised ToR with its validity up to 20th Feb’2019 vide letter no.J-11015/230/2014-

IA.II(M) dated 09th July.

This EIA-EMP has been prepared by incorporating the compliance of the said

Terms of Reference (TOR).

1.2 GENERAL INFORMATION 1.2.1 NAME AND ADDRESS OF THE PROJECT

(a) Name & size of the project

: Siarmal Opencast Project (Capacity 50.0 Mty)

(i) Name of the project proponent

: H. L. Soni

Project Officer, Siarmal OCP.

Basundhara Garjanbahal Area

Mailing Address : Mahanadi Coalfields Limited,

P.O : Basundhara

Dist. : Sundergarh, Pin-– 770076 (Odisha)

E-mail : [email protected], [email protected]

Telephone : 0663-2542084

Fax No. : 0663-2542257 , 2542844

(b) Objective of the project : To meet the over all deficit of coal availability over

demand of MCL.

(c) Nature of the project

(i) New mine : Yes

(ii) Expansion : No

Increase in ML area

: No

Increase in annual production

: No

(iii) Renewal of ML : No.

(iv) Modernisation : No.



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(d) Location / Site of the Project

:

(i) Name of the Villages : Siarmal, Jhupurunga, Tumulia, Ratansara,

Gopalpur & Kulda

(ii) Tehsil : Himgir

(iii) District : Sundergarh

(iv) State : Odisha

(e) Main consumer : Power Houses and Basket Linkage

1.3 SCOPE OF THE STUDY

TOR has been obtained for Siarmal OCP (Capacity 50.0 Mty) vide vide letter

no.J-11015/230/2014-IA.II(M) dated 09th July , 2018 issued by MoEF&CC, New

Delhi.

The scope of studies broadly covers the following:

(a) Study area and project profile

(b) Present / existing environmental scenario

(c) Anticipated Impact Assessment and Mitigation Measures

(d) Analysis of alternative technology.

(e) Environmental Monitoring Programme.

(f) Additional studies

a. Risk Assessment and Management

b. Social Impact and R&R Action Plan

c. Greenbelt Development Plan

d. Public Consultation

(g) Project benefits

(h) Environmental cost benefit analysis

(i) Summary and conclusion

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1.4 SOURCES AND TYPE OF DATA

This report has been formulated using the various data from the following

sources:

Sl. Type of Data Source

1 Mining and economic parameters

MP & MCP for Siarmal OCP (Capacity 50.0 Mty) Dec, 2017. RPR for Siarmal OCP Dec, 2014.

2 Base line air , water & effluent quality and noise level data

Baseline data had been generated by Ecomen Laboratories Pvt Ltd, Flat Nos. 5-8, 2nd Floor, Arif Chamber-V, Sector-H, Aliganj, Lucknow-226024, UP. Phone- 0522-2746282 Fax- 0522-2745726.

3 Socio-economic details of core and buffer zones

Primary and secondary survey (Census of India 2011, (Odisha) and Collection of site specific data) by M/s VRDS Consultants, 30 Anna Street, V R Nagar Korattur, Chennai-600080 (Tamil Nadu).

4 Taxonomic enumeration of flora and fauna of core and buffer zones

Information from the study carried out for Siarmal OCP by M/s VRDS Consultants, 30 Anna Street, V R Nagar Korattur, Chennai-600080 (Tamil Nadu).

5 Surface hydrology and hydrogeology

Report on Hydrology of Ib Valley Coalfield, by CMPDI, RI-VII, Bhubaneswar and information from Central Ground Water Board, Bhubaneswar.

6 Climatic and micro-meteorological data

Long-term data obtained from IMD, Bhubaneswar for Jharsuguda IMD Observatory have been used and site specific micro-meteorological data by Ecomen Laboratories Pvt Ltd, Flat Nos. 5-8, 2nd Floor, Arif Chamber-V, Sector-H, Aliganj, Lucknow-226024, UP. Phone- 0522-2746282 Fax- 0522-2745726

7 Details of village-wise project affected persons and families

From Office of GM (Basundhara Garjanbahal) Area of MCL.

8 Land use/cover details of Talcher coalfield

Satellite Data based on IRS-R-2/L-IV of the year 2018 from CMPDI (HQs), Ranchi.

9 Baseline data on soil quality

By M/S Ecomen Laboratories Pvt Ltd, Flat Nos. 5-8, 2nd Floor, Arif Chamber-V, Sector-H, Aliganj, Lucknow-226024, UP. Phone- 0522-2746282 Fax- 0522-2745726

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Chapter–2

PROJECT DESCRIPTION

2.1 STUDY AREA PROFILE 2.1.1 LOCATION OF THE BLOCK (PLATE NO.IA & IB)

The proposed Siarmal OCP 50.0 Mty is located in the North-Western part

of Ib Valley Coalfield in Sundergarh Districts of Orissa. Location particulars of

Siarmal OCP 50.0 Mty are given below:

Table 2.1: Location details

Coalfield Ib Valley

Tahasil Himgir

District Sundergarh

Project Siarmal OCP

Latitudes 22O 01’ 19” N & 22O 03’ 59.99” N

Longitudes 83O 37’ 09” E & 83O 42’ 59.58” E

Topo sheet No. 64 N /12 on RF 1:50,000

2.1.2 COMMUNICATION

Table 2.2: Communication details

Sl. Item

1. Nearest revenue town & Dist. HQ

Sundergarh (46 km)

2. Nearest road Sundergarh-Raigarh Interstate highway passing adjacent to the OCP.

3. Connection to the state capital 450 km to Bhubaneswar via NH-55

4. Connection to the company HQs

140 km to Sambalpur district HQ Sundargarh.

5. Nearest railhead Himgir railway station on Mumbai – Howrah line of South Eastern railway is at a distance of about 35km.

6. Airport Jharsuguda Airport is at a distance of about 70 km.

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2.1.3 TOPOGRAPHY AND DRAINAGE (PLATE - IIA & III)

The block under reference is represented by paddy fields, small hillocks

and forests. Major part of the block is however, covered by paddy fields.

Basundhara River flowing west to east in the northern boundary of the

block separates the blocks from Chaturdhara/Basundhara blocks and Chattajor

nala flowing South to North in the eastern boundary of the block separates the

block from Kulda block. One of the tributaries Telendra flows from NW to East

towards the middle of the block and many other small nala cris cross within the

block. Besides these, there are some small ponds and dug wells available within

the block and used for irrigation and drinking purposes.

The general topography of the block is undulating and is used for

agricultural purpose and some patches of barren lands are also featuring in the

block. The general altitude of the block is varying from 260 metres to 311 metres.

The lowest elevation is about 260 metres near borehole CMHG-45 along the

Basundhara river within Siarmal and Siarmal Extn. block and highest elevation is

about 311 metre and is located near the south-western corner near boreholes

CMBB-240, 233 & 060 on either side of Sundergarh-Raigarh state road within

Banapatra block.

2.1.4 Block Boundary:

The block boundary of Siarmal is given below:

North : Northern boundary of the block is marked by East-West trending Basundhara river South : Southern boundary is marked with arbitrary boundary of barren measure formation. East : Eastern boundary is limited by Kulda Block along Basundhara river, then followed by Chattajor Nala. . West : Western boundary of the Block is limited by Eastern boundary of Western extension of (Banapatra Block)

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2.1.5 SURFACE DRAINAGE PATTERN AT MINE SITE (PLATE-V)

The main drainage of block is controlled by Basundhara river flowing from

North West to East in the northern boundary of the block and Chattajor nala

flowing South to North in the eastern boundary of the block. One of the tributaries

of Basundhara river is Talendra Nalla flowing from North West to East Joining to

Basundhara River.

2.1.6 WEIR CONSTRUCTION

For supply of water, 4 nos. of weir across Basundhara River have been

suggested which will feed water for domestic as well as for industrial purpose of

this OCP.

2.1.7 DISTANCE FROM WATER BODIES

Table 2.3 : Water bodies

Name of the Water Bodies Distance

Chattar Jhor Within lease

Basundhara River Adjacent

Telendra Nala Adjacent

Ichha River 9.5 km (NE)

Khunisalega Nala 6.7 km (NW)

Albahalijhor Nala 4.8 km (W)

Tumikhol Nala 7.7 km (N)

Budhijhoria Nala 3.0 km (NW)

Bhaina Jhor 1.8 km (E)

2.1.8 LOCATION OF MINE LEASE AREA w.r.t. SEISMIC ZONE

(a) Severity (Richter scale) : Zone-II and no earth quake has occurred during last 10 years

(b) Impact, i.e. damage to

Life : No

Property : No

Existing mine : No

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2.2 PROJECT PROFILE 2.2.1 TYPE OF THE PROJECT

This is a proposed opencast coal mining project.

2.2.2 JUSTIFICATION FOR THE PROJECT

The consumers of MCL are linked to the company and not to any specific

coalfield. The actual supply from any coalfield of MCL will depend upon the

production and transport logistics. Under the above circumstances coalfield wise

demand has been assessed based on the production share of these two coal field

which is as below:

Table 2.4: Projected coal demand on MCL from Ib-valley coalfield. (Fig. in Mt)

Sl. No Particulars 2021-22 2026-27

1 Total Demand on MCL 244.83 274.134

2 Projected coal demand on Ib-valley coalfield

97.93 120.56

3 Coal Availability 73.82 85.32

Gap (-)24.11 (-)35.24

As per the above estimate, there is gap between demand and availability

of MCL by from Ib-valley coalfield alone. Further new coal linkages have been

given to MCL for which MCL has already issued LOA. The proposed project will

meet the coal demand from the coalfield, especially to the new consumers and

reduce the gap between demand and availability.

The coal seams in both the blocks under consideration for the project

(Siarmal & Siarmal Extn. and Banapatra) are thick and occur at shallow depth. The

entire net geological coal reserves of 1866.83 Mt has high quarriable potentiality.

Considering the coal demand on MCL and quarriable potential of the

blocks, formulation of the present opencast mine for rated capacity of 50.0 Mty is

justified.

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2.2.3 DESCRIPTION OF CORE ZONE

The core zone of the project comprising of excavation zone, infrastructure

area, OB dump sites, safety zone for blasting, etc., covers partly and/or fully the

land from six (6) villages namely, Siarmal, Jhupuranga, Tumulia, Ratansar,

Gopalpur and Kulda.

2.2.4 DESCRIPTION OF BUFFER ZONE

The buffer zone i.e. area within 10 km radius from the periphery of

the project boundary.

Basundhara West OCP, Kulda OCP and Garjanbahal OCP are

located in buffer zone.

Basundhara river, Chattajhor and Telendra Nala flows adjacent to

mine boundary.

The reserve forests falling in the buffer zone are Kalatpani RF,

Raghakar RF, Punjipahar RF, Ghogharpali RF, Jamkani RF,

Garjanpahar RF, Jhatkhol RF, Lalma RF, Burhapahar RF, Pandripani

RF, Balijori RF and Dhatukpahar RF.

The Protected forests falling in the buffer zone are Koilanga PF,

Kharudadi PF, Banjhkacchar PF and Garhaghat PF.

Ecologically sensitive areas such as national park, sanctuary,

biosphere, etc. are not present within 10 km radius from the project.

2.3 GEOLOGY (PLATE NO.IV, IVB1 and IVB2)

Table 2.5 : Geological details

Geological Exploration By CMPDI RI-VII , DMG (O) & GSI

Metres drilled 27206 m in Siarmal & Siarmal Extn Block 86676 m in Banaprata Block

No. of boreholes 133 in Siarmal & Siarmal Extn Block 370 in Banaprata Block

Borehole density (number of boreholes per sq.km)

21BH/sq km in Siarmal & Siarmal Extn Block 14.67 BH/sq km in Banaprata Block

Coal Seams 16 coal seams occur in Siarmal OCP namely LAJ -IV, LAJ-III, LAJ-IIT3, LAJ-IIT2, LAJ-IIT1, LAJ-IIB, LAJ-I,

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RAM-V, RAM-IV, RAM-IVB, RAM-III, RAM-II, RAM-I, IBTOP, IBMID, IBBOT

Strike The strike of the strata has shown Northwest-Southeast trend with minor variation towards northern part.

Dip varies from 3o to 4o.

No. of faults In total seven (7) faults viz. F1, F2, F3, F4, F5, F-6 and F-7 have been interpreted in Siarmal and Siarmal extn. In Banaprata block 27 faults have been interpreted mostly in the northern part.

No. of workable seams 16

Extractable coal reserves (Mt)

1547.82

Grades of coal G11

2.3.1 GEOLOGICAL SUCCESSION OF IB-RIVER COALFIELD

The geological succession of the Blocks considerd together is given below

in Table.

Table 2.6 – Stratigraphic succession, Siarmal & Siarmal Extension and

Banapatra block, Ib River coalfield

Group Age Formation

Thickness (m) Lithology

Min. Max.

Recent Recent deposits

1.53

21.35

Soil, Sub-soil etc.

GO

ND

WA

NA

S

UP

ER

GR

OU

P Lower

Permian Barakar Formation

22.00 353.00

Fine to coarse grained greyish feldspathic sandstone, Carbonaceous shale, siltstone with coal seams RAM-I to RAM-V & LAJ-I to LAJ-IV (13 seams) with splits in descending order

Lower Permian

Karharbari Formation

3.45 71.54

Greyish white to white fine to coarse grained feldspathic sandstone and grits, greyish arenaceous shale, carbonaceous shale and coal seam (1 group in 3 splits)

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Upper Carboniferous to Lower Permian

Talchir Formation

Not encount

ered in BH.

Diamictite, sandstone, needle shale, turbidite, rhythmites.

-------------------------------------- Un-conformity --------------------------------------------

Pre-Cambrian Granite, mica schist & gneisses

2.3.2 GEOLOGICAL STRUCTURE

Mostly soil, alluvium or weathered mantle cover the area under

investigation. As such, the geological features of the block are interpreted mainly

on sub-surface data. Though Talchir and Karharbari Formations have been

encountered in boreholes drilled in nearby blocks, but they do not incrop or

outcrop within the block. However, Barakar Formation outcrops at places in nala

tract/cutting.

DIP AND STRIKE

The strike of the strata has shown northwest – southeast trend with minor

variation towards northern part. The strata dips 3° – 4° towards southwest. The

same has increased to about 10° in the northern part with dip direction remaining

towards south to southwest.

FAULTS

In total 28 number of faults with throw varying from 0 to 120 m have been

deciphered in Siarmal & Siarmal Extn. and Banapatra blocks combined. Out of

seven faults interpreted in Siarmal & Siarmal Extn. block, six faults extends to

Banapatra block and hence common in both the blocks.

In Siarmal and Siarmal Extn. block, seven numbers of faults viz. F1-F1 to

F7-F7 with varying amounts of throw and direction have been interpreted in the

area under consideration. Eighteen boreholes have directly intersected the faults.

The fault F1-F1 is continuing from adjacent Basundhara block with a throw of

about 20 m. Most of the faults trend east to west.

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2.3.3 DESCRIPTION OF COAL SEAMS

In Siarmal & Siarmal Extension and Banapatra block total 16 nos. of

corelatable coal horizons/seams have been identified. In the Karharbari

Formation Ib seam occurs in three splits. Barakar Formation contains seams

Rampur and Lajkura in number of splits. Altogether, 13 nos. of seams / split

seams are reported in Barakar Formation in this block. Among these, seam

Rampur-I, II, III, IV, Lajkura-I, IIB, IIT1 and Lajkura-IV are the most potential thick

coal horizons in this block. The sequence of coal seams within proposed mining

area is given in Table below:

Table 2.7: Average effective thickness of seams

Seam Thickness (in m.)

average range

SEAM-LAJKURA-IV 12.92 1-17

PARTING 12.14 3-30

SEAM-LAJKURA-III 4.08 1-6

PARTING 2.19 1-7

SEAM-LAJKURA-II T3 1.51 1-3

PARTING 2.29 1-7


PARTING 2.04 1-8


PARTING 1.97 1-7

SEAM-LAJKURA-II B 5.75 2-12

PARTING 3.03 1-34

SEAM-LAJKURA-I 10.75 1-18

PARTING 52.79 31-95

SEAM-RAMPUR-V 4.53 1-8

PARTING 2.20 1-11

SEAM-RAMPUR-IV 13.27 4-18

PARTING 1.92 1-10

SEAM-RAMPUR-IVB 1.68 1-4

PARTING 2.72 1-8

SEAM-RAMPUR-III 8.02 2-12

PARTING 2.27 1-7

SEAM-RAMPUR-II 2.74 1-9

PARTING 2.71 1-9

SEAM-RAMPUR-I 5.99 1-15

PARTING 4.17 1-19

SEAM-IB TOP 1.68 1-7

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PARTING 4.69 1-15

SEAM-IB MIDDLE 4.85 1-10

PARTING 2.87 1-15

SEAM-IB BOTTOM 1.69 1-4

DETAILS OF INSEAM BANDS The coal seams, especially Rampur and Lajkura, are highly interbanded.

Due to occurrence of dirt bands in large numbers, there was difficulty in assigning

roof and floor and also the in-seam dirt bands of 1 metre and above in thickness.

Table-2.8 Details of in seam bands

Seam Inseam bandThickness (in m.)

average range

SEAM-LAJKURA-IV 1.93 1-4


SEAM-LAJKURA-IIB 1.72 1-4

SEAM-LAJKURA-I 2.53 1-15

SEAM-RAMPUR-V 1.29 1-3

SEAM-RAMPUR-IV 3.20 1-10

SEAM-RAMPUR-III 1.69 1-7

SEAM-RAMPUR-I 1.54 1-7

Table – 2.9 : Coal Sample Analysis (value in PPM)

Hg As Se Pb Cr Co Cu Ne Zn Mg

Coal Sample ND 1.64 0.37 52.67 65.52 16.06 33.23 55.79 162.39 109.02

N.D : Not detected.

Agency : Central Institute of Mining & Fuel Research, Dhanbad.

This is a new mine, coal sample analysis was done for Lajkura seam for

Lajkura OCP. The coal sample analysis for this mine will be done after opening of

the mine. Both seams (Lajkura and Rampur) are contemporary in occurrence.

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2.4 MINE TARGET, LIFE AND RESERVE

Table 2.10: Mine target, life and reserve

Particulars

Mine target (Mt) 50.0 Mty

Year of achieving peak targeted production

Year - 9

Project life (Years) 38 ( including 2 years construction period)

Minable Reserve (Mt) 1547.82

Overburden (M.cum.) 2269.69

External OB dump

There will be two external dumps.

(External dump will be re-handled during

post closure)

2.5 MINE DETAILS

2.5.1 Present status of the project

The proposed project is a new project. Mine plan and Mine Closure Plan

has been approved in 198th MCL Board held on 31-01-2018 (Annexure I).

Application for forest diversion of 349.709 Ha made online vide proposal no.

FP/OR/MIN/32796/2018 (Annexure - II). TOR has been issued vide letter no.J-

11015/230/2014-IA.II(M) dated 09th July, 2018 issued by MoEF&CC, New Delhi.

2.5.2 Status of mine

Siarmal OCP (50.0 Mty) is a proposed project.

2.5.3 Proposed mining technology: Different technologies like shovel-dumper mining, dragline mining, bucket

wheel excavator mining and surface miner-payloader-truck mining are available for

opencast mining. Sometimes combination of several methods of mining are

adopted to suit particular type of mining situations.

Shovel-dumper system is very flexible and also offers convenient mining

operations to deal with sudden occurrences of unworkable or poor quality patches

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and change of floor position due to repeated faulting and varying seam gradient

and thickness. It also offers flexibility for easy transition to any other technology or

equipment configuration. The technology is well known and advantageous to get

skilled manpower. So shovel-dumper mining method is adopted for overburden

removal and partial coal extraction.

Surface-miner excavation is still limited to winning coal only. This method

of mining by deploying outsourcing agencies has become very popular in Talcher

& Ib valley coalfield. There are many advantages in this technology, of avoiding

drilling, blasting, crushing of coal and related environmental hazards, improvement

in grade of ROM coal by removing thin bands, clean surface for transport etc.

Ideally, surface miners require working space of about 400 m length and about 50

m width for its optimum use. The high-wall angle required is comparatively flatter

to shovel-dumper system. This bench geometry makes overall working angle

flatter which will generate more overburden compared to shovel-dumper system if

the seams are thin with thick intermediate parting. But as seams Lajkura-IV,

IIT1,IIB,I and Rampur-IV,III,I are thick seams with number of bands, surface miner

will be introduced in these seams. Other thin seams and lower seams with thick

intermediate parting. But as seams Lajkura-IV, IIT1, IIB, I and Rampur-IV, III, I are

thick seams with number of bands, surface miner will be introduced in these

seams. Other thin seams and lower seams with thick intermediate partings will be

worked by either surface miner or shovel-dumper system depending on geological

and geotechnical conditions. As the seam gradient is relatively flat (around 30 to

40), coal and the parting will be worked by parallel slicing method (working along

seam floor) whereas top overburden and thick parting between Rampur and

Lajkura seam will be removed by level slicing method.

2.6 GEO-MINING CHARACTERISTICS

Table 2.11: Geo-mining Characteristics

Sl. Particulars Unit Q-1 Q-2 Total

1 Quarry floor area ha 559.00 489.40 1048.40

2 Quarry surface area ha 877.77 668.55 1546.32

3 Mineable reserve Mt 884.76 663.06 1547.82

4 Overburden Mcum 1147.56 1122.13 2269.69

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5 Stripping ratio* cum/t 1.30 1.69 1.47

6 No. of workable seams/ sections No. 16 16 16

7 Annual capacity Mt 50

8 Life (including 2 years of construction period)

Years 24 18 38

9 Average seam gradient Degrees 3.7 4.4

10 Strike length(along floor)

Maximum m 2750 3200 5950

Minimum m 2200 1400 3600

11 Strike length(along surface)

Maximum m 3500 3500 7000

Minimum m 2600 1600 4200

12 Quarry depth

Maximum m 335 360

Minimum m 115 90

13 Quarry perimeter m 18385

14 Dip-rise length

Along floor m 2300 2200

Along surface m 2900 2800

* working stripping ratio will be around 1.63 cum/t considering 246.04 Mcum OB

rehandling of temporary external dumping in quarry-2 area.

2.7 OTHER PARAMETERS OF THE PROJECT

2.7.1. MANPOWER Manpower for OB removal, coal extraction together with common services

and land reclamation considering 330 working days and 16.5% absenteeism in a

year has been estimated for all the variants. Office and allied functions shall be

computerized. Security, canteen and some other services are proposed to be

hired, as decided by MCL. Modern communication facilities shall be adopted.

Essential numbers of vehicles has been provided and the required numbers of

drivers has been provided for the same in variant-ii. Other vehicles which will be

required is proposed to be provided on hire basis. Manpower assessment for

departmental variant is given below:

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Table 2.12: Manpower details

Sl. No. Particulars No of persons upto target year (9th yr)

No of persons beyond target year.

1 OB 854 400

2 Coal 484 21

3 Common 1609 357

4 Land reclamation 48 --

Total 2995 778

2.7.2 PUMPING AND DRAINAGE

The principal drainage in the block is controlled by Basundhara river

flowing west to east on the northern side of the block. The Chattanjhor flowing in

the eastern boundary of the block controls the local drainage. Chattanjhor

maintains base flow even in the summer.

The following considerations have been made for calculating the pumping

requirement and selection of pumps:

1. Garland drains shall be developed in advance for each stage of mine

working so that water is collected by the garland drains and discharged to

the nearby streams of Basundhara river.

2. Excavated mine area and its depth.

3. Maximum rainfall per day (325mm continuous rainfall for 24 hours).

4. Pumping requirement has been assessed on the basis that the make of

water on the day of maximum rainfall will be pumped out in following five

days.

5. Coal and OB working faces and the haul roads shall be maintained free of

water as far as possible.

6. Within the quarry, the faces shall be so laid that water from the working

areas shall flow into the sump by gravity. From the sump the water will be

pumped out to the surface and will flow into the surface drainage system.

7. Concurrent backfilling will be done in the de-coaled areas of the quarries.

8. For the purpose of pumping calculation, effective pumping hours per day

has been taken as 18.

9. An adequate number of standby pumps have been provided.

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10. The external dump area has not been considered in the area beyond

excavation and the area of working benches has been included in the

mined out area.

There will be several stages in the quarry including final stage. The stage

wise deployment of different pumps has been calculated.

2.7.3 POWER SUPPLY AND COMMUNICATION

The project will receive power at 33kV from the 33 kV overhead line

coming from 220/33 kV substation at Garjanbahal. Considering the stretch and

progress of mine, it is proposed to construct two separate substations at two

different locations nearby TP-7 and TP-4. The total estimated connected load and

maximum demand (excluding CHP) for both the substations comes to the tune of

76093 kW & 39470 kVA and 73690 kW & 37704 kVA for departmental and out

sourcing variants respectively. This maximum demand has been achieved after

improving the p.f. to 0.98 and considering diversity of 0.8. For improving p.f. to

0.98, adequate capacitor banks have been provided. To meet the above power

demand (in all the three variants) there will be 3 nos. 10 MVA, 33/6.6 kV

transformers in project substation – I and 3 nos. 10 MVA, 33/6.6 kV transformers

in project substation – II to the demands of HEMM, pumping, lighting etc. The

infrastructures will be fed from the respective substations near them.

One separate substation for CHP near TP-2 has been envisaged for CHP

and allied loads for two variants. The CHP substation will receive power at 33 kV

from the 220/33 kV substation at Garjanbahal near the access trench through

double circuit over-head line on towers.

The estimated connected load and maximum demand of the CHP

substations including loads of other infrastructures coming nearby comes

12510.50 kW and 6744.73 kVA. This maximum demand shall be achieved after

considering 80% diversity and improving the system power factor to 0.98 by

providing capacitor banks of adequate capacity.

2.7.4 CHP & DESPATCH ARRANGEMENT

The permanent coal handling arrangement shall have the following major

provisions:

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Initially, two numbers of two stage Twin shaft sizer to crush from

(-) 1200 mm to (-)100 mm will be provided near the first access

trench to handle any coal produced from the conventional system.

Initially, three numbers of Reclaim feeders will be provided near the

first access trench to handle (-) 100mm size blast free coal.

Belt conveyors system in three parallel series from the access trench

up to the proposed washery.

From the washery the washed coal will be transported to the number

of Rapid Load out system with pre-weigh loading arrangement

@5500(av) tph through no of silo/ central dispatch system and

dispatch through the rail.

The loading of the coal to RLS from washery will be the scope under

washery.

Based on the advancement of mine, in the intermediate stage about

60m below twin shaft sizer/ Reclaim feeder will be installed to

handled the inpit coal and dispatch to the main stream on surface by

the series of belt conveyors.

In floor inpit, sets of reclaim feeder with Sizers will also be provided as

the mine reached to the floor.

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Fig 1 : Coal Dispatch Arrangement Flow Diagram

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2.7.5 WORKSHOPS AND STORES Two-tier system of maintenance is envisaged for the plant and machinery

of the project, one at the unit level in the workshop located at the quarry top to

cater to the needs of day-to-day work and the other at Central Workshop for major

overhauls and capital repairs.

The workshops for both HEMM and E&M and stores are proposed to be

located at the same place with separate boundaries. The project stores shall be an

integral part of this complex.

For outsourcing variant, HEMM workshop will be maintained by outsourcing agencies. 2.7.6 CIVIL CONSTRUCTION

Civil works for this project consists of mainly residential buildings, workshop

with allied facilities, colony road and haul road.

The infrastructures are of permanent type. All the residential quarters and service

buildings are of standard specification.

The HEMM workshop complex will have several sheds for maintenance and

repair of dumpers with required washing facilities. For departmental variant

manpower and machine will be provided by MCL. For outsourcing variant the

same will be done by outsourcing agency. There is provision for Project Store to

cater the need for the project and for main substation and substation for CHP.

There will be provision of 2628 quarters for 3773 nos. manpower in variant-I

(Departmental variant). In outsourcing variant the provision for same will be 390

quarters for 590 nos manpower. Proposed site of the township will be selected by

the project officials at the time of execution of buildings

The water supply arrangement basically includes potable and industrial

water demand of the project. For all the variants the total potable and industrial

water demand is estimated to be 10.704 MLD (2.204 MLD + 8.500 MLD). Water

supply scheme is being taken into consideration to cater the need for both

domestic and industrial water supply. Suitable off-takes will be provided for supply

of water.

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2.7.7 WATER DEMAND AND SUPPLY ARRANGEMENT

Table 2.13: Water demand details

Water demand (In MLD)

Potable 2.204

Industrial & fire fighting 8.500

Total 10.704

Source of water

Industrial water demand will be met from Basundhara River till mine voids of

proposed mine is developed for storing mine water.

The potable water requirement will be met through the weir constructed over

Basundhara river till Integrated Water Supply Scheme (IWSS) for the project is

implemented.

2.8 LAND REQUIREMENT (in Ha)

2.8.1 BREAK-UP SHOWING THE TYPES OF LAND REQUIRED FOR THE PROJECT

Table 2.14: During Mining Land Use

Sl. No

Item Forest (Ha.) Non-Forest

(Ha.) Total Area

(Ha.)

1. Quarry excavation 249.58 1296.74 1546.32

2. External OB Dump 17.40 368.68 386.08

3. Embankment 18.00 10.30 28.3

5. Safety zone 3.93 14.662 18.592

6. Infrastructure, Undisturbed Blasting Danger Zone incl

future exp area 60.799 250.358 311.157

Mining lease area 349.709 1940.74 2290.45

7. Residential colony - 70.00 70.00

8. Rehabilitation site - 140.00 140.00

9. Diversion of highway - 28.00 28.00

10. Rail link from project to

Jharsuguda - 52.00 52.00

Total outside mine lease

area (in Ha) - 290.00 290.00

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2.8.2 DETAILS OF LAND USES IN MINE LEASE AREA

Table 2.15: Pre Mining Land Use

Sl.

No. Type of Land ML area (in Ha)

1. Agricultural 1382.408

2. Forest 349.709

3. Waste land 126.216

4. Grazing 131.789

5. Surface water bodies 48.227

6. Settlements 44.970

7. Others 207.131

Mining Lease Area 2290.45

2.9 PROPOSED PRODUCTION SCHEDULE, OB REMOVAL & BACKFILLING

Table 2.16: Calendar Programme

Year COAL (in Mt) OB (in M.cum) Stripping Ratio

Q1 Q2 TOTAL Q1 Q2 TOTAL (in cum/t)

1 1.50 1.50 3.73 3.73 2.49

2 4.00 4.00 4.78 4.78 1.20

3 7.00 7.00 4.78 4.78 0.68

4 10.00 10.00 12.03 12.03 1.20

5 15.00 15.00 23.87 23.87 1.59

6 22.00 22.00 26.92 26.92 1.22

7 30.00 30.00 37.22 37.22 1.24

8 40.00 40.00 49.67 49.67 1.24

9 50.00 50.00 60.00 60.00 1.20

10 50.00 50.00 66.56 66.56 1.33

11 50.00 50.00 66.56 66.56 1.33

12 50.00 50.00 66.56 66.56 1.33

13 50.00 50.00 65.59 65.59 1.31

14 50.00 50.00 65.59 65.59 1.31

15 50.00 50.00 66.56 66.56 1.33

16 50.00 50.00 72.03 72.03 1.44

17 50.00 50.00 77.50 77.50 1.55

18 50.00 50.00 77.74 77.74 1.55

19 50.00 50.00 77.74 77.74 1.55

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20 50.00 50.00 76.90 2.45 79.35 1.59

21 49.00 1.00 50.00 49.55 2.21 51.76 1.04

22 46.00 4.00 50.00 44.08 7.68 51.76 1.04

23 42.00 8.00 50.00 40.51 18.05 58.56 1.17

24 18.26 31.74 50.00 11.09 45.65 56.74 1.13

25 50.00 50.00 0.00 89.60 89.60 1.79

26 50.00 50.00 0.00 89.16 89.16 1.78

27 50.00 50.00 0.00 94.62 94.62 1.89

28 50.00 50.00 0.00 94.94 94.94 1.90

29 50.00 50.00 0.00 89.45 89.45 1.79

30 50.00 50.00 93.31 93.31 1.87

31 50.00 50.00 93.29 93.29 1.87

32 50.00 50.00 93.30 93.30 1.87

33 50.00 50.00 87.08 87.08 1.74

34 50.00 50.00 70.15 70.15 1.40

35 50.00 50.00 67.95 67.95 1.36

36 30.00 30.00 43.15 43.15 1.44

37 20.00 20.00 35.26 35.26 1.76

38 18.32 18.32 4.83 4.83 0.26

TOTAL 884.76 663.06 1547.82 1147.56 1122.13 2269.69 1.47

Q1 : Quarry 1 (Eastern Quarry) Q2 : Quarry 2 (Western Quarry) DUMPING DETAILS:

Table 2.17: Dumping details

Particulars Quantity

(in Mcum) Top reduced level

(in m)

Backfilling in own quarry 2007.79 350

Backfilling in Basundhara West OCP

77.18 310

External dump 184.72

External dump 1 89.25 390

External dump 2 93.96 380

Embankment 1.51

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Table 2.18: Dumping Schedule

OB INTERNAL BACKFILLING IN EXT DUMP EXT DUMP1 EXT DUMP2 EMBANK- TEMP. EXT REHANDLING

YEAR REMOVAL DUMP BASUNDHARA (to be rehandled (to be rehandled (to be rehandled -MENT DUMP IN OF EXT DUMP

during expansion) during expansion) during expansion) QUARRY-2 IN QUARRY-2

(in Mcum) (in Mcum) (in Mcum) (in Mcum) (in Mcum) (in Mcum) (in Mcum) (in Mcum) (in Mcum)

1 3.73 3.73 3.38 0.35

2 4.78 4.78 4.43 0.35

3 4.78 4.78 4.38 0.40

4 12.03 12.03 11.62 0.41

5 23.87 23.87 23.87

6 26.92 26.92 26.92

7 37.22 17.22 20.00 10.00 10.00

8 49.67 25.00 24.67 4.65 20.02

9 60.00 25.00 35.00 35.00

10 66.56 17.00 9.96 39.60 39.60

11 66.56 25.00 41.56 41.56

12 66.56 35.00 31.56 10.00 21.56

13 65.59 40.00 25.59 10.00 15.59

14 65.59 45.00 20.59 10.07 10.52

15 66.56 50.00 16.56 16.56

16 72.03 55.00 17.03 17.03

17 77.50 60.00 17.50 17.50

18 77.74 64.94 12.80 12.80

19 77.74 77.74

20 79.35 79.35

21 51.76 51.76

22 51.76 51.76

23 58.56 58.56

24 56.74 56.74

25 89.60 89.60

26 89.16 89.16

27 94.62 94.62

28 94.94 94.94

29 89.45 112.86 -23.41 23.41

30 93.31 112.87 -19.56 19.56

31 93.29 112.86 -19.57 19.57

32 93.30 112.87 -19.57 19.57

33 87.08 110.60 -23.52 23.52

34 70.15 96.36 -26.21 26.21

35 67.95 94.15 -26.20 26.2

36 43.15 58.88 -15.73 15.73

37 35.26 45.74 -10.48 10.48

38 4.83 14.43 -9.60 9.6

TOTAL 2269.69 2007.79 77.18 184.72 89.25 93.96 1.51 193.85 193.85

2.10 VEHICULAR TRAFFIC DENSITY

Table 2.19: Vehicular Traffic

TYPE For the proposed activity (Estimated)

Two wheelers 1686

Light motor vehicle 95

Heavy vehicle 399

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2.11 MINERAL(S) TRANSPORTATION OUTSIDE THE ML AREA

(QTY. IN TPD) Table 2.20: Tranportation details

Qty (in TPD ) Percentage (%)

(a) Road - -

(b) Rail 151515 100

(c) Conveyors - -

(d) Ropeway - -

(e) Waterways - -

(f) Pipeline - -

(g) Others (specify) - -

Total 151515 100

2.12 WELFARE OF EMPLOYEES

The following facilities will be given for the employees of the project :

Table 2.21: Welfare Facilities

Sl. No.

Facilities for employees Area (m2)

1. Vehicle Parking area 150

2. Dispensary 200

3. 11 bedded hospital 595

4. Officer’s club 350

5. First Aid Centre (2 No.) 17

6. Primary School 277

7. Worker’s Institute 341

8. Post Office 56

9. Lavatories & Urinals (2 No.) 52

10. Officers rest house 552

11. Staff rest house 284

12. Canteen (service building) 332

13. Shopping Centre 193

14. Training centre 74

15. Group Training Centre 246

16. Rest shelter (2 No.) 39

17. Garage 340

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Sl. No.

Facilities for employees Area (m2)

18. Scooter / cycle shed 600

19. Staff club 181

20. Bus stand 39

21. Parks and playground & land development L.S

22. Community hall 450

23. Bank building 202

24. Police Station 25

2.13 OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH ISSUE

MCL has full-fledged medical set up to check up and monitor all the

Occupational diseases endangering the health of the workmen. The periodical

medical examination of all the workmen will be carried out as per statute with the

purpose of detecting and keeping records of diseases with specific importance to

Coal Worker’s Pneumoconiosis.

2.14 LITIGATION / PENDING CASES

There are no litigation/pending cases.

2.15 DETAILS OF EQUIPMENT & RATIONAL FOR SELECTION OF EQUIPMENT

Table 2.22: Details of Equipment

SL. EQUIPMENT NAME SIZE TOTAL NO

A. OVERBURDEN

1. ELEC. HYDRAULIC SHOVEL 20-23 cum 18

2. HYDRAULIC SHOVEL/ BACKHOE 10-12 cum 8

4. REAR DUMPER 190-205 T 146

5. REAR DUMPER 100 T 101

6. ELC. R.B.H. DRILL Dia 250 mm 26

7. ELC. R.B.H. DRILL 150-170 mm 8

8. RIPPER DOZER 850-870 H.P. 12

9. DOZER/ RIPPER DOZER 410 H.P. 18

B. COAL

1. SURFACE MINER, 800-1000HP 3800mm drum 16

2. HYDRAULIC SHOVEL/ BACKHOE 10-12 cum 1

3. FRONT END LOADER 10-12 cum 16

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4. DUMP TRUCK/TIPPER 100 T 77

5. ELC. R.B.H. DRILL 150-170 mm 1

6. DOZER 410 H.P. 8

7. WHEEL DOZER 460 H.P. 8

C. COMMON

1. TELESCOPIC HYD. CRANE 75 T 1

2. TELESCOPIC HYD. CRANE 50-55 T 1

3. TELESCOPIC HYD. CRANE 20 T 2

4. SERVICE CRANE 8 T 5

5. DIESEL HYD. BACKHOE 1.5-1.7 cum. 4

6. FRONT END LOADER 2-2.5 cum 4

7. GRADER 280 H.P. 4

8. WATER SPRINKLER 70 KL 3

9. WATER SPRINKLER 28 KL 6

10. FUEL BOWSER 9 KL 3

11. FIRE TENDER

2

12. MAINTENANCE VAN

5

13. VIBRATORY COMPACTOR

2

14. TYRE HANDLER

3

15. TIPPING TRUCK 8 T 10

16. ROAD SWEEPER 2

D. LAND RECLAMATION

1. DOZER WITH WIDE ANGLE BLADE 410 HP 5

2. DOZER 410 HP 2

3. FRONT END LOADER 2-2.5 cum. 3

4. TIPPING TRUCK 8T 10

5. TRACTOR WITH TWO TRAILORS

3

2.16 DIVERSION OF ROAD & DRAINAGE

The existing State Highway from Sundargarh to Raigarh is proposed to be

diverted since it passes across the Kulda and Siarmal OCP. The alignment of the

proposed diversion will be initially along embankment of Basundhara river

temporarily and later it will be to the south of the proposed Siarmal OCP as

decided by the project authority.

Straightening of Chattanjhor is also proposed.

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2.17 CONSTRUCTION OF EMBANKMENT AGAINST WATER BODIES

It is proposed to construct an embankment with a height of 3 m above HFL

against Basundhara river and Chaturdhara Nala to protect the mine working from

in rush of river water during rainy season. Soon after the commencement of OB

removal, the embankment work will start with the OB material of the mine. A

quantity of 1.51 Mm3 OB will be accommodated in the embankment work. A

provision of Rs. 42.51 Crs kept for embankment work. A part of Chhattajhor nala

will be straightened at the cost of Rs.6.52 crs covering a length of 500m.

2.18 USE OF NATURAL RESOURCES

This is a proposed opencast mine. No timber is used for the

operation of the mine.

The minimum water requirement has been assessed as the water

demand for this project and necessary approval for drawing the water

from the competent authority will be obtained.

The minimum Land has been considered for the mining activities for

this project.

Minimum Electrical Energy requirement has been assessed in the

project report.

Fuel consumption has been assessed for the Coal & OB as per

norms.

2.19 ECONOMIC PARAMETERS Fig in Rs.Crores

Initial capital outlay : 3756.36

EMP capital investment : 738.26

Total cost of mine closure (Cost base Nov 2017) @ Rs.8.4 lakh for 2226.25 Ha Lease area and @ 5% annual compound interest

: 614.75

Total CSR Cost(@ Rs.2/- for entire project life) : 309.56

However , fund for CSR will be allocated based on 2% of the average net

profit of the company for the three immediate preceding financial years or Rs. 2.00

per tonne of coal production of the previous year whichever is higher.

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Chapter–3

DESCRIPTION OF ENVIRONMENT

3.1 PRESENT ENVIRONMENTAL SCENARIO

The present environmental scenario has been described in this chapter with

respect of ambient air quality, water and effluent quality, noise level measurement,

land use/cover pattern, socio-economic scenario, bio-diversity, hydrogeology and

places of religious, historical archaeological importance.

The area under study is the core zone and buffer zone ie. 10 km radius from

the mine lease.

3.2 AMBIENT AIR QUALITY

Baseline data w.r.t ambient air quality had been generated by Ecomen

Laboratories Pvt Ltd, Lucknow during 4th November 2017 to 3rd February 2018. The

data has been given in this chapter with the following objectives:

To assess the present air quality in the buffer zone to provide the basis

for study of short-term as well as long-term trends of pollutant

concentration when the mine will reach its full production capacity.

To provide the baseline data for subsequent development of air

pollution prevention and control programme. The present ambient air

quality assessment deals with the following items:

Inventory of existing pollution sources.

Present ambient air quality study.

Climate

The area experiences a sub-tropical warm temperature. About 70% of rainfall

occurs during rainy season i.e. June to Sept. As per IMD data of Jharuguda 2016 the

highest 24 hourly rainfall occurs in the month of August 63.20 mm. The temperature

varies from 7.7oC to 38.9oC. The predominant wind direction is SW to NW.

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Micro Meteorological Condition

A micro meteorological station has been installed for Siarmal Project over the roof of

Basundhara Guest House during the study period (4th November 2017 to 3rd February

2018). The predominant wind direction has been observed from S to N during the

study period. The average wind speed was 0.23 m/s and 83.47 % calm conditions

were prevailing in study area.

Figure 3.1: Windrose diagram showing predominant wind direction

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3.2.1 INVENTORY OF EXISTING POLLUTION SOURCES

The existing pollution sources along with the pollutants are given belows:

Table-3.1: Inventory of existing pollution sources

Source Major

Pollutants

(A) From existing OCPs/OCMs

Drilling, blasting, transportation, loading and unloading of OB and coal,

OB dump formation, OB dump and coal stack surfaces, movement of

vehicles, operation of HEMMs besides fire in coal faces and coal stacks

PM10, PM2.5,

SO2 and NOX

(B) Non-mining activities

Road traffic and burning of fuel for domestic purposes PM10, PM2.5,

SO2 and NOX

The mining and other industrial activities along with non-mining activities like

road traffic, burning of coal for domestic and commercial purposes, etc. are the

potential sources of the ambient air pollution in the area.

3.2.2 PRESENT AMBIENT AIR QUALITY STUDY

Present air quality data have been generated as per the guidelines of CPCB

and in line with Point No.21(b) of the Questionnaire (Proforma for Environmental

Appraisal of Mining Projects) and as per the ToR issued by MoEF&CC. Twenty four

(24) hourly data have been generated for each parameter i.e. PM10, PM2.5, SO2, NOX,

at each monitoring station for two days in a week for four consecutive weeks in a

month for three months i.e. 4th Nov 2017 to 3rd Feb 2018. Heavy metals (As, Ni, Pb,

Cd, Cr, Hg) were monitored for once in a month at each station.

Location of air sampling stations

To assess the ambient air quality, sampling stations were fixed on the basis

of meteorological parameters like predominant wind direction based on IMD

data and wind speeds besides physiography of the area. The locations of air

sampling stations are shown in Plate No.-XI and the details are given in the

Table-3.2.

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Table-3.2: Description of Air Sampling Spots

S. No.

Location Name

Coordinates of the Location Classified

Area Distance/Direction

In Km Latitude Longitude

1.0 Gopalpur 22003’26”N 83042’15”E Core Zone ---

2.0 Siarmal 22002’55”N 83044’34”E Core Zone ---

3.0 Rampia 22006’47”N 83041’2”E Buffer Zone 7.8,NW

4.0 Sumura 22006’36’’N 83042’13’’E Buffer Zone 5.57 N

5.0 Kanikalan 22005’34”N 83045’24”E Buffer Zone 7.6,NE

6.0 Barpali 22002’13”N 83046’49”E Buffer Zone 8.40, E

7.0 Kaurikalan 2200’10.44”N 83042’2.98”E Buffer Zone 5.20,SE

8.0 Garjanjore 2202’4’’N 83037’40’’E Buffer Zone 3.83 W

9.0 Mundelkhet 2203’47’’N 83037’40’’E Buffer Zone 4.22 NW

10.0 Ghogharpali 2205’11’’N 83038’47’’E Buffer Zone 3.47 NW

Methodology and instruments used for air quality analysis

It is given in the following table:

Table 3.3: Methodology & Instruments used for Air Quality Analysis

Sl.

No.

Parameters Method Instruments

1 PM10, PM2.5 IS:5182 (Part-IV)

(Gravimetric method)

Respirable dust samplers,

electronic balance, oven, etc.

2 SO2 IS:5182 (Part-II) (Sodium

tetrachloromercurate method,

also known as improved West

and Gaeke Method)

(Photometric method)

Spectrophotometer.

3 NOX IS:5182 (Part-VI)

(Jacob & Hoccheiser Modified

Method) (Photometric

method)

-do-

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Parameters for monitoring

The following parameters were monitored for assessment of air quality :

Particulate matter (PM10)

Particulate matter (PM2.5)

Sulphur dioxide (SO2)

Nitrogen oxides (NOX)

Heavy metal (Pb, As,Ni, Hg,Cr, Cd) (Once in a month)

Frequency of air sampling

Air samples were collected as per guidelines of CPCB at 24 hourly intervals

for two days in a week for four (4) consecutive weeks in a month for all the

three months i.e., NOV 2017 to FEB 2018. Heavy metal sample collected

once in a month during study period.

Results

The analytical results of air samples are given in Table-3.4 to 3.14. The

analytical results are also summarised below in the following table.

(A) Table – 3.4 : Summary of Ambient Air Quality Data for Nov 2017 to Feb 2018

Units in (µg/m3)

Village Name Brief Statistic PM10 PM2.5 SO2 NOX

Gopalpur

Maximum 90.76 54.54 23.60 32.70

Minimum 62.65 24.89 10.40 15.90

Average 75.33 34.57 17.47 24.32

98%tile 90.08 54.045 23.3 32.6

Siarmal

Maximum 90.20 56.80 23.40 34.50

Minimum 66.70 20.99 9.10 14.50

Average 75.24 35.95 16.20 22.94

98%tile 89.9 54.3 22.35 32.5

Rampia

Maximum 85.40 50.65 21.70 30.90

Minimum 65.76 26.66 8.50 8.40

Average 75.30 36.50 15.34 23.82

98%tile 85 50.27 21.05 30.25

Sumura

Maximum 82.60 44.78 17.09 27.86

Minimum 60.65 27.60 13.87 25.32

Average 73.20 33.28 15.88 26.44

98%tile 81.795 44.19 17.035 27.83

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Village Name Brief Statistic PM10 PM2.5 SO2 NOX

Kanikalan

Maximum 91.22 56.74 21.10 29.33

Minimum 64.47 33.89 8.56 11.80

Average 76.91 45.67 14.04 20.54

98%tile 89.71 55.7 20.48 29.01

Barpali

Maximum 89.90 53.50 21.33 32.41

Minimum 60.70 24.56 8.55 14.21

Average 74.05 33.59 16.11 23.33

98%tile 88.8 49.075 20.915 31.025

Kaurikalan

Maximum 94.80 57.87 20.30 30.60

Minimum 64.88 24.78 9.60 14.66

Average 78.58 38.20 15.29 23.13

98%tile 92.73 57.71 19.955 30.55

Garjanjore

Maximum 93.44 57.87 14.98 23.80

Minimum 65.60 26.77 10.88 18.98

Average 76.60 36.73 13.09 21.56

98%tile 91.49 54.26 14.79 23.75

Mundelkhet

Maximum 90.30 55.90 21.71 30.22

Minimum 65.87 28.55 9.99 16.39

Average 78.58 37.19 16.15 23.12

98%tile 90.25 52.94 21.29 30.01

Ghogharpali

Maximum 90.70 52.65 17.99 34.89

Minimum 67.00 28.77 15.20 26.95

Average 79.42 38.15 16.71 29.91

98%tile 90.05 50.76 17.895 33.56

NAAQ Standard 100 60 80 80

(B) Heavy Metals Results of Heavy Metal analysis of Siarmal OCP is as follows:

Table – 3.4 a : Analysis of Heavy Metals in PM10 Samples

Monitoring Station: Gopalpur Village

Month Units Nov. Dec. Jan. Standards

Date of Sampling 20-11-17 18-12-17 16-01-18

Lead (Pb) (µg/m3) <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 1.0 (24 hourly)

Arsenic (As) (ng/m3) <1.0 <1.0 <1.0 6.0(Annual)

Nickel (Ni) (ng/m3) <1.0 <1.0 <1.0 20(Annual)

Mercury (Hg) (ng/m3) <1.0 <1.0 <1.0

Chromium (Cr) (µg/m3) <0.01 <0.01 <0.01

Cadmium (Cd) (µg/m3) <0.1 <0.1 <0.1

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Monitoring Station: Siarmal Village


Date of Sampling 22-11-17 20-12-17 18-01-18




Mercury (Hg) (ng/m3) <1.0 <1.0 <1.0

Chromium (Cr) (µg/m3) <0.01 <0.01 <0.01

Cadmium (Cd) (µg/m3) <0.1 <0.1 <0.1

Monitoring Station: Rampia Village


Date of Sampling 20-11-17 18-12-17 16-01-18




Mercury (Hg) (ng/m3) <1.0 <1.0 <1.0

Chromium (Cr) (µg/m3) <0.01 <0.01 <0.01

Cadmium (Cd) (µg/m3) <0.1 <0.1 <0.1

Monitoring Station: Kanikalan Village


Date of Sampling 18-11-17 16-12-17 19-01-18



Nickel (Ni) (ng/m3) 1.5 <1.0 <1.0 20(Annual)

Mercury (Hg) (ng/m3) <1.0 <1.0 <1.0

Chromium (Cr) (µg/m3) <0.01 <0.01 <0.01

Cadmium (Cd) (µg/m3) <0.1 <0.1 <0.1

Monitoring Station: Barpali Village


Date of Sampling 22-11-17 20-12-17 18-01-18




Mercury (Hg) (ng/m3) <1.0 <1.0 <1.0

Chromium (Cr) (µg/m3) <0.01 <0.01 <0.01

Cadmium (Cd) (µg/m3) <0.1 <0.1 <0.1

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Monitoring Station: Kaurikalan Village


Date of Sampling 18-11-17 16-12-17 19-01-18




Mercury (Hg) (ng/m3) <1.0 <1.0 <1.0

Chromium (Cr) (µg/m3) <0.01 <0.01 <0.01

Cadmium (Cd) (µg/m3) <0.1 <0.1 <0.1

Monitoring Station: Ghogharpali Village


Date of Sampling 20-11-17 18-12-17 16-01-18




Mercury (Hg) (ng/m3) <1.0 <1.0 <1.0

Chromium (Cr) (µg/m3) <0.01 <0.01 <0.01

Cadmium (Cd) (µg/m3) <0.1 <0.1 <0.1

Monitoring Station: Mundelkhet Village


Date of Sampling 22-11-17 20-12-17 18-01-18




Mercury (Hg) (ng/m3) <1.0 <1.0 <1.0

Chromium (Cr) (µg/m3) <0.01 <0.01 <0.01

Cadmium (Cd) (µg/m3) <0.1 <0.1 <0.1

Monitoring Station: Sumura village


Date of Sampling 14-11-17 27-12-17 07-01-18




Mercury (Hg) (ng/m3) <1.0 <1.0 <1.0

Chromium (Cr) (µg/m3) <0.01 <0.01 <0.01

Cadmium (Cd) (µg/m3) <0.1 <0.1 <0.1

CMPDI


Monitoring Station: Garjanjore Village


Date of Sampling 18-11-17 16-12-17 19-01-18




Mercury (Hg) (ng/m3) <1.0 <1.0 <1.0

Chromium (Cr) (µg/m3) <0.01 <0.01 <0.01

Cadmium (Cd) (µg/m3) <0.1 <0.1 <0.1

Table-3.5 Base Line Air Quality

Gopalpur Village

Units in µg/m3

Date PM10 PM2.5 SO2 NO2

06.11.2017 66.76 28.67 20.50 31.20

07.11.2017 76.77 34.50 17.30 28.70

13.11.2017 66.77 28.33 18.60 25.40

14.11.2017 75.34 30.56 10.50 21.10

20.11.2017 80.40 39.44 16.90 20.20

21.11.2017 89.40 54.54 15.60 22.90

27.11.2017 80.65 41.33 13.90 19.70

28.11.2017 74.40 35.22 14.70 21.90

04.12.2017 65.50 26.40 23.60 32.50

05.12.2017 81.40 42.33 20.50 32.00

11.12.2017 80.60 37.85 18.90 27.40

12.12.2017 68.98 27.40 21.60 29.60

18.12.2017 73.44 34.55 17.90 23.60

19.12.2017 80.54 35.34 22.90 31.20

25.12.2017 85.76 43.55 21.40 29.60

26.12.2017 72.45 32.65 17.90 23.10

01.01.2018 90.76 53.55 14.80 18.00

02.01.2018 65.67 25.44 16.90 21.20

08.01.2018 76.77 34.66 17.30 22.90

09.01.2018 79.60 38.61 15.80 19.80

15.01.2018 66.77 25.44 12.00 17.40

16.01.2018 68.22 24.89 10.40 15.90

22.01.2018 70.87 28.76 15.00 17.40

23.01.2018 81.33 33.55 17.40 18.00

29.01.2018 76.77 35.76 19.00 28.90

30.01.2018 62.65 25.49 23.00 32.70

Standard 100.00 60.00 80.00 80.00

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Table-3.6 Base Line Air Quality

Siarmal Village

Units in µg/m3

Date 24 hourly

PM10 PM2.5 SO2 NO2

08.11.2017 70.60 30.88 16.90 21.40

09.11.2017 78.30 38.88 9.10 15.47

15.11.2017 68.70 28.90 21.30 30.50

16.11.2017 80.60 45.88 17.40 23.51

22.11.2017 84.60 48.93 14.30 20.60

23.11.2017 66.70 25.76 20.40 27.80

29.11.2017 80.70 48.55 23.40 34.50

30.11.2017 68.95 27.77 12.00 19.80

06.12.2017 79.99 36.96 15.50 22.60

07.12.2017 73.60 33.77 13.10 19.60

13.12.2017 80.60 41.90 18.90 23.50

14.12.2017 74.90 32.70 17.40 26.90

20.12.2017 71.50 30.90 16.40 21.30

21.12.2017 67.88 25.77 10.20 15.90

27.12.2017 73.80 39.87 9.87 14.50

28.12.2017 70.90 32.10 14.63 21.50

03.01.2018 72.77 33.50 15.41 23.60

04.01.2018 80.90 46.66 18.74 22.80

10.01.2018 90.20 56.80 17.41 24.56

11.01.2018 89.60 51.80 12.36 18.90

17.01.2018 74.70 33.60 21.25 28.90

18.01.2018 70.50 31.20 18.74 24.97

24.01.2018 67.88 29.05 14.20 21.47

25.01.2018 69.90 20.99 17.96 23.52

31.01.2018 76.70 32.80 14.63 21.80

01.02.2018 70.80 28.77 19.70 26.50

Standard 100.00 60.00 80.00 80.00

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Table-3.7 Base Line Air Quality Data

Rampia Village

Units in µg/m3

DATE PM10 PM2.5 SO2 NO2

06.11.2017 66.77 27.60 13.20 19.20

07.11.2017 78.66 36.40 18.50 26.50

13.11.2017 69.70 28.90 17.00 24.70

14.11.2017 81.50 43.50 14.50 23.10

20.11.2017 78.40 36.45 10.20 18.90

21.11.2017 74.50 34.50 9.50 14.70

27.11.2017 80.50 41.60 8.40 12.80

28.11.2017 76.30 37.54 12.30 19.80

04.12.2017 70.80 29.85 18.20 25.60

05.12.2017 80.50 40.60 17.43 27.60

11.12.2017 84.60 44.65 20.40 26.30

12.12.2017 69.78 27.45 19.60 24.80

18.12.2017 85.40 49.70 16.30 23.90

19.12.2017 69.65 26.75 10.20 28.40

25.12.2017 80.44 44.66 16.30 24.00

26.12.2017 78.40 37.86 10.50 27.60

01.01.2018 82.40 50.65 14.90 22.60

02.01.2018 72.30 34.23 13.50 20.90

08.01.2018 75.50 37.66 19.30 25.80

09.01.2018 75.40 41.10 18.50 23.90

15.01.2018 79.34 49.90 14.60 29.60

16.01.2018 69.70 28.75 13.60 22.80

22.01.2018 70.40 30.65 21.70 30.90

23.01.2018 65.76 26.66 17.60 27.40

29.01.2018 67.70 28.95 15.80 22.30

30.01.2018 73.40 32.40 16.90 25.20

Standard 100.00 60.00 80.00 80.00

CMPDI


Table-3.8 Base Line Air Quality Data

Kanikalan Village Units in µg/m3

DATE 24 HOURLY

PM10 PM2.5 SO2 NO2

04.11.2017 69.40 47.88 14.70 22.50

10.11.2017 74.54 51.22 15.40 25.70

11.11.2017 87.67 56.74 18.60 23.80

17.11.2017 81.22 51.34 12.50 20.80

18.11.2017 87.90 54.66 18.20 28.70

24.11.2017 85.42 52.98 17.50 23.40

25.11.2017 74.49 49.00 8.70 14.80

01.12.2017 69.88 37.77 10.20 19.60

02.12.2017 83.22 50.98 12.30 17.80

08.12.2017 76.89 44.75 17.50 22.70

09.12.2017 65.43 34.91 16.50 23.70

15.12.2017 78.88 41.22 9.60 14.50

16.12.2017 64.47 48.31 18.20 27.80

22.12.2017 79.89 51.23 12.10 16.20

23.12.2017 72.34 47.66 10.96 13.20

29.12.2017 64.55 38.41 9.63 11.80

30.12.2017 69.35 41.22 13.50 17.40

05.01.2018 72.33 46.67 17.41 21.30

06.01.2018 67.90 33.89 10.20 18.60

12.01.2018 74.31 39.42 9.87 15.32

13.01.2018 69.00 41.36 8.56 13.20

19.01.2018 86.82 47.31 12.30 19.60

20.01.2018 91.22 52.33 14.10 21.30

26.01.2018 85.44 45.33 15.63 23.20

27.01.2018 78.93 39.42 19.87 29.33

02.02.2018 88.21 41.33 21.10 27.80

Standard 100.00 60.00 80.00 80.00

CMPDI


Table-3.9 BASE LINE AIR QUALITY DATA

Barpali Village

Units in µg/m3

DATE 24 HOURLY

PM10 PM2.5 SO2 NO2

08.11.2017 69.90 30.50 17.40 27.40

09.11.2017 76.50 34.50 16.90 25.21

15.11.2017 67.60 29.98 20.50 27.80

16.11.2017 77.50 32.40 18.70 29.60

22.11.2017 76.70 34.30 19.40 26.30

23.11.2017 80.60 39.66 11.20 18.00

29.11.2017 87.70 44.65 14.70 20.90

30.11.2017 70.80 34.60 20.40 28.50

06.12.2017 69.70 32.55 17.60 23.67

07.12.2017 86.70 43.50 15.40 23.97

13.12.2017 76.70 35.76 13.20 18.20

14.12.2017 60.70 25.40 9.60 16.30

20.12.2017 70.20 30.50 14.71 21.36

21.12.2017 80.54 38.55 18.63 24.21

27.12.2017 73.60 34.30 19.85 26.34

28.12.2017 63.50 25.44 17.42 21.34

03.01.2018 89.90 53.50 15.24 14.21

04.01.2018 68.80 28.66 12.36 18.96

10.01.2018 72.50 32.44 19.52 29.64

11.01.2018 80.50 39.60 21.33 32.41

17.01.2018 69.70 25.44 18.74 24.50

18.01.2018 60.88 24.56 8.55 17.88

24.01.2018 70.87 28.76 12.47 20.50

25.01.2018 80.20 35.70 11.69 19.64

31.01.2018 77.80 33.30 14.69 22.34

01.02.2018 65.30 24.85 18.77 27.41

Standard 100.00 60.00 80.00 80.00

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Kaurikalan Village

Units in µg/m3

DATE 24 HOURLY

PM10 PM2.5 SO2 NO2

04.11.2017 75.66 32.66 13.60 20.60

10.11.2017 80.60 43.54 18.20 27.90

11.11.2017 71.33 32.44 19.50 30.50

17.11.2017 87.55 37.99 20.30 25.50

18.11.2017 84.60 40.77 17.40 29.60

24.11.2017 90.66 57.87 12.60 19.80

25.11.2017 84.44 44.76 9.60 16.40

01.12.2017 70.56 39.66 19.50 25.60

02.12.2017 73.45 30.50 17.40 23.40

08.12.2017 80.76 42.65 19.60 30.60

09.12.2017 80.60 38.76 12.11 18.50

15.12.2017 74.90 28.43 10.30 21.10

16.12.2017 70.50 29.87 18.90 23.60

22.12.2017 89.98 44.55 17.41 28.50

23.12.2017 84.70 39.87 13.30 27.41

29.12.2017 76.66 30.80 11.25 20.51

30.12.2017 80.87 41.44 14.71 18.74

05.01.2018 88.99 47.87 10.85 15.41

06.01.2018 94.80 57.55 9.63 14.66

12.01.2018 81.67 47.87 14.74 21.74

13.01.2018 69.88 25.65 12.30 18.96

19.01.2018 75.50 35.98 17.80 26.77

20.01.2018 71.34 38.35 19.61 29.31

26.01.2018 67.89 25.66 14.20 21.44

27.01.2018 70.40 32.80 15.32 20.98

02.02.2018 64.88 24.78 17.41 23.77

Standard 100.00 60.00 80.00 80.00

CMPDI



Garjanjore Village

Units in µg/m3

DATE 24 HOURLY

PM10 PM2.5 SO2 NO2

04.11.2017 70.88 37.40 12.55 21.22

10.11.2017 82.65 43.54 13.22 22.80

11.11.2017 66.77 28.66 12.98 22.44

17.11.2017 69.80 30.56 14.22 23.50

18.11.2017 84.60 48.98 14.20 23.70

24.11.2017 93.44 57.87 12.98 21.43

25.11.2017 80.65 43.65 14.60 22.00

01.12.2017 78.50 40.76 14.20 22.50

02.12.2017 69.76 29.85 13.50 21.10

08.12.2017 88.90 42.65 14.98 23.10

09.12.2017 80.60 38.76 13.87 21.30

15.11.2017 65.60 28.43 12.22 23.80

16.12.2017 70.50 30.50 11.98 20.30

22.12.2017 79.45 32.55 12.65 21.00

23.12.2017 84.65 39.87 10.98 19.05

29.12.2017 78.40 31.15 10.88 18.98

30.12.2017 89.54 50.65 12.43 21.40

05.01.2018 70.80 35.67 13.82 20.22

06.01.2018 75.50 30.89 12.40 19.90

12.01.2018 80.65 45.65 11.20 19.30

13.01.2018 71.30 29.90 12.76 20.80

19.01.2018 80.60 40.51 13.98 21.05

20.01.2018 75.30 28.76 12.00 22.44

26.01.2018 65.76 26.77 13.50 23.05

27.01.2018 70.40 32.80 13.76 20.90

03.02.2018 66.54 28.15 14.35 23.20

Standard 100.00 60.00 80.00 80.00

CMPDI



Sumura Village

Units in µg/m3

DATE 24 HOURLY

PM10 PM2.5 SO2 NO2

08.11.2017 78.87 37.98 14.43 27.80

09.11.2017 70.80 32.55 13.87 26.98

15.11.2017 68.80 28.30 14.34 25.88

16.11.2017 69.80 29.76 15.98 25.43

22.11.2017 80.30 44.78 15.45 25.77

23.11.2017 82.60 42.70 16.77 26.10

29.11.2017 68.80 27.80 16.98 26.43

30.11.2017 75.76 33.54 17.09 27.86

06.12.2017 60.65 31.40 16.90 26.88

07.12.2017 80.34 31.90 15.76 25.32

13.12.2017 78.44 35.80 15.40 25.79

14.12.2017 65.50 28.96 15.75 25.98

20.12.2017 67.30 29.77 16.09 26.05

21.12.2017 74.00 31.80 16.22 26.35

27.12.2017 69.87 29.80 16.44 26.85

28.12.2017 80.99 32.80 16.43 26.81

03.01.2018 77.70 35.70 15.87 25.77

04.01.2018 71.60 34.50 15.56 25.95

10.01.2018 64.90 30.88 15.78 26.00

11.01.2018 80.70 43.60 15.87 26.32

17.01.2018 70.43 30.40 15.94 26.28

18.01.2018 75.80 34.30 15.32 26.10

24.01.2018 72.34 31.50 15.90 26.62

25.01.2018 70.90 31.60 16.06 27.41

31.01.2018 78.50 35.67 16.01 27.66

01.02.2018 67.44 27.60 16.75 27.01

Standard 100.00 60.00 80.00 80.00

CMPDI



Mundelkhet Village

Units in µg/m3

DATE 24 HOURLY

PM10 PM2.5 SO2 NO2

06.11.2017 87.30 40.30 12.67 18.71

07.11.2017 77.40 38.30 15.87 22.34

13.11.2017 65.87 35.70 17.98 19.89

14.11.2017 69.80 32.10 11.98 17.82

20.11.2017 88.60 47.55 16.71 24.78

21.11.2017 90.30 55.90 13.22 23.10

27.11.2017 84.30 41.50 14.51 20.90

28.11.2017 79.80 36.60 16.87 22.67

04.12.2017 66.80 31.40 12.60 18.78

05.12.2017 88.90 38.90 19.88 24.92

11.12.2017 87.90 37.50 21.71 29.80

12.12.2017 67.80 28.96 17.94 26.78

18.12.2017 69.00 29.77 16.11 22.89

19.12.2017 78.30 34.43 16.00 21.00

25.12.2017 80.20 35.70 9.99 16.39

26.12.2017 80.99 33.80 13.76 19.88

01.01.2018 90.20 49.98 18.92 26.10

02.01.2018 77.40 35.77 15.33 20.98

08.01.2018 68.34 33.35 17.54 26.76

09.01.2018 88.20 47.75 12.00 19.80

15.01.2018 74.50 30.40 19.90 30.22

16.01.2018 80.60 39.86 20.87 26.10

22.01.2018 77.20 30.87 16.54 21.87

23.01.2018 79.44 34.76 18.93 27.99

29.01.2018 74.30 37.20 14.12 22.73

30.01.2018 69.60 28.55 17.89 27.92

Standard 100.00 60.00 80.00 80.00

CMPDI



Ghogharpali Village

Units in µg/m3

DATE 24 HOURLY

PM10 PM2.5 SO2 NO2

06.11.2017 88.40 41.60 17.40 34.89

07.11.2017 78.50 38.43 16.22 30.10

13.11.2017 78.88 37.77 15.32 31.22

14.11.2017 68.90 30.60 17.09 32.23

20.11.2017 77.50 32.50 16.70 29.43

21.11.2017 88.90 43.74 17.80 30.07

27.11.2017 84.30 44.60 17.28 31.10

28.11.2017 72.80 37.70 16.98 28.89

04.12.2017 70.90 36.50 17.03 32.20

05.12.2017 88.90 43.30 15.32 27.99

11.12.2017 74.70 34.87 17.99 29.30

12.12.2017 77.30 33.80 16.30 28.22

18.12.2017 67.00 31.89 15.20 27.10

19.12.2017 72.80 39.80 15.43 26.95

25.12.2017 80.80 52.65 15.85 27.08

26.12.2017 80.99 40.99 16.01 28.65

01.01.2018 90.70 48.87 16.76 29.45

02.01.2018 83.70 46.55 16.87 29.06

08.01.2018 76.30 28.90 17.75 30.88

09.01.2018 89.40 42.68 16.95 30.05

15.01.2018 84.44 36.89 17.05 32.10

16.01.2018 80.90 44.80 16.82 29.97

22.01.2018 81.40 33.54 16.92 28.78

23.01.2018 79.44 29.76 17.02 30.10

29.01.2018 76.89 28.77 17.30 31.08

30.01.2018 70.30 30.45 17.10 30.70

Standard 100.00 60.00 80.00 80.00

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Observations

The average concentration levels (24 hrly.) for PM10, PM2.5, SO2 and

NOx is within permissible limit of the National Ambient Air Quality

Standards (NAAQS). The maximum concentration of PM10 is found in

Gopalpur and Gogharpalli regions.

3.3 WATER QUALITY

Water quality study

Baseline data w.r.t water quality of various inland surface water and

ground water sources had been generated by Ecomen Laboratories Pvt.

Limited, Lucknow. The findings have been incorporated in this chapter.

Location of sampling stations

9 sampling stations covering ground water, surface water and mine

water were selected in the core and buffer zones of the project. The

locations of water sampling stations have been shown in Plate No.-XII and

details are given below:

Table: 3.15: Location of sampling stations

Sl. No.

Location Code

Name of Location Direction w.r.t Centre of Core

Zone

Aerial Distance in km (w.r.t the

Mine boundary)

1. DW1 Jhupranga Village SW 1.6 km

2. DW2 Tumulia Village SE 3.8 km

3. DW3 Siarmal Village E 2.5 km

4. DW4 Balbaspur village W 4.3 km

5. SW1 Godwar pond SE 4.00 km

6. SW2 Tiklipara pond NE 4.3 km

7. SW3 Telandih nala NW 2.7 km

8. SW4 Basundhara nala NE 4.1 km

9. EW1 Kulda mine effluent water NE 3.0 km

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Frequency of sampling

Water samples were collected once in a season from the above villages for

analysis.

Methodology and instruments used for water analysis

Water samples were collected for physical, chemical and bacteriological

parameters taking suitable precautions. The methodology and instruments

used for water analysis are given in Table-3.16 & 3.18.

Table-3.16 : Protocol used for Physical & Inorganic Parameters

(Drinking Water)

Sl. No. Tests Protocol

1. Odour IS 3025 (Part 6) : 1983 Reaffirmed 2002

2. Taste IS 3025 (Part 8) : 1984 Reaffirmed 2002

3. Temperature (0C) APHA 22st EDN.:2012 (2550B)

4. Turbidity as (NTU) IS 3025 (Part 10) : 1984 Reaffirmed 2002

5. pH IS 3025 (Part 11) : 1983 Reaffirmed 2002

6. Total Dissolved Solids as TDS (mg/l)

IS 3025 (Part 15) : 1984 Reaffirmed 2003

7. Alkalinity (mg/l) IS 3025 (Part 23) : 1986 Reaffirmed 2003

8. Total Hardness as CaCO3

(mg/l) IS 3025 (Part21) : 2009

9. Calcium as Ca (mg/l) IS 3025 (Part 40) : 1991 Reaffirmed 2003

10. Copper as Cu (mg/l) IS 3025 (Part 42) : 1992 Reaffirmed 2003

11. Iron as Fe (mg/l) IS 3025 (Part 53) : 2003 Reaffirmed 2009

12. Manganese as Mn (mg/l) IS 3025 (Part59) : 2006

13. Chloride as Cl (mg/l) IS 3025 (Part 32) : 1988 Reaffirmed 2007 (Argentometric Method)

14. Sulfate as SO4 (mg/l) IS 3025 (Part 24) : 1986 Reaffirmed 2003 (Turbidity Method)

15. Nitrate Nitrogen as NO3 (mg/l) IS 3025 (Part34) : 1988 Reaffirmed 2003

16. Fluorides as F (mg/l) IS 3025 (Part 60) : 2008 (Ion Selective Electrode Method)

17. Phenolic Compounds as C6H5OH (mg/l)

IS 3025 (Part 43) : 1992 Reaffirmed 2003

18. Cadmium Cd (mg/l) IS 3025 (Part 41) : 1992 Reaffirmed 2003

19. Mercury as Hg (mg/l) IS 3025 (Part 48) : 1994 Reaffirmed 2003

20. Aluminium as Al (mg/l) APHA 21st EDN.:2012 3500

21. Arsenic as As (mg/l) IS 3025 (Part 37) : 1988

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Sl. No. Tests Protocol

22. Lead as Pb (mg/l) IS 3025 (Part 47) : 1994 Reaffirmed 2003

23. Zinc as Zn (mg/l) IS 3025 (Part 49) : 1994 Reaffirmed 2003

24. Hexavalent Chromium as Cr+6 (mg/l)

IS 3025 (Part 52) : 2003 Reprint 2007

25. Cyanide as CN (mg/l) IS 3025 (Part 27) : 1994 Reaffirmed 2003

26. Selenium as Se (mg/l) IS 3025 (Part 56)

27. Free Residual Chlorine (mg/l) IS 3025 (Part 26) : 1986 Reaffirmed 2003 (Idometric Method)

28. Anionic Detergents (As MBAS)(mg/l) max

APHA 22nd EDN.:2012, 5540 A+C

29. Fecal Coliform(MPN/100 ml) APHA 22nd EDN.:2012, 9221 E

Table-3.17 : Protocol used for Physical & Inorganic Parameters (Surface water)

Sl. No. Parameter Protocol

1. pH APHA 22nd EDN.:2012 (4500 H+B)

2. Colour (Hazen units) APHA 22nd EDN.:2012 (2120B)

3. Temp (0C) APHA 22nd EDN. 2012 (2550B)

4. Dissolved Oxygen (mg/l) APHA 22nd EDN.:2012 (4500 C)

5. Total Dissolved Solids (mg/l) APHA 22nd EDN.:2012 (2540D)

6. Total Suspended Solids as TSS (mg/l) APHA 22nd EDN :2012 (2540D)

7. Biochemical Oxygen Demand (mg/l) (5 day) IS 3025 (Part 58) 2006

8. Total Hardness as CaCO3 (mg/l) IS 3025 (Part21) : 2009

9. Calcium as CaCO3(mg/l) IS 3025 (Part 40) : 1991 Reaffirmed 2003

10. Magnesium as MgCO3(mg/l) IS 3025 (Part 46) : 1994 Reaffirmed 2003

11. Selenium as Se (mg/l) APHA 22nd EDN.:2012 3500 A+C

12. Arsenic as As (mg/l) APHA 22nd EDN.:2012 ( 3114 As B)

13. pH APHA 22nd EDN.:2012 (4500 H+B)

14. Colour (Hazen units) APHA 22nd EDN.:2012 (2120B)

15. Temp (0C) APHA 22nd EDN. 2012 (2550B)

16. Dissolved Oxygen (mg/l) APHA 22nd EDN.:2012 (4500 C)

17. Total Dissolved Solids (mg/l) APHA 22nd EDN.:2012 (2540D)

18. Total Suspended Solids as TSS (mg/l) APHA 22nd EDN :2012 (2540D)

19. Biochemical Oxygen Demand (mg/l) (5 day) IS 3025 (Part 58) 2006

20. Total Hardness as CaCO3 (mg/l) IS 3025 (Part21) : 2009

21. Calcium as CaCO3(mg/l) IS 3025 (Part 40) : 1991 Reaffirmed 2003

22. Magnesium as MgCO3(mg/l) IS 3025 (Part 46) : 1994 Reaffirmed 2003

23. Selenium as Se (mg/l) APHA 22nd EDN.:2012 3500 A+C

24. Arsenic as As (mg/l) APHA 22nd EDN.:2012 ( 3114 As B)

25. Lead as Pb (mg/l) APHA 22nd EDN.:2012 (3111 A+B)

26. Cadmium Cd (mg/l) APHA 22nd EDN.:2012 ( 3111 Cd B)

27. Chromium as Cr+6 (mg/l) APHA 22nd EDN.:2012 (3500 Cr+6 B)

28. Oil & Grease APHA 22nd EDN.:2012 5520 A+D

29. Chlorides as Cl (mg/l) APHA 22nd EDN.:2012 4500 Cl B

30. Fluorides as F (mg/l) APHA 22nd EDN.:2012 (4500-FC & D)

31. Sulphate as SO4 (mg/l) APHA 22nd EDN.:2012 4500 SO4 42-E

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32. Nitrate as NO3 (mg/l) -

33. Copper as Cu (mg/l) APHA 22nd EDN.:2012 (3111 A+B)

34. Mercury as Hg (mg/l) APHA 22nd EDN.:2012, (3112 A+C)

35. Manganese as Mn (mg/l) IS 3025 (Part59) : 2006

36. Zinc as Zn (mg/l) APHA 22nd EDN.:2012 (3500 Zn B)

37. Iron as Fe (mg/l) APHA 22nd EDN.:2012 (3500 Fe B)

38. Cyanide as CN (mg/l) IS 3025 (Part 27) : 1994 Reaffirmed 2003

39. Phenolic Compounds APHA 22nd EDN.:2012 5530 A+C

40. Total coliform (MPN/100 ml) APHA 22nd EDN.:2012 (9221 B)

Table-3.18 : Protocol used for Physical & Inorganic Parameters(Effluent Water)


1. pH APHA 22nd EDN.:2012 (4500 H+B)

2. Temperature (0C) APHA 22st EDN.:2012 (2550B)

3. Colour (Hazen unit) APHA 22st EDN.:2012 (2120B)

4. Odour APHA 22st EDN.:2012 (2150B)

5. Total Suspended Solid as TSS (mg/l) APHA 22nd EDN.:2012 (2540D)

6. Oil & Grease as O & G (mg/l) APHA 22nd EDN.:2012 (5520 B)

7. Biochemical Oxygen Demand as BOD (mg/l) (5day 200C)

APHA 22nd EDN.:2012 (5210 B)

8. Chemical Oxygen Demand as COD (mg/l)

APHA 22nd EDN.:2012 (5220 B)

9. Iron as Fe (mg/l) APHA 22nd EDN.:2012 (3500 Fe B)

10. Copper as Cu (mg/l) APHA 22nd EDN.:2012(3111-A+ B)

11. Zinc as Zn (mg/l) APHA 22nd EDN.:2012(3111-A+ B)

12. Selenium as Se (mg/l) APHA 22nd EDN.:2012 (3500 A+C)

13. Nickel as Ni (mg/l) APHA 22nd EDN.:2012 (3111A+ B)

14. Flouride as F (mg/l) APHA 22nd EDN.:2012 (4500 F- D+C)

15. Dissolved phosphates as P (mg/l) APHA 22nd EDN.:2012 (4500 A+C)

16. Sulphide as S (mg/l) APHA 22nd EDN.:2012 (4500 S-2F)

17. Phenolic compounds as C6H5OH (mg/l) APHA 22nd EDN.:2012 (5530 A+C)

18. Manganese as Mn (mg/l) APHA 22nd EDN.:2012 (3111 A+B)

19. Nitrate Nitrogen as N (mg/l) APHA 22nd EDN.:2012 (3500 A+C)

20. Lead as Pb (mg/l) APHA 22nd EDN.:2012 (4500-NO3 B)

21. Arsenic as As (mg/l) APHA 22nd EDN.:2012 (3114 B)

22. Cadmium as Cd (mg/l) APHA 22nd EDN.:2012 (3111 A+B)

23. Mercurry as Hg (mg/l) APHA 22nd EDN.:2012 (3112 B)

24. Ammonical Nitrogen as NH3 -N (mg/l) APHA 22nd EDN.:2012 (4500 NH3 -F)

25. Total Kjeldahl nitrogen as (NH3) APHA 22nd EDN.:2012 (4500 Norg A+C)

26. Total Chromium as Cr (mg/l) APHA 22nd EDN.:2012 (3111D)

27. Hexavalent Chromium (mg/l) APHA 22st EDN.:2012 (3500 Cr B)

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Results The results of analyses of water samples are given in Table 3.19 to 3.20.

Table – 3.19 : Ground Water quality Data


Monitoring Station Jhupranga Tumulia Siarmal Balbaspur Indian Drinking Standards (IS-

10500):2012

Dt. of sampling 11.01.18 11.01.18 11.01.18 11.01.18 Accep- table

Permiss-ible

Colour(Hazen) <5 <5 <5 <5 5 15

Odour Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agree-

able Agreeable

Taste Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agree-

able Agreeable

Turbidity(NTU) 1 1.2 1.5 1.16 1 5

pH 7.39 7.25 7.23 7.14 6.5-8.5 No

relaxation Total Alkalinity(mg/L) 244 280 124 104 200 600 Total Hardness(mg/L) 284 340 148 124 200 600

Iron(mg/L) 0.13 0.20 0.08 0.15 0.3 No

relaxation

Chloride(mg/L) 40 118 32 28 250 1000 Residual Free chlorine(mg/L)

<0.5 <0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 1

Total Dissolve Solid(mg/L)

364 490 204 152 500 2000

Calcium(mg/L) 60.8 105.6 38.4 24 75 200

Copper(mg/L) <0.04 <0.04 <0.04 <0.04 0.05 1.5

Manganese(mg/L) <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 0.1 0.3

Sulphate(mg/L) 32.4 384 25.1 20.3 200 400

Nitrate(mg/L) 17.4 19.4 13.6 8.10 45 No

relaxation

Fluoride(mg/L) 0.46 0.40 0.24 0.32 1 1.5

Selenium(mg/L) <0.002 <0.002 <0.002 <0.002 0.01 No

relaxation

Arsenic(mg/L) <0.008 <0.008 <0.008 <0.008 0.01 0.05

Lead(mg/L) <0.009 <0.009 <0.009 <0.009 0.01 No

relaxation Zinc(mg/L) 0.17 0.25 0.23 0.21 5 15

Total Chromium(mg/L)

<0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 0.5 No

relaxation

Phenolics(mg/L) <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 0.001 0.002

Cadmium(mg/L) <0.0005 <0.0005 <0.0005 <0.0005 0.003 No

relaxation

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Table-3.20

SURFACE WATER QUALITY DATA

Project/OCP Siarmal

NAME OF STATIONS Gadwar pond Tikaripara

Pond Telendih

Nallah Basundhara

Nallah

Date of sampling 11/1/2018 11/1/2018 11/1/2018 11/1/2018

pH 7.12 7.67 7.19 7.20

Dissolved Oxygen(mg/L)

5.2 5.7 5.0 5.1

BOD (3 days 27oc(mg/L)

<2 <2 <2 <2

Color (Hazen unit) <5 <5 10 <5

Total disolved solids (mg/L)

124 140 84 107

TSS(mg/L) 14.1 20.3 17.4 11.6

Total Hardness(mg/L) 88 132 40 92

Copper(mg/L) <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05

Iron(mg/L) 0.42 0.30 0.19 0.27

Chlorides(mg/L) 14 16 10 20

Sulphate(mg/L) 12.7 8.60 6.24 5.20

Nitrate(mg/L) 1.40 3.60 2.10 1.74

Fluoride(mg/L) 0.18 0.85 0.12 0.17

Cadmium(mg/L) <0.0005 <0.0005 <0.0005 <0.0005

Selenium(mg/L) <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01

Arsenic(mg/L) <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1

Lead(mg/L) <0.008 <0.008 <0.008 <0.008

Zinc(mg/L) 0.08 0.11 0.09 0.13

Hexavalent Chromium(mg/L)

<0.04 <0.04 <0.04 <0.04

Oil & Grease <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1

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Table-3.21

MINE EFFLUENT QUALITY DATA

NAME OF THE STATION Mine Discharge of

Kulda Mine

MoEF-Sch-VI Standards for inland surface

water discharge Date 11.01.18

Colour Acceptable Acceptable

Odour Unobjectionable Unobjectionable

Temperature(oC) 23.9

Shall not exceed 5 oC above the

receiving temperature

Nitrate Nitrogen(mg/L) 1.24 10

BOD [3 days at 27oC] (mg/L) 28 30

Arsenic(mg/L) <0.002 0.2

Lead(mg/L) <0.005 0.1

Hexavalent Chromium(mg/L) <0.01 0.1

Total Chromium(mg/L) 0.03 2

Copper(mg/L) <0.05 3

Zinc(mg/L) 0.21 5

Selenium(mg/L) <0.002 0.05

Cadmium(mg/L) <0.0005 2

Nickel(mg/L) <0.03 3

Fluoride(mg/L) 1.64 2

Phenolic Compound(mg/L) <0.001 1

Manganese(mg/L) <0.02 2

Iron(mg/L) 1.24 3

Dissolved Phosphate(mg/L) 0.39 5

pH 7.30 5.5-9.0

Oil & Grease - 10

TSS 46.10 100

COD 96.0 250

Observations

Ground Water (Tubewell water and Dugwell water)

Samples, DW-1, DW-2, DW-3, and DW-4 were from ground water

sources. The analyses shows that various physical and chemical

parameters are within the permissiable limits of Drinking Water

Standards (IS: 10500-2012).

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Surface Water

Samples, down stream of Telendih and Basundhara Nallah SW-1 and

SW-2 were collected from Gadwar and Tikalipara Pond Water and

SW-3 and SW-4 were collected from upstream. As on date, there is no

standard for surface water.

Waste Water

Samples, EW-1 were collected from effluent water of Kulda OCP. The

analysis shows that various parameters are within the limits of General

Standards for discharge of Effluents into inland Surface water GSR

422(E).

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3.4 HYDROLOGY & HYDROGEOLOGY 3.4.1 INTODUCTION TO HYDROLOGY

Drainage basin is a tool for quantitative measurement of hydrogeological

cycle. In a drainage basin, the catchment or water shed forms a system boundary

through which any sort of excess precipitation flows off through its principal streams.

The characteristics of a basin at any given time contribute to the hydrologic variations

in space. The characteristics to be considered include geometry of the basin, such as

area, relief, orientation, shape, drainage density, channel frequency and drainage

configuration. Over time, a stream system achieves a particular drainage pattern

through its network of stream channels and tributaries as determined by different

geological/ geographical factors. Drainage patterns are classified on the basis of their

texture and form. Their shape or pattern develops in response to the local topography

and subsurface geology. Drainage channels develop where surface runoff is

enhanced and earth materials provide least resistance to erosion. Drainage pattern in

Talcher coalfield varies from parallel to dendritic in nature. The study area falls under

the influence of Basundhara River pre-dominantly, which are the tributary of Ib River

which control the overall drainage pattern of the coalfield.

3.4.2 DRAINAGE ANALYSIS

BASUNDHARA RIVER

Basundhara nala is one of the important drainage basin (Plate-IV) which

covers large extent of Ib valley coalfield. The total catchment of the Basundhara Nala

is estimated at 608 km2.It is observed from the catchment characteristic of the

Basundhara Nala basin, that the drainage network of the area is favorable for long

extended discharge than to generate sudden peak discharge. The Basundhara nala

basin has a mean bifurcation ratio of 3.22 which indicates that geological structure

has played a very limited role in controlling the drainage pattern. It has a drainage

frequency below 0.5 (number of rivers per unit area). This indicates a moderately

developed drainage network where concentration of flood is distributed over time and

no flash flood is caused.

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The drainage density of 0.66 km/sq.km (the total length of all stream

channels per unit area of basin) shows high value of run-off and moderate to low

permeability of the terrain. A low value of length of overland flow (0.76 km) greatly

reduces the possibility of ground water recharge and hence the surface run-off will

constitute the major part of rainfall. This also indicates low permeability of the terrain.

The average stream slope for the area is 0.0026 i.e. 1 in 400. This indicates

normal gradient of channel where down cutting and scoring actions are almost

neutralized. The compactness co-efficient, elongation ratio and circularity ratio for the

Basundhara nala basin area 1.3, 0.65 and 0.85 respectively. Since compactness co-

efficient is greater that 1, the frequency and magnitude of flood are reduced. Further,

circularity and elongation ratio are greater than 0.5 and these indicate a high rate of

surface run-off and more time of concentration. The flow capacity and peak run-off at

the highest flood level are 1061.9 and 689 cumec (m3/sec) for the Basundhara nala

respectively. There will not be any over flooding of river at the time of peak run-off.

3.4.3 PRE-MINING DRAINAGE SYSTEM OF THE AREA

The general topography of the block is undulating and is used for agricultural

purpose and some patches of barren lands are also featuring in the block. The

general altitude of the block is varying from 260 metres to 311 metres. Basundhara

River flowing west to east in the northern boundary of the block separates the blocks

from Chaturdhara/Basundhara blocks and Chattajor nala flowing South to North in

the eastern boundary of the block separates the block from Kulda block. One of the

tributaries Telendra flows from NW to East towards the middle of the block and many

other small nala cris cross within the block. Besides these, there are some small

ponds and dug wells available within the block and used for irrigation and drinking

purposes.

3.4.4 POST-MINING DRAINAGE SYSTEM OF THE AREA

The drainage system of the area will be undisturbed as there is no proposed

nalla diversion.

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3.4.5 HYDROGEOLOGY

3.4.5.1 AQUIFER DESCRTIPTION

The permeable formations i.e. sand and sandstone within Gondwana

formation behave as an aquifer. The coal seams and shales developed act as

impermeable beds i.e. aquiclude. Based on the sub surface geological data

generated from the exploratory boreholes and existing mines, the disposition of

aquifers have been worked out as below:

Table 3.22: Hydrogeological units developed in proposed project

Hydrogeological unit Formation Thickness (m)

Min. Max.

Shallow / water table / unconfined aquifer (highly potential)

Soil and weathered material 0.00 15.00

Overburden (shale, sandstone and sandy shale) excluding weathered material

0.00 21.35

DE

EP

ER

AQ

UIF

ER

(Low

Pot

entia

l Aqu

ifer)

Aquiclude Seam-Lajkura-IV 1.26 17.17

Semiconfined aquifer 1 Parting* 3.26 29.51

Aquiclude Seam-Lajkura-III 0.11 6.13


Aquiclude Seam-Lajkura-II T3 0.12 3.31






Aquiclude Seam-Lajkura-II B 1.47 12.34


Aquiclude Seam-Lajkura-I 1.20 24.90


Aquiclude Seam-Rampur-V 0.22 7.90


Aquiclude Seam-Rampur-IV 0.89 21.97


Aquiclude Seam-Rampur-IVB 0.08 4.54


Aquiclude Seam-Rampur-III 2.70 12.88


Aquiclude Seam-Rampur-II 0.37 11.56


Aquiclude Seam-Rampur-I 0.50 14.81


Aquiclude Seam-Ib Top 0.10 6.75


Aquiclude Seam-Ib Middle 0.04 9.14


Aquiclude Seam-Ib Bottom 0.04 5.65

* Parting comprises of Shale, sandstone, carb shale, sandy shale

CMPDI


3.4.5.2 AQUIFER PARAMETERS

The regional hydro-geological studies of Sundargarh district were carried out

by Central Ground Water Board (CGWB), Ministry of Water Resources, Govt. of

India, Bhubaneswar and had submitted a report in December 1995 as “Ground Water

Resources and Development Potentials of Sundargarh district, Odisha. The aquifer

characteristic of phreatic zone was tested by conducting pumping tests in open dug

wells. The hydraulic characteristics of open wells in Gondwana sedimentary rocks

are given below in table 3.23.

Table 3.23: Results of Pumping Test of Large Diameter Dug wells for

Sedimentary (Gondwana) Formation, Ib Valley Coalfield, Odisha.

Sl. No.

Hydrogeological Details Jhuprunga (DPT-III)

Dulanga (DPT-IV)

Grindola (DPT-V)

1. Aquifer Sand Stone Sand Stone Sand Stone

2. Duration of test (min) 90.00 60.00 23.00

3. Depth (m) 8.14 4.31 7.62

4. Diameter (m) 4.31 5.50 2.94

5. Static water level (m) bgl 5.11 2.90 6.38

6. Discharge (lps) 3.30 1.10 4.20

7. Draw down (m) 1.55 0.63 0.93

8. Specific capacity (lit/min/m cross sectional area)

0.95 1.43 2.56

Source: CGWB, Govt. of India, Ministry of Water Resources, South Eastern Region, Bhubaneswar,

Odisha.

It is observed from the above table that the specific capacity index ranges

from 0.95 to 2.56 lit/min/m cross sectional area.

CGWB had drilled six exploratory boreholes in Gondwana formation for

delineating occurrence and distribution of water bearing fractures. The

hydrogeological details of the exploratory boreholes are given below in table 3.24.

CMPDI


Table 3.24: Location-wise Hydrogeological Details in Sedimentary (Gondwana) Rocks, Ib Valley Coalfield, Odisha.

Sl. No.

Hydrogeological details

Tumulia Tumulia (O.W)

Gopalpur Rangidhipa (Himgir)

Rangidhipa (O.W)

Taparia

1. Geological formation

Sandstone and shale

Sandstone and shale

Sandstone and shale

Sandstone and shale

Sandstone and shale

Sandstone and shale

2. Depth drilled (m) bgl

200.20 97.50 200.20 142.30 142.30 148.40

3. Depth of fracture zone (m) bgl

90.00 – 95.00

-- -- 26.40, 37.50, 42.60, 47.00, 59.00, 70.00, 134.00

26.40, 27.50, 42.60, 47.59, 70.00, 134.00

12.00, 15.00, 77.00, 96.00, 100.00

4. Length of casing (m)

19.30 11.60 -- 23.80 -- 26.30

5. Static water level (m) bgl

14.70 9.74 13.370 9.38 6.87 12.99

6. Discharge (lps)

1.60 2.30 0.370 8.00 11.50 4.20

7. Draw down (m)

42.00 42.19 -- 15.11 11.99 18.96

8. Transmissivity (m2/day)

(a) Pumping Test

1.53 -- 0.158 -- -- --

(b) Slug test 5.54 -- 1.719 14.32 -- --

Source: CGWB, Govt. of India, Ministry of Water Resources, South Eastern Region,

Bhubaneswar, Odisha.

3.4.6 PRESENT GROUND WATER SCENARIO IN THE BLOCK

Present ground water scenario in and around the block under reference is

assessed from the fifty three (53) open dug wells. These open dug wells are used for

potable water consumption. The water level in these wells represents hydraulic head

of water table aquifers. The hydraulic heads of all observed wells are calibrated to

reduced level. The hydraulic head of all hydrograph stations are connected to

construct water table contour map (Figure-1). It is observed from the Fig. that the

water table configuration of the area more or less coincides with surface topography.

The ground water level recorded from the open dug well in and around the project

area (buffer zone) ranges from 0.70 to 12.50 m bgl for the pre-monsoon.

CMPDI


Figure 1: Water level contour map of Pre monsoon season in and around Siarmal OCP, Ib Valley coalfield, Odisha

CMPDI


Pre-Monsoon Details of Hydrograph Stations in and around Siarmal OC, Ib Valley Coalfield, Odisha

Well No Village Name Location Pvt. or Govt./ Owner name

Type of Well Well Lining Physical topogra-

phical setting

Diameter of well

(m)

Height of Parapet

from Ground (m)

Total depth

including parapet

(m)

Depth to water below

ground level (m)

GT084 Baghabari Back side centre Jibardhan Pradhan,s

residence back side Govt Dug well Random rubble Plane ground 5.59 1.20 5.45 2.50

GT083 Ratanpur

(Majhapada) Near village pond. Near Parameswar

Nayak's residence Govt Dug well Brick + R.R. Plane ground 3.02 0.15 7.54 3.55

GT081 Ratansara Out side of village near mango tree Govt Dug well Random rubble masonry without plaster up to last

Plane ground 4.57 N.A. 4.74 3.60

GT079 Badibahal At the side of road to Himgiri Govt Dug well Brick parapet + R.R Plane ground 2.30 0.71 9.79 4.24

GT077 Kandadhua 150m from the road to Chhatisgarh ( In paddy field approach from end of the

village) Govt Dug well

Random rubble with cement plaster

Plane ground 2.50 1.35 3.16 1.50

GT075 Dhanarasi At the end of the village Govt Dug well Brick Plane ground 2.50 0.73 8.84 5.47

GT074 Nuadih Road to Himgiri side Govt Dug well Brick lining with top

plaster Plane ground 3.05 0.71 13.21 12.50

GT073 Balbaspur 200m. From the end of the village. 50-

60 m. from road Private Dug well

Random rubble masonry

Plane ground 4.92 0.30 6.08 1.50

GT070 Chitkendhipa Agricultural field Private Dug well Random laterite stone Plane ground 3.48 0.40 3.24 7.20

GT069 Patrapali Before beginning of village Govt Dug well Brick lining and R. R.

lining Plane ground 1.89 0.60 6.70 2.90

GT066 Podajhalanga Just at the entrance to village Govt Dug well R.R.top 1m plastered Plane on slope

tarrain 2.76 0.60 7.96 5.90

GT065 Telendihi Right side of entrance to Telendihi just

after Basundhara Nala Govt Dug well

R.R. with in side plaster

Plane ground 1.79 0.81 6.39 4.29

GT064 Rengalpani Back side of village (Unused . Needs

cleaning Govt Dug well

Random rouble masonry with cement

plaster Hilly area 4.52 0.30 8.20 2.60

CMPDI




phical setting

Diameter of well

(m)

Height of Parapet

from Ground (m)

Total depth

including parapet

(m)


ground level (m)

GT062 Bhograkachhar In the middle of village Govt Dug well Random rouble

masonry with cement plaster

Hilly area 2.50 1.20 8.41 7.21

GT056 Kenajhor On the land of Kabru Oram .Back side

of village Private Dug well

Brick lining .72m and R.R.

Plane ground 2.69 0.86 2.72 3.84

GT054 Sahaspur Just before end of the village backside Govt Dug well R. R. lining Plane ground 4.04 0.73 7.39 6.27

GT053 Ustali Back side of village Govt Dug well Random rubble

masonry with nearly 2.5 m. plastering

Plane ground 2.37 0.97 9.43 8.03

GT052 Jhulenbarh Near school building Govt Dug well R.R. with cement

mortar up to 2.20m Plane ground 2.53 0.58 10.18 8.42

GT051 Kenduadihi (Nuapada)

Towards Hemgiri Govt Dug well Brick lining Plane ground 2.07 0.88 11.92 5.12

GT050 Tumbajore At the end of the village Govt Dug well Random rubble


Plane ground 3.15 0.68 10.19 6.22

GT049A Kundren Back side of mid village Private Dug well Brick lining 2.28m R.

R. lining 4.34m. Plane ground 6.00 0.15 7.28 6.85

GT047 Kund Mid of Bastipada Govt Dug well Brick lining Plane ground 3.76 0.90 7.97 5.25

GT046 Jhupranga In the mid of road side Govt Dug well Ring lining Plane ground 1.20 0.50 7.08 3.50

GT045 Gaddwar At the beginning of village right side of

entrance road to village Govt Dug well

R.R. lining without plaster

Plane ground 1.50 0.54 3.94 6.46

GT044 Tumalia College campus Govt Dug well Brick lining and Random Rouble

masonry lining (8.67m) Plane ground 4.35 1.02 11.95 7.40

GT043 Bangurkela End of the village Govt Dug well R. R. lining with 0.8m

plastering inside Plane ground 2.00 0.84 8.84 6.96

GT042 Garjanbahal Gondpara Govt Dug well Brick lining without


CMPDI




phical setting

Diameter of well

(m)

Height of Parapet

from Ground (m)

Total depth

including parapet

(m)


ground level (m)

GT041 Kasura In primary school campus Govt Dug well Ring lining Plane ground 1.50 Not

constructed 9.08 6.00

GT040 Barpali Just at the beginning of village

Harijanpada Govt Dug well

Brick lining 5.61 m Rouble masonry 2.95

m. Plane ground 2.89 0.64 8.56 3.86

GT038 Bankibahal Near the village pond out side the

village Govt Dug well

Brick lining with rest r. r. lining

Plane ground 1.15 Not


GT035A Sambaripinda Centre of the village Govt Dug Well Brick Plane ground 1.77 1.04 8.93 6.20

GT035 Sardega Right side of entrance road of village Private Dug well Brick Plane 5.00 0.20 7.10 5.70

GT032 Gopalpur Refer sketch Govt Dug well R.R. Plane ground 3.53 Not


GT030 Garjanjhor Adjacent to village pond at the end of

the village Private Dug well

Random rouble masonry with cement


GT029 Chhatabal In the middle of village Govt Dug well Brick lining with cement plaster

Plane ground 2.00 1.60 10.10 4.20

GT028 Kuanrikela Beginning of the village 100m. From

Hemgiri road near a pond Govt Dug well

Laterite masonary lining

Plane ground 3.52 0.10 3.11 5.20

GT027 Belaimunda Rajapada well Govt Dug well Random rubble Plane ground 2.27 0.45 5.25 4.30

GT025 Luabahal Back side of Luabahal High school Govt Dug well Brick lining with cement plaster

Plane ground 2.28 0.78 12.56 7.90

GT022 Chitamunda Near Chitamunda primary school Govt Dug well Random rouble


Plane ground 1.90 1.20 11.67 7.00

GT021 Jarikela Just before the entrance to main parah Govt Dug well Laterite parapet + R.R.

parapet Plane ground 2.19 0.47 5.01 2.73

GT020 Budajharia 40-50 m. from Basundhara Hemgiri

road. Road is between the village and this road

Govt Dug well Random rouble

masonry without inside plaster

Plateau in between hills

5.93 0.67 6.84 4.83

GT018 Hemgiri Near bus stand (Mostly not in use) Govt Dug well Random rouble Plane ground 2.30 0.52 13.62 8.10

CMPDI




phical setting

Diameter of well

(m)

Height of Parapet

from Ground (m)

Total depth

including parapet

(m)


ground level (m)

masonry

GT017 Durubaga Adjacent to the road from Basundhara

to Hemgiri. Just before beginning of village

Govt Dug well Random rouble

masonry with parapet plaster

Plane ground 1.74 0.40 1.98 1.40

GT016 Kripsira At the beginning of village 60-70m. From the road. From main road to

Kripsira Govt Dug well Brick Plane ground 3.30 0.60 8.56 4.70

GT015 Duduka In the middle of village Govt Dug well Random rouble

masonry Plane ground 2.96 0.91 7.43 6.20

GT014 Kalatpani On the road side to Dhanuapada Govt Dug well R.R. with parapet

plaster Plane on hilly

tarrain 2.94 0.82 4.91 1.18

GT013 Salingijharia Beginning of the village Govt Dug well Ring lining Plane on hilly

tarrain 1.30 0.60 6.55 2.70

GT012 Titheitanagar Out side of village Private Dug well R. Rubble lining 1.1m + Brick lining 3.16m +

R.R. lining 1.6 m.

On agricultural field and on hilly tarrain

2.71 0.46 5.42 3.54

GT010 Kahachuan On the junction of the road Private Dug well R. Rubble lining Plane on hilly

tarrain 2.95

Not constructed

5.77 4.44

GT006 Bileibahal Mid village road side Govt Dug well Brick lining Plane ground 3.36 0.79 7.82 4.36

GT004 Bihamol End of the village Govt Dug well R. R. lining with

0.75m. Plastering Plane ground 4.85 0.44 7.06 3.66

GT003 Siarmal Between Sargidhipa & School Dhipa Govt Dug well Brick lining 7.34 m

R.R. without plaster 2.0m

sloping ground 1.48 Not


GT002 Jharpalam In the middle of village Govt Dug well Brick lining top 0.75

cement plaster Plane ground 2.34 1.52 10.36 9.38

CMPDI


3.4.7 HISTORICAL GROUND WATER LEVEL TRENDS

As groundwater level data are temporal and dynamic in nature and is mainly

controlled by rainfall pattern in relation to the aquifer material. So, long term

groundwater level data becomes the principal source of information about hydrologic

stresses affecting groundwater recharge, storage and discharge. Ground water levels

are controlled by the balance among recharge to, storage in and discharge from an

aquifer. Physical properties such as porosity, permeability and thickness of the

aquifer affect this balance. When the rate of recharge to an aquifer exceeds the rate

of discharge, water levels will rise. Conversely, when the rate of groundwater

withdrawal or discharge is greater than the rate of groundwater recharge, the water

stored in the aquifer becomes depleted and water levels will decline. Water levels in

many aquifer follow a cyclic pattern of season fluctuation, typically rising during post

monsoon season due to precipitation and recharge and declining during pre

monsoon season owing to less recharge.

To evaluate the behaviour of long term groundwater level trends, long term

water level data from the permanent observation well of CGWB and CMPDI have

been referred in this report. To study the long term water level trends hydrograph of

Balanda village dug well has been drawn. Long term pre monsoon and post

monsoon water level are shown in the table given below and the hydrogrph of these

stations are shown in Figure. Long term groundwater levels as monitored by

Environment Monitoring Cell, RI-VII, CMPDI at village Sardega and by CGWB at

Himgir village is given in table 3.25 and 3.26.

CMPDI


Table – 3.25: Long term water level data of Sardega village dug well,

Ib valley coalfield.

Year pre monsoon

(WL in mbgl)

post monsoon

(WL in mbgl)

2001 5.49 3.61

2002 5.25 2.85

2003 5.36 1.25

2004 4.45 1.35

2005 6.80 1.15

2006 6.90 1.80

2007 5.20 2.55

2008 5.80 1.95

2009 7.65 -

2010 - 3.20

2011 4.20 3.44

2012 4.70 3.64

2013 4.44 2.95

2014 3.32 2.89

2015 6.86 2.90

2016 7.19 3.06 Source: Routine Environmental monitoring cell, Environment Department, CMPDI

CMPDI


Table -3.26: Long term water level data of Himgir village dug well,

Ib valley coalfield.

Year pre monsoon

(WL in mbgl)

post monsoon

(WL in mbgl)

1995 14.58 7.53

1996 15.43 6.89

1997 14.33 6.10

1998 9.50 6.38

1999 14.82 -

2000 12.72 4.94

2001 16.00 4.60

2002 14.86 4.43

2003 12.51 2.23

2004 8.32 2.70

2005 6.63 3.13

2006 6.13 0.92

2007 10.23 2.00

2008 7.30 2.20

2009 7.20 3.18

2010 8.70 2.94

2011 7.22 5.42

2012 13.00 7.90

2013 12.55 5.70

2014 12.35 7.35

2015 12.35 9.35

2016 - 3.15 Source: http://www.india-wris.nrsc.gov.in

CMPDI

Job No.706124 Chapter –3 , Page - 40

The interpretations of the historical groundwater level data available from the

observation well (Balanda village dug well) of CGWB are as follows:

i. Himgir village dug well

Both the Pre monsoon and Post monsoon water level trend shows

increasing trend which signifies that the groundwater is not affected

by by the overall groundwater utilization with the increasing

population and by mining. The long-term pre monsoon water level

varies from 6.13 to 16.00 mbgl and post monsoon water level varies

from 0.92 to 9.35 mbgl.

ii. Sardega village dug well

Pre monsoon water level trend shows a marginal increasing trend

which signifies that the groundwater is not affected by the overall

groundwater utilization with the increasing population and by mining

whereas the post monsoon water level trend shows a marginal

decreasing trend which signifies that the groundwater is a bit affected

by the overwall utilization by the population. The long-term pre

monsoon water level varies from 3.32 to 7.65 mbgl and post monsoon

water level varies from 1.15 to 3.44 mbgl.

CMPDI


Figure 2: Hydrograph of Sardega villge dug well, Ib valley coalfield

0

500

1000

1500

2000

25000

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10 20

01

20

02

20

03

20

04

20

05

20

06

20

07

20

08

20

09

20

10

20

11

20

12

20

13

20

14

20

15

20

16

Ra

infa

ll (

mm

)

Wa

ter

Le

ve

l (

m b

gl)

Year

Long term Pre and Post monsoon groundwater levels Station: Sardega village dugwell (approximately 1.50 kms North from Siarmal OCP)

Rainfall Pre monsoon Post monsoonLinear (Pre monsoon) Linear (Post monsoon)

CMPDI


Figure 3: Hydrograph of Himgir villge dug well, Ib valley coalfield

0

500

1000

1500

2000

25000.00

2.00

4.00

6.00

8.00

10.00

12.00

14.00

16.00

18.00 19

95

19

96

19

97

19

98

19

99

20

00

20

01

20

02

20

03

20

04

20

05

20

06

20

07

20

08

20

09

20

10

20

11

20

12

20

13

20

14

20

15

20

16

Ra

infa

ll (

mm

)

Wa

ter

Le

ve

l (

m b

gl)

Year

Long term pre monsoon & post monsoon ground water levelsStation : Himgir village dug well (Approximately 7.5 kms south of Siarmal OCP)

Rainfall Pre monsoon Post monsoon Linear (Pre monsoon) Linear (Post monsoon)

CMPDI


3.5 NOISE LEVEL MEASUREMENT

Noise level assessment

The present ambient noise level assessment for the project has been

carried out by Ecomen Laboratories Pvt. Limited, Lucknow during

November 2017 to February 2018. The results of noise level measurement

have been incorporated in this chapter.

Location of noise level measurement stations

Ten spots/stations were selected for measuring the noise levels. The

locations of noise level measurement stations are shown in Plate No.-XIII

and details are given below:

Table - 3.27: Details of Noise Level Measurement Stations

Frequency of noise level measurement

The Ambient noise level monitoring was carried out day and night as

given below:

Sl. No. Time (hrs.) Duration (in min.)

1 08:00-11:00 30

2 14:00-17:00 30

3 18:00-21:00 30

4 24:00-03:00 30

Station Code Noise level in dB(A)

Maximum Minimum Day (leq) Night (leq)

Ambient Noise Level (dBA)

N1 Gopalpur 64.2 52.6 62.0 54.2

N2 Siarmal 59.6 41.5 54.6 42.8

N3 Rampia/Ganjabahal 58.9 43.9 54.7 44.8

N4 Kaletpani 57.9 42.9 53.8 43.2

N5 Koanikalan 55.6 41.7 52.3 42.4

N6 Balbuspur 56.2 40.2 51.5 42.8

N7 Gaddwar 55.9 40.3 51.7 43.8

N8 Barpali 57.1 42.6 53.9 44.1

N9 Kuarikallan 56.9 41.3 52.3 43.8

N10 Kendidihi 54.8 40.5 52.6 42.0

CMPDI


Methodology and instrument used for noise level measurement

Ambient noise level monitoring was done by an integrating sound level

meter (CR-275) of Cirrus Research Plc., U.K. in dBA. Noise measurements were

made at a height of 1.5m, above the ground and away from sound reflecting

sources like walls, buildings etc.

Results: The noise level measurements from above stations are given below:

Table - 3.28: Details of Noise Level Measurement Stations

Station Code Location Name

Noise level in dB(A)

Day (Leq) Permissible limit

Night (Leq)

Permissible limit

N1 Gopalpur 62.0 75 54.2 70.0

N2 Siarmal 54.6 55 42.8 45.0

N3 Rampia 54.7 55 44.8 45.0

N4 Kaletpani 53.8 55 43.2 45.0

N5 Koanikalan 52.3 55 42.4 45.0

N6 Balbuspur 51.5 55 42.8 45.0

N7 Gaddwar 51.7 55 43.8 45.0

N8 Barpali 53.9 55 44.1 45.0

N9 Kuarikallan 52.3 55 43.8 45.0

N10 Kendidihi 52.6 55 42.0 45.0

Observation

Noise level measurements from various stations as mentioned above and it

is found that noise level at all villages are within permissible limits of the

prescribed standards for both day-time and night-time.

CMPDI


3.6 LAND USE/COVER PATTERN 3.6.1 LAND USE/COVER CLASSIFICATION

The land use/cover classification (Plate No.-X) for the core and buffer zone

of the project based on satellite data interpretation has been given in following

table.

Table-3.29- LAND USE/COVER CLASSIFICATION

Classes Core Zone Buffer Zone

Level-I Level-II Area (Km2)

% of Total

Area (Km2)

% of Total

Forest Land Dense Forest 0.07 0.31 62.07 11.55

Open Forest 0.48 2.10 190.38 35.44

Total Forest Land 0.55 2.40 252.45 46.99

Scrubs 6.74 29.43 95.62 17.80

Plantation Area

Social Forestry 0.33 1.44 2.25 0.42

Plantation on OB 0 0 0.02 0

Plantation on Backfill 0 0 0 0

Total Plantation Area 0.33 1.44 2.27 0.42

Agriculture Land

Crop land 1.67 7.29 15.46 2.88

Fallow Land 10.80 47.16 118.29 22.02

Total Agriculture Land 12.47 54.45 133.75 24.90

Waste Land Waste Land 1.98 8.65 33.66 6.27

Sand Body 0 0 0.38 0.07

Total Waste Land 1.98 8.65 34.04 6.34

Mining Area Coal Quarry 0 0 3.61 0.67

Barren OB Dump 0 0 0.92 0.17

Back Fill 0 0 0.91 0.17

Coal Dump 0 0 0.56 0.10

Water Filled Quarry 0 0 0.65 0.12

Total Mining Area 0 0 6.65 1.24

Settlements Urban Settlements 0 0 0.18 0.03

Rural Settlements 0.48 2.10 4.69 0.87

Industrial Settlements 0 0 0.21 0.04

Total Settlement Area 0.48 2.10 5.08 0.95

Water Body River/ Ponds 0.35 1.53 7.39 1.38

Total Area 22.90 100 537.25 100

Source: CMPDI (HQs), Ranchi: Land Use/ Cover Map of Core & Buffer Zones of is

based on Satellite IRS-R-2/L-IV of the year 2018 from CMPDI (HQs), Ranchi.

CMPDI


3.7 SOCIO-ECONOMIC SCENARIO

The Socio Economic Study in Core & Buffer area based on primary and

secondary survey conducted during November 2017 to January 2018 by M/s VRDS

CONSULTANTS, Chennai .The study area comprises of rural area of district

Sundergarh, Odisha.

3.7.1 Methodology:

The study of Socio-economic environment is an integral part of

Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA). The study includes Social profile,

Economic, Infrastructure facilities, Occupational health survey, Occurrence of

historical / Archaeological sites and presence of important features of the study

area (Core zone and Buffer zone, 10 Km radius from mine lease area). Census

2011 Village boundary map is used as a reference for identifying the villages within

the study area. All the information is collected from the census and reported.

To validate the census 2011 data, household survey of 253 houses is

collected by floating questionnaire to the residence and local people / Village head

(Mukhia/Sarpanch) of different project affected villages. Sample size varies as per

need, time and convenience. Occupational health status of the above for the

different age group is also collected. The same has been also collected from Dy.

Medical Superintendence; Basundhara area Hospital.

RATIONALE BEHIND SAMPLING

Villages were chosen as per convenience of team and response of localities.

In addition, accessibility to the villages was considered. Project affected villages

were selected for House Hold Survey to know the effect of the project on them.

CMPDI


3.7.2 DESCRIPTION OF STUDY AREA

Table 3.30 : Zone wise village details

Zone / Area Number of Villages

Total

House

Holds

Total Population

Core Zone 6 2534 10140

< 500 M - - -

Buffer Zone 94 14654 58142

DEMOGRAPHIC PROFILE OF THE STUDY AREA

The study area comprises 100 villages, distributed over 3 Sub-

districts, with a total population of study area being 68282 persons. Below is

the summary of the same.

Table 3.31: Demographic Profile of the Study Area

State District Tahsil Villages in Core Zone

Villages in Buffer Zone

Odisha Sundargarh Hemgir

6 74

Lephripara 0 16

Chattisgarh Raigarh Tamnar 0 4

Total 6 94

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3.7.2.1 SOCIAL PROFILE

POPULATION CASTE WISE BREAKUP

The summary of cast wise population distribution is given in following

table:

Table 3.32: Summary Caste distribution

Zone Core Zone Buffer Zone

Total

Population 10140 58142

Male 4990 49.21% 29543 50.81%

Female 5150 50.79% 28599 49.19%

Scheduled Caste

Population 1536 15.15% 7989 13.74%

Male 784 7.73% 4030 6.93%

Female 752 7.42% 3959 6.81%

Scheduled Tribe

Population 5092 50.22% 26624 45.79%

Male 2480 24.46% 13375 23.00%

Female 2612 25.76% 13249 22.79%

LITERACY WISE BREAKUP

Literacy rates are considered as a crucial measure of the value of a

region's human capital. Literate people can be more easily trained than

illiterate people, and generally have a higher socioeconomic status; thus

they enjoy better health and employment prospects. Literacy can increase

job opportunities and access to higher education

Below is the summary of the same data, in tabular and figurative form :

Table 3.33 : Summary Literacy Status

Zone Core Zone Buffer Zone

Total 10140 58142

Literates

Population 6774 66.80% 38074 65.48%

Male 3650 36.00% 21661 37.26%

Female 3124 30.81% 16413 28.23%

Illiterates

Population 3366 33.20% 20068 34.52%

Male 1340 13.21% 7882 13.56%

Female 2026 19.98% 12186 20.96%

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Higher_education

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3.7.2.2 AVERAGE HOUSEHOLD SIZE

Average household size is 4 persons per family, in the study area.

Avg_HH_Size = (Total Population) / (No of Households)

Below is the summary of the same.

Table 3.34: Summary Avg - HH size

Zone No of Households Total Population Avg_HH_Size (Persons)

Core Zone 2534 10140 4

Buffer Zone 14654 58142 4

3.7.2.3 SEX RATIO

Sex ratio is an indicator of social status. In places where women have a

better social status, there the difference between the numbers of male and female

is less, the ratio is found to be close to 1:1.

Below is the summary of the same data in tabular form, representing

number of female every1000 male.

Sex ratio = (Number of females*1000) / (Number of males)

Table 3.35: Summary sex ratio

Zone Total SC ST

Core Zone 1032 959 1053

Buffer Zone 968 982 990

The ideal sex ratio is 1:1. From the above table, it can be observed that in

study area, the number of female per 1000 male is less than required.

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3.7.2.4 ECONOMIC PROFILE

Occupational Structure

The census classifies workers into two groups, namely, ‘Main workers’

and ‘Marginal workers’. Main Workers are those who have worked for the major

part of the reference period, i.e. 6 months or more. Marginal Workers are those

who have not worked for the major part of the reference period i.e. less than 6

months.

The main/marginal workers are classifiedbased on Industrial category of

workers in following four categories:

Cultivators

Agricultural Laborers

Household Industry Workers

Other Workers

Cultivators

For purpose of the Census, a person is classified as cultivator if he or she

is engaged in cultivation of land owned or held from Government or held from

private persons or institutions for payment in money, kind or share. Cultivation

includes effective supervision or direction in cultivation. A person who has given out

her/his land to another person or persons or institution(s) for cultivation for money,

kind or share of crop and who does not even supervise or direct cultivate on land,

is not treated as cultivator.

Agricultural Laborers

A person who works on another person’s land for wages in money or kind

or share is regarded as an agricultural laborer. She or he has no risk in the

cultivation, but merely works on another person’s land for wages. An agricultural

laborer has no right of lease or contract on land on which she/he works.

Household Industry Workers

Household Industry is defined as an industry conducted by one or more

members of the household at home or within the village in rural areas and only

within the precincts of the house where the household lives in urban areas. The

larger proportion of workers in the household industry consists of members of the

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household. The industry is not run on the scale of a registered factory where more

than 10 persons with power or 20 persons without power is in use as it would

qualify or has to be registered under the Indian Factories Act. The main criterion of

a Household industry even in urban areas is the participation of one or more

members of a household. Even if the industry is not actually located at home in

rural areas there is a greater possibility of the members of the household

participating even if it is located anywhere within the village limits. In the urban

areas, where organized industry takes greater prominence, the Household Industry

should be confined to the precincts of the house where the participants live.

Other Workers

Workers other than cultivators, agricultural laborers or workers in

Household Industry, as defined above are termed as ‘Other Workers’ (OW).

Examples of such type of workers are government servants, municipal employees,

teachers, factory workers,miners, plantation workers, those engaged in trade,

commerce, business, transport, banking, mining, construction, political or social

work, priests, entertainment artists, etc.

Below is the summary of the same data, in tabular and figurative form.

Table 3.36: Summary Worker classification

Core Zone

WORKING

TOT 4720 46.55%

NON_WORKERS

TOT 5420 53.45%

M 2943 29.02% M 2047 20.19%

F 1777 17.52% F 3373 33.26%

MAIN_WORK

TOT 3201 31.57%

MARG_WORK

TOT 1519 14.98%

M 2224 21.93% M 719 47.33%

F 977 9.64% F 800 52.67%

MAIN_CULT

TOT 964 30.12%

MARG_CULT

TOT 93 6.12%

M 885 27.65% M 75 4.94%

F 79 2.47% F 18 1.18%

MAIN_AGR

TOT 1455 45.45%

MARG_AGR

TOT 1220 80.32%

M 711 22.21% M 498 32.78%

F 744 23.24% F 722 47.53%

MAIN_HH

TOT 54 1.69%

MARG_HH

TOT 14 0.92%

M 38 1.19% M 8 0.53%

F 16 0.50% F 6 0.39%

MAIN_OTHERS

TOT 728 22.74%

MARG_OTHERS

TOT 192 12.64%

M 590 18.43% M 138 9.08%

F 138 4.31% F 54 3.55%

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Buffer Zone

WORKING

TOT 30169 51.89%

NON_WORKERS

TOT 27973 48.11%

M 18110 31.15% M 11433 19.66%

F 12059 20.74% F 16540 28.45%

MAIN_WORK

TOT 16633 28.61%

MARG_WORK

TOT 13536 23.28%

M 13054 22.45% M 5056 8.70%

F 3579 6.16% F 8480 14.58%

MAIN_CULT

TOT 6391 38.42%

MARG_CULT

TOT 2413 17.83%

M 5377 32.33% M 975 7.20%

F 1014 6.10% F 1438 10.62%

MAIN_AGR

TOT 4158 25.00%

MARG_AGR

TOT 8918 65.88%

M 2767 16.64% M 2756 20.36%

F 1391 8.36% F 6162 45.52%

MAIN_HH

TOT 463 2.78%

MARG_HH

TOT 277 2.05%

M 333 2.00% M 126 0.93%

F 130 0.78% F 151 1.12%

MAIN_OTHERS

TOT 5621 33.79%

MARG_OTHERS

TOT 1928 14.24%

M 4577 27.52% M 1199 8.86%

F 1044 6.28% F 729 5.39%

The number of female workers is less than the number of male workers.

3.7.2.5 INFRASTRUCTURE PROFILE OF THE STUDY AREA

Infrastructure refers to structures, systems, and facilities serving the

economy of a business, industry, country, city, town, or area, including the services

and facilities necessary for itseconomy to function. Its typically to characterize the

existence or condition of costly 'technical structures' such as roads,

bridges, tunnels, or other constructed facilities such as loading docks, cold storage

chambers, electrical capacity, fuel tanks, cranes, overhead clearances, or

components of water supply, sewers, electrical grids, telecommunications, and so

forth. Infrastructure thus consists of improvements with significant cost to develop

or install that return an important value over time.

Note: If infrastructure facility is not available within the village, the data

corresponding to distance range code of nearest place where facility is available is

given. Range is classified into within 5 km from village boundary, 5-10 km from

village boundary and > 10 Km from village boundary.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Road

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bridge

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tunnel

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WATER SUPPLY

Uses of water include agricultural, industrial, recreational, and

environmental activities. Providing a better water supply can significantly improve

the quality of life and is a source of, and the condition for, a socio-economic

development. Some diseases are related to insufficient or unsafe water, together

with local factors as climate, density of population, local practices etc.

Below is the summary for the same.

Table 3.37: Water supply details

Available in village Not Available in village

Water Supply Availability

Tap Water-Treated 0 93

Tap Water Untreated 33 60

Covered Well 0 93

Uncovered Well 92 1

Hand Pump 92 1

Tube Wells/Borehole 2 91

Spring 17 76

River/Canal 27 66

Tank/Pond/Lake 84 9

Others 0 93

Note: Census data for above parameters is not available for 7 villages

It is seen from the above, that treated water is not available to any village of the

study area. Also, covered is not present in any village. The main source of drinking

water is uncovered well for 92 villages and Hand Pumps for 92 villages.

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MEDICAL CENTRE SERVICES

A greater component of medical effort is devoted to improving the quality

of life, or more accurately, to prevent or to minimize the poor quality of life

associated with chronic disease: to the relief of pain, disfigurement, and

disability.

Table 3.38: Health amenities availability within village


It is seen from the above that, the medical facilities are very poor in the

study area. These are available within the range of more than 10 Kms. for most

of the villages. Primary Health Centre and Mobile Health Clinic are not present in

any village.

Veterinary hospitals, Maternity/TB clinics are present at more than 10

kms distance from most of the villages.

S. No.

Amenities Within Village

<5 km from village

5 to10 km from village

>10 km from village

1 Community Health Centre 1 1 13 78

2 Primary Health Centre 0 16 51 26

3 Primary Heallth Sub Centre 15 24 41 13

4 Maternity And Child Welfare

Centre 1 0 4 88

5 TB Clinic 1 0 7 85

6 Hospital Allopathic 4 3 5 81

7 Hospital Alternative Medicine 5 3 4 81

8 Dispensary 5 2 16 70

9 Veterinary Hospital 1 2 24 66

10 Mobile Health Clinic 0 1 11 81

11 Family Welfare Centre 2 0 0 91

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EDUCATION INSTITUTE STATUS

The educational institute availability in study area is given in following

table :

Table 3.39: Education facility availability

Within village <5 km from

village

5-10 km from

village

>10 km from

village

N.A. in census

Educational Facility

Pre-Primary School 2 4 34 51 9

Primary School 87 4 2 0 7

Middle School 45 33 15 0 7

Secondary School 18 39 36 0 7

Senior Secondary School 5 15 37 36 7

Arts and Science Degree College

3 11 19 60 7

Engineering College 0 1 1 91 7

Medicine College 0 0 0 93 7

Management Institute 0 0 0 93 7

Polytechnic 0 0 0 93 7

Vocational Training School/ITI 1 1 0 90 8

Government Non Formal Training Centre

0 0 0 77 23

Government School For Disabled

0 1 0 90 9

From above, it can be seen that availability of Education facility is very

poor. Engineering College, Medicine College, Government Non-Formal Training

Centre and Government School for Disabled is not available in any village of the

study area. It is available within the range of more than 10 kms distance.

Management Institute is not present in this area and Polytechnic College is also not

present in this area.

Pre-Primary School is available in 2 villages namely Hemgir and

Tiklipara

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Primary School are available in 87 villages

Senior Secondary School is available only in 5 villages namely.

Tunulia, Duduka, Hemgir, Lephripara and Tiklipara.

POWER SUPPLY AVAILABILITY

The power supply availability for various purposes in study area is given

following table:

Table 3.40: Power supply availability

Sl No. Type of Power Supply Available in

village Not Available in

village

1 Power- Domestic 84 9

2 Power - Agriculture 31 62

3 Power- Commercial 42 51

4 Power- All Users 28 65

Note: Census data for above parameters is not available for 7 villages.

Power supply for domestic use is good which is available for maximum numbers

(84) of villages. For agriculture, commercial and all users it is available in less

than 50% of the villages.

COMMUNICATION SERVICES

A decisive role can be played by communication in promoting human

development in today's new climate of social change. The communication

services availability for various purposes in study area is summarized in

following table.

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Table 3.41: Communication amenities availability within village

Amenities Type Within village

<5 km from

village

5-10 km from

village

>10 km from

village

Post Office 13 7 8 65

Sub Post Office 3 7 43 40

P and T Office 11 0 2 80

Landline 35 9 21 28

PCO 36 9 21 27

Mobile Coverage 91 0 1 1

Internet Cafes 6 8 25 54

Pvt. Courier Facility 6 8 24 55


The communication services availability for various purposes in study area is very

poor except Mobile Phone coverage.

TRANSPORT SERVICES

Without effective transportation, regions are largely isolated from each

other. Effective, affordable transportation also plays a role in letting people move

to new area. Below is the summary for the same.

Table 3.42: Transport amenities availability within village

S.No. Amenities Within Village < 5 km 5 to 10 km >10 km

1 Public Bus Service 38 3 9 43

2 Private Bus Service 43 15 22 13

3 Railway Station 0 0 1 92


The availability of transport facilities is very poor. Private / public bus

services for communication looks better than railway services. People use their

own vehicles for transport purpose.

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3.7.3 OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH SURVEY

Occupational health survey deals with all aspects of health and safety in

the workplace and has a strong focus on primary prevention of hazards. The health

of the workers has several determinants, including risk factors at the workplace

leading to accidents, cancers, musculoskeletal diseases, respiratory diseases,

hearing loss, circulatory diseases, stress related disorders and communicable

diseases etc.

Occupational health refers to the identification and control of the risks

arising from physical, chemical, and other workplace hazards in order to establish

and maintain a safe and healthy working environment. These hazards may include

chemical agents or solvents, heavy metals such as lead or mercury, physical

agents such as loud noise or vibration, and physical hazards such as electricity or

dangerous machinery.

Coal fly ashes (CFA) are complex particles of a variable composition,

which is mainly dependent on the combustion process, the source of coal and the

precipitation technique. Toxic constituents in these particles are consideredmetals,

polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and silica. Silica (crystalline) is considered as

human carcinogen.

Table 3.43: Health status of the area as per Medical officer Basundhara

area Hospital

Disease 0-5 years 5 - 18 years 18 - 40 years > 40 Years

Silicosis - - - -

Pneumonias - - - -

Asthma - Y Y COPD

Hypertension - - - Y

Sugar - - Y Y

TB - - - Y

Malaria - - Y Y

Cholera - - - -

Jaundice - - - -

Diarrhea Y Y Y Y

Chicken Pox - Y Y Y

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Disease 0-5 years 5 - 18 years 18 - 40 years > 40 Years

Skin Disease - Y Y Y

Paralytic Attack - - - Y

Heart Attack - - - Y

Sinusitis - Y Y Y

Arthritis - - Y Y

Anemia - Y Y Y

There is no qualified (MBBS) medical practitioner available within the

surveyed villages. Also, the villagers don’t have proper record of their medical

history. Out of the surveyed villagers nobody has reported chronic diseases. It is

observed that hypertension, sugar, TB, Malaria, paralytic attack, asthma and heart

attack are common in people of old age group (> 40 years). Anemia, Sinus, Skin

disease, chicken pox, Diarrhea, are common in all age groups above 5 years.

For healthy life, prevention is better than cure. So, one should maintain

hygiene, balanced diet, regular exercise and lifestyle modification to reduce the

stress. The water should be used after boiling and filtrations for drinking purpose.

The respondents have reported dissatisfaction over sanitation. The

stagnation of water and garbage is a major problem. The mosquito menace is also

a major problem. People should use mosquito net or coils.

3.7.4 HOUSE HOLD SURVEY

253 households of 5 villages with a population of 1050 consisting of 557

males and 493 females were surveyed for below data.

Table 3.44 HH: Surveyed Village Demographic Profile

Village Total HH Total Pop Total M Total F Lit M Lit F

Garjanbahal 70 277 152 125 135 78

Bolinga Basti 26 108 58 50 51 35

Haldibahal 77 338 168 170 151 85

Bangurkela 50 203 113 90 105 64

Jhupranga 30 124 66 58 47 29

Total 253 1050 557 493 489 291

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Table 3.45 HH: Surveyed Village Social Profile

Village Total_M Total_F SC_M SC_F ST_M ST_F OBC_M OBC_F Others_M Other_F

Garjanbahal 152 125 3 1 88 70 41 29 20 25

Bolinga Basti 58 50 17 12 37 33 2 2 2 3

Haldibahal 168 170 13 12 140 149 15 9 0 0

Bangurkela 113 90 0 0 67 54 46 36 0 0

Jhupranga 66 58 0 0 66 58 0 0 0 0

Total 557 493 33 25 398 364 104 76 22 28

% 53.05 46.95 3.14 2.38 37.90 34.67 9.90 7.24 2.10 2.67

Table 3.46 HH: Surveyed Village Economic profile

Village

Primary Source Secondary Source Avg

Annual

Income Business Job Agri Govt Labour Business Job Agri Govt Labour

Garjanbahal 0 37 33 0 0 0 0 0 0 10 179329

Bolinga Basti 0 26 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7 286539

Haldibahal 3 9 13 0 52 0 0 0 0 14 50338

Bangurkela 0 0 20 0 30 0 0 0 0 12 24310

Jhupranga 0 13 0 0 17 0 0 0 0 5 93017

Total 3 85 66 0 99 0 0 0 0 48 126707

Basic amenities are available within the distance of 10 Km.

Infrastructure for primary education is available within the villages.

Medical amenities is available within the range of >10 kms

People are using Poultry, Goat, Cow Buffalo and Bull as source of

income.

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Most houses do not have their own toilet facilities and use open land

in the village for this purpose. There are no public toilets in the

villages.

Tap, hand pumps and wells are the sources of water. The quality of

water is reasonably well. The difficulty arises in summer when the

hand pumps do not yield even half of the normal water supply.

The villages are connected with Electric lines. The villages are

connected with Electric lines but power is intermittently supplied as in

all rural areas of the state particularly in summer season.

The fuel for cooking purpose is L.P.G, kerosene, Coal or Firewood.

Most of the villages are connected with fair weather (tar/mud) roads

with state transport facilities. Motor cycles, Cycles are used for

traveling purposes. Tractors, Trucks are used for carrying materials.

During survey, it is observed that, people are very conservative about

informing their income.

The maximum expenses are on food and clothing.

3.7.5 PUBLIC AWARENESS AND OPINION ABOUT THE PROJECT

As this is a new project, most of the respondents are not aware about the

project. The respondents were asked to opine about the project. They expect job

opportunities, improvement in educational, transport, medical, housing, sanitation

facilities.

Unfavorable opinion can be attributed to increase in environmental

pollution.

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3.8 SOIL QUALITY STUDY

Soil quality study was carried out by Ecomen Laboratories Pvt. Ltd. Report

on primary baseline data on soil quality is given below:

Table – 3.47: SOIL SAMPLING LOCATION

S. No.

Location Name Coordinates of the Location

Station Code

Latitude Longitude

1 Soil sample from TumuliaVillage 220 01’ 06’’N 830 43’ 30’’ E

KES 1

2 Soil sample from Balbuspur Village 220 03’ 01’’ N 83039’ 37’’ E

KES 2

3 Soil sample from Patarapalli Village 220 02’ 44’’ N 83040’36’’ E

KES 3

4 Soil sample from Siarmal Village 220 02’ 47’’ N 830 43’ 38’’ E

KES 4

Table – 3.48: SOIL QUALITY DATA

Date of Sampling : 12/01/2018 Date of Sample Tested : 18/01/2018 to 1/02/2018

Station code KES 1 Tumulia

Sl. No. PARAMETERS Results

30 cm 60 cm 90 cm

1 pH 7.09 7.16 7.01

2 Elec.Conductivity(µ mhos/cm) 161.00 183.00 100.00

3 Nitrogen Av.(mg/kg) 116.00 102.00 96.00

4 Phosphorous Av.(mg P2O5/kg) 6.30 5.20 4.50

5 Potassium Av.(mg/kg) 96.00 102.00 90.00

6 SAR 2.90 1.95 2.25

7 WHC (%) 16.00 19.00 16.50

8 Organic Carbon (%) 0.790 0.650 0.090

9 Specific Gravity 1.77 1.70 1.85

10 Field capaicity 24.10 25.30 29.20

11 Wilting Coefficient 10.00 12.00 9.45

12 Grain Size Distribution

a) Textural Class Sandy Clay Sandy Clay Sandy Clay

b) Sand (%) 42 45 50

c) Silt (%) 23 25 21 d) Clay (%) 35 30 29

13 Cation Exchange Capacity (meq/100g)

9.85 7.11 8.00

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Table-3.49: SOIL QUALITY DATA


Station code KES 2 Balbuspur


30 cm 60 cm 90 cm

1 pH 7.63 7.49 7.70


3 Nitrogen Av.(mg/kg) 121.00 90.00 82.00



6 SAR 3.10 3.85 3.60

7 WHC (%) 32.00 30.20 34.50

8 Organic Carbon (%) 0.880 0.720 0.220


10 Field capaicity 50.20 52.01 46.20



a) Textural Class Sandy Clay Sandy Clay Sandy Clay

b) Sand (%) 34 30 36

c) Silt (%) 46 40 51

d) Clay (%) 20 30 13


7.10 7.56 11.00

Table-3.50 SOIL QUALITY DATA


Station Code KES 3 Patarapalli


30 cm 60 cm 90 cm

1 pH 7.11 7.19 7.06


3 Nitrogen Av.(mg/kg) 167.00 155.00 148.02



6 SAR 2.56 2.90 2.33

7 WHC (%) 36.50 35.75 32.90

8 Organic Carbon (%) 0.960 0.750 0.460

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30 cm 60 cm 90 cm


10 Field capaicity 40.30 35.50 38.10



a) Textural Class Sandy Loam Sandy Loam Sandy

b) Sand (%) 41 38 44

c) Silt (%) 26 27 30

d) Clay (%) 33 35 26


14.20 12.50 10.80

Table-3.51 SOIL QUALITY DATA


Station Code KES 4 Siarmal


30 cm 60 cm 90 cm

1 pH 6.98 7.12 6.89


3 Nitrogen Av.(mg/kg) 142.00 124.00 133.00



6 SAR 2.46 2.40 2.35

7 WHC (%) 32.01 28.50 36.90

8 Organic Carbon (%) 0.540 0.350 0.070


10 Field capaicity 42.00 38.70 43.60



a) Textural Class Loam Loam Sandy Loam

b) Sand (%) 40 52 46

c) Silt (%) 29 33 24

d) Clay (%) 31 25 30


14.10 12.50 8.90

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3.9 INFORMATION ON BIO-DIVERSITY

Base line monitoring data for flora and fauna was done by M/s VRDS

Consultants, Chennei. The study was conducted during November 2017 to

February 2018.

3.9.1 FLORA STUDY

For carrying out floral study, quadrant method was adopted for

quantification of trees and herbs. Random Quadrants of uniform sizes were laid

down at study area to assess the biodiversity, density, girth class and height of

species in the study area. It is quantified by counting the number of trees in a 10m

x 10m quadrant and Herbs in 1m x 1m quadrant. Height of the tree species and

girth of trees at breast height (DBH) is measured and recorded. Density,

Biodiversity Simpson index of it is calculated. The updated botanical names are

provided with author citation as per International Botanical nomenclature.

Identification of terrestrial vegetation in relation to natural forest flora and

croplands is conducted through reconnaissance field surveys and direct insight

observations. The plant species identification is done based on the morphological

characteristics and reproductive materials i.e. flowers, fruits and seeds. Land use

pattern in relation to agriculture practices and crop verities is identified through

physical verification of farm lands.

Natural vegetation, invaded species, avenue trees, home garden plants,

hedge vegetation of agriculture fields, plants present in the ponds, rivers, and hill

areas are noted downlisted through direct sighting. The identity of the herbs,

shrubs, climber, and trees are confirmed using the regional floras. Photographs

and latitude / longitude of the location have recorded.

Secondary data and local names of species are confirmed and recorded in

consultation with collected from the villagers/ forest department personnel. The

updated botanical names are provided with author citation as per International

Botanical nomenclature.

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3.9.2 FAUNA STUDY

The faunal study is proposed to be carried out through direct and indirect

methods of faunal sighting and its identification. Line transact method is used for

direct enumeration of species and pug marks, habitat, furs, thorns, skin, voice

notes etc is used for indirect method of enumeration. Further, secondary data is

used for listing of faunal species in the project core and buffer area.The survey

study is carried out during early hours of morning and late hours of evening time.

To assess the potential of the area as habitat of avifauna transects method is used.

Birds, Insects and Butterflies are observed by walking carefully through transect. A

single observer walked at a constant pace using Binocular. Birds either flying or

perched are recorded.

Avian fauna (bird’s species) identification has been done from

ornithological notes and pictorial descriptions of various authors.

The authenticity of occurrence of faunal elements, local ecology and

species of high conservation importance, migratory corridors and wild animal paths

is gathered by interacting with local inhabitants and forest department personnel.

The status of each faunal species recorded from the project areas is ascertained

provided as per schedules of Indian Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972.

The project consists of 349.71 Ha forest land and 1940.74 Ha non forest

(agriculture / waste) land.

Aquatic flora is identified by inspecting Basundhara River, Telendra nalla,

Chattar jhor, water bodies, Ponds etc.

3.9.3 BIODIVERSITY STUDY

Biodiversity refers to the variability among living organisms from all sources

including, inter alia, terrestrial, marine and other aquatic ecosystems and the

ecological complexes of which they are part. This includes diversity within species,

between species and of ecosystems. For assessment of biodiversity, data from

quadrants were collected and analysed in Simpsons index calculation.

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3.9.3.1 Core zone (10 X 10M Quadrant)

Table 3.52: Quadrate sampling in core zone

i) Near Gopalpur village

S. No

Common Name

Scientific Name Nos. Diameter at (DBH), cm

Height (meter)

Trees

1 Bael Aegle marmelos (L.) Corrêa 1 Small 1.0

2 Tendu Diospyros melanoxylon Roxb. 1 44.0 6.0

3 Chaar Buchanania cochinchinensis (Lour.) M.R.Almeida

2 18.0, 15.0 4.0, 4.5

4 Polash Butea monosperma (Lam.) Taub. 2 Small 1.5

5 Karras Cleistanthus collinus 2 Small 1.5

6 Dowra Lagerstroemia parviflora Roxb. 1 Small 1.5

7 Sal/sarai Shorea robusta Gaertn. 3 16 – 20 2.5

8 Kuda Holarrhena pubescens Wall. ex G.Don 15 40.0 - 45.0 6.0- 6.5

9 Mahua Madhuca longifolia (J.Koenig ex L.) J.F.Macbr.

1 226 9.0

Total 28 - -

Herbs/climbers/grasses - -

1 Ban tulasi Hyptis suaveolens (L.) Poit 10 - -

2 Sahadevi Cyanthillium cinereum (L.) H.Rob 8 - -

3 Grass Dactyloctenium aegyptium (L.) Willd. 9 - -

4 Anantmul Hemidesmus indicus (L.) R. Br. ex Schult.

4 - -

5 Panwar Senna tora (L.) Roxb. 10 - -

6 Bala Sida acuta L. 10 - -

7 Sharpunka Tephrosia purpurea (L.) Pers. 5 - -

Total 56 - -

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ii) Ratansara Village

Table 3.53

S. No

Common Name


Height (meter)

Trees

1 Char Buchanania cochinchinensis (Lour.) M.R.Almeida

1 29.0 5.0

2 Polash Butea monosperma (Lam.) Taub.

1 20.0 5.0

3 Peepal tree

Ficus religiosa L. 1 150 + 64 15.0

4 Kuda Holarrhena pubescens Wall. ex G.Don

6 Coppice growth

1.5 – 2.0

5 Dowra Lagerstroemia parviflora Roxb. 3 Small 2.0


2 69, 103 13.0, 14.0

Total 14 - -

3.9.3.2 Buffer zone (10 x 10m quadrant)

Table 3.54 : Quadrate sampling the buffer zone

i) Near Kulda Chowk (22°02.468 N; 83° 43.845 E)

S. No

Common Name


Height (meter)

Trees

1 Haldu Haldina cordifolia (Roxb.) Ridsdale

1 269 20


2 15 3


1 280 17

5 Kuda Holarrhena pubescens Wall. Ex G.Don

6 Thin 1.5 – 2.0

Total 10 - -

The site is affected by forest fire, ground vegetation is nil. Sal coppice – 5

present.

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Table 3.55: Quadrate sampling the buffer zone

ii) Near Kulda chowk (22°02.500 N; 83° 43.802 E)

S. No

Common Name


Height (meter)

Trees

1 Neem Azadirachta indica A.Juss. 1 180.0 12.0

2 Bael Aegle marmelos (L.) Corrêa 3 214.0 - 220 12.5


10 10.0 - 40.0 6.0

4 Kuda Holarrhena pubescens Wall. ex G.Don

6 10, Small 1.0- 1.5

5 Dowra Lagerstroemia parviflora Roxb. 1 35.0 3.5

6 Tendu Diospyros melanoxylon Roxb. 6 Small 1.0 – 1.5

Total 27 - -

The site is affected by forest fire, ground vegetation is nil.

Table 3.56: Quadrate sampling the buffer zone iii) Near Thellandi, ( 22°02. 228 N; 83° 40.964 E )

S. No

Common Name


Height (meter)

Trees

1 Sal/sarai Shorea robusta Gaertn. 3 15.0 - 20.0 4.0 – 5.0


2 30.0 – 37.0 4.0 - 6.0

3 East Indian Satinwood

Chloroxylon swietenia DC. 10 Small 1.0 – 2.0


1 127.0 11

5 Jamun Syzygium cumini (L.) Skeels 2 25.0, 30.0 4,5

Total 18 - -

Ground vegetation is disturbed by forest fire.

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Table 3.57: Quadrate sampling the buffer zone iv) Near Kulaparha village, 22°04.543 N; 83° 42.989 E

S. No

Common Name

Scientific Name Nos. Diameter at (DBH),

cm

Height (meter)

1 Sambirani, Dhoop

Boswellia serrata Roxb. ex Colebr.

1 130 13.5


1 42 7.0

3 Mahua Madhuca indica J F Gmel 1 120 8.5

4 Asan Terminalia tomentosa Wight & Arn.

1 90 7

5 Tendu Diospyros melanoxylon Roxb. 1 70 7.5

6 Dhaora Anogeissus latifolia (Roxb. ex DC.) Wall. ex Guillem. & Perr.

2 20 - 21 4.5 - 5

Total 7 - -

Herbs / Climbers / Grasses

1 Ban tulasi Hyptis suaveolens (L.) Poit 7 - -

2 Broom grass Aristida setacea Retz. 6 - -

3 Dahi phool Woodfordia fruticosa (L.) Kurz

4 - -

17 - -

Calculation Of Simpson’s Index Of Biodiversity

Simpson index of biodiversity (D) = 1- C

Where C =

D = Simpson’s index of Diversity

n = the total number of organisms of a particular species,

N = the total number of organisms of all species

The value of this index also ranges between 0 and 1, and the greater the

value, the greater the sample diversity. A comparison of floral biodiversity between

core zone and buffer zone is given in Table 3.54. Table shows that biodiversity in

core zone forest area is very low compared to buffer zone.

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Table 3.58: Comparison of floral biodiversity in core zone and buffer zone of

the project.

Zone Quadrat Location Simpson index of

biodiversity

% Simpson index of

biodiversity

Core zone

Gopalpur 22°03’513”N ; 83° 42’385”E 0.68 68.11%

Near Ratansar 22°03.369 N; 83° 40.535 E 0.73 73.47%

Buffer zone

Near Kulda chowk 22°02.468 N ; 83° 43.845 E 0.58 58.00%

Near Kulda chowk 22°02.500 N; 83° 43.802 E 0.68 68.11%

Thellandi 22°02. 228 N ; 83° 40.964 E 0.63 63.58%

Near Kulaparha village 22°04.543 N; 83° 42.989 E 0.75 74.90%

The above shows that, biodiversity in Core zone ranged between 0.68- 0.73,

which is lower than buffer zone forest 0.58 - 0.75. It shows that there are more

species in the quadrat sampling area.

3.9.4 BASELINE STATUS OF FLORA

Flora of the project areas is classified in to Terrestrial and Aquatic flora.

Terrestrial Flora

Terrestrial flora consists of the following:

(i) Agriculture crops cultivated (cereals, pulses and vegetables) during

rainy season (Kharif) and post rainy months of winter season (Rabi);

(ii) Commercial crops;

(iii) Natural vegetation of Forest type includes endemic species/

endangered species.

(iv) Plantations and Agro-forestry species and

(v) Grass lands

Agricultural Crops

Important categories of crops include cereals, pulses (legumes), fruits and

vegetables.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cereal

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Cropping systems vary among farms depending on the available resources

and constraints; geography and climate of the farm. To a certain extent most of the

agriculture activity is confined to Southwest monsoon period of July to October.

Agriculture crops of study area are cultivated in backyards and farmlands during

post-rainy months. A checklist of agriculture crops of the core and buffer zone are

presented in below tables.

Commercial Crops

Farmers grow grains, legumes, and vegetables to feed their families and his

livestock. But anything beyond that grown to make money would be a commercial

crop. The check list of commercial crops is presented in below tables.

Agro forestry species

The agro forestry species developed in vacant farm lands and barren areas

as a means of preserving or enhancing the productivity of the land. It combines

shrubs and trees of local varieties in agricultural and forestry technologies to create

more diverse, productive, profitable, healthy, ecologically sound, and sustainable

land-use systems. The agro forestry species of the study area are presented below

in tables.

Natural Vegetation/ Forest Type

These are uncultivated and uninhabited pieces of land covered by trees and

shrubs. They play a vital role in the life and culture of the people. They form an

important renewable natural resource.

In the absence of scientific management in the past, forests of the study

area have suffered from heavy felling. Biotic pressure exerted by human beings and

domestic animals of surrounding areas is also tremendous.

The status of forest flora of the study is presented in below tables.

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Grass Lands

No prominent grass land ecosystem was found in the study area of the

project. However, the grass lands were mixed with natural vegetation forest

patches in low lands and the cultivable waste lands are now being utilized as

grazing grounds to the livestock species.

Aquatic Flora

The aquatic flora adjacent to Basundhar Nadi, Bhaina Jor, Pulkajhor Nala,

Barhajharia nala, Telendra Nala, Chhaten Jor, rivulets in village ditches and small

ponds of the study area are presented in below table.

Terrestrial Flora in Core and Buffer Zone

The area is adjacent to existing mine, forest area, agriculture fields and

villages. The forest area is degraded in some areas. Polash, Lagerstroemia, mahua

are the most common tree, besides villagers have grown several useful trees. Paddy

fields, vegetable cultivation, cattle rearing are the major agriculture related activities

here.

Table 3.59: List of Agricultural crops – Core & Buffer Zone

Sl. No.

Botanical Name English Name

Common / Hindi Name

Name of Class / Family

Core zone

Buffer zone

1 Amaranthushybridus L. Amaranthus Cauleyi, Amaranthaceae

+ +

2 Capsicum annum L. Chilly Lalmirchi Solanaceae + +

3 Citrus limon(L.) Burm f Lemon Nimbu Rutaceae + +

4 CoriandrumsativumL. Coriander, Dhanya Apiaceae + +

5 Cucurbita maxima Duch ex Lam.

Pumpkin Kaddoo Cucurbitaceae + +

6 Ipomoea batatas(L.) Lam. Sweet potato

Shakarakand

Convolvulaceae

+ +

7 Lagenariasiceraria (Molina) Standl

Bottle guard

Laukee Cucurbitaceae + +

8 Luffaacutangula (L.) Roxb. Ridged guard

Turee Cucurbitaceae + +

9 Luffacylindrica (L.) M.Roem. Spong gourd

Spanjlaukee Cucurbitaceae + +

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Sl. No.


Common / Hindi Name


Core zone

Buffer zone

10 LycopersicumesculentumL. Tomato Tamatar Solanaceae + +

11 MomordicacharantiaL. Bitter Gourd

Karela Cucurbitaceae + +

12 RhapanussativusL. Radish Moolee Brassicaceae + +

13 SolanummelongenaL. Brinjal Baingan Solanaceae + +

14 TrichosanthesdioicaRoxb. Pointed guard

Parwal Cucurbitaceae + +

15 ZingiberofficinaleRoscoe Ginger Adarakh Zingiberaceae - +

Farmers grow grains, legumes, and vegetables to feed their families and

their livestock. But anything beyond that grown to make money would be a

commercial crop. A checklist of commercial crops of the core and buffer zone is

presented below in table 3.60.

Table 3.60: List of List of Commercial crops - Core & Buffer Zone

Sl. No.

Botanical Name Engligh Name

Common / Hindi Name


Core zone

Buffer zone

1 Brassica nigra (L.) K.Koch

Mustard Sarason Brassicaceae + +

2 CicerarietinumL. Chickpea Kaabuleechana Leguminosae + +

3 Oryza sativa L. Paddy Dhaan Poaceae + +

4 SesamumorientaleL. Sesame Til Pedaliaceae + +

5 Zea mays L. Maize Makka Poaceae + +

The study area has Garjanpahar (Adjacent) Jamkani RF, Ghogarpall RF,

Lalma RF, Kalatpani RF, Balijori RF and Jhatikhol RF. Total forest land of the

project is 349.71 Ha. Most of the land is uncultivated and uninhabited piece of land

covered by trees and shrubs. It plays a vital role in the life and culture of the

people. A checklist of natural vegetation of the core and buffer zone is presented

below in table 3.61.

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Table 3.61: List of Natural Vegetation - Core Zone and Buffer Zone

Sl. No.


Common / Hindi Name


Core zone

Buffer

zone

REET Statu

s

Trees 1 Acacia

auriculiformisBenth.

Black wattle

- Leguminosae

- + -

2 Acacia nilotica (L.) Willdex Delile

Babul Babool Leguminosae

+ + -

3 Aeglemarmelos (L.) Corrêa

Stone apple

Bael Rutaceae + + -

4 Albiziaprocera (Roxb.) Benth.

White sirish

Safedsirish Leguminosae

- + -

5 Albizialebbeck (L.) Benth

Sirish Shirish Leguminosae

- + -

6 Alstoniascholoris (L.) R.Br

Blackboard tree

Saptaparni,Chitvan

Apocynaceae

- + -

7 Anogeissuslatifolia (Roxb. ex DC.) Wall. exGuillem. &Perr

Axle Wood Tree

Dhonkda

Combretaceae

- + -

8 ArtocarpusheterophyllusLam.

Jack Kathal, Moraceae + + -

9 BoswelliaserrataRoxb. exColebr.

'Indian olibanum

Salaidhoop Burseraceae - + -

10 Buchananiacochinchinensis (Lour.) M.R.Almeida

Chironji Tree

Chhar Anacardiaceae

+ + -

11 Buteamonosperma (Lam.) Taub.

Flame of the forest

Palash, Dhak

Leguminosae

- + -

12 Cassia fistula L. Indian laburnum

Amaltas Leguminosae

- + -

13 ChloroxylonswieteniaDC.

East Indian satinwood

Bhirra Rutaceae - + -

14 DiospyrosmelanoxylonRoxb.

Coromandel ebony

Tendu Ebenaceae - + -

15 FicusbenghalensisL. Banyan Bargad Moraceae + + -

16 FicusmollisVahl Donkey's banyan

Son pakhad Moraceae - +

17 FicusracemosaL. Cluster Fig Goolar Moraceae + + -

18 FicusreligiosaL. Sacred fig Pipal Moraceae + + -

19 GmelinaarboreaRoxb.

Beech wood

Gamhar Lamiaceae - + -

20 Haldinacordifolia (Roxb.) Ridsdale

Haldu Karam Rubiaceae + + -

21 Holopteleaintegrifoila (Roxb.) Planch

Indian elm Aarjan Ulmaceae - + -

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Sl. No.


Common / Hindi Name


Core zone

Buffer

zone

REET Statu

s

22 IxoraparvifloraLam White ixora Kotogandal Rubiaceae - + -

23 Lagerstroemia parvifloraRoxb.

Small Flowered Crape Myrtle

Dawra Lythraceae - + -

24 Lanneacoromandelica (Houtt.) Merr

Indian ash tree

Mohin Anacardiaceae

- + -

25 Madhucalongifolia var. latifolia (Roxb.) A.Chev.

Indian butter tree

Mahua Sapotaceae - + -

26 MangiferaindicaL. Mango Aam, Anacardiaceae

+ + -

27 Phoenix sylvestris (L.) Roxb.

Wild Date Palm

Khajur Arecaceae - + -

28 PhyllanthusemblicaL.

Emblicmyrobalan

Amla Phyllanthaceae

- + -

29 Pithecellobiumdulce (Roxb.) Benth.

Manila tamarind

Ganga imli Leguminosae

- + -

30 PlumeriarubraL. Temple tree

Golenchi Apocynaceae

- + -

31 Pongamiapinnata(L.) Pierre

Indian beech

Karanjva Legumonosae

- + -

32 Salmaliamalabarica(DC) Schott &Endl.

Silk cotton Salmale Bombacaceae

- + -

33 Schleicheraoleosa(Lour.) Oke

Lac tree Kusum Sapindaceae - + -

34 ShorearobustaGaertn.

Sal sarai Dipterocarpaceae

- + -

35 StreblusasperLour. Sand paper tree

Sihora, Moraceae - + -

36 Syzygiumcuminii(L.) Skeels

Rose apple

Jamun Myrtaceae + + -

37 TectonagrandisL. Teak, saghvan Lamiaceae - + -

38 Terminaliaarjuna(Roxb.) Wt&Arn.

Arjun Arjun, mathi Combretaceae

- + -

39 TerminaliaalataWall. Laurel Asan Combretaceae

- + -

40 Terminaliabellirica(Gaertn.) Roxb.

Belericmyrobalan

Bahera Combretaceae

- + -

41 WrightiatinctoriaR.Br.

Sweet Indrajao

Kutajau Apocynaceae

- + -

42 ZiziphusmauritianaLamk.

Indian plum

Ber Rhamnaceae

+ + -

Shrubs

1 AnnonasquamosaL. Custard apple

Custard apple

Annonaceae + + -

2 Calotropisgigantea(L.) R.Br.

Indian mader

Indian mader

Apocynaceae

+ + -

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Sl. No.


Common / Hindi Name


Core zone

Buffer

zone

REET Statu

s

3 Chromolaenaodorata(L.) R.M.King&H.Rob.

Jack in the bush

Jack in the bush

Asteraceae - + -

4 Ipomoea carneaJace

Bush morning glory

Besharam Convolvulaceae

+ + -

5 Lantana camera L. Wild sage Raimuniya Lamiaceae - + - 6 Phyllanthusreticulat

usL. Black-Honey Shrub

Kanbojini Phyllanthaceae

+ + -

7 RicinuscommunisL. Castor Arandi Euphorbiaceae

+ + -

8 SenegaliapennataMizo

Climbing wattle

Biswal Leguminosae

- + -

9 Sennaalata (L.) Roxb.

Candle bush

Ergaj Leguminosae

- + -

10 ThevetianeriifoliaJuss. ExSteud.

Yellow oleander

Peelikaner Apocynaceae

+ + -

11 Vachelliafarnesiana (L.) Wight &Arn.

Sweet acacia

Guhbaboool, Leguminosae

- + -

12 VitexnegundoL. Chaste Tree.

Nirgundi Verbenaceae

+ + -

13 Woodfordiafruticosa (L.) Kurz

Fire Flame Bush

Dhaiphool Lythraceae + + -

14 Zizyphusoenoplia (L.)Miller

Small-Fruited Jujube

Makora Rhamnaceae

- + -

Climbers

1 Abrusprecatorius L. Crabs eye Ratti Leguminosae

- + -

2 Caesalpiniabonduc (L.) Roxb.

Fever nut Kankarej, Leguminosae

+ + -

3 CappariszeylanicaL.

Ceylon caper

ardanda Capparaceae

- + -

4 CissampelospareiraL.

False Pareira Brava

Padh Menispermaceae

- +

5 Dioscoreapentaphylla L.

Five Leaf Yam

Kantaalu, Dioscoreaceae

+ + -

6 Endosamararacemosa (Roxb.) R.Geesink

- - Leguminosae

+ +

7 Hemidesmusindicus (L.) R. Br. ex Schult.

Indian sarsaparilla

Anantmul Apocynaceae

+

+ -

8 Ichnocarpusfrutescens (L.) R.Br.

Black Creeper

Kali doddee Apocynaceae

+ + -

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Sl. No.


Common / Hindi Name


Core zone

Buffer

zone

REET Statu

s

9 OlaxscandensRoxb. Harduli - Olacaceae 10 QuisqualiaindicaL. Rangoon

creeper - Combretace

ae + + -

11 Tinosporasinensis (Lour.) Merr.

Malabar Gulbel

Giloy Menispermaceae

- + -

12 Vallarissolanacea(Roth) Kuntze

Bread flower,

- Apocynaceae

+ + -

13 VentilagomaderapatanaGaertn.

Red Creeper

Pitti Rhamnaceae

- + -

14 Wattakakavolubilis(L.f) Stap f

Sneeze Wort

Dugdhive Apocynaceae

+ + -

Herbs 1 Achyranthusaspera

L. Prickly Chaff Flower

Chirchita Amaranthaceae

+ + -

2 Alternantheraparonychioides A.St.-Hil

Smooth joyweed

- Amaranthaceae

+ + -

3 Alysicarpusvaginalis (L.) DC

Alyce Clover

Chauli/Sauri Leguminosae

+ + -

4 AndrographispaniculataWall ex Nees

Creat Kalmeg Acanthaceae

+ + -

5 Argemonemexicana L.

Mexican poppy

Satyanashi Papavaraceae

+ + -

6 Blumeaoxyodonta DC

Spiny Leaved Blumea

Creeping blumea

Asteraceae + + -

7 Blumeaaxillaris (Lam.) DC.

- - Asteraceae + + -

8 Canscoradiffusa (Vahl) R.Br. ex Roem. &Schult.

- Kilwar Gentianaceae

+ + -

9 Celosia argenteaL. Silver cock's comb

Common Cockscomb

Amaranthaceae

- + -

10 ColdeniaprocumbensL.

Creeping Coldenia

Tripunkhi Boraginaceae

+ + -

11 Cyanthilliumcinereum (L.) H.Rob

- Sahadevi Compositae + + -

12 Desmodiumtriflorum (L.) DC

Threeflowerticktrefoil

Kudalia Leguminosae

+ + -

13 Ecliptaprostrata (L.) L.

False Daisy

Bringaraj Asteraceae - + -

14 Euphorbia hirtaL. Asthma Weed

Laldudhi Euphorbiaceae

+ + -

15 Evolvulusalsinoides Dwarf Vishnugranth Convolvulac + + -

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Sl. No.


Common / Hindi Name


Core zone

Buffer

zone

REET Statu

s

(L.) L. Morning Glory

a eae

16 Evolvulusnummularius (L.)L.

Roundleaf Bindweed

- Convolvulaceae

+ + -

17 Hyptissuaveolens (L.) Poit

American Mint

Vilaititulasi Lamiaceae + + -

18 Leucasindica (L.) R.Br ex Vatke

- Dronapushpi Lamiaceae + + -

19 Mimosa pudicaL. Touch me not

Lajjalu Leguminoae + + -

20 MollugopentaphyllaL.

Carpet weed

Jharasi Molluginaceae

+ + -

21 Pedilanthustithymaloides (L.) Poit.

Devil's Backbone

- Euphorbiaceae

- + -

22 Peristrophebicalyculata (Retz.) Nees

- Kali angedi Acanthaceae

+ + -

23 Pogostemonbenghalensis (Burm.f.) Kuntze

Bengal pogostemon

ishwarjata Lamiaceae - + -

24 ScopariadulcisL. Sweet Broom Weed,

Mithipatti. Scrophulariaceae

- + -

25 Sennatora (L.) Roxb.

Stinking Cassia

Panwar Leguminosae

- + -

26 SidaacutaL. Common Wireweed

Baraira Malvaceae + + -

27 SidacordifoliaL. Bala Bariar Malvaceae + + -

28 SpermacocehispidaL.

Shaggy Buttonweed

Madanaghanti

Rubiaceae + + -

29 SpermacoceocymoidesBurm.f

Purple Leaved Button Weed

Not available Rubiaceae + + -

30 Tephrosiapurpurea (L.) Pers

Common Tephrosia

Sharpunka Leguminosae

+ + -

31 TriumfettarhomboideaeJacq.

Burr Bush, Chikti Malvaceae + + -

32 Vanda tessellata (Roxb.) Hook. Ex G.Don

Checkered Vanda

perasara Orchidaceae - + -

33 Xanthium strumarium L.

Cocklebur ChotaDhatura,

Asteraceae + + -

The forest found in this area is of dry deciduous type. In the absence of

scientific management in the past, forests of the survey area have suffered from

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heavy felling. Biotic pressure exerted by human beings and domestic animals of

surrounding areas is also high and degrading the forest land.

The flora of the project is of common type and there are no rare and

endangered species found in the core and buffer zone.

The plants reported as endangered by some publications are found in

abundance in some other geographies.

Grass Lands

No prominent grass land ecosystem is present in the study area. However,

the grass lands is mixed with natural vegetation, forest patches in low lands and the

cultivable waste lands are now being utilized as grazing grounds to the livestock

species. A checklist of grass land species of the core and buffer zone is presented

below in table 3.62.

Table 3.62 : List of Grass Land species in the core zone/buffer zone

Sl. No.


Common / Hindi Name

Name of class / Family

Core zone

Buffer zone

REET status

1 ApludamuticaL. Mauration grass

Tachula Poaceae + + -

2 AristidasetaceaRetz. Broom grass

- Poaceae + + -

3 Arundodonax L. Giant Reed Baranal Poaceae - + - 4 Bambusaarundinaceae

L. Bamboo Bambu Poaceae + + -

5 Cynodondactylon (L.) Pers.

Bermuda grass

Durva Poaceae - +

6 Dactylocteniumaegyptium (L.) Willd.

Crow foot grass

- Poaceae + + -

7 Eragrostisamabilis (L.) Wight &Arn.

Love grass Bilaayateejau Poaceae + + -

8 Heteropogoncontortus (L.) P.Beauv. ex Roem. &Schult.

Spear grass Kher, Kumryaghas

Poaceae + + -

9 Imperatacylindrica (L.) Raeusch

Cogon grass

- Poaceae + + _

10 SetariafaberiHerrm Japanese bristlegrass

- Poaceae + + -

Source: Field survey, Interaction with local peoples and Available literature

The grass land species are of common type and there are no rare and


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The agro forestry species developed in vacant farm lands and barren areas

as a means of preserving or enhancing the productivity of the land. It combines

shrubs and trees of local varieties in agricultural and forestry technologies to create

more diverse, productive, profitable, healthy, ecologically sound, and sustainable

land-use systems. A checklist of the same is presented below in table 3.63.

Table 3.63: List of Plantation done by MCL/Villagers

Sl. No.

Name of the species

Botanical English Hindi Family

1 Acacia auriculiformis A.Cunn ex Benth

Australian black wattle

- Leguminosae

2 Albizialebbeck (L.) Benth Sirish Shirish Leguminosae

3 Alstoniascholoris (L.) R.Br Blackboard tree Sowparni Apocynaceae

4 ArtocarpusheterophyllusLam. Jack Kat Hal, Moraceae

5 Azadirachtaindica (L.) A.Juss Neem Margosa Meliaceae

6 Cassia siamiaLamk Avenue cassia - Leguminosae

7 DalbergiasissooDC Sesam Leguminosae

8 Eucalyptus teriticornisSm. Blue gum Myrtaceae

9 FicusreligiosaL. Peepal Moraceae

10 GrevillearobustaA.Cunn ex R.Br. Silver oak Proteaceae

11 Madhucalongifolia var. latifolia (Roxb.) A.Chev.

Indian butter tree Mahua Sapotaceae

12 MangiferaindicaL. Mango Aam, Anacardiaceae

13 Peltophorumpterocarpum (DC) Baker ex Heyne

Copper pod -

Leguminosae

14 PhyllanthusemblicaL. Emblicmyrobalan Amla Phyllanthaceae

15 Pithecellobiumdulce (Roxb.) Benth. Manila tamarind Ganga imli Leguminosae

16 Pongamiapinnata (L.) Pierre Indian beech tree Karanj Leguminosae

17 PsidiumguajavaL. Guava amruth Myrtaceae

18 Syzygiumcuminii (L.) Skeels Rose apple Jamun Myrtaceae

19 Tectonagrandis L. Teak Sagon Lamiaceae

20 Terminaliabellirica (Gaertn.) Roxb. Belericmyrobalan Bahera Combretaceae

21 VitexnegundoL. Chaste Tree Samhalu Lamiaceae

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Aquatic Flora Core/Buffer Zone

Aquatic flora is identified by inspecting Basundhara River, Telendra nalla,

Chattar jhor, water bodies, Ponds etc. of the survey area is presented below in

table 3.64.

Table 3.64: List of Aquatic Plants – Core/buffer Zone

Sl. No.


Common / Hindi Name

Name of class / Family

Core zone

Buffer zone

REET status

1 Colocasiaesculenta (L.) Schott

Taro Arvi, Kachalu

Araceae + + -

2 CyperuscorymbosusRottb.

- Nagar motha

Cyperaceae + +

-

3 Eichhorniacrassipes(Mart) Solms

Water hyacinth

- Pontederiaceae + +

-

4 Hygrophilaringens (L.) R. Br. Ex Spreng.

Wild hygrophila

- Acanthaceae + + -

5 Ipomoea aquaticaForssk. Water Morning Glory

Nali Convolvulaceae

+ + -

6 MarsileaquadrifoliaL. Four leaved clover

Caupatiya Marsiliaceae + + -

7 Monochoriavaginalis (Burm.f.) C.Presl

Nanka Panpatta Pontedraceae + + -

8 NymphaeanouchaliBurm f Water lily Neelkama

l

Nymphaeaceae + + -

9 Nymphoidesindica (L.) Kuntze.

Water Snowflake

Kumudini Menyanhaceae + + -

10 Persicariaglabra (Willd.) M.Gómez

Dense flower Knotweed

Bihagni + + -

11 Phyla nodiflora (L.) Grene Jalapippali Bukkan Verbenaceae + + -

12 Typhadomingensis Pers. southern cattail

Patera Typhaceae + + -

The aquatic flora of the survey area is of common type and there are no rare and


3.9.5 BASELINE STATUS OF FAUNA

Ecosystem is an integrated unit that contains both animals and plants

whose survival is dependent on biotic and abiotic structure. Fauna of the project

areas is classified in to Terrestrial and Aquatic flora. The baseline status of

terrestrial and aquatic fauna is provided separately below:

CMPDI


Core zone & Buffer Zone

Terrestrial Fauna

Among the faunal groups avifauna of terrestrial inhabitants of passerine

category birds are conspicuous in forest patches, agro-ecosystems of crop land

habitats and plantations. The list of terrestrial Fauna in Core/Buffer Zone is

presented below in table 3.65.

Table 3.65: List of Terrestrial Fauna – Core/ Buffer Zone

Sl. No.

Scientific Name

English Name Common /

Hindi Name WAP, 1972

Status ICUN

Status

Core Zone

Buffer Zone

Mammal

1 Bandicota bengalensis

Bandicoot Rat Chuha V LC

+ +

2 Canis aureus Jackal Geedhad II LC - +

3 Funambulus pennanti

Ground Squirrel Gilheri IV DD

+ +

4 Herpestes edwardsi

Indian Grey Mongoose

Nevlaa II LC

+ +

5 Lepus nigricollis

Black napped Hare

Khargosh IV LC

- +

6 Macaca mulatta Rhesus Macaque Bandar II LC + +

7 Mus booduga

Indian Field Mouse

Chuha V LC

- +

8 Rattus rattus

Common House Rat

Chuha V LC

+ +

9 Presbytis entellus

Common Languor Langur II LC

- +

10 Sus scrofa Wild Pig Suar III LC - +

11 Vulpes bengalensis

Indian Fox Lomdi II LC

- +

Birds

1 Acridotheres tristis

Common myna Myna IV LC + +

2 Alcedo atthis Small blue kingfisher

Ramchiraya IV LC + +

3 Apus affinis House Swift Babeela IV LC + +

4 Ardeola grayii Indian pond heron

Andha bagula IV LC + +

5 Bubulcus ibis Cattle egret Bagula IV LC + +

6 Columbia livia Pigeon Kabootar IV LC + +

7 Corvus macrorhynchos

Jungle crow Kauva IV LC + +

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Sl. No.

Scientific Name



Status ICUN

Status

Core Zone

Buffer Zone

8 Corvus splendens

House crow Kauva IV LC + +

9 Centropus sinensis

Crow pheasant Couckoo IV LC + +

10 Charadrius dubius

Little ringed plover IV LC

+ +

11 Coracias benghalensis Indian roller Neelkanth IV LC

+ +

12 Dendrocitta vagabond Indian tree pie Mahalath IV LC

+ +

13 Dicrurus macrocercus Black drango Bhujanga IV LC

+ +

14 Dinopium benghalense

Common wood pecker Katpodwa IV LC

+ +

15 Egretta alba Larger egret Bakula IV LC + +

16 Eudynamys scolopacea Indian Koel Koel IV LC

+ +

17 Halcyon smyrnensis

White-breasted kingfisher Ramchiraya IV LC

+ +

18 Haliastur Indus Brahminy kite Cheel IV LC + +

19 Merops orientalis Small bee-eater Patena IV LC

+ +

20 Milvus migrans Black kite Cheel IV LC + +

21 Passer domesticus House sparrow Goreya IV LC

+ +

22 Ploceus philippinus Baya weaver Baya IV LC

+ +

23 Psittacula krameri

Rose ringed parakeet IV LC

+ +

24 Pycnonotus cafer

Red-vented bulbul Bulbul IV LC

+ +

25 Streptopelia chinensis Spotted dove Kabutar IV LC

+ +

26 Sturnus contra Asian pied starling Maina IV LC

+ +

27 Turdoides caudatus Common babbler Gaigai IV LC

+ +

28 Upupa epops Common hoopoe Hudhud IV LC + +

29 Vanellus indicus Red-wattled lapwing Titeeri IV LC

+ +

Reptile

1 Bungarus caeruleus

Krait Sanmp II LC + +

2 Calotes versicolor

Garden lizard Girgit II

LC + +

3 Enhydris enhydris

Smooth water snake

Sanmp II

LC + +

Naja tripudians

Common Cobra Sanmp II

LC + +

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Sl. No.

Scientific Name



Status ICUN

Status

Core Zone

Buffer Zone

4 Natrix piscator Water Snake Sanmp II LC + +

5 Zamenis mucosus

Rat Snake Sanmp II

LC + +

Amphibian

1 Bufo melanostictus Common toad Medhak IV LC

+ +

2 Euphlyctis hexadactyla Common frog Medhak IV LC

+ +

Butteflies

1 Danaus genutia Striped tiger Teetli (5) IV LC + + Source: Field survey, Interaction with local peoples and Available literature

Apart from wildlife category the domesticated species like Goat (Capra aegagrus); Buffalo (Bubalus bubalis); Cow (Bos primigenius); Pig (Sus scrofa domesticus) and Dog (Canis lupus familiaris) were commonly found in villages.

The terrestrial Fauna of the survey area is of common type and there are

no rare and endangered species found in the core and buffer zone. The population

of fauna, especially mammals is found to be low.

AQUATIC FAUNA

Aquatic flora is identified by inspecting Basundhara river, Telendra nalla,

Chattarjhor, water bodies, Ponds etc. of the survey area is presented below in table

3.66.

Table 3.66 : List of aquatic Fauna in the core zone/buffer zone

Sl. No.

Scientific Name

English Name

Common / Hindi Name

Scheduled Status ( WAP, 1972)

ICUN Status

Core Zone

Buffer Zone

Fishes

1 Catla catla

Catla Rohu NA LC + +

2 Channa punctatus

Spotted murrel

Murrai NA LC

+ +

3 Clarias batrachus

walking catfish

Maggri NA LC

+ +

4 Labeo rohita

Rohu Rohu NA

LC + +

Source: Field survey, Interaction with local peoples and Available literature

It is observed that, as per the IUCN – Red Data Book (RDB) endangered,

endemic and threaten species of fauna are not present within the survey area.

CMPDI


Table 3.67: Description of flora & fauna separately in the core and buffer zones

A. Flora Core Zone Buffer Zone

1. Agricultural crops (Vegetables)

Amaranthushybridus L. Capsicum annum L. Citrus limon (L.) Burm f CoriandrumsativumL. Cucurbita maxima Duch ex Lam. Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam. Lagenariasiceraria (Molina) Standl Luffaacutangula (L.) Roxb. Luffacylindrica (L.) M.Roem. LycopersicumesculentumL. MomordicacharantiaL. RhapanussativusL. SolanummelongenaL. TrichosanthesdioicaRoxb.

Amaranthushybridus L. Capsicum annum L. Citrus limon (L.) Burm f CoriandrumsativumL. Cucurbita maxima Duch ex Lam. Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam. Lagenariasiceraria(Molina) Standl Luffaacutangula (L.) Roxb. Luffacylindrica (L.) M.Roem. LycopersicumesculentumL. MomordicacharantiaL. RhapanussativusL. SolanummelongenaL. TrichosanthesdioicaRoxb. ZingiberofficinaleRoscoe

2. Commerical crops

Brassica nigra (L.) K.Koch CicerarietinumL. Oryza sativa L. SesamumorientaleL. Zea mays L.

Brassica nigra (L.) K.Koch CicerarietinumL. Oryza sativa L. SesamumorientaleL. Zea mays L.

3. Plantation Table 3.63 Table 3.63

4. Natural vegetation / forest type

Table 3.61 Table 3.61

5. Grass lands Table 3.62 Table 3.62


None None

7. Endemic species None None

8. Others (specify) (Type of trees)


B. Fauna Core Zone Buffer Zone

1. Total listing of faunal elements



None None

3. Endemic species None None

4. Migratory species

None None

5. Details of aquatic fauna, if applicable

Table 3.66 Table.3.66

CMPDI


3.10 PLACES OF RELIGIOUS, HISTORICAL AND

ARCHEOLOGICAL IMPORTANCE

No such place exists in the study area of proposed OCP.

CMPDI


Chapter–4

ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES

4.1 ASSESSMENT OF IMPACT AND CONTROL MEASURES ON AIR QUALITY

INTRODUCTION

The impacts of mining and its allied activities have been assessed in respect

of air, water, noise, land resources, socio-economic bio-diversity, etc.

4.1.1 AIR POLLUTION IMPACT ASSESSMENT

Dust (PM10 and PM2.5) is the major emission from mining activities in coalfield

area. Impact has been predicted for air quality taking PM10 and PM2.5 into

consideration in and around the project area. The impact assessment has been

carried out considering with the following points:

(i) Calculation of rate of generation of PM10 and PM2.5 using empirical

formulae and emission factors for different mining operations developed

by USEPA & Site specific emission rate developed by CMPDI and

CMRI Dhanbad.

(ii) Air quality impact prediction (AQIP) using AERMOD 9.1.0.

(iii) The AQIP modeling has been carried out for the capacity of 50.0 MTY.

4.1.2 CALCULATION OF RATE OF GENERATION OF PM10 & PM2.5 FROM

SIARMAL OCP USING EMPIRICAL EQUATIONS

Activity-wise emission rates have been estimated. The formulae have been

used to evaluate the emission rate for the mining activities and locations e.g. drilling,

haul road, transportation road, loading, unloading, dozing on dumps and coal

handling etc. Based on the above study, rate of generation of PM10 & PM2.5 from

Siarmal OCP for 50.0 MTPA has been calculated.

CMPDI


Consideration of production and population of equipment

(i) The production schedule of 50.0 MTPA with corresponding mine

life of 38 years has been considered.

(ii) Total OB removal is 2269.69 M.Cum.

(iii) The equipment, their capacity and population for 50.0 MTPA are

given in chapter 2, para 2.15.

4.1.3 AIR QUALITY IMPACT PREDICTION (AQIP) OF PM10 PM2.5 USING

AERMOD MODEL

Air quality impact prediction (for PM10 & PM2.5) for this mine was carried out

using “AERMOD Model” considering open pit, line and area sources. The model was

applied to production of 50.0 Mty for with control measures.

The average PM10 at baseline stations, predicted incremental PM10 concentration

and absolute PM10 at various receptors are given in the following table:

Table 4.1: Predicted and Absolute value of PM10 with control measures

(Values in µg/cu. m)

Baseline Stations

Distance from

boundary and direction from center

of Core Zone

Measured PM10

(Average)

Predicted incre. PM10 using AQIP

Predicted absolute

PM10

Standard

With control

measures

With control

measures

(i) (iii) (i)+(iii)

Gopalpur --- 75.33 56.14 131.47 250#

Siarmal --- 75.24 60.01 135.25 250#

Rampia 7.8,NW 75.30 8.98 84.28 100*

Sumura 5.57 N 73.20 3.49 76.69 100*

Kanikalan 7.6,NE 76.91 0.26 77.17 100*

Barpali 8.40, E 74.05 6.02 80.07 100*

Kaurikalan 5.20,SE 78.58 2.06 80.64 100*

Garjanjore 3.83 W 76.60 2.56 79.16 100*

Mundelkhet 4.22 NW 78.58 9.88 88.46 100*

Ghogharpali 3.47 NW 79.42 5.62 85.04 100*

# Coal Mine Standard

* NAAQS 2009

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The average PM2.5 at baseline stations, predicted incremental PM2.5

concentration and absolute PM2.5 at various receptors are given in the following table:

Table 4.2: Predicted and Absolute value of PM2.5 with control measures (Values in µg/cu. m)

Baseline Stations

Distance from

boundary and

direction from center

of Core Zone

Measured PM2.5

(Average)

Predicted incre. PM2.5 using AQIP

Predicted absolute

PM2.5

Standard



(i) (iii) (i)+(iii)

Gopalpur --- 34.57 10.04 44.61 ---

Siarmal --- 35.95 7.24 43.19 ---

Rampia 7.8,NW 36.50 0.94 37.44 60*

Sumura 5.57 N 33.28 0.32 33.60 60*

Kanikalan 7.6,NE 45.67 0.03 45.70 60*

Barpali 8.40, E 33.59 0.64 34.23 60*

Kaurikalan 5.20,SE 38.20 0.18 38.38 60*

Garjanjore 3.83 W 36.73 0.35 37.08 60*

Mundelkhet 4.22 NW 37.19 0.69 37.88 60*

Ghogharpali 3.47 NW 38.15 0.64 38.79 60*

* NAAQS 2009

4.1.4 RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS

It can be observed from the above table that with control measures the

predicted absolute values of PM10 and PM2.5 levels is well within the permissible limit.

4.1.5 AIR POLLUTION CONTROL MEASURES

Appropriate air control measures will be adopted to maintain the ambient air

quality within the stipulated standard. The control measures will be adopted for

various operations like drilling operation, blasting operation, loading and transport,

coal handling plant, fires at coalfaces and coal stock yard, OB dump(s) and workshop

and stores, etc.

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Drilling Operation

All drills will be equipped with dust extractors and wet drilling will be

done in all drilling operation.

Blasting operation

Major Coal production (90%) will be done by blast free

environmental friendly Surface Miner.

Controlled blasting will be done to minimize generation of dust.

Loading & transporting

Surfacing all service roads by asphalt.

Un-metaled roads shall be kept free of ruts.

Provision has been made for instant shower system.

Development of greenbelt.

Provision of silo system.

Covering of coal transportation trucks with tarpaulin at top and

bottom.

Regular cleaning of coal transportation road.

Coal handling plant & transportation system

Suppression of dust by fixed sprinklers in all critical points.

Covered conveyor belts.

Provision for Silo loading has been proposed.

Total coal will be transported to silo from the CHP directly by

covered conveyor belts.

Provision of dry fog system at feeder breaker of all the CHPs.

Fires at coalfaces, coal stock yard

Provision of adequate fire-fighting arrangements.

Storage of water at all critical points.

Regular supervision.

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OB dumps

Blanketing with OB materials to put off the oxygen supply

Workshop & store

Proper ventilation system.

4.2 ASSESSMENT OF IMPACT AND CONTROL MEASURES ON

HYDROLOGY & HYDRO-GEOLOGY

The adverse impacts are changes in ground water flow patterns, lowering of

water table, changes in the hydrodynamic conditions of river/underground recharge

basins, reduction in volumes of subsurface discharge to water bodies / rivers,

disruption & diversion of water courses / drainages, contamination of water bodies,

affecting the yield of water from bore wells and dug-wells, etc.

Knowledge of mining impact on ground water is requisite while deciding and

designing to protect surface water bodies. Predicted mining impact on water is

broadly classified as:

4.2.1 QUANTITATIVE IMPACT & CONTROL MEASURES ON WATER

4.2.1.1 PROPOSED CONTROL MEASURES FOR DISRUPTION OF NATURAL

DRAINAGE NETWORK LOCATED IN THE CORE ZONE

The drainage system of the area will be undisturbed as there is no proposed

nalla diversion. However straightening of Chattarjhor is proposed.

4.2.1.2 PROPOSED CONTROL MEASURES TO PROTECT SURFACE WATER BODIES FROM SILTATION AND CHOKING OF WATER COURSES RESULTING IN SCARCITY OF SURFACE WATER AND FLOODING PROBLEM IN THE AREA

The drainage arrangement for smooth disposal of storm water from external

overburden dump is extremely essential to avoid gully formation on the dump body

and also siltation problem of the nearby natural drains. The following steps will be

followed for effective drainage:

CMPDI


Drainage arrangement for External OB Dumps

Catch drain

An open drain of appropriate size will be provided on all terraces at the foot

of next bench to receive the storm water from upper benches. This will be then

discharged to the lower benches through masonry chute, thus minimizing gully

formation in the slope of external dump.

Foot drain

A foot drain of proper size will be provided around the external OB dump

(portion exposed to outside only). This drain will collect run-off from dump and direct

it to settling tank/sedimentation pond before discharge to nearby natural water

courses.

Drainage arrangement for Internal OB dumps

A part of the quarry will be backfilled with overburden. The backfilling will be

carried out in a phased manner. Once the backfilling has reached a certain

predetermined reduced level, the plots will be leveled graded and cleared of large

stone pieces lying on the surface. The slope of the ground will be made very gentle

as far as possible (preferably less than 2%). The graded and leveled area will be

divided into small sectors and small check bunds will be constructed to retain

moisture and humus in the soil. The drainage arrangements for precipitation run-off

are as follows:

During working stage, the run-off will be collected from internal dump by

foot drain for diverting to mine sump for pumping.

In the post-mining period, the drainage pattern of the reclaimed area

will be such that the run-off will be diverted to final void of the quarry as

a measure for water harvesting.

4.2.1.3 PROPOSED CONTROL MEASURES TO PROTECT SURFACE WATER

BODIES FROM REDUCTION AND CHANGES IN STORM RUN-OFF OR

SURFACE RUN-OFF WATER COURSES

When the opencast mine is commissioned, garland drain will be provided

around the excavation boundary to guard against mine inundation due to rainfall run-

CMPDI


off or storm run-off. Mine water generated from excavation area by direct rainfall will

be pumped time to time for safe mine operation after meeting the internal

requirement.

4.2.1.4 PROPOSED CONTROL MEASURES TO PROTECT DECLINING OF

GROUND WATER LEVEL FROM EARLY DRYING UP OF SURFACE

WATER BODIES LIKE PONDS, LAKES & STREAM FLOW

There is an intricate relationship between surface water and ground water. In

the monsoon time, till the aquifer attains its original ground water level, the surface

water bodies like stream flow, ponds & lakes recharge the aquifer. As soon as the

ground water recoups and attains its level, the groundwater contributes water to the

surface water bodies. After post-monsoon period, this process is reversed again as

the ground water level gets lowered from the original level. This recharge and

discharge system of the area brings surface water and ground water relationship

complicated. The water balance studies of this area unties the above said intricate

relationship of surface and ground water.

Considering the hydrogeological set-up of the area, the estimated radius of

influence from the available hydrogeological parameter will be 150 mts due to mine

dewatering. This mine dewatering would bring down the ground water level in the

immediate vicinity of the mine. Maximum effort will be made to recycle or reuse the

treated effluents totally to the extent possible by keeping the makeup water in

different sumps or lower bench of the mine as a measure for ‘rain water harvesting’

in the project. In unusual situations during monsoon, mine discharge water will be

allowed to go as recharge/run-off in the same basin of the area. The backfilling

operation of mining will restore water level in the immediate vicinity of the excavation

area by arresting mine seepage.

4.2.2 QUALITATIVE IMPACT ON WATER

Mining and its related activities create water quality problems. These problems

are identified and the likely sources of water pollution from this project along with the

type of pollutants are follows:

CMPDI


(a) Sanitary (domestic) waste water.

(b) Industrial wastewater from workshop -- Suspended solids, oil & grease.

(c) Waste water from mine -- Suspended solids of coal, clay and oil.

(d) Surface run-off passing through coal stockpiles -- Suspended solids

(e) Storm water from leasehold area and built-up area -- Suspended solids.

4.2.2.1 EFFECTIVE WATER POLLUTION CONTROL MEASURES ON QUALITY

ARE TAKEN/SHALL BE CONTINUED AT THE PROPOSED SIARMAL

OCP KEEPING THE FOLLOWING POINTS IN VIEW

Sufficient safeguards during the planning stage to make the project eco-

friendly from water pollution control point of view.

Recycling of wastewater after appropriate treatment to achieve "zero

discharge" to the extent possible at some sources.

Conforming to the limits of the Environment (Protection) Amendment

Rules, 2000 (“Schedules-VI”, General Standards for discharge of

environmental pollutants, Part-A : Effluents) for quality of the treated

effluent.

4.2.2.2 SANITARY (DOMESTIC) WASTE WATER

About 80% of the total consumption will contribute to sanitary waste water

which will be treated mainly for total suspended solids (TSS) and bio-chemical

oxygen demand (BOD). Therefore, depending upon the pollution load in the domestic

effluent, a suitable treatment scheme with sedimentation tank for TSS and aeration

facilities for BOD will be formulated out (Fig.-4.1) and commissioned for the project

as and when needed. Treated water will be utilized for watering the plants. Domestic

Effluent Treatment Plant (DETP) will be provided for the colony as well as for the

service building. Water balance flow-chart is given in Figure 4.1

CMPDI


Figure 4.1: Water balance flowchart on peak demand of Siarmal OCP

4.2.2.3 INDUSTRIAL WASTEWATER FROM WORKSHOP

Industrial wastewater will be suitably treated in a plant (Fig.-4.2) consisting of

pre and post-settling chambers/tanks and oil and grease trap (OGT). The treated

effluent from this plant will be collected in a tank for recycling the same for industrial

use resulting in ‘zero discharge’. The sludge collected from the settling chamber will

be disposed off as landfill in the decoaled area. Oil and grease manually reclaimed

from the trap will be stored in drums safely for disposal through auction. Oily sludge

will be disposed off in the impervious layer lined pit.

4.2.2.4 WASTE WATER FROM MINE

Mine discharge water will be collected in a sump pit located in the mine floor

from where it will be pumped out and diverted to mine discharge treatment plant

(MDTP) consisting of oil and grease trap and sedimentation pond(s) with chemical

dozing arrangement to arrest suspended solids and oil and grease. Then, treated

Water balance flowchart on Peak Demand (Siarmal OCP)

Water supply scheme and treated effluent

from the project

Potable Water Supply for Residential Colony & Service

Buildings

Industrial Effluent

Treatment Plant

Fire Fighting and

Dust Suppression

10704 m3/day

Potable water consumption Industrial consumption

2204 m3/day 1750 m3/day 6750m3/day

Domestic Treatment Plant

Losses

444 m3/day 1760 m3/day

Treated clear water for reuse

Treated clear water for watering of

plantation area

Sludge for landfill or farmyard manure

1232m3/day

1400 m3/day

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water will be used for dust suppression in haul road and CHP besides washing of

dumpers and/or dozers in workshop. The sludge collected from the pond(s) will be

utilized as landfill in the decoaled area. The oily sludge from oil and grease trap(s)

will be disposed off in the impervious layer lined pit. Oil and grease recovered

manually from the trap(s) will be stored in drums safely for disposal through auction.

Effort will be made to keep the balance make up water in the lower benches of the

mine as a measure for “Rain Water Harvesting”. In unusual situations during

monsoon, mine discharge will be allowed to go as recharge / run-off in the same

basin of the area.

CMPDI


Figure 4.2: Proposed Flow Sheet for Domestic and Effluent Treatment Plant

Pump(s)

Pump(s)

Aeration Tank Clarifier

Overflow

Sludge Drying Bed(s)

Underf

low

to

Aera

tion T

ank

Sludge for disposal as

farmyard manure

Domestic effluent from

residential colony

Screen Channel

Collection Well

Flow Sheet for Domestic Effluent Treatment Plant

Oil and Grease Trap

Manual recovery

of oil & grease

Flash Mixer

Mine discharge water

(from mine sump)

Settling Tank

Settling Tank

Settling Tank

Settling Tank

Treated Water Tank

Water for reuse for

industrial purpose

Flow Sheet for Intragrated Treatment Plant for Mine Discharge Water and Industrial Effluent

Industrial effluent

from workshop

Fig.-I

Treated

effluent for

irrigation of

gardens

Coagulant dozing

Pump(s)

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4.2.2.5 SURFACE RUN-OFF

(a) From OB dumps

The surface run-off from the OB dump will be collected in garland drain of

appropriate size provided at the foot. The foot drain will carry water to a

sedimentation pond from where the overflow would be directed into natural drain

through controlled discharge outlets. The overflow will be monitored regularly for TSS

to enable corrective actions before water meets the natural water ways.

(b) From coal dumps

Drains will be provided around the coal dumps to collect run-off for diverting

into sedimentation ponds before discharge into natural water courses.

4.2.2.6 STORM WATER

To prevent inrush of precipitation run-off from the outside area to the quarry,

storm water drains of suitable dimensions will be provided at appropriate locations

with outlets to natural water courses. Settling tanks/ponds will be provided in the

storm water drains at convenient locations to take care of suspended solids.

4.2.2.7 MEASURES FOR GROUNDWATER RECHARGING

The decoaled voids will be used for water harvesting structures.

The backfilling will arrest the mine seepage resulting restoration of

ground water in the immediate vicinity of the area.

The unlined garland drain and sedimentation pond will enhance the run-

off recharge.

Further, sufficient available rainfall recharge of aquifers will supplement

the restoration of ground water regime of the surrounding area.

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4.2.3 WATER BALANCE

Table-4.3: Gross Annual Groundwater Draft for ‘All uses’ in Buffer Zone

GROUNDWATER DRAFT Mcum

1. NET IRRIGATION USE

i. For 1546 Ha area 1.86

ii. Return flow to Groundwater system (25%) (-) 0.47

Net irrigation use 1.39

2. COMMUNITY USE

i. Total population 58142 (@ 70 lpcd for 365 days) 1.49

ii. For cattle population (10% of item i): 0.15

iii. Mine use (mine water)

(for all mines falling in the buffer zone) 1.71

Total Community use 3.35

3. NET ANNUAL MINE DISCHARGE

i Total Mine Pumping in the Area

(for all mines falling in the buffer zone) 8.38

ii Mine Use (-) 1.71

iii Total discharge after mine use 6.67

iv 20% return flow to Groundwater system (-) 1.33

v Net mine discharge in the area 5.34

4 GROSS ANNUAL GROUNDWATER DRAFT FOR ‘ALL USES’

IN BUFFER ZONE 10.08

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Table-4.4: Groundwater Recharge Estimation of Buffer Zone (As Per GEC’97)

i) Rainfall Recharge in Buffer Zone by Rainfall Infiltration Method

Description of items

1. Area

Sedimentary (sq.km) 360.91

Hard Rock (sq.km) 176.34

2. Normal Rainfall during

a. Monsoon season (in mm) 1020.90

b. Non-monsoon season (in mm) 84.90

c. Is non-monsoon season rainfall as a percentage of normal annual rainfall greater than 10% (yes/no) (*Then Non-monsoon Rainfall Recharge will also not be taken)

No* (7.687%)

3. Rainfall infiltration factor Sedimentary Hard Rock

12% 8%

4. Rainfall recharge in Buffer zone by Rainfall Infiltration Factor Method

Sedimentary Hard Rock

Total

a. Monsoon season (Mcum) [ (1) * (2a) * (3) ]

44.18 14.39 58.57

b. Non-monsoon season (M.Cum) [ = Nil if (2c) is ‘No’ = (1) * (2b) * (3) if (2c) is ‘Yes’ ]

- - -

Total 44.18 14.39

Gross Rainfall Recharge (Mcum) 58.57

ii) Rainfall Recharge in Buffer Zone by Water Level Fluctuation Method during monsoon season

Description of items Sedimentary Hard Rock

1. Area (sq.km) 360.91 176.34

2. Water Table Fluctuation (m) 3.17 2.21

3. Specific Yield 4% 3%

4. Change in Groundwater Storage [ (1) * (2) * (3) ] (M cum)

45.76 11.69

5. Total (M cum) 57.45

6. Gross groundwater Draft for ‘All Uses’ during monsoon season (M cum) (from Table: 7.v.1.d.)

2.86

7. Gross Rainfall Recharge (M cum) [ (5) + (6) ]

60.31

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iii) Rainfall Recharge in Buffer Zone after comparing results from Water Level

Fluctuation Method and Rainfall Infiltration Factor Method during monsoon

season

Description of items Quantity

1. Rainfall Recharge during monsoon season in Buffer Zone

a. By Water Level Fluctuation Method (M.cum) 60.31

b. By Rainfall Infiltration Factor Method (M.cum) 58.57

2. Difference between (1a) and (1b) expressed as a percentage of (1b), ‘PD’

[{(1a) – (1b)/ (1b)}*100] 2.97%

3. Rainfall Recharge in the Buffer Zone during monsoon season (M.cum) [ = (1a) if ‘PD’ is between -20 and +20% = 0.8 * (1b) if ‘PD’ is less than -20% = 1.20 * (1b) if ‘PD’ is greater than +20% ]

60.31

iv) Net Annual Groundwater Availability in Buffer Zone

Description of items (Mcum)

1. Rainfall Recharge in Buffer Zone

a. During Monsoon season ( Rainfall Infiltration Method ) 60.31

b. During Non-monsoon season (Rainfall Infiltration Method) (from Table: 4.4.i.4.b)

NIL

c. Annual [ (1a) + (1b) ] 60.31

2. Recharge from ‘Other Sources’

a. During Monsoon season 2.19

i. Return flow to Groundwater system (20%) through mine discharge (from Table: 6.3.)

ii. Recharge through water bodies in the area:

(12.22 sq km x 0.0014 m/d x 150)

0.64

1.55

b. During Non-monsoon season 3.99

i. Return flow to Groundwater system (25%) through irrigation (from Table: 4.3.1.ii.)

ii. Return flow to Groundwater system (20%) through mine discharge (from Table: 6.3.)

iii. Recharge through water bodies in the area:

(12.22 sq km x 0.0014 m/d x 215)

0.47

1.30

2.22

c. Total Annual [ (2a) + (2b) ] 6.18

3. Gross Annual Groundwater Recharge [ (1c) + (2c) ] 66.49

4. Natural discharge and other losses

a. [ 5% * (3) ] if rainfall recharge during monsoon season computed by ‘Water table Fluctuation Method’

3.32

b. [ 10% * (3) ] if rainfall recharge during monsoon season computed by ‘Rainfall Infiltration factor Method’

NIL

5. Net Annual Groundwater Availability in Buffer Zone [ (3) – (4) ] 63.17

6. Annual Gross Groundwater Draft for all uses in Buffer Zone 10.08

7. Balance Available Annual Groundwater Recharge (Net Annual

Groundwater Availability – Gross Annual Groundwater Draft) 53.09

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v) Gross Groundwater Draft for all uses in Buffer zone

Description of items Monsoon Season

Non-monsoon season

Total

1. Gross Groundwater Draft of the Buffer Zone [ from Table No – 4.3]

(Mcum) (Mcum) (Mcum)

a. Irrigation Draft - 1.39 1.39

b. Community Water Draft 1.10 2.25 3.35

c. Industrial Draft (Net Mine Discharge) 1.76 3.58 5.34

d. ‘All Uses’ [ (1a) + (1b) + (1c) ]

2.86 7.22

2. Annual Gross Groundwater Draft for ‘All uses’ in Buffer Zone [sum of monsoon and non-monsoon season]

10.08 Mcum

vi) Stage of Groundwater Development in Buffer Zone

Description of items Buffer Zone

1. Stage of Groundwater Development

a. Net Groundwater Availability (Mcum) (from Table: 4.4.iv.5.) 63.17

b. Annual Gross Groundwater Draft (Mcum) (from Table: 4.4.v.2.) 10.08

c. Balance Available Annual Groundwater Recharge 53.09

d. Stage of Groundwater Development [ {(1b) / (1a)} * 100 ] 15.96%

Table- 4.5: Groundwater Balance of Core Zone

A. Ground Water Recharge Mcum

Recharge through rainfall in geographical area (Rg)

(22.90 sq.km x 1.1058 m rainfall x 12% infiltration) 3.04

Gross Recharge (Rg): 3.04

Natural discharges & other losses (10% of Rg): (-) 0.30

Net Annual Ground water Recharge: 2.74

B. GROUNDWATER DRAFT

Mine Pumping 3.98

20% return flow to Groundwater system (-) 0.80

Net mine discharge in the area 3.18

Industrial water consumption of mine will be fulfilled through mine pumping

Net Annual Groundwater Draft 3.18

C. Balance Available Annual Groundwater Recharge (A-B) -0.44

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The net groundwater availability and ground water draft are estimated as 63.17 Mm3

and 10.08 Mm3 respectively for this area. Moreover, it is found from the water balance study

that the balance annual groundwater recharge comes to about 53.09 Mm3 after considering

mine discharge, domestic as well as cultivation requirements of the area. Hence, it is

estimated that there is surplus water available per annum from the ground water annual

recharge after catering to the future requirement in the buffer zone.

However, in the core zone, the extraction of ground water by mining will be 3.18 Mm3

per annum, which is more than the annual rainfall recharge (2.74 Mm3). This balance

quantum (0.44 Mm3) of over extraction will be met through the surrounding strata (buffer

zone) as the water bearing geological strata cannot be viewed in isolation, as core zone is

<5% of its buffer zone area.

Groundwater balance diagram and Water usage diagram is given in Figure 4.3, and

4.4 respectively

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Figure 4.3: Groundwater balance flow diagram of buffer zone, Siarmal OCP

Precipitation (A) (All Values are in M.Cu.m)

Evaporation

1251.20 mm

Surface Runoff

Specific Yield Sedimentary 4.0%

Hard rock: 3%,

5% Net Draft

of Rg (10.08)

Evapotranspiration

Land System

(537.25 sq.km)

Gross annual Groundwater

Recharge (Rg)

(66.49)

Nearby Old Abandoned quarry/peripheral village pond/Agriculture field

Net Mine Discharge

(5.34)

Sedimentation Tank /Filter

Plant

Net Irrigation

use (1.39)

Oil & Grease

Trap

Balance Annual Available

Groundwater Resource

(53.09)

Natural

Discharges &

other losses

(3.32)

Community use (3.35)

Soak Pit

Industrial use Domestic use

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Figure 4.4: Water usage diagram of Siarmal OCP

(All Values are in m3 / day)

8723 m3/day Industrial Need 1018 m3/day 2250 m3/day 178 m3/day 20% Infiltration loss 5277 m3/day

Fire fighting Service

2250 m3/day

Haul road watering/Dust Suppression /water losses 5277 m3/day

Sedimentation

Tank

8723 m3/day

HEMM Washing/ Workshop needs/floor washing

1018 m3/day

Irrigation, Water supply & other uses in peripheral villages

Sedimentation and filtration

20% loss

8723 m3/d

Pond/ Tank/Old

quarry

(142 m3/day)

MINE DISCHARGE

10904 m3/day

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4.2.4 GROUNDWATER STAGE DEVELOPMENT

Coal mining is the major industrial activity in the area. CGWB, South Eastern

Region, Bhubaneswar has reported the stage of ground water development in Hemgir

development block (where Siarmall OCP exist), Sundergarh district as 15.05 % and identified

the region with category “Safe”. The ground water development in Sundergarh district was

reported as 26.14 % and identified under the category of “Safe”. Stage of groundwater

development for buffer zone of the project area determined is about 15.96 %, which is also

under ‘safe’ category.

4.2.5 WATER DEMAND AND SUPPLY ARRANGEMENT FOR THE PROJECT

Water demand Quantity (MLD)

Potable 2.204

Industrial (including fire-fighting) 8.500

Total 10.704





implemented.

4.2.6 PREDICTED MINE WATER INFLOW AND DISPOSAL

Table 4.6: Predicted Inflow (Mm3/annum)

Source In rainy

season

In lean

season

Direct precipitation and seepage from strata and

surrounding, etc.

3.23 0.75

The waste water from mine will be collected in a sump pit located in the mine

floor from where it will be pumped out and diverted to a sedimentation pond to arrest

suspended solids. Then, the clear water will be recycled for industrial use, fire

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fighting, watering of plants and dust suppression in haul road besides washing of

dumpers or dozer in workshop. The pumping of mine water during mining in Siarmal

OCP will not adversely affect the ground water regime in the surrounding area due to

availability of sufficient replenishable annual ground water recharge in the area. As a

matter of fact, the mine make-up water will be conserved in the lower benches as a

step for rain water harvesting to meet project water requirement.

4.2.7 CONCLUSION

The following conclusion is drawn from the above study:

Mining operation will create voids or depressions, which are inducing or

accelerating rainfall recharge and run-off in the mining area.

After considering mine discharge, domestic as well as cultivation

requirements, the balance annual groundwater recharge comes to

about 53.09 Mm3/annum.

Maximum effort will be made to recycle or reuse the treated effluents

totally to the extent possible by keeping the make-up of water in different

sumps or low lying area of the project.

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4.3 NOISE QUALITY

4.3.1 NOISE IMPACT ASSESSMENT

The major adverse impacts during pre-mining and mining phases are

generation of obnoxious levels of noise & vibrations which also spread in

neighbouring communities.

The other impacts are occupational health hazards, damage to structures,

disruption in wildlife, etc.

NOISE PRODUCING SOURCES

The sources of noise will be:

Drilling operation in OB

Blasting for overburden

Operation of HEMMs

Operation of equipment in CHP, workshop, etc.

The noise associated with mining activities may be classified into three types:

Continuous

Intermittent

Impulse

IMPACT OF NOISE

The workmen associated with the operation of HEMMs, etc. will experience a

noise level above stipulated 90 dB (A) [DGMS Circular, No.18 (Tech.) of

1975] for more than 4-4.5 hours per shift. Unless suitable mitigatory

measures are taken, high noise pollution will have impact on the workmen. It

is worthwhile to mention that intermittent and impulse noises are considered

to be less dangerous than continuous noise due to the short exposure

duration except under the situation when the level exceeds 115 dB (A).

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4.3.2 NOISE POLLUTION CONTROL MEASURES

The following control measures shall be taken:

Proper designing of plant & machinery by providing in-built mechanisms

like silencers, mufflers and enclosures for noise generating parts and

shock absorbing pads at the foundation of vibrating equipment.

Routine maintenance of equipment.

Enclosures for crusher house, etc.

Rational deployment of noise generating plant and machinery.

Greenbelts around the quarry, infrastructure sites, service building area

and township besides avenue plantation on both sides of the roads to

maintain noise level at night time within the limit for the inhabited

localities situated at a very close proximity.

Locating township away from noise centre.

HEMMs with sound proof cabins.

Chute linings in CHP.

Provision of isolation for vibrating equipment (both fixed and mobile)

foundation.

Personal protective devices to all the persons working in high noise

areas.

Regular monitoring of noise levels at various points.

4.4 RISKS AND HAZARDS

Risks and hazards arise mainly from blasting and mine occupational activities

and are well established.

4.4.1 IMPACT ON BLASTING VIBRATION

Blasting may affect the mineworkers as well as people residing in the vicinity

of mine and dependent upon the type & quantity of explosives used pit geology,

topography and confinement of the blast.

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Measures for safe blasting

Due attention will be given to the following factors:

(a) All provisions of Coal Mines Regulations will be followed.

(b) Overcharging will be avoided and quantity of explosive will be decided

as per conditions imposed by DGMS.

(c) Stemming material to be used is sand. However, the drill cuttings and

chips of triangular shape can be used as an effective stemming material

with proper packing.

(d) Use of millisecond delay detonators that are initiated by shock tube

initiation system, between rows and between holes in the same row.

(e) Blasting will be done in day time during the shift change over period as

per requirement. However, the frequency of blasting will depend upon

the availability of land (tenancy in particular), DGMS permission for use

of explosive, meteorological condition, geo-mining condition and

method of mining.

(f) Before blasting is done, warning sound is given so that people can

move to safe places.

4.4.2 BLASTING AND VIBRATION CONTROL MEASURES

Proper conformation to measures for safe blasting as mentioned above,

to avoid damage to any structure or annoyance to the people in the

colony area or neighbouring villages.

Proper design factor will be taken while constructing various structures

for stability against vibration.

A blasting danger zone will be kept around the periphery of the quarry.

This zone will be kept free from village habitation and community

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infrastructure and thus impact of vibration after blasting on the surface

structures is avoided.

Controlled blasting will be done near built-up areas and surface

features, as and when required.

Adoption of present day technology of use of site mixed slurry (SMS)

explosives.

4.5 IMPACT ON SOCIO ECONOMIC PROFILE

The major adverse impact is the displacement and rehabilitation /

resettlement of affected people including change in culture, heritage & related

features. The crime and illicit activities also prop-up due to sudden economic

development of the area.

POSITIVE IMPACTS:

Ratansara, Gopalpur, Jhupurunga, Siarmal, Kulada, Tunulia, villages are

falling within the Core zone of the project. The total household of these

villages is 2534 with the population of 10140. These villages need to be

rehabilitated socially, culturally and economically. This will change their quality

of life.

The project is likely to give a boost to the economy of the area and providing

primary and secondary employment to local people.

The project is likely to give a boost to the economy of the area and providing

primary and secondary sectors employment to local people.

Project will lead to development of ancillary industries and an overall economic

growth of nearby towns to supplement the population of the area.

Project proponent will ensure to connect even last people with the

infrastructural facility like educational, health, road etc in the locality.

Social-economic aspects of local inhabitants will be dealt with CSR activities in

the region as per the schedule VII activities of Company Act, 2013.

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NEGATIVE IMPACTS:

There are six villages (Ratansara, Gopalpur, Jhupurunga, Siarmal, Kulda and

Tumulia) that fall within the Core zone of the project in which 2872 Project

affected Families (PAFs) are to be rehabilitated and resettled (R&R). It will

also affect the social structures of the villages.

There will be transformation of many aspects of human life like social

structures, livelihood pattern, health institution, education etc which is subject

to realization and behavioral change of the PAFs.

The entire area of the block is covered by fertile agriculture land, which cannot

be retrieved by paying compensation or assuring jobs etc.

Due to the mining activities and associated transportation, air pollution may

increase.

4.5.1 SOCIO-ECONOMIC MITIGATION MEASURES:

A) Resettlement/Rehabilitation

This is a new mine. The R&R are being carried out under the direction of

“Claims Commission” set up by Hon’ble Supreme Court for the purpose. Total R&R

cost is 678.04 Cr. There are about 2953 Project Affected Families (PAFs). Total land

required for Rehabilitation site is 140 Ha.

Table 4.7: R&R Implementation Status

SI Name of village

No. of PAFs

Project affected persons

Eligible for

Dislace ment

Benefit

Cash Compensation in lieu of plot

& others

PAFs opted

for plot at R&R site

Balance/

Not Opted

No. of persons eligible

for employ

ment

Provided employment

/Person opted for

cash compensation in lieu of employment

Balance

1. Gopal-

pur 992 2943 981 297 0 695 992 846 146

2. Jhupu- ranga

833 2447 521 0 0 521 647 0 647

3. Tumulia 702 2745 539 0 0 539 702 0 702

4. Ratan- sara

238 715 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

5. Siarmal 188 842 188 6 182 0 188 150 38

Total 2953 9692 2229 303 182 1755 2529 996 1533

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A dedicated budget has been allocated by the project proponent for R&R. Site

selection of the resettled village is decided by the PAFs and accordingly considered.

Employment and cash compensation are also decided by the PAFs under the

company provision and state legislation.

B) Secondary Employment opportunities

There will be spontaneous economic stimulus in the area with the

commencement of expansion of opencast mine. Traders and private enterprises will

grow in the area with this economic growth. Besides, the State exchequer will derive

financial revenues through levy of royalty, sales tax etc. and Central Government will

also be benefited by way of Central Sales Tax, Income Tax, Cess‘s etc.

C) Educational Facilities

There are 87 primary schools, 45 middle schools, 18 secondary schools, 5

Senior Secondary School, 1 ITI and 3 colleges etc educational institutions in the

study area. Project proponent will look after the skill development needs of the

people through CSR activities.

D) Medical Facilities

There are 1 CHC, 15 primary health sub centre and 1 maternity & child welfare

centre, 5 dispensary etc are located in the area. There is one dispensary and one

hospital of project proponent are also operating in the area.

Every worker is to be periodically checked up once in every five years

keeping proper record of their health profile including X-ray and laboratory tests by

establishing and extending pathological facilities. The importance of such periodical

medical examination is to detect and prevent occupational diseases like

Pneumoconiosis and Tuberculosis. The mining activities expose workers to some

injuries and health hazards. Incidence of occupational disease and injuries and

health hazards has not been recorded in those health centers / hospitals.

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E) Preventive measures: -

The project proponent authorities should adopt following measures to prevent

occupational diseases and health hazards.

Pre-employment, pre-placement and periodic medical examination of

employees.

Regular monitoring of working environment and implementation of safety and

control measures, to prevent hazards.

To reduce the air pollution, water sprinkling should be done near loading and

unloading area, haul roads etc.

Use of protective equipment, clothing, helmets, Gas mask, shoes, etc.

Steps should be taken to promote household sanitation in each village.

Alternative sources of drinking water like bore well or hand pump should be

made for those villages where people fetch drinking water from long distance.

Status Of CSR In Basundhara Area

Sector wise CSR Expenditure in respect of Basundhara Area, project proponent for

the financial Year 2014-15 to 2017-18.

Table 4.8 : Sector wise CSR expenditure details for last four years

Head 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18

Drinking Water 18.99 62.22 6.32 9.69

Roads 3697.13 816.12 580.01 0


Education 18.55 36.37 17.96 24.83

Environment 4.51 1.97 3.6 20.14

Health care 4.56 2.01 0.95 0.89

Rural sports 7.75 17.41 13.20 1.81

Others 0.00 1.02 0.00 5.00

Total 3866.82 984.11 1330.63 481.10

In FY 2017-18, there is Rs.68.85 lakhs which has been successfully spent under the

CSR to take care the community residing in the Basundhara area.

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Areas to be covered under the CSR activities in Siarmal OCP project.

1. Supply of water for drinking and domestic use in the nearby villages.

2. Education facility is to be enhanced in the area to improve the education level

of the villagers. It is also needed that a facilitator in the school may also

improve the quality of teaching and will be interactive and participatory.

3. Medical facilities in the area is to be enhanced so that symptoms of illness

may be reduced.

4. It is required to work on the cleanliness and toilet construction in the area as

open defecation is prevalent in the area.

5. It is also need of the time to connect the villagers to different skill

development and livelihood programmes so that economical condition can be

improved and quality of life.

6. There is need to develop places for community use like community centres,

playground etc.

7. It is also needed that to do forward linkage of the finished goods of the nearby

areas.

4.6 IMPACT ON BIO-DIVERSITY

Environmental impact assessment (EIA) is the formal process used to predict

the environmental consequences (positive or negative) of a plan, policy, program or

project prior to the decision to move forward with the proposed action.

Possible Impacts

The major adverse impacts due to pre-mining and mining phases are loss of

habitat, biodiversity, flora & fauna, fisheries & other aquatic life, migration of wildlife

and overall disruption of the ecology of the area. Due to mining activity, the land use

will undergo progressive changes involving quarrying, transportation etc. The physical

and / or biological reclaimed land would undergo transformation over time which would

have positive impact on environment.

As per Simpson’s biodiversity index, the Core zone values ranged between 0.68- 0.73,

which is lower than buffer zone forest 0.58 - 0.75. This suggests that there are more

species in the buffer zone of the study area. The values calculated through this index

reflects the good biodiversity in the study area as a whole. Therefore, due to mining

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activities, there would be direct as well as indirect impact on ecology and biodiversity.

The Project Proponent therefore needs to provide adequate measures for minimizing

the impact on biodiversity and also carry out extensive plantation and afforestation in

an open areas for creating and augmenting natural resources.

It is found that both core and buffer zones are found to be free from endangered /

endemic species of Flora and Fauna, migratory species of Fauna, migratory corridors,

breeding and spawning grounds are not present within the survey area of the project.

However, the buffer zone has several patches of natural forest which needs to be

conserved and extensive afforestation plan is recommended for augmenting natural

resources.

In the area mining activities are going on. The population of fauna, especially

mammals is found to be low. So there will be no adverse impact on the fauna existing

in the project impact zone.

4.6.1 IMPACT ON FLORA

The core zone vegetation is partially natural, remaining are agricultural lands

predominantly paddy cultivated. The wild vegetation is denuded by the neighbouring

villagers. Only few sporadic trees (Mahua, tendu, kadam, neem, mango) present.

Invaded shrubs like Chromolaena, wild sponge guard, are frequently present. The

buffer zone vegetation contains some patches of Sal forest, agriculture lands and a

small hill range forest. The natural ecosystem will be disturbed in the core zone area

because of the mining project. When the project is started, the people living in the

core zone area will start using the bio resources of the buffer zone area, which leads

some impact on the natural ecosystem of the buffer zone

4.6.2 IMPACT ON FAUNA

The Project area comes under IB valley Coalfield, where mining activities are

prevalent since last many years. There were no major faunal habitats in the proposed

mining area. During survey, it was observed that endangered, endemic and migratory

species were not present in the study area. Also, migratory corridors, flight paths and

spawning grounds were not present in the study area. However, Post mining phase it

is suggested to reclaim the mine spoil area through adequate technical & biological

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reclamation methods, so that the vegetation will support habitat development for

various types of faunal species.

4.6.3 CONTROL MEASURES

4.6.3.1 CONTROL MEASURES TO REDUCE THE IMPACT ON FLORA

The enhancement of forest area occurs due to measures like biological

reclamation of backfilled area, arboriculture / afforestation,

compensatory afforestation creation of greenbelt and avenue plantation.

Water body created by the final voids is beneficial to flora as the area is

prone to water scarcity.

This project will have no detrimental impact on diversity of floral species

within terrestrial and aquatic habitats.

4.6.3.2 CONTROL MEASURES TO REDUCE IMPACT ON FAUNA

The balance in the regional population will be maintained in natural

course, owing to existing undisturbed forest areas in the vicinity of the

project. The increase in green cover due to implementation of various

measures like biological reclamation of backfilled area, arboriculture /

afforestation adopted by the mine establishment will be an added

bonus, though expected in distant future.

The mine will be a “zero-discharge” one. If required, water is

discharged only after suitable treatment. No adverse impact on

downstream aquatic life of surface water courses is expected.

The project is not likely to have impact on the faunal species diversity

within the terrestrial and aquatic habitats.

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4.6.4 SPECIES COMPOSITION FOR GREEN BELT DEVELOPMENT

Creation of a greenbelt with local species will enhance the project

area. The greenbelt should be developed around the quarry,

infrastructure sites, service building area and township besides

avenue plantation on both sides of the roads.

The purpose of a green belt around the mining site is to capture the

fugitive emissions, attenuate the noise generated and improve

aesthetics. Green vegetation cover is beneficial in many ways in

terms of conservation of biodiversity, retention of soil moisture,

recharge of ground water and maintaining pleasant micro climate of

the region. In addition, vegetation cover can also absorb pollutants

from the environment and helps in effective pollution control.

The mix of species suggested for green belt development are

presented below in table 4.9. This may be taken up after due

consultation with concerned forest division.

Table 4.9: List of Plants recommended for green belt development/ land

reclamation

Common Name Family Name Botanical Name

Babool Leguminosae Acacia nilotica (L.) Willd ex Delile

Australian black wattle

Leguminosae Acacia auriculiformis A.Cunn ex Benth.

Bitter Albizia Leguminosae Albizia amara (Roxb.) B.Boivin

Sirish Leguminosae Albizia lebbeck (L.) Benth

Black sirish Leguminosae Albizia odoratissima (L.f.) Benth.

White sirish Leguminosae Albizia procera (Roxb.) Benth.

Saptaparni Apocynaceae Alstonia scholaris (L.) R.Br.

Kadam Rubiaceae Anthocephalus chinensis (Lamk)A. Rich ex Walp

Jack tree Moraceae Artocarpus heterophyllusLam.

Neem Meliaceae Azadirachta indica (L.) A.Juss.

Bamboo Bombacaceae Bambusa arundinaceae L.

Polash Leguminosae Butea monosperma (Lam.) Taub.

Papita Caricaceae Carica papaya L.

Yellow oleander Apocynaceae Cascabela thevetia (L.) Lippold

Avenue cassia Leguminosae Cassia siamia Lamk.

Coconut Arecaceae Cocos nucifera L.

Seasam Leguminosae Dalbergia sissoo Roxb. ex DC

Gulmohur Leguminosae Delonix regia (Boj. ex Hook) Raffin

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Common Name Family Name Botanical Name

Putrajevi Euphorbiaceae Drypetus roxburghii (Wall.) Hurus

Silk cotton Bombacaceae Ceiba pentandra (L.) Gaertn

Coral tree Leguminosae Erythrina indica Lam.

Eucalyptus, blue gum

Myrtaceae Eucalyptus teriticornis Sm.

Udumbara, Fig Moraceae Ficus racemosa L. Bassora tragacanth, ghost tree

Malvaceae Firmiana simplex (L.) W.Wight

Quick stick Leguminosae Gliricidia sepium (Jack.) Kunth ex Walp.

Silver oak Proteaceae Grevillea robusta A.Cunn ex R.Br.

Bitter orange Rutaceae Citrus aurantium L.

Banaba Lythraceae Lagerstroemia speciosa (L.) Pers

Subabol Leguminosae Lucina leucophloea (Lamk) de wit

Shajan Moringaceae Moringa oleifera Lam.

Copper pod Leguminosae Peltophorum pterocarpum (DC) Baker ex Heyne

Jungle Jilepe Leguminosae Pithecellobium dulce L.

Karanj Leguminosae Pongamia pinnata (L.) Pierre

Ashoka Annonaceae Polyalthia longifolia(Sonn.)Thw.

Guava Myrtaceae Psidium guajava L.

Kusum Sapindaceae Schleichera oleosa (Lour.) Oken.

Sal Dipterocarpaceae Shorea robusta Gaertn f

Java olive tree Sterculiaceae Sterculia foetida L.

Vijaysar Leguminosae Pterocarpus marsupium Roxb.

Teak Verbenaceae Tectona grandis L.

Portia tree Malvaceae Thespesia populnea (Linn) Soland ex corr

Kutajau Apocynaceae Wrightia tinctoria R.Br.

Kutajau Apocynaceae Wrightia arborea (Dennst.) Mabb.

4.7 IMPACT ON LAND USE AND LANDSCAPE

4.7.1 IMPACT ON LAND USE PATTERN

The major direct impacts on existing land use during the pre-mining phase

are the removal of vegetation and resettlement of displaced population. There may

also be land use changes with respect to agriculture, fisheries, recreation sites,

housing, forestry areas, etc. Land reclamation / restoration of mined out lands may

give rise to enhanced beneficial land use.

There exists major environment impacts due to landscape disruption

particularly visuals (unsightly huge dumps, voids, mine structures, subsidence, mine

fires, etc.). During mining and post-mining phases drastic changes in landscape with

landforms take place. The major associated impacts are soil-erosion, loss of top soil,

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change in complete geology, creation of huge dumps & voids, disposal of wastes,

deforestation, etc.

Irrespective of the type of mining used for extracting coal, mining invariably

results in enormous land disturbance – e.g. large scale excavation, removal of top

soil, dumping of solid wastes, cutting of roads, creation of derelict land, etc. Opencast

mining has more potential impact on land than underground mining. With improved

technology, opencast coal mining is being used extensively because of its cost

effectiveness and productivity; though it results in large-scale land disturbance. The

alteration in land use pattern due to infrastructure is not to be considered as true

change as these facilities can be utilized for some other purposes after the mining

operation is over. The alteration in land use pattern due to activities of quarrying and

external dumping of OB materials may be considered as true change in land use

pattern.

4.7.2 POST CLOSURE LAND USE

Table 4.10: Post-closure land use

Sl. No.

Land Use Category

Land use in ha.

Partially filled Left out void/ water body

(av depth:155m)

Afforested /grass

carpetting

Land to be converted for

agriculture (conceptual)

Undisturbed Built up area

Total

1. Quarry

excavation area 549.69 409.99 586.64 -- 1546.32

2. Safety zone -- 18.59 -- -- 18.59

3. OB dump (external)

-- 386.08 -- -- 386.08

4. embankment - 18.0 -- 10.3 28.3

5. infrastructure -- 8.00 -- 34.82 42.82

6. Blasting danger

zone & other future exp area

-- 74.41 -- 193.93 268.34

Total 549.69 915.07 586.64 239.05 2290.45

Forest enhancement Ratio of quarry excavated = 409.99/ 249.58 = 1.64

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4.7.3 CONTROL MEASURES TO RESTORE LAND USE & LANDSCAPE

There will be requirement of external dumping for initial eighteen years

of production when enough void is not available for internal dumping.

From 7th year of production backfilling will be started and there will be

simultaneous backfilling and external dumping upto 18th year of

production.

From 19th year of production there will be no external dumping & entire

overburden can be internally backfilled.

During the process, the geometrical shape of the dumps is altered to

make it amenable to effective biological reclamation and also to provide

safety and stability.

The face slopes of the dump will be maintained at the natural angle of

repose of the material and at overall slope angle of 26o to 28o. Suitable

arrangement will be made for collection of storm water.

Appropriate garland drain is to be provided to collect run-off.

Backfilled area is to be reclaimed biologically and technically.

At initial stage scrapped top soil will be stored separately and reused as

early as possible to layover the backfilled area for biological

reclamation.

External OB dump will be re-handled during post closure.

Arboriculture is to be carried out in the vacant areas.

Proper afforestation/plantation are to be carried out for greenbelt

development.

4.8 IMPACT ON TRAFFIC MOVEMENT & CONTROL MEASURES

1. Coal from benches will be transported to reclaim feeders located at pit

top by rear dumpers. Once the mine is advanced to dip side these

reclaim feeders will be shifted to inpit to reduce dumper movement.

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2. Coal from reclaim feeders will be transported to washery via belt

conveyor.

3. Coal receipt from washery and transport upto Silo for final dispatch by

belt conveyor.

The following impacts are anticipated:

Ambient air on the both sides of the road will be affected due to PM10,

PM2.5, SO2 and NOX.

Noise nuisance due to movement of HEMMs.

Creation of ruts and potholes on the surface of the road.

Road accidents.

The following control measures will be adopted:

Plantation on both sides of the roads on the surface.

Proper maintenance of road to remove ruts and potholes.

Proper illumination of roads including haul road.

4.8.1 VISUAL/AESTHETIC IMPACTS & CONTROL MEASURES

The following visual impacts are anticipated:

Due to excavation of coal and OB as well as transportation, the area

may have spots of eyesore, unless proper mitigatory measures are

adopted.

Water logging may occur due to changes in the drainage pattern of the

area.

Loss in aesthetic value of the surrounding environment.

The following control measures will be adopted:

Physical and biological reclamation of mined out land to the extent

possible to ameliorate the environment.

Regular supervision to detect the spots of eyesore and to remove the

same immediately.

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4.9 IMPACTS ON PUBLIC HEALTH

Various respirable and water-borne diseases are cause of concern for public

health and safety in mining areas due to high intensity dust nuisance and pollution of

water bodies and contaminated water supply. Health care centers (medical centers)

are usually distantly located and provision of medical facilities by project developers

results in beneficial impact. There is a general cause of concern for safety due to

blasting/ explosions, noise & vibrations, etc.

4.9.1 CONTROL MEASURES ON PUBLIC HEALTH

By providing good quality sanitation, medical facilities and other

infrastructural facilities, there is likelihood of reduction in disease. However, regular

medical check up of employees particular those put on risky and occupational

hazards will be done periodically in different projects of MCL and same will be

continued for this project also.

4.10 ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENTS (EIA)

Environmental impact assessment (EIA) is the formal process used to predict

the environmental consequences (positive or negative) of a plan, policy, program or

project prior to the decision to move forward with the proposed action.

During survey it is observed that, areas which are important or sensitive for

ecological reasons – wetlands, coastal zone, biospheres, mountains are not present

within the 10 km buffer zone of the project. Also, Areas used by protected, important or

sensitive species of flora or fauna for breeding, nesting, foraging, resting, over

wintering, migration are not present within the study area.

Possible Impacts:

The land use will undergo progressive changes involving quarrying,

transportation, etc. At the end of mine life the proposed land use area will be same as

pre-mining land use. Post mining land use will consists of reclamation area, water

body, dip side slope, plantation area, built-up area, undisturbed area, etc.

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Traffic will increase for the transportation of men and material. Dust particles

will be generated due to these and project activities. But, these will be within the

limits. There will be marginal or no impact on terrestrial species (plants & animals),

nearby Crops, aquatic species, Habitats, aesthetic of the area and natural resources.

Impacts on flora

The impact on the terrestrial ecosystem due to operation of the proposed

mining would mainly occur from deposition of air pollutants. There will be loss of

vegetation by excavation and dumping thereby affecting the species for which such

vegetation was the host. The effects of air emissions on nearby vegetation and crop

lands are not likely to be injurious and noticeable as the pollutants concentrations are

expected to be well within the prescribed standards.

Impacts on fauna

As the fauna is closely related to and dependant on the flora, there will be

movement of species away from mine lease area due to noise, vibrations and lights.

This project is an ongoing project.

As these are ongoing projects adjacent to the proposed project, the fauna of

the area will not be disturbed.

ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN (EMP)

Environmental Management Plan is the key to ensure that the environmental

quality of the area does not deteriorate due to the operation of the project. An EMP is

a site-specific plan developed to ensure that all necessary measures are identified

and implemented in order to protect the environment and comply

with environmental legislation.

Dust Pollution Control

Continuous water sprinkling should be carried out on the roads to prevent

dusting due to vehicle movements. Coal should be transported from mine preferably

through closed conveyer belt to avoid air pollution.

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Noise Pollution Control

Noise pollution created due to the project activities can be mitigated through

development of green belts with dense woody growth and wider crown trees.

Creation of green barriers through afforestation in degraded and vacant areas in

core and buffer zone have a long term benefits in reducing ambient air quality, for

clean air, sound, dust barrier, carbon sink, soil conservation, ecological restoration of

the natural systems and landscape development.

Reclamation of Degraded Mining Areas

The degraded land and OB dumps should be biologically reclaimed which will

improve the green cover in the area. Adequate numbers of vegetation should be

grown on the top surface and slopes of the dumps in order to arrest the erosion of

soil and it also reduces surface runoff, which helps averting siltation of natural

watercourses. In order to arrest siltation from OB dump, catch drains and garland

drains of adequate size should be constructed around the periphery of external OB

Dumps. Also, garland drains of adequate size should be provided around the quarry

edges. These drains should be regularly desilted before onset of every monsoon.

Greenbelt Development:

Degraded vegetation and fallow lands should be converted into vegetable

farms. Creation of three tier plantation with tall growing tress all along the periphery of

the coal handling area, inside & outside of the premises along with roads can prevent

spreading of dust pollution.

Planting of diversified fruit yielding and flowering trees of evergreen and

deciduous variety could provide continuous supply of food resource as well as

perching sites, nesting materials and shelter to arboreal fauna. The plant species

which are useful for green barrier development to prevent dust and noise pollution,

planting in the degraded mine leased areas are as follows.

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Chapter – 5

ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVE TECHNOLOGY

5.1 INTRODUCTION

Coal industry in India has expanded enormously over the years in terms of

volume of production and is poised to grow rapidly in future also to meet the over

increasing energy demand.

In order to meet growing energy demand, opening of new coal mines and

expansion of existing mines are being planned.

The mining operation like drilling, blasting, extraction, transportation, crushing

and other associated activities are carried out in opencast mining. Mining operations

may affect the environment & ecology, unless carefully planned and controlled.

There is a need for balance between mining and environmental requirement.

5.2 MINING TECHNOLOGY FOR ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT

This project is a new mine. Total 2580.45 ha land is required for the project

out of which 349.709 Ha is forest land. Total Mine Lease Area is 2290.45 Ha.

The life of Siarmal Open Cast (50.0 Mty), is 38 Years. Total Extractable

Reserve is 1547.82 Mt.

MP/MCP has been prepared for mining the total area available under two

coal blocks named “Siarmal & Siarmal Extension block” and “Banapatra (also known

as Western Extension of Siarmal) block” in the Gopalpur Sector of Ib-valley coalfield.

All drawings, estimates and calculations are based on final Geological reports for

Siarmal & Siarmal Extension block and geological report on Banapatra block.

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5.2.1 MINING METHOD

The proposed mining block represents presence of moderately flat multiple

coal seams with intermediate varying parting. Thick seams occur at shallow depth in

wide area having power grade coal reserve. So this will make the project most viable

by adopting opencast mining method.

5.2.2 CHOICE OF TECHNOLOGY

Different technologies like shovel-dumper mining, dragline mining, bucket

wheel excavator mining and surface miner-payloader-truck mining are available for

opencast mining. Sometimes combination of several methods of mining are adopted

to suit particular type of mining situations.

For coal deposit in block under consideration, bucket wheel excavator mining

is inapplicable due to multi-seam deposit, abrasive sandstone and hard carb-shale

strata and many faults with varying throw and directions. The dragline system of

mining has not been proposed as it makes the whole system very rigid in quantities

and layout. Also, this is not applicable in multi-seam condition with varying seam and

parting thickness and in presence of number of faults.

Shovel-dumper system is very flexible and also offers convenient mining

operations to deal with sudden occurrences of unworkable or poor quality patches

and change of floor position due to repeated faulting and varying seam gradient and

thickness. It also offers flexibility for easy transition to any other technology or

equipment configuration. The technology is well known and advantageous to get

skilled manpower. So shovel-dumper mining method is adopted for overburden

removal and partial coal extraction.

Surface-miner excavation is still limited to winning coal only. This method of

mining by departmentally or deploying outsourcing agencies has become very

popular in Talcher & Ib valley coalfield. There are many advantages in this

technology, of avoiding drilling, blasting, crushing of coal and related environmental

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hazards, improvement in grade of ROM coal by removing thin bands, clean surface

for transport etc. Ideally, surface miners require working space of about 400 m length

and about 50 m width for its optimum use. The high-wall angle required is

comparatively flatter to shovel-dumper system. This bench geometry makes overall

working angle flatter which will generate more overburden compared to shovel-

dumper system if the seams are thin with thick intermediate parting. But as seams

Lajkura-IV, IIT1, IIB, I and Rampur-IV, III, I are thick seams with number of bands,

surface miner will be introduced in these seams. Other thin seams and lower seams

with thick intermediate partings will be worked by either surface miner or shovel-

dumper system depending on geological and geotechnical conditions.

As the seam gradient is relatively flat (around 30 to 40), coal and the parting

will be worked by parallel slicing method (working along seam floor) whereas top

overburden and thick parting between Rampur and Lajkura seam will be removed by

level slicing method.

5.2.3 MINING SYSTEM & SYSTEM PARAMETERS

Benches will be aligned along general strike. Bench floor should follow own

seam floor/roof or that of adjacent seam. Main bench parameters for above

mentioned equipments are:

Maximum bench height : 10-12 m for 9-11/ 20-22 cum hydraulic face-

shovel and backhoe

Bench width : 24-36 m for overburden/coal benches with

9-11 cum hydraulic shovels/backhoes.

: 26-44m for overburden benches with 20-

22cum hydraulic shovels.

Coal bench width will be kept at a minimum width of 50m for surface miner

operations.

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Working angle : 700 with horizontal for individual working

bench

Again, bench dimensions may vary with different equipments deployed.

5.3 BASIC MINE PARAMETERS Following table shows broad mining parameters of the proposed mine:

Table 5.1 Mining Parameters


1 Quarry floor area ha 559.00 489.40 1048.40

2 Quarry surface area ha 877.77 668.55 1546.32

3 Mineable reserve Mt 884.76 663.06 1547.82

4 Overburden Mcum 1147.56 1122.13 2269.69

5 Stripping ratio* cum/t 1.30 1.69 1.47

6 No. of workable seams/ sections No. 16 16 16

7 Annual capacity Mt 50

8 Life (including 2 years of construction period)

Years 24 18 38

9 Average seam gradient Degrees 3.7 4.4

10 Strike length(along floor)

Maximum m 2750 3200 5950

Minimum m 2200 1400 3600

11 Strike length(along surface)

Maximum m 3500 3500 7000

Minimum m 2600 1600 4200

12 Quarry depth

Maximum m 335 360

Minimum m 115 90

13 Quarry perimeter m 18385

14 Dip-rise length

Along floor m 2300 2200

Along surface m 2900 2800

* Working stripping ratio will be around 1.63 cum/t considering 246.04 Mcum OB rehandling of temporary external dumping in quarry-2 area.

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5.4 MINING STRATEGY

5.4.1 CONSTRAINTS ON MINE DEVELOPMENT

The proposed mining block is surrounded by Basundhara river and

Chaturdhara nala towards its northern periphery and Chattajhor nala towards east.

Strata is also dipping from north and north east towards south, so mining has to be

started from area adjacent to the water body towards north-east corner of the block.

Coal evacuation system and infrastructure have to be located near this area. So

major precautions are necessary to prevent inundation from initial stage of quarry

operations. Embankments all along Basundhara river/Chaturdhara nala towards

north and Chattajhor nala towards east should be constructed during mining

operation. Embankments should be constructed considering high flood level of the

area.

This geological block is basically dipside extension of Basundhara West mine

towards north of this block separated by Basundhara river. So lot of coal will be

blocked under embankment, slope and surface barrier towards north due to presence

of river.

As the lower seams occur at a comparatively higher depth towards north of

the block it requires a long access trench to reach mine floor for both the quarries,

this necessitates delay in void generation in the mine and increases requirement of

external dumping.

Coal deposit is likely to continue towards dipside beyond southern block

boundary so the quarry and its dipside slope cannot be backfilled totally after

completion of its operation, it results in unused void in dipside of quarry-1 and

shortage in internal dumping capacity even in the later stage of mining.

5.4.2 SEQUENCE OF MINING

Total available area within quarry limits as described in earlier section will be

mined. The total strike of the block is around 6.5-7km, so the mine is proposed to be

worked in two quarry sections to improve operational efficiency, to reduce working

lead and equipment population.

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Quarry-1 or the eastern quarry will be started initially and total coal

production will come from this quarry upto year 20, from year 21 coal production will

start from Quarry-2 or the western quarry. Two quarries will be operated

simultaneously from year 21 to year 24, quarry-1 will be exhausted in year 24 and

afterwards the total coal production will come from Quarry-2.

Opening of the deposit has been suggested from north eastern side of the

block due to following reasons:

Depth of lowermost seam is the minimum near north-east part of the

combined block, length of access trench and time for mine development

is comparatively less in this area.

Occurrence of thick incrop of upper seams with shallow cover, initial

stripping ratio will be minimum in this area.

North eastern part of the block is relatively free from fault, the remaining

northern periphery of the block is traversed by number of faults and is

represented by a complicated structure. Strike between each of these

faults is small and variation in dip, strike and gradient is observed. So

initial access trench in this area makes it difficult to maintain such a high

production.

In the western and north western part coal is deep seated due to

repeated faulting.

Coal evacuation arrangement as per masterplan is towards north east

part of the block on the northern side of Basundhara river, so it is

preferred to open the mine from north east side of the block.

ACCESS TRENCH

Initial mine opening will be near the incrop of Lajkura-III & IV seam. So an

access trench will be started towards north of CMHG-179 and this will be driven

towards south to touch the floor of the above mentioned seams, mine strike will

initially be limited upto a width of 900-1000m towards west. Later this access trench

will be turned towards north to touch the floor of lower seams, the mining operations

will then be done towards up dip direction towards north. As the access trench is

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deepened towards north, the mine will also be deepened keeping the same working

width. Initially as the mining operation is advanced towards north more and more

lower seams will be exposed and excavated.

MINE DEVELOPMENT

In production year 3-4 the access trench will reach the floor of Lajkura-I seam

and mining operation will be limited upto incrop of this seam in north eastern corner

of the block, working width is kept within 1000m until the mine reaches floor of lower

most workable seam in this area.

In production year 5 and year 6 mine will be extended towards west to

increase its strike length and access trench will be further deepened. In year5 the

access trench will reach the floor of Rampur-I seam which is the lowest workable

seam in this area.

In production year9 mine will reach its target production of 50 Mty, after

reaching northern most boundary, mine will now be extended towards both west and

south. Full strike length of quarry-I will be exposed now and mine will be advanced

towards dip direction. Coal receiving hoppers and sizers will be located on both

surface at north-east corner of the block and intermediate bench. Coal will be

transported from inpit coal receiving hoppers via belt conveyor to the surface.

When quarry-I is advanced towards north west it will encounter highly

disturbed zone, floor of the seams are repeatedly faulted with much variation in strike

due to uneven swing, in this area horizontal slicing method of mining may be

adopted, backhoes and dozers will be used to excavate coals in the lower horizon

where seam gradient is steep and working patch is narrower. From production year9

to year13 quarry-I will be worked in both western and southern area to maintain the

level of production, main haul road will be laid on the floor of quarry and will be

connected to the main access trench along eastern slope of the proposed mine

adjoining Chattajhor nala.

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In production year-20 another access trench will be started near CMBB-121

to open quarry-2, this is located just south of confluence point of Basundhara river

and Chaturdhara nala. This access trench will touch the floor of Rampur-I seam,

depth of floor of the seam at the bottom of the access trench is around 100m, length

of access trench will be around 1.6 km. as the quarry is advanced towards south it

will encounter thick incrop of Lajkura seam. From 21st year onwards coal will be

produced from this quarry, initial build up from this quarry is kept less as mining has

to be continued in the area where the seams are downthrown due to repeated

faulting and due to low void generation.

From production year13 to year24, quarry-1 will be advanced towards further

dipside in the south. During production year14-15 main access trench in this quarry

will be realigned along eastern boundary, initially the access trench is driven towards

south upto a level of 220m and then it will be realigned towards north to touch the

seam floor in extreme north –east corner of the block, later when the mining will be

advanced sufficiently towards south in production year14, access trench will be

aligned directly towards south from level 220m to 150m in eastern batter itself and

then it will be turned towards north upto quarry floor level of 60m . main haul road on

the floor of the quarry will be connected to this access trench, portion of haul road on

quarry floor beyond 60m level towards will be backfilled. Before doing this the coal

blocked in Rampur seam in north-eastern corner where coal receiving hoppers are

located should be decoaled. Coal receiving arrangement from this area will be

relocated to the backfilled area of quarry-1 towards further west. While advancing

quarry-2 towards dipside there will be some rehandling in common batter between

quarry-1 & 2.

Quarry-I will be exhausted in year-24 and then onwards total coal production

will be done from quarry-2. Access trench and haul road in quarry-2 will be

maintained in the north-western batter of this quarry. The main haul road will touch

the quarry floor at a level of 40m of Rampur-I seam (around 250 m depth), length of

this haul road and access trench in the quarry batter will be around 4.75km.

Afterwards this haul road will be aligned along quarry floor. Major part of coal will be

transported from inpit coal receiving hopper via belt conveyor to the surface.

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Based on the prevailing geomining conditions, the opencast mining

technology is feasible and cost-effective. The same has been adopted for the Siarmal

Project.

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Chapter – 6

ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM AND MONITORING ORGANIZATION

6.1 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM 6.1.1 INTRODUCTION

Environmental management system is a system for maintaining and

reviewing the sustainable development of the mining project. It is the part of the

overall management system which includes an organization structure, planning

activities, responsibilities, practices, procedures, process and resources for

developing, implementing, achieving, reviewing and maintaining the environmental

policy.

6.1.2 AIMS OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

Identification and control, impacts and risks.

Establishing an environmental policy, objectives and targets including

compliance with legislation.

Indentifying environmental opportunities.

Monitoring and continual improvement of environmental performance.

6.1.3 PROCEDURES FOR IMPLEMENTATION

For the implementation of the Environmental Management System

within an organization, the first step is to define the environmental

policy.

The top management of the organization defines and documents its

environmental policy.

The second step is to conduct initial environmental reviews like

legislative and regulatory requirement, an identification of significant

environmental aspects, an examination of all existing environmental

management practices and procedures and an evaluation of feedback

from the investigation of the previous incidents to assess the company’s

environmental conditions.

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6.1.4 CORPORATE ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY

The Environmental Policy Statement and objectives of Corporate

Environmental Policy, 2012 of Coal India Limited is given below:

Coal India Limited (CIL) is committed to protect the environment through

prevention, mitigation of pollution, proper disposal and recycling of wastes,

conservation of bio-diversity and bringing awareness among all its stakeholders for

continual improvement in environmental performances following the best practices.

Objectives:

Coal India Limited shall endeavor to:

i. Conduct mining and associated operations in an environmentally

responsible manner to comply with applicable laws and other

requirements related to environmental aspects and Design Projects with

due consideration of Sustainable Development.

ii. Prevent pollution of surrounding habitation by continuous monitoring

and adopting suitable measures for environment protection.

iii. Ensure compliance of Environment Clearance (EC) and Forestry

Clearance (FC) conditions and other statutory conditions issued by

regulatory agencies.

iv. Implement Environment Management Plans (EMP) in all mines

effectively to mitigate pollutions of air, water, noise and land caused by

mining operations.

v. Strive to conserve bio-diversity.

vi. Conserve natural resources through the principle of REDUCE, REUSE,

RECYCLE, REDEFINE and REPLACE. Put special thrust on efficient

energy utilization as a measures to reduce carbon foot-print.

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vii. Strive for continual improvement in our environmental performances by

setting targets, measuring progress and taking corrective actions.

viii. Create awareness about environment among the employees and the

local communities through pro-active communication and training.

In view of the present fast changing social, economic and environmental

scenario, this policy shall be reviewed every 5 years to incorporate the changes in

the legal, technical, environmental, economic and social inputs prevailing at that time.

Whenever, there is change in National Environmental Policy or other National / State

relevant policies, Acts, etc., this Corporate Environmental Policy would be reviewed

and suitably revised.

6.2 MONITORING ORGANISATION 6.2.1 CORPORATE LEVEL

Mahanadi Coalfields Limited (MCL), the owner of this project, has an

Environment Department headed by a General Manager (Envt & Forest) at its HQs.

The department provides necessary support that is required for environmental

management of various mining projects under the jurisdiction of the company.

6.2.2 AREA LEVEL

MCL has been divided into a number of administrative units known as Area

each headed by a CGM/GM. The CGM/GM(s) of the Area(s) coordinate the

rehabilitation scheme, land reclamation, plantation, compensatory afforestation and

other environmental control measures including environmental quality monitoring in

consultation with the State Govt., Environmental Cell(s) of Area(s) and MCL (HQs),

Orissa Forest Development Corporation (OFDC), State Forest Dept., Staff Officer

(Environment) and SO (L&R) of the Area. The Staff Officer (Environment) gets the

necessary ministerial and other infrastructure facilities including a vehicle for

movement for effective implementation of various measures from the office of

CGM/GM of the Area.

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6.2.3 PROJECT LEVEL

The environmental management activities of the project will be carried out

under the overall supervision of the Project Officer. Following persons will be

provided for execution of the activities:

(a) Project Manager – Overall in charge of coal production, overburden

removal, land reclamation, safety, security and environmental control

measures of the mine and the persons working therein, R&R activities,

etc. He provides all the technical & administrative support for carrying

out the above activities.

(b) Project Safety Officer- Responsible for safety of the mine and

workers, control of air pollution, water pollution, noise pollution, ground

vibration, fire-fighting, etc.

(c) Project Civil Engineer – Responsible for construction and

maintenance of effluent treatment plants, black topping & metalling of

roads & haul roads, cleaning and overall housekeeping of the CHPs,

railway siding, construction and maintenance of check dams, garland

drains, fixed sprinkler at haul road, railway siding, etc.

(d) Project E&M Engineer – Responsible for dust suppression

arrangement in CHP & in surrounding area, firefighting arrangement in

CHP, coal stock etc.

(e) Project Excavation Engineer – Responsible for providing the water

tankers, dozers, graders etc. for air pollution control activities and land

reclamation activities.

(f) Project Survey Officer – R&R related activities and measurement of

land for reclamation, providing plan for next year’s plantation activities,

monitoring assistance, etc.

(g) Project Environment Engineer – He advises the Project Manager /

Project Officer on environmental management activities. Responsible

for submission of various reports & returns under the statutes. Timely

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application for consent & permissions under environmental statutes. He

also arranges for biological reclamation and other plantation activities

through OFDC.

The organizational structures for mine as well as environmental management

and environmental monitoring are given in Fig.-6.1 & Fig.-6.2 respectively.

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ORGANISATIONAL STRUCTURE OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT

Director (Technical / Project & Planning)

Fig.- 6.1

General Manager (Environment. & Forest)

Chief Manager/Sr.Manager/Asst. Manager

(Environment,Mining,Survey)

Sr. Survey Officer (Forest)

CGM/GM (Area)

Staff Officer (Mining) Staff Officer (E&M) Staff Officer (Survey) with addl. Charge of Forest Staff Officer (Medical) Staff Officer (Safety) Staff Officer (Personnel) Staff Officer (Security)

Staff Officer (Civil) Staff Officer (Excavation) Staff Officer (Environment) Staff Officer (Finance) Staff Officer (Material Management) Staff Officer (System) Staff Officer (Training)

Project Officer Siarmal OCP

Project Manager (Mining) Project Manger (Finance) Project Engineer (Environment) Sr.Manager (Safety) Asst. Security Officer Personnel Manager Medical Officer

Project Engineer (E&M) Project Engineer (Excavation) Project Survey Officer with addl. Charge of Forest

Project Engineer (Civil)

Cor

pora

te L

evel

A

rea

Leve

l P

roje

ct L

evel

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6.3 MONITORING AND CONTROL

This is a new mine. Routine Environment Monitoring will be carried out in

Siarmal OCP (50.0 Mty). For air, water and noise pollution control measures, the

samples will be collected and tested round the year with appropriate frequency at

strategic places. In case, it is found that any of the parameters exceeds the tolerance

limits then corrective measures will also be suggested by CMPDI to MCL for

implementation. The monitoring schedule and the parameters which are being

monitored are given below:

Organizational Structure for Environmental Monitoring

Fig.- 6.2

RD, CMPDI RI-VII

HoD (Lab.)

Sampling Staff

Analyses of samples at NABL Accreditated

Laboratory at CMPDI, RI-7

Bhubaneswar

Results of

Analysis

Monthly Monitoring Report to Project Officer,

(Siarmal OCP) GM, Basundhara Area &

GM (Envt.), MCL (HQs).

HoD(Env.) Monthly Monitoring

Report

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6.3.1 AIR QUALITY MONITORING

This includes the identification of major dust and gaseous sources and

estimation of their levels of emission. The monitoring network will be consisting of

the four monitoring stations in consultation with SPCB considering various

environmental impacts of air pollution.

6.3.2 WATER QUALITY MONITORING

The following frequency will be maintained for water and effluent quality

monitoring for each station:

Drinking water quality monitoring

Once in a month for 24 parameters as per IS: 10500-1991.

Effluent quality monitoring

Once in a fortnight for 4 parameters;

Once in a year for 23 parameters.

6.3.3 GROUND WATER LEVEL MONITORING

From nearby wells located at appropriate locations, ground water level will be

monitored 4 times in a year (i.e. April/May, August, November & January).

6.3.4 NOISE LEVEL MONITORING

Noise level will be monitored for once in day time and once in night time in

each fortnight from each station.

However the sampling frequency and parameters for air, water, ground water

and noise level monitoring may change as per the Environmental Clearance letter

Conditions.

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Chapter – 7

ADDITIONAL STUDIES The following additional studies have been considered for this project:

(i) Disaster Management

(ii) Social Impact and R&R Action Plan

(iii) Corporate Social Responsibility

(iv) Habitat Management / Wild Life Conservation Cost

(v) Public Consultation

(vi) Rain Water Harvesting

(vii) Slope Stability

(viii) Carrying Capacity Study

(ix) Corporate Environment Responsibility

7.1 DISASTER MANAGEMENT (RISK ASSESSMENT & MANAGEMENT)

7.1.1 INTRODUCTION

Keeping in view the three basic principles i.e. prevention, preparedness (both

pro-active and reactive) and mitigation of effect through rescue, recovery, relief and

rehabilitation; a comprehensive blue print for risk assessment and management has

been drawn-up for the project incorporating the following:

▪ Identification and assessment of risks.

▪ Recommendation of measures to prevent damage to life and property

against such risks.

The following disasters / accidents may occur during normal operations of the

mine.

➢ Slope failure. ➢ Dangers due to handling and use of explosives and accidents due to

fly-rocks and air-blasts following a faulty heavy blast. ➢ Hazards associated with use of electricity.

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➢ Accidents due to unruly operation of HEMM. ➢ Dust hazards.

➢ Fire hazards due to spontaneous heating of coal in stock piles and

exposed benches. ➢ Fire hazards in stores & workshops where inflammable & highly

inflammable materials are stored or used. ➢ Danger of inundation from surface and/or ground water.

7.1.2 SLOPE FAILURE IN MINE PIT

Slope failures are affected by the following factors:

Slope geometry

Geological Structure

Lithology

Ground Water

Mining method & equipment

Dynamic forces.

Shear strength of road and cohesion

Angle of friction

The exposed ends of the coal seams and OB will be left with a safe slope to

avoid slope failure and collapse of benches. Similarly, at the end of mining operation,

safe terminal slope will be provided to avoid pit failure.

7.1.3 HAZARD AND RISK ASSESSMENT OF OB DUMPS

Hazard of OB dump failure is mainly governed by following factors :

1. Height of benches.

2. Slope of benches.

3. Nature of material.

4. Slope of foundation rock.

5. Nature of foundation rock.

6. Drainage of foundation.

7. Depth of ground water table.

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7.1.4 PRECAUTION TO BE TAKEN TO REDUCE RISK OF OB DUMP FAILURE

1. OB benches will be made of <30m ht in each tier.

2. The angle of repose of each dump tier should be around 37o and overall

dump slope should be less than 26o.

3. Soil should be scraped separately, so that it is not mixed with OB rock.

4. The slope of ground will be kept mild so that it will not have any adverse

effect.

5. The soil from the foundation ground should be scrapped before starting

of OB dumping.

6. Garland drain to be made around OB dump area to avoid water flow

during monsoon below the OB dump.

7. Ground water table is generally 3-5m below ground level hence may

have no adverse impact.

8. Leveling, grading and drainage arrangement at the toe of OB dumps

and at each dump tier should be done with much care and should be

monitored regularly.

9. Technical & Biological reclamation will be done.

10. A scientific study regarding slope stability and monitoring team should

be formed to assess the dump stability throughout the life of the mine.

11. A proper fencing with suitable material should be provided around dump

toe to prevent failure or unauthorized access towards dump toe.

12. Precautions shall be taken to prevent spontaneous heating and fire in

the carb shale when dumped along with overburden rock.

13. The backfilled area shall be kept benched and the distance of active

mine workings (faces) from the toe of the bottom most backfilled face

(bench) shall not be less than 60m.

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7.1.5 BLASTING AND VIBRATION STUDY

For proper blasting and minimizing the adverse side effects due to blasting

viz. noise, ground vibration, back-breaks, air blast and fly rocks etc., the optimal blast

design parameters will be suggested during the mine operation after conducting a

study for determining the blasting parameters. The following precautions have been

suggested to avoid dangerous situations:

▪ The blasting operation shall be under the overall supervision of

competent person like Sr. Manager having First/Second Class Mine

Managers Certificate of competency.

▪ Making of holes, charging and stemming the holes may be made under

the supervision of a competent person.

▪ Care may be taken to see that there is no overcharging or

undercharging of the holes, the connections and arrangements of delay

detonators are in order.

▪ Before a shot is fired the shot firer is required to ensure that all persons

within a radius of 500m from the place of firing (referred to as blasting

danger zone) have taken proper shelter, apart from giving sufficient

warning by efficient signals over the entire danger zone.

▪ Blasting shall be carried out in conformity with the stipulation given by

DGMS, existing laws with closer control of blasting parameters

including blasting results like desired fragmentation, vibration, etc.

▪ Blasting will be done in day time only.

➢ Blast Induced Ground Vibration

When blasting is done in the opencast mines ground vibrations are

generated outward from the blast areas which cause damage to surrounding

surface structures. The vibrations radiating from blast holes while passing

through surface structures induce vibrations on the structures causing

resonance. The component of ground motion can effect the structures

through compression and tension and also through vertical and horizontal

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shearing effects. Blast induced ground vibration creates socio economic

problems for the mine management as well as the people residing in the

vicinity of these mines. As only 20-30% of energy of commercial explosives

used in mines is utilized for fragmenting the rock, the rest of the energy is

transmitted through the earth in the form of ground vibrations resulting in

damage to the surrounding structures.

Peak particle velocity (ppv) has so far been considered as the best

criteria for evaluating blast vibrations in terms of its potential to cause

damage.

Depending on the type of structures and dominant excitation frequency,

Peak Particle Velocity (PPV) on the ground adjacent to the structures shall

not exceed the given values under different frequencies as per DGMS. (Tech

circular 7/1997).

Table 7.1: Permissible Peak Particle Velocity (ppv) in mm/s

Type of Structures Dominant Excitation Frequency, Hz

A

Buildings/Structures not belonging to the owner <8 Hz 8-25 Hz >25 Hz

i) Domestic Houses/structures (Kucha, Brick & Cement)

5 10 15

ii) Industrial Buildings RCC & Framed Structures)

10 20 25

iii) Objects of Historical importance 2 5 10

B

Buildings belonging to the owner with limited span of life

i) Domestic Houses/structures (Kucha, Brick & Cement)

10 15 25

ii) Industrial Buildings RCC & Framed Structures)

15 25 50

Where any permanent building or structure of permanent nature not belonging to

mine owner lie within the danger zone, the aggregate maximum charge per delay and

per round shall not exceed the amount fixed by DGMS on the basis of a scientific

study.

7.1.6 EXPLOSIVE HANDLING

The present day technology of blasting with site mixed slurry (SMS)

explosive shall be used with milli second delay detonators that are initiated by shock

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tube initiation system. SMS is stored by the supplier as per GOI Notification. Further,

transport and charging are also done by the supplier on the spot. Only priming will be

done by the project authority. For storage of explosives meant for priming,

detonating fuse and detonators, one service magazine has been provided.

7.1.7 SAFETY RULES

Mining operations follow statutory mine safety rules administered by the

Directorate General of Mine Safety (DGMS), Chief Controller of Explosives and

others. Planning and design of electrical installations will take into account the

existing electricity rules to obviate the hazards due to use of electricity.

For creating safety awareness and imparting education on safe practices, the

following steps shall be taken:

▪ Holding annual safety weeks.

▪ Imparting basic and refresher training to new and old employees

respectively as per Vocational Training Rules.

7.1.8 MINE INUNDATION

Due care should be taken during mining to prevent water ingress operations

from the higher ground local rivers/reservoir. Provisions of coal Mine Regulations

shall be followed. There are three sources of water in the mine:

i) Surface run off from the surrounding area and nalla flowing over

the property:

Major threat of Inundation is from Basundhara river/nala & Chaturdhara

nala, which flows along the northern boundary of the block and

Chattajhor nala towards eastern boundary of the block. Embankment

with a height of three meter above the HFL has been proposed against

Basundhara river. The HFL should again be ascertained & precautions

taken before taking up the mining activities. Detailed design of the

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embankment should be done by experienced agency and the same

should be constructed during initial years.

ii) Direct Precipitation:

Rain Water

a) Garland drains along the periphery of excavated area of the mine shall

be provided to stop rainwater from surface entering into the mine.

Garland drains shall be kept clean without any obstruction and shall be

inspected regularly during the monsoon.

b) All Rainwater in the catchment area of the opencast mine shall be

channelized to gravitate into the main sump constructed in the dip most

part of the mine. Adequate pumping arrangement shall be kept to pump

out water from the sump to the surface.

iii) Seepage from Strata:

There is no danger of inundation due to make of water in the mine while

mining coal. The water will gravitate into the sump and will be pumped

out.

7.1.9 FIRE AND SPONTANEOUS HEATING

The most vulnerable points for fire in an opencast mine is in the Coal stock,

old coal benches with loose coal, HEMMs, OB dumps with carbonaceous shales etc.

The common accidents due to fire may take place while working or deploying shovels

in a fiery seam where there are chances of fall of sides forming thick cloud of hot dust

and injuring the personnel nearby. Accident due to fire may take place while dealing

with fire in coal stocks, old coal bench with fire etc. The following precautions may be

taken to deal with fire in OCPs.

i) In order to prevent accidents due to fire every mine should have a

proper firefighting organization under the control of Manager of the mine

or the Safety officer. Firefighting stations should be established near the

entrance of the mine with adequate firefighting equipment.

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ii) Adequate number of persons should be trained in firefighting who

should be familiar with all firefighting equipment.

iii) The coal stocks should be regularly liquidated or else it should be

properly dozed and made dome shaped to prevent entry of air and

prevent spontaneous heating.

iv) Pipe lines should be laid around the coal stock to deal with fire in case

of emergency.

v) In the quarry, the coal benches should be properly dressed and no

loose coals to be left which facilitate spontaneous heating.

vi) Before deploying any equipment in a fiery coal bench, it should be

isolated, dealt with fire and then allow machines to operate.

FIRE IN PROJECT STORES & WORKSHOPS

Sufficient provision will be made for the prevention & control of fire in the

project store, both E&M & HEMM workshops & sub-stations by way of installing fire

extinguishers of right type & size. Timely inspection & refilling of fire extinguishers will

be done.

Where ever Fire extinguishers will be provided like Operator cabin, stores,

Workshops, Magazines etc. sufficient number of persons like operators, helpers

should know the use of fire extinguishers.

Systematic layout of both stores & workshops will be made so that

inflammable & highly inflammable materials do not come in contact with any spark or

flame. Adequate number of cautions in the form of hoardings will be displayed near

such places. While calculating total water demand for the project, provision for fire

fighting has also been made.

7.1.10 HAUL ROAD MAINTENANCE

For proper haul road maintenance, following aspects will be considered and

implemented:

i) Proper design and maintenance of the haul roads

ii) Formulation, approval and enforcement of traffic rules regarding :

a) Speed limit b) Parking and standing c) Overtaking

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iii) One way traffic, otherwise width should not be less than 3 times the

width of the largest vehicle.

iv) Gradient should not be greater than 1 in 16.

v) Berm should not less than 1 m in width.

vi) Separate machines and personnel for maintenance of haul road.

During rainy season soil erosion will take place and it will deteriorate the haul

road corridor and therefore.

i) Proper drainage arrangement shall be made along the haul road.

ii) Cross slopes (1 in 50 to 1 in 25) shall be provided on the haul road so

that water flows into the drain.

iii) Water barrier, cross drains, relief drains etc. should be constructed and

maintained properly.

iv) Culverts shall be designed, installed and maintained to withstand the

vertical soil pressure, weight of the vehicles plying over the road etc.

7.1.11 ILLUMINATION AND COMMUNICATION

Sufficient lighting as per standards will be provided at all the required places,

i.e. working faces, OB dump area, haul road, coal transfer points, loading points,

CHP, workshop, etc., to avoid accidents and to create efficient working conditions.

Provisions for efficient communication systems (both internal and external) to allow

communication link amongst various work centers to help avoid accidents and handle

emergencies will be made. The following standard of illumination as per DGMS may

be followed for better illumination in the mine.

Table 7.2: Standards of lighting in Opencast Coal Mines

Sl. No.

Place / Area to be illuminated

Manner in which it is to

be illuminated

Minimum standard of illumination

(LUX)

Plane/Level in which the

illumination is to be provided.

1. General working areas as determined by the Manager in writing

0.2 At the level of the surface to be illuminated

2. Work place at Heavy Machinery

So as to cover the depth and height through

5.0 10.0

Horizontal Vertical

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Sl. No.

Place / Area to be illuminated

Manner in which it is to

be illuminated

Minimum standard of illumination

(LUX)

Plane/Level in which the

illumination is to be provided.

which the machinery operates

3. Area where drilling rig works

So as to illuminate the full height of the rig

10.0 Vertical

4. Area where Bulldozer or other tractor mounted machine works

-- 10.0 At level of the Crawler tracks

5. Places where manual work is done

To be provided at level of the surface on which such work is done

5.0 10.

Horizontal Vertical

6. Places where loading, unloading or transfer, loading of dumpers, trucks or train is carried on

-- 3.0 Horizontal

7. Operators’ Cabins of machines or mechanisms

To be provided upto a height of 0.8 metres from floor level

30.0 Horizontal

8. At hand picking points along a conveyor belt

To be provided upto a distance of not less than 1.15 metres from the picker

50.0 On the surface of the conveyor belt

9. Truck haulage roads To be provided at level of the road

0.5 to 3.0 Horizontal

10. Rail haulage track in the pit

To be provided at level of the rail heads

0.5 Horizontal

11. Roadways and foot paths from bench to bench

-- 3.0 Horizontal

12. Permanent paths for use of persons employed etc.

-- 1.0 Horizontal

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7.1.12 OTHER MISCELLANEOUS MEASURES

Following facilities will be there in the project:

▪ Provision of well-equipped workshops for maintaining HEMMs and

other equipment properly for avoiding their failures as well as the risk of

accidents.

▪ Provision of stores for spare parts for quick maintenance.

7.1.13 TRAINING

Coal industry has set up a number of training institutes for imparting training

to its employees. These trainings are meant to raise awareness amongst workers for

performing their duties properly with safety.

Further, the personnel directly responsible for handling emergencies are

given training for making them better equipped for discharging the responsibilities.

Mock drills for checking the risk management preparedness will be carried out

regularly.

7.1.14 MEDICAL AID

For guarding against occupational and community health hazards, the

following measures will be taken:

▪ Steps to control respirable dust, improve workplace environment and

reduce noise nuisance.

▪ Periodic Medical Examination (PME) of workers.

▪ Availability of improved medical facilities.

The coal company has a number of healthcare centres including a well

equipped Regional Hospital and a specialised “referral” hospital in the coalfield area.

Provisions of healthcare facilities have been provided in the project report.

Healthcare facilities have been provided in the neighbouring projects. The above

facilities will cater to the need of employees of this project. The local people can also

avail these healthcare facilities.

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7.1.15 CONCLUSION

With adoption of above preventive measures, the operation of this opencast

mine will be safe as well as environment friendly.

7.2 SOCIAL IMPACT, R&R ACTION PLAN

7.2.1 RESETTLEMENT AND REHABILITATION This is a new mine. The R&R are being carried out under the direction of

“Claims Commission” set up by Hon’ble Supreme Court for the purpose. Total R&R

cost is 678.04 Cr. There are about 2953 Project Affected Families (PAFs). Total land

required for Rehabilitation site is 140 Ha.

SI Name of village

No. of PAFs

Project affected persons

Eligible for

Dislace ment

Benefit

Cash Compensation in lieu of plot

& others

PAFs opted

for plot at R&R

site

Balance/

Not Opted

No. of persons eligible

for employm

ent

Provided employment/

Person opted for

cash compensatio

n in lieu of employment

Balance

1. Gopal-

pur 992 2943 981 297 0 695 992 846 146

2. Jhupu- ranga

833 2447 521 0 0 521 647 0 647

3. Tumulia 702 2745 539 0 0 539 702 0 702

4. Ratan- sara

238 715 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

5. Siarmal 188 842 188 6 182 0 188 150 38

Total 2953 9692 2229 303 182 1755 2529 996 1533

Court Cases / Litigation for R&R

➢ Petition by Villagers before the Hon’ble High Court of Odisha

1. Villager Sri Mathias Oram and 32 others of village Gopalpur filed a

writ petition bearing No.W.P(C) No.11463 of 2003 before the

Hon’ble High Court of Odisha for grant of compensation and other

benefits in lieu of their acquired lands.

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➢ Order of the Hon’ble High Court of Odisha

1. The Hon’ble High Court of Odisha after hearing the Counsel for

the Petitioners, passed order dt:13.11.2006 directing MCL to pay

compensation and other benefits to the petitioner in accordance

with law as expenditiously as possible preferably within a period of

six months from the date of receipt of order.

➢ Order of the Hon’ble Supreme Court of Odisha

1. MCL filed a SLP(C) vide No.6933 of 2007 before the Hon’ble

Supreme Court of India challenging the order of the Hon’ble High

Court of Odisha. The Solicitor General of India assisting the Court

in this matter in consultation with the Ministry of Coal, placed a

scheme before the court to facilitate payment of compensation to

all the land losers of villages where the land was vested with MCL.

➢ The scheme proposed by the Solicitor General of India and which is

agreed upon by the Central Government and the Coal Company is as

follows :

1. The land in village Gopalpur, District Sundergarh, Orissa stands

acquired by the Central Government and ownership is vested with

MCL, which will determine and pay compensation to the erstwhile

landowners.

2. In respect of vast portions of the acquired land (excluding the area

where activities are being undertaken), actual physical possession

as never taken. The State of Orissa and its officers are directed to

assist MCL in taking actual physical possession of the acquired

land.

3. Since the matter pertains to an acquisition of 1987 i.e. more than

two decades ago, the extent of actual physical possession needs

to be re-ascertained, it is necessary that the genuine landowners,

amount of compensation payable, status of possession, use to

which the land has been put in the last two decades, is

discovered. The entire land needs to be surveyed again.

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4. In accordance with the advice of the learned Solicitor General, a

Claims Commission needs tobe set up with representatives of the

Central Government as well as MCL. It is submitted that the

claims commission will consist of 3 memebrs :

(a) A former judge of the High Court of Orissa (Chairman);

(b) An officer who has held a post/office equivalent to the rank of

Secretary to the Government of India;

(c) An officer to be nominated by Chairman, Coal India Ltd. The

Claims Commission will carry out the exercise referred to

above the submit a report on the compensation payable and

the persons to whom it should be paid, within a period six

months.

5. The above-said report will be submitted to the Central

Government, and upon formal approval by the Central

Government, MCL will make payment within a further period of two

months.

6. Some portions of the land have been determined to be unsuitable

for the Petitioner having regard to physical features (mining being

impossible, area being heavily populated, etc.). The Claims

Commission will examine whether possession of such portions

has been taken over by the Petitioner. It would be open to the

Claims Commission to recommend de-notification / release of the

said land from acquisition.

7. In view of the special facts obtaining above, the Central

Government may be permitted to de-notify the said land from the

acquisition as a special case, since the land is not required and

possession also was never taken.

8. Even the case of the de-notified land, suitable compensation, in

appropriate cases,may have to be paid to the landowners. The

claims commission may also given a report on this aspect of the

matter.

9. The learned solicitor General has opined that suchmatters of

uncertain acquisition or pending compensation claims lead to

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unnecessary social tensions and the Petitioner must act in a spirit

of good governance. Upon examination of all the surrounding

villages, in the light of the opinion of the learned Solicitor General,

for the sake of uniformity as well as fairness, the above exercise

would be carried out for the following villages as well:

(a) Jhupurunga

(b) Ratansara

(c) Tikilipara

(d) Siarmal

(e) Tumulia

It must be noted that in the case of Tikilipara villages, part-

payment has already been made. Further, in the case of

Bankibahal and Balinga Villages, full payment has already been

made but possession has not been fully taken.

10. This Order is being passed with the agreement of all parties and in

the peculiar facts and circumstances of this case. The said order

shall not operate as a precedent.

The Hon’ble Supreme Court of India approved the scheme and the Claims

Commission was formed by the Hon’ble Court in July 2010 and the Chairman

assumed the Office on 1st August 2010. The Office of the Claims Commission is at

Bhubaneswar. The address is 87, Satyanagar, Bhubaneswar.

The Present members of the Commission are :

• Former Hon’ble Justice Sri A. K. Parichha – Chairman

• Sri Alok Sinha – IAS (Retd.) – Member

• Sri G. B. Pattnaik – IAS (Retd.) – Member

• Sri A. K. Singh – Former Director (Tech.), MCL – Member

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Table: Status of Compensation (Rs. In crores)

Sl. Name of the

Village

No. of Project

Affected Families

Total Compensation

amount sanctioned

(Land, trees, structures etc.)

Total Amount

paid

Balance to be paid.

Weather payment is

pending with claim

commission

Rehabilitation site

1 Gopalpur 992 366.34 341.10 25.23 Pending FOR disbursement

with ADM (R&R)

Sarangijharia

2 Siarmal 188 90.88 64.05 26.82 Chhatenpali

3 Jhuprunga 833 480.57 0 480.57 Proposal with Claims

Commission

Badkhalia

4 Tumulia 702 566.31 0 566.31 Diamunda

5 Ratnasara 238 0 0 0

6

Tikilipara (Claims)

270 68.17 65.10 3.06 dis. Cell Chhetanpali

Tikilipara (MCL)

132 3.22 3.16 0.05 Balance amount

in Tribunal Basundhara

Nagar

*The figures of Ratansara village will be tentative, it may increase or decrease. The work is under process by Claims

Commission. Other figures may increase due to civil cases in different villages. Resettlement site may be changed.

7.3 CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY

7.3.1 Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) policy of CIL:

1. Objectives : The main objective of CSR policy is to lay down

guidelines for the coal companies to make CSR a key business process

for sustainable development for the Society. It aims at supplementing

the role of the govt. in enhancing welfare measures of the society based

on immediate and long term social and environmental consequences of

their activities.

2. Areas to be Covered : The poor and needy Section of the Society

living in and around coalfields and different parts of India normally to be

covered. The responsibility of the subsidiary shall be to execute CSR

within the radius of 15 Kms for every project and Areas including Head

quarters. Further Board of Directors of Subsidiary Companies can

approve specific cases of projects beyond mining areas with in

respective State.

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3. Scope : (i) Education (ii) Water Supply (iii) Health Care

(iv) Environmental (v) Social empowerment (vi) Infrastructure of village

(vii) Sports and Culture (viii) Generation of employment & setting up

Co-operative Society (ix) Infrastructure Support, etc.

4. Source of Fund : The fund for CSR will be allocated based on 2% of

the average net profit of the company for the three immediate preceding

financial years or Rs.2.00 per tonne of coal production of the previous

year whichever is higher.

SCOPE:

1. Education

2. Water Supply including drinking water.

3. Health care by providing Indoor medical facilities and medicines.

4. Environment

5. Social Empowerment

6. Infrastructure for Village Electricity/Solar Light/Pawan Chaki etc.

Recurring expenditure should be borne by the beneficiaries.

7. Sports and culture.

8. Generation of employment & setting up Co-operative Society.

9. Infrastructure Support.

10. Grant/donation/financial assistance/sponsorship to reputed NGOs

of the Society/locality doing/involve in upliftment of the standard of the

society.

11. Heritage sites in the CSR purview ensuring involvement of employee’s

representatives in this Project.

12. Empowerment of women for education / health & self-employment.

13. Relief to victims of Natural Calamities like Earth Quake, Cyclone,

draught and Flood situation in any part of the country.

14. Disaster Management Activities including those related to amelioration/

Mitigation.

15. Development of smokeless fuel out of coal and also arrangement

for distribution of efficient Chula to the villagers.

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16. Adoption of village for carrying out the activities like infrastructural

development e.g. road, water supply, electricity and community center

etc.

The above list is illustrative and not exhaustive. CMD may consider

CSR activities not falling in this list. The activities will be specific to the village

depending on the need assessed for the people. As far as possible efforts will

be made to co-ordinate with similar CSR activities that are taken up by the

Central or State Govt. All CSR activities should be environment friendly and

acceptable to the local people and society.

Table 7.3: CSR expenditure for the last year by Basundhara Area, MCL

(Rs. In Lakhs)

Head 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18

Drinking Water 18.99 62.22 6.32 9.69

Roads 3697.13 816.12 580.01 0


Education 18.55 36.37 17.96 24.83

Environment 4.51 1.97 3.6 20.14

Health care 4.56 2.01 0.95 0.89

Rural sports 7.75 17.41 13.20 1.81

Others 0.00 1.02 0.00 5.00

Total 3866.82 984.11 1330.63 481.10

7.4 HABITAT MANAGEMENT / WILD LIFE CONSERVATION COST

As per guideline, Govt. of Orissa, Forest & Environment Deptt. Vide letter

No.10F (Cons.) 6/2013–20693/F&E dated 05-10-13 have issued instruction to

release @ Rs.43000/- per Ha of mining lease area basis towards the cost of wild life

management plan. An amount of Rs. 984.89 lakh has been proposed for wild life

conservation plan which will be met from revenue budget.

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7.5 PUBLIC CONSULTATION / HEARING Public hearing has been conducted on 03.01.2019. The detailed Public

Hearing proceeding is attached as Annexure VII.

(a) Date of Advertisement 01/12/2018

(b) Newspapers in which the advertisement appeared

The New Indian Express (English daily) &

Dharitri (Odiya daily)

(c) Date of public hearing (DD/MM/YY)

03.01.2019

(d) Public Hearing Panel chaired by & members present

The Public Hearing was chaired by Shri Bhaskar Chandra Turuk, Additional District Magistrate, Sundargarh. The members presented were: 1. Sri Niranjan Mallick, Regional Officer, SPCB , Jharsuguda

(e) No. of people attended the public hearing meeting and number of people from the lease area

1000 approx.

7.6 RAIN WATER HARVESTING

Rain water is naturally pure water except where it becomes acidic due to

industrial pollution. The rapid exploitation of ground water as well as surface water

due to the industrial developmental projects, increase in population resulted in acute

scarcity of fresh water availability. It has become necessary to conserve this

valuable natural resource for sustainable development.

Conservation of this valuable natural resource can be done by collecting this

rain water scientifically and utilizing it either for drinking purposes or ground water

recharging purposes.

Scientifically & technically designed system which helps us to collect and

utilize the rain water effectively through various steps and collectedly termed as “Rain

Water Harvesting”.

The various steps/methods are roof top catchments, check dams, percolation

pond, storage tanks, etc.

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7.7 SLOPE STABILITY

7.7.1 Slope

Any structure either naturally occurred or artificially built when takes the

shape by increasing the height with horizon in reference to plane is called slope.

Slopes of the earth are of two types

1. Natural slopes

2. Artificial slopes

Natural slopes are those that exist in natures and are formed by natural

causes and generally exist in hilly area.

Artificial slopes are created by man such as cutting of sides, construction of

dam, highway embankment, mining benches and OB dumps, etc.

7.7.2 Factors governing the Slope Stability

There are two main aspects of slope failure and they are natural and man

made disturbances. The seismic activities of the earth crust, rain, tornado and

geology come under the naturally occurred disturbance. The blasting, excavation,

dumping are the man made disturbance for slope instability. Following are the main

factors that influence the slope stability.

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7.7.2.1 Geo physical parameters

(a) Shear strength parameters:-

This is the basic parameters and holds the key role to control the

stability of the slope but it is most difficult to comprehend it accurately.

The fundamental shear strength equation proposed by French engineer

Coulomb is S=C + б Tan (Φ).

(b) Bulk density of dump mass:

Bulk density of dump mass determines the weight of waste rock and ply

very important role in calculation of stability of the dump mass

(c) Base of the Dump

Base of the OB dump should be strong enough to bear the load of the

dump otherwise base failure may crop up.

(d) Grain size distribution of the dump material:

It indicates composition of dump material comprising of clay, silt, sand,

gravels and boulders. It influences the permeability, density, shear strength

parameters and other characteristics of the soil materials.

(e) Plastic Limits

Atterberg limits determine the expansive and liquid properties of the

material. In case of expansive soil, shear strength properties drastically

changes when coming in contact with water.

(f) Co-efficient of permeability:

This parameter implies seepage properties of water and facilitate in

computation of seepage force exerting on dump materials.

7.7.2.2 Geology of the Area:-

Geological features that could pose problems to site stability and that

therefore warrant detailed site studies prior to development within the area include:

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type of strata, erosion, sheared mélange matrix, hydrothermally altered rock,

landslides unfavorably dipping bedding planes, an-isotropicity, faults, discontinuity

and shear zones, sheared serpentines, mines and mine tailings, subsidence, and

expansive soils.

7.7.2.3 Hydro-Geological parameters–

The effect of Hydro-geology in determining stability of dump is as follows:

A. Shear strength parameters of dump materials get affected due to water

saturation during rainy season.

B. Accumulated water at the base gives buoyancy effect on dump

materials as well reduce cohesion and friction of dump and interface

materials.

C. Seepage of water exerts dragging force on the dump materials.

Seepage pressure acts below the phreatic line and in the direction of

flow. It can be calculated by

➢ knowing the pore water pressure or

➢ Drawing the phreatic line.

D. Rain water erode slope surface and create large rill and gullies on slope

surface which damage the slope profile and causes slope failure.

7.7.2.4 Geo-mining parameters

A. Mine floor inclination

Mine floor inclination reduces the effective angle of repose of overlaid

OB dump such as shear strength of materials.

B. Blasting affect create encourage

Blasting generate vibrations in the surrounding region that induces

acceleration imply dynamic forces which affect the stability of slope.

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C. Profile of the dump

The profile of the dump, i.e height and berm guide the overall slope

angle of the dump. This should be less than angle of repose of the materials.

D. Location of dump

Location of dump site also play crucial role in the stability of the slope.

Base of dump must be strong and away from the quarry edge to avoid base

failure and differential settlement of dump or highwall.

E. Surcharge

The surcharge load increases the horizontal & vertical load and

amplifies seismic effects. Thus affect the slope stability.

7.7.2.5 Climate Effects

It is now widely accepted that climate change is occurring and that, this

will affect the processes and parameters that determine the stability of slopes.

Climate parameters affecting ground water and pore pressure fluctuations

that can, in many cases, trigger slope instability and hence landslide activity.

Global warming due to the greenhouse effect and especially changes in

precipitation patterns and air temperature might therefore have influences on future

landslide activity also.

There remains, however, significant uncertainty in forecasting these

changes in the long-term.

7.7.2.6 Dynamic forces

(A) Seismic forces

Earthquake experience by a structure depends on its own dynamic

characteristics and ground motions such that random motion of ground,

vibration intensity, magnitude of the earthquake; depth of focus, distance

from the epicenter and the strata on which the structure stands.

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Seismic force/coefficient αh is calculated as per the IS Code by

following two methods and higher value will be taken for slope stability

calculation.

a) Seismic Coefficient Method,

b) Response Spectrum method

(B) Blasting Effect

(i) Peak particle Velocity

The types of explosive directly influence ground vibration that and

create PPV in the ground. This PPV affects the stability of slope.

Following is the typical graph of blasting in Opencast mine.

It is found that PPV of less than 50 mm/s would have low probability to

damage the structural of residential buildings.

In the studies it is established that in our case 75% to 80% times blast

frequency comes in the range of 8-25 Hz.

(C) Moving force

Moving force is type of live load that comes from the vehicular

movement including the HEMM. These moving loads create the

dynamic/static load besides the breaking and acceleration jerks. This load

affects the slope stability.

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7.7.3 Types of failure:

A slope may have various types of failures which depend upon the type of

materials, dump profile, dump base, etc. In our case, generally following types of

failure occurs:

A. Circular failure –

Circular failure generally occurs in high dump, soil having low shear

strength and base of dump material stronger than dump materials.

B. Circular-cum-planar Failure –

It occurs when the shear strength of interface material between dump

and mine floor is less than that of dump material and the dump is standing on

steep mine floor.

C. Base failure -

It occurs when the weak strata lies beneath the toe of the dump.

7.7.4 Calculation of FoS

This is a ratio of the stabilizing force to mobilization force developed at the

sliding surface. The factor of safety gives relative static state of the studied slope

about its mobilization at a glance.

It has envisaged a factor of safety more than 1.10 in the design of slope

stability is safe if appropriate seismic acceleration is considered and more than 1.20

if seismic acceleration is not considered.

7.7.4.1 Slope Analysis

Limit equilibrium method is widely used for slope stability analysis nowadays.

This method takes in to account the physical constraints under which the OB dumps

are generated and effect of both of dynamic and static acceleration. The effects of

tension cracks and varied hydrological conditions towards the stability are also

modeled. Today large number of different suitable software/tools are available for the

analyzing the slope stability for the dump/ waste rock piles and highwall.

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7.7.4.2 Software

One of the leading software for analyzing the stability of the slope is

GALENA, which is used here for analyzing slope stability. It is very powerful and

accurate slope stability software and incorporates the Bishop Simplified, the Spencer-

Wright and the Sharma method of analysis to determine the stability of slope The

Bishop method is used to determine the stability of slope of circular failure surface,

the Spencer-Wright method is applicable for circular and non circular failure surface

and Sharma method is used for problem where non vertical slices are required.

7.7.4.3 Forces

(a) Seepage Pressure

Pore water pressure is determined by taking into account the actual

shape of phreatic line. Below the ground water table, analysis proceeds using

the unit weight of saturated soil γsat and uplift pressure; above the ground

water table the analysis assumes the inputted unit weight of soil γ.

(b) Tension Cracks

Tensile cracks that appear on terrain surface are filled with water h,

exerts extra lateral pressure. Since, it is assumed that tensile cracks, if any

will be filled up immediately so affect of it is not taken in computations.

Fh

SLIP CIRCLE

SLOPE

TENSION CRACK

(c) Ground Acceleration

Horizontal acceleration Kh arises due to earthquake and blasting is

calculated and higher value has been taken for slope stability analysis.

Horizontal acceleration Kh coefficient taken for analysis is 0.016.

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(d) Surcharge

Since, it is external dump so it is assumed that there will be no moving

or static surcharge either on the inclined slope or top of the slope. Hence no

surcharge affect is to be considered in the analysis of the slope stability.

(e) Shear Strength of materials

Shear strength of the soil, consisting Cohesion & Angle of repose is

judicially decided after study the result of physical Mechanical properties of

Borehole log, Back Analysis data of same type of mines. Since soil is

heterogeneous materials, so few test of soil cannot represent the whole mass

dump. Different soil test report shows the large variation in test results. So,

after giving the sensible thought on various existing report following value of

shear strength parameters have been chosen.

Cohesion – 53 pa, Angle of friction - 250. However detailed analysis of

Physico mechanical properties would be required for making the final report

for slope stability.

7.7.4.4 Method of analysis

More than 80% slope failure is either circular or near circular in nature. So

Modified (or Simplified) Bishop's method is used for slope analysis which is one of

the most suitable methods for circular slope failure. The method satisfies all

conditions of equilibrium, (i.e. horizontal force, vertical force and moment equilibrium

for each slice.

7.7.4.5 Analysis

Analysis has been done with the help of Galena software. Galena works by

creating a model that represent a slope. The basic data component is materials

profile, physical properties of profile, slope surface and tentative failure surface.

Generally circular failure occurs in loose material, so Bishop’s simplified

method has been used for the analysis of dump.

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7.7.4.6 INPUT

A) Profile of dump –

OB dump and highwall are the essential part of the Open Cast Mining

system particularly initial phase of mining operation. Drawing, plan and data

of the mine are provided by RI_VII and project authorities.

Our intended object for the slope stability analysis is to check the

stability of the proposed external OB dump. Height of both external dumps

are about 90m from the surrounding surface level. This dump is located on

southern boundary of mine. Overall slope profile of external dump-1 & dump–

2 is 280 and 260 respectively at major portions. In first glance, as per vertical

& horizontal ratio of slope it seems to be stable

Following are the dump plan, profile details and cross-section of both

dump-1 and dump-2.

+300

+330

+330

+360

+360

+390

◆

320

310

322324

326

324

322

320

324

326

324322

326

328

326324

322

328

328

326324

320

318 320 316

314

320322

318316

314 314312

312310

308

306

304

302

308

318316

318

318

320

Profile Details Dump Plan

DUMP - 1

Sl No. X Y

1 0.00 90.0

2 40.10 60.0

3 69.30 60.0

4 109.30 30.0

5 139.40 30.0

6 168.00 0.0

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Dump Cross-section

260296

290

310

310

310304

304306

308

308298

292

292

290

290

288

284

288

286284

290

300310

310

310304

304306

308

308298

292

292

290

290

288

284288

288

286284

308

308

310312

314316

308

308

308

306

306

308

310

312

314

312310

308

306304

302

304

306308

308

306

310

310

302

286

286306

302

320

310

350

380

380

320

◆

Dump Plan Profile details

DUMP - 2

Sl No. X Y

1 0.00 90.00

2 40.10 60.00

3 70.20 60.00

4 110.30 30.00

5 140.90 30.00

6 182.30 0.00

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Dump Cross-section

A) Model – ( For Dump 1)

GALENA Version 5.02Project:

Analysis:

Siarmal OCP MCL

1

DUMP 1

File: Diarmal OCP Dump 1.gmf

-40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

DUMP SLOPE

ALLULIVAL SOIL

ROCKY OB MATERIALS

MEDIUM ROCKY MATERIALS

COARSE SANDT OB MATERIALS

PHRETAIC LINE

SLIP CIRCLESCRITICAL SLIP CIRCLE

DUMP SLOPE

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Result Model – ( For Dump 1)

GALENA Version 5.02

Project:

DUMP 1

Siarmal OCP MCL

File: Diarmal OCP Dump 1.gmf Central Mine Planning & Design Institute

Edited: Processed:22 Feb 2016 22 Feb 2016

Analysis:

Results

1

Multiple Stability Analysis

Method:

Surface:

Bishop Simplified

Circular

Critical (minimum)

Factor of Safety: 1.25

Rccky OB materials

Medium Rocky OB Dump

Coarse sandy OB materials

Allulival Soil

-50 0 50 100 150 200

-20

-10

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

DUMP SLOPE

ALLULIVAL SOIL

ROCKY OB MATERIALS

MEDIUM ROCKY MATERIALS

COARSE SANDT OB MATERIALS

PHRETAIC LINE

SLIP CIRCLESCRITICAL SLIP CIRCLE

DUMP SLOPE

Factor of safety of first 10 slip circle

X-Cent Y-Cent X-Left Y-Left Radius FoS

126.76 137.29 -20.85 198.70 155.00 1.245

123.74 129.93 -20.85 198.70 150.00 1.245

129.64 144.33 -20.85 198.70 160.00 1.247

132.38 134.54 -10.85 198.70 150.00 1.249

121.15 139.95 -30.85 198.70 160.00 1.249

129.27 127.30 -10.85 198.70 145.00 1.249

120.54 122.13 -20.85 198.70 145.00 1.252

125.98 119.63 -10.85 198.70 140.00 1.252

118.22 132.47 -30.85 198.70 155.00 1.253

135.36 141.47 -10.85 198.70 155.00 1.254

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B) Model – ( For Dump 2)

GALENA Version 5.02Project:

Analysis:

Siarmal OCP MCL

1

DUMP 2

File: Diarmal OCP Dump 2.gmf

-40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

DUMP SLOPE

ALLULIVAL SOIL

CRITICLA SLIP CIRCLE

ROCKY DUMP MATERIALS

MEDIUM ROCKY DUMP MATERIALS

COARSE SANDY MATERIALS

PHRATIC LINE

SLIP CIRCLE

RESULT of Model – (Dump 2)

GALENA Version 5.02

Project:

DUMP 2

Siarmal OCP MCL



Analysis:

Results

1

Multiple Stability Analysis

Method:

Surface:

Bishop Simplified

Circular

Critical (minimum)

Factor of Safety: 1.32

Rccky OB materials

Medium Rocky OB Dump

Coarse sandy OB materials

Allulival Soil

-40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200

-10

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

DUMP SLOPE

ALLULIVAL SOIL

CRITICLA SLIP CIRCLE

ROCKY DUMP MATERIALS

MEDIUM ROCKY DUMP MATERIALS

COARSE SANDY MATERIALS

PHRATIC LINE

SLIP CIRCLE

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Factor of safety of first 10 slip circle

X-Cent Y-Cent X-Left Y-Left Radius FoS

125.19 142.78 -25.85 197.40 160.00 1.322

122.29 135.59 -25.85 197.40 155.00 1.323

128.72 138.95 -18.35 197.40 155.00 1.323

125.72 131.76 -18.35 197.40 150.00 1.325

131.59 145.84 -18.35 197.40 160.00 1.325

119.25 128.03 -25.85 197.40 150.00 1.328

122.56 124.19 -18.35 197.40 145.00 1.329

132.21 135.09 -10.85 197.40 150.00 1.330

129.11 127.91 -10.85 197.40 145.00 1.332

135.18 141.96 -10.85 197.40 155.00 1.335

Probability Analysis

Probability Analysis for the critical failure surface is done to know the effect

on calculated FoS if value of c & Φ deviated from taken on value. It is done for a

given set of data at standard Deviation of 2.0 for both c & Φ and a following graph

between Factor of Safety & Frequency is drawn.

Following graph of probability analysis shows that probability of FoS being

less than 1.18 is only 7% for given set of data.

GALENA Version 5.02

Project:

DUMP 1

Siarmal OCP MCL



Analysis:

Results

1

Probability Analysis

Method:

Surface:

Bishop Simplified

Circular

Probability:

of the Factor of Safety

being below:

7 %

1.17 1.14 1.15 1.17 1.18 1.20 1.22 1.23 1.25 1.26

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

Factor of Safety

Fre

qu

en

cy (%

)

1.14 1.16 1.18 1.20 1.22 1.24 1.26

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

Factor of Safety

Pro

ba

bility (%

)

Probability Analysis graph

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7.7.5 Conclusions & Recommendations

7.7.5.1 Conclusion

1. Maximum height of both external dump-1 & dump-2 is approximately 90

m from the surrounding surface. .

2. Overall slope profile of external dump-1 & dump–2 is 280 and 260

respectively at major portions.

3. Analysis is done for various combination of slip circle for both external

OB Dumps.

4. Minimum FoS for the external OB dumps comes to 1.25 which is which

well above the stipulated value1.10.

4. Minimum FoS for the High-wall comes to 1.23 which is which well

above the stipulated value1.10.

5. Earthquake / blasting affect has been considered in the analysis.

6. Analysis is done for drained conditions. However affect of Pheretic line

has been taken for lower part of OB dump.

7. Slope of given profile of highwall, at present situation is safe in all

conditions.

7.7.5.2 Recommendations

1. Top of the dump should be leveled with the provision of kerb all along

the dump with proper drainage arrangement at top as well as along

the slope which will prevent the formation of deep gully on dump slope.

2. The toe of the dump should not be eroded or cut at any point of time to

avoid the failure of slope.

3. Formation of dumping should be done in square or circular shape or

regular shape as far as possible.

4. Edge of dump should be in straight line or in large smooth curvature as

far as possible. Zig - zag dumping should be avoided as it possess the

some complication in stability of slope.

5. Top surface of OB dump should have transverse and longitudinal slope

of 1:50 spreading outward so as rain water can be evacuated easily (as

shown in the diagram below). Berm of 15 to 20 cm will be provided all

round the top of OB dump. This will prevent the water spillage on

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inclined face of dump. Drain on inclined face and catch drain at each

layer should be provided to facilitate the water drainage.

G.L.

+15

+30

+45

+60

+75

+90

6m

6m

6m

+0

PROPOSED O.B. DUMPG.L.

+75

+60

+45

+15

+30

19.9

19.9

19.9

19.9

19.9

19.9

96

96

TOP OF DUMPSlope 1:50 Slope 1:50

Dra in

Dra in

Typ ic a l c ross - Sec tion

6. Gabion wall and garland drain should be constructed and maintained to

trap the surface runoff coming from dump.

7. Plantation and grassing should be done on top and slope of the dump

respectively.

8. Regular monitoring is required for development of tension crack,

Gullies, movement of soil mass, stagnation of water and any other

unusual occurrence.

9. Distance between edge of quarry surface and edge of both external OB

dump has only 35m to 40m. Depth of highwall is around 340m from the

surface and overall final slope angle of highwall is around 400.

Bulb pressure generated beneath the surface due to the heavy load of

OB dump may cut the slope of highwall and would affect the stability of

highwall.

So, a detailed study on the stability of highwall is very necessary.

7.7.6 Limitations

1. Soil is very complex and complicated matter due to availability in infinite

combination of soil mixing.

2. In nature, heterogeneous type of soil is found which has different

properties at different depth and places.

3. Accurate soil properties cannot be tested in laboratory because no

theory can simulated the field conditions.

4. OB dump given for study is completely heterogeneous soil contains soft

clay to hard rock of different size varying from less than a millimeter to

more than a meter.

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5. It is very difficult to take the soil sample from the deep inside the OB

dump.

6. Few testing of samples can not represent the whole mass of OB dump.

7. Judicious combination of theory and experience can help to arrive at

right conclusion.

8. It is very difficult to assess the accurate pore water pressure and

pheratic line of the dump.

9. All the software and calculation are based on homogeneous soil .

10. All normal failure conditions are checked for determination of FoS but

powerful nature can do something else.

11. In geo-technical engineering field there are many uncertain factors

needs further study. As a result, factor of safety determined may not be

very precise.

7.8 CARRYING CAPACITY STUDY

Ecological Footprint Analysis (EFAs) have been undertaken to produce a

baseline of consumption and emissions for mining companies, assess possible

measures to reduce the companies’ footprint areas, and determine steps

required to implement such measures.

The study has been done considering assimilation potential of different

environmental components e.g. land, water air, etc. and it has been observed

that the study area have enough assimilation potential for running the proposed

mine with proper control measures. The detailed study along with critical limiting

parameters for future growth is attached as Annexure VI.

7.9 CORPORATE ENVIRONMENT RESPONSIBILITY (CER)

As per the MoEF&CC office memorandum no. F.No. 22-65/2017-IA.III dtd. 01-

05-2018 for green field project, 0.5 % of capital investment for new project i.e. 18.78

crores has been provided for CER, the same will be met from Revenue Expenditure.

The CER fund will be spent on drinking water supply, sanitation, and air pollution

control measures.

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Chapter – 8

PROJECT BENEFITS 8.1 INTRODUCTION

Proposed Project will enhance the socio-economic activities in the adjoining

areas. This will result in following benefits:

Improvement in Physical Infrastructure like roads, bridges, playgrounds,

stadiums, schools.

Improvement in Social Infrastructure NGO, women empowerment.

Increase in Employment Potential.

Contribution to the Exchequer (both State and Central Govt.).

Post-mining Enhancement of Green Cover.

Improvement of Electrical Power Generation and consequently rise in

electric power consumption there by improvement in overall economic

growth of the country.

8.2 IMPROVEMENT IN PHYSICAL INFRASTRUCTURE & COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT

The project will improve the physical infrastructure of the adjoining areas.

This would include the following:

Improvement of road communication.

Strengthening of existing community facilities through the Community

Development Programme being carried out by MCL.

Greater availability of good quality power grade coal will result in

enhanced power generation to meet the energy demand of the country.

Pumping of mine water may augment the water availability after due

treatment.

Gainful post-mining land utilization of mine lease area is given in the

following table :

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LAND REQUIREMENT

PRE MINING LAND USE

Sl. No

Item Forest (Ha.) Non-Forest (Ha.) Total Area (Ha.)


2. External OB Dump 17.40 368.68 386.08

3. Embankment 18.00 10.30 28.3

5. Safety zone 3.93 14.662 18.592

6. Infrastructure,Undisturbed Blasting Danger Zone incl future exp area

60.799 250.358 311.157





10. Rail link from project to Jharsuguda - 52.00 52.00

Total outside mine lease area - 290.00 290.00

*Not considered for diversion

POST MINING LAND USE

Post-mining land use (at the end of mining activity)

Sl. No.

Category

Land use (in ha)

Plantation Water body

Dip side slope, Active

dump & haul road

Undis-turbed

Built-up area

Total

1 Quarry excavation 966.0 67.0 513.32 -- -- 1546.32

2 Safety zone 18.59 -- -- -- -- 18.59

3 OB dumps (external) 386.08 -- -- -- -- 386.08

4 Embankment 18.0 -- -- -- 10.3 28.3

5 Infrastructure 8.00 -- -- -- 34.82 42.82

6 Blasting danger zone & other future exp area

74.41 -- -- 193.93 -- 268.34

A Mine Lease Area 1471.08 67.0 513.32 193.93 45.12 2290.45

7 Residential colony 14.00 -- -- -- 56.00 70.00

8 Resettlement site 28.00 -- -- -- 112.0 140.00

9 Diversion of road &

railway link 10.0 70.0 80.00

B Total Project Area 1523.08 67.0 513.32 193,93 283.12 2580.45

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8.3 IMPROVEMENT IN SOCIAL INFRASTRUCTURE

There would be some obvious changes in various environmental parameters

due to mining activity, increased economic activities and creation of new employment

opportunity, infrastructural development, better educational and healthcare facilties.

Following are the specific impacts.

SOCIO-ECONOMIC

Overall there will be positive impact in socio-economic area due to increased

economic activities, creation of new employment opportunities, infrastructural

development and better educational and healthcare facilties. The impact in the Core

Zone and Buffer Zone is due to the following:

POPULATION DYNAMICS

Due to direct and indirect employment potential, there is scope of migration

of people into project area and in the peripheral regions, from nearby areas. Mining

activities, acceleration of the economic activities and urbanization along with creation

of new employment opportunities and business may change the population dynamics

of the area.

STANDARD OF LIVING

The people will come in contact with migrated people. This may encourage

higher aspirations among the people of the area. Accelerated economic activities

and urbanization may increase quality of life and standard of living.

HEALTH CARE FACILITIES

MCL will undertake awareness programme and community activities, like

health camps, medical aids, family welfare camps, eye camp programme,

immunization camp, etc.

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8.4 EMPLOYMENT POTENTIAL

There is a possibility of creation of direct and indirect employment

opportunities due to working of this mine. Overall, this will have positive impact on

socio-economic profile of the area.

MCL will undertake skill development & capacity building programmes like

vocational training, income generation and entrepreneurship development.

8.5 OTHER TANGIBLE BENEFITS

Mahanadi Coalfields Limited is facing increasing demand of power grade

coal because of gap in demand and supply of coal in the country. Continuing and

augmentation of coal production from the mines of MCL will help to bridge the gap of

demand and supply of superior power grade coal in India. To meet the growing

demand of coal, especially in power sector, sponge iron sector and brick and other

small scale sectors, MCL has planned to increase its production capacity.

The mine will also contribute to the Exchequer of State and Central

Government.

Development of any nation is measured by the consumption of the electric

power (per capita). Huge demand of power is taking place to sustain the economic

growth of the country, since our country is progressing at a growth rate of about 9%

per annum in the recent years. Coal being prime mover of thermal power generating

stations (more than 70% of electrical energy is generated by Thermal Power Stations

by burning the fossil fuel), the demand of coal has also increased very rapidly, forcing

the existing mines to produce more. The availability of electrical power meets the

rising demand of various industries thereby improvement in over all economic growth

of the country.

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Chapter – 9

ENVIRONMENTAL ECONOMICS 9.1 INTRODUCTION

The cost estimate for EIA-EMP of this project is given below along with the

break-up:

Sl. No. Particulars Capital Investment

(Departmental) (Rs.lakh)

1. Resettlement & rehabilitation cost 67804.13

2. Dust suppression cost 597.39

3. ETP & STP 1105.22

4. Garland and storm water drainage 1464.43

5. Compensatory afforestation cost 2391.61

6. Arboriculture including avenue plantation 374.67

7. Rain water harvesting 30.75

8. Peripheral village community development 30.75

9. Environment Data generation 27.06

Total : 73826.01

9.2 EXPENDITURE TO BE INCURRED TOWARDS CSR Estimated CSR cost - Rs.30956.4 Lakhs @ Rs.2/te of coal produced. (Revenue Expenditure)




9.3 COMPENSATORY AFFORESTATION AND WILD LIFE MANAGEMENT COST

Out of the proposed mining lease area of 2290.45 Ha, forest land is 349.709

Ha. An amount of Rs. 2391.61 Lakhs has been provided for Compensatory

Afforestation cost.

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As per guideline, Govt. of Orissa, Forest & Environment Dept. Vide letter


release @ Rs.43000/- per Ha of mining lease area basis towards the cost of wild life

management plan. An amount of Rs. 984.89 lakh has been proposed for wild life

conservation plan which will be met from revenue budget.


Due emphasis has been given for rain water harvesting. A lump sump

amount Rs. 30.75 lakhs has been kept for the infrastructural facilities for storage of

rain water for harvesting which will be made from revenue budget.

9.5 COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT FOR PERIPHERAL VILLAGES A lump sum amount towards Community Development for Peripheral Villages

is Rs. 30.75 Lakh.

9.6 BIOLOGICAL RECLAMATION COST

A provision of Rs. 6218.05 lakhs has been made for biological reclamation,

block and avenue plantation.

9.7 MINE CLOSURE COST

As per the guidelines, the cost of mine closure is to be computed based on

the quantity of total leasehold area (Total project area) involved in the project. The

updated cost of mine closure on November 2017 cost base (WPI: 116.3) is estimated

to be Rs. 8.4048287 lakh/Ha (considering Rs.6.0 lakh/ha on Aug.2009 ( WPI : 129.6)

cost base as per the guidelines and base year 2004-05=100)

Total Project area involved : 2580.45 Ha

Mine closure cost/Ha (November 2017 cost base) : Rs 8.4048287 lakh

Total Mine closure cost (November 2017 cost base) : Rs 61474.4870 lakh

Fund already deposited in Escrow Account : Rs 0

Balance mine Closure Cost : Rs 61474.4870 lakh

Total estimated mine closure cost compounded @ 5% annually is

Rs. 61474.4870 lakh.

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9.8 REVENUE COST FOR EIA & EMP

The revenue cost for EIA & EMP has been worked out. This comes to about

Rs.29.59 per ton of coal produced. The break-up of revenue cost is given

below:

Revenue Cost for EIA & EMP Cost Base : June’18

Sl.No. Particulars Annual operating cost / tonne Rs.

1. Salaries, Wages & Benefits 2.27

2. Stores (as per project costing norms) 3.05

3. Power 4.00

4. Biological reclamation 0.11

5 CSR cost 2.00

6. Mine closure planning 3.97

7. Misc. exp. (as per project costing norms) 3.11

8. Administrative charges 1.48

9. Int. on working capital @ 14.50% 0.97

10. Depreciation 8.64

Sub-Total : 29.59

Annual coal Production: (50.0 Mty)

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Chapter – 10

ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN

10.1 MINE CLOSURE PLAN

10.1.1 INTRODUCTION

All coal mines shall adopt Mine Closure Plan comprising progressive

closure plan and final closure plan duly approved by the competent

authority as per circular No.55011-01-2009-CPAM, Govt. of India,

Ministry of Coal, dated 27th August, 2009 & its subsequent

amendments.

Coal projects that has been accorded approval of Mining Plan / Project

Report without mine closure plan are required to prepare and obtain the

approval of Mine closure plan within a period of 1 year as per the

circular.

10.1.2 OBJECTIVES OF MINE CLOSURE PLANNING

To allow a productive and sustainable after-use of the site which is

acceptable to the mine owner and the regulatory authority;

To bring back to original shape of the land as far as practicable for use

of land for agriculture, fishery etc.

To protect public health and safety;

To alleviate or eliminate environmental damage and thereby encourage

environmental sustainability;

To minimize adverse socio-economic impacts.

10.1.3 VARIOUS ASPECTS OF MINE CLOSURE PLANNING

The mine closure planning broadly involves the following aspects:

(a) Technical aspects;

(b) Environmental aspects;

(c) Social aspects;

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(d) Safety aspects;

(e) Financial aspects.

10.1.4 MINE CLOSURE OBLIGATION

Environmental clearance of development projects including mining is done by

government with the following objective:

“Optimal utilization of finite natural resources through use of better

technology & management package and increasing suitable remedial measures”.

The policy statement of pollution issued by MoEF, Govt. of India in 1992,

provides an instrument in the form of legislation and regulation, fiscal incentives,

educational programme, etc. The establishment and functioning of any industry

including mining will be governed by the following environmental acts/regulation:

There is a need to define the liabilities, responsibilities and authorities of the

mine management, other regulatory bodies, Central and State Governments after

mine closure. Some obligations relating to the mine management are as follows:

(a) Health & Safety:

Regulation Nos. 6, 61, 106, 112 of Coal Mines Regulations, 1957 and

its related DGMS Circulars;

(b) Environment

I. Water (Prevention & Control of Pollution) Act, 1974;

II. Air (Prevention & Control of Pollution) Act, 1981;

III. Environmental (Protection) Act, 1986 and Environmental Protection

(Amendment) Rule, 2000;

IV. DGMS Directives on Noise & Ground Vibration;

V. Water (Prevention & Control of Pollution) ; cess Act 1977 as amended

(water cess Act)

VI. Wild life protection Act, 1972

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(c) Forest

Forest (Conservation) Act, 1980

(d) Rehabilitation

CIL's Policy and Orissa State Govt. Policy. Latest Policy / Norms of

Govt. of Odisha is followed for this project

10.1.5 TYPES OF MINE CLOSURE PLAN

There are two types of mine closure plan:

- Progressive mine closure plan

- Final mine closure plan

A 'Progressive Mine Closure Plan' means a progressive plan, for the

purpose of providing protective reclamation and rehabilitation measures in a mine or

part thereof. Progressive Mine Closure Plan would include various land use activities

to be done continuously and sequentially during the entire period of the mining

operations. A 'Final Mine Closure Plan' means a plan for the purpose of

decommissioning, reclamation and rehabilitation in the mine or part thereof after

cessation of mining and related activities that has been prepared in the manner to

address all environmental aspects taking into consideration. Final Mine Closure

activities would start towards the end of the mine life, and may continue even after

the reserves are exhausted and/or mining is discontinued till the mining area is

restored to an acceptable level to create a self sustained eco system.

The final mine closure plan shall be formulated at least five years before the

intended final closure of the mine. The final mine closure plan will be submitted to

Ministry of Coal for approval. The final mine closure plan consists of cost estimates

and time bound schedules for various mine closure activities and details of the

escrow account.

However proposed mine in Siarmal block may not be closed and mining

operation may be continued upto dipside block. Therefore if mining is continued

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indipside decisions regarding final closure will be prepared along with mining plan &

mine closure plan of dipside block.

10.1.6 PROGRESSIVE MINE CLOSURE PLAN

Mine closure operation is a continuous series of activities starting from day

one of the initiation of mining project. Therefore, progressive mine closure plan will be

a continuous process throughout the life of mine which will be reviewed periodically.

This includes various land reclamation activities to be done continuously and

sequentially during the entire life of the mine. This is a life time of mine process which

starts from of commencement of mining operations and leads to the final closure of

the mine.

10.1.7 FINAL MINE CLOSURE PLAN

This plan means for the purpose of decommissioning, rehabilitation and

reclamation in the mine or part there of after cessation of mining and its related

activities has been prepared in the manner to address all environmental aspects

taking into consideration.

The final mine closure activities would start towards the end of mine life, and

may continue even after the reserves are exhausted and / or mining is discontinued

till the mining area is restored to an acceptable level to create a self sustained

ecosystem.

10.1.8 ASPECTS FOR PREPARATION OF MINE CLOSURE PLAN

The following points will be incorporated while preparing mine closure plan.

TECHNICAL ASPECTS

1. Mine description

2. Reason for closure

3. Land resource management

4. Management of top soil.

5. Management of wastes.

6. Management / decommissioning of infrastructure.

7. Management of disposal of mining machinery.

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ENVIRONMENTAL ASPECTS

1. Management of hydrology & hydrogeology during mine period and post

mining closure period.

2. Drainage arrangement for external OB dump.

3. Reclamation of dump(s) & adjoining areas.

4. Rehabilitation & resettlement.

5. Management of air quality.

SOCIAL ASPECTS

1. Redeployment of workforce

2. Management of community facilities

3. Management of association and consultation with stake holders.

SAFETY AND SECURITY ASPECTS

1. Safety management

2. Disaster management

3. Care and maintenance during temporary discontinuance

4. Management of fire

FINANCIAL ASPECTS

COST OF MINE CLOSURE INVOLVES

1. Cost of reclamation of mined out area.

2. Cost of air quality protection measure.

3. Decommissioning cost of infrastructure

4. Cost of safety & security

5. Socio-economic cost

6. Cost of organization for executing the closure activities.

7. Cost of post project monitoring for five years.

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10.1.8.1 TECHNICAL ASPECTS

10.1.8.1.1 MINE DESCRIPTION

It is a new mine.

Total Geological Reserve is 1895.43MT and extractable reserve is

1547.82 Mt.

Life of the mine is 38 years @ 50.0 Mty.

The proposed mining block represents presence of moderately flat

multiple coal seams with intermediate varying parting.

Shovel-dumper mining method is adopted for overburden removal and

partial coal extraction where surface miner can not access.

Surface-miner will be used for winning coal.

10.1.8.1.2 REASON FOR CLOSURE

1. Siarmal OCP will be closed after exhaustion of coal reserve.

2. Economic viability of coal. The mining operation may become unviable

due to high stripping ratio, increasing cost of fuel, electricity and wages.

3. Prohibitory order imposed by Directorate General of Mine Safety or any

other Statutory/ Legal authority.

4. Any natural calamity or earthquake etc.

5. Any Lock-out or Lay-off.

10.1.8.1.3 LAND RESOURCE MANAGEMENT

Table 10.1: Pre-mining Land Use (Area in Ha)

Sl. No

Item Forest (Ha.) Non-Forest

(Ha.) Total Area

(Ha.)


2. External OB Dump 17.40 368.68 386.08

3. Embankment 18.00 10.30 28.3

5. Safety zone 3.93 14.662 18.592

6. Infrastructure,Undisturbed Blasting Danger Zone incl future exp area

60.799 250.358 311.157


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10. Rail link from project to Jharsuguda

- 52.00 52.00

Outside mine lease area - 290.00 290.00

Table 10.2(a): Post- Mining Land use Pattern of ML/Project Area (Ha)

Sl.

No. Category

Land use (Area in Ha)

Planta-

tion

Water

body

Dip side

slope,

Active

dump &

haul road

Undis-

turbed

Built-up

area Total

1 Quarry excavation 966.0 67.0 513.32 -- -- 1546.32

2 Safety zone 18.59 -- -- -- -- 18.59

3 OB dumps (external) 386.08 -- -- -- -- 386.08

4 Embankment 18.0 -- -- -- 10.3 28.3

5 Infrastructure 8.00 -- -- -- 34.82 42.82

6

Blasting danger zone

& other future exp

area

74.41 -- -- 193.93 -- 268.34

A Mine Lease Area 1471.08 67.0 513.32 193.93 45.12 2290.45

7 Residential colony 14.00 -- -- -- 56.00 70.00

8 Resettlement site 28.00 -- -- -- 112.0 140.00

9 Diversion of road &

railway link 10.0 70.0 80.00

B Total Project Area 1523.08 67.0 513.32 193,93 283.12 2580.45

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Table 10.2(b): Post- Closure Land use Pattern of ML/Project Area (Ha)

Sl. No.

Land Use Category

Land use in Ha

Partially filled Left out void/

water body (Avg.

depth:155m)

Afforested /grass

carpetting

Land to be converted

for agriculture

(conceptual)

Undisturbed Built up

area Total

1. Quarry excavation area

549.69 409.99 586.64 -- 1546.32

2. Safety zone -- 18.59 -- -- 18.59

3. OB dump (external)

-- 386.08 -- -- 386.08

4. embankment - 18.0 -- 10.3 28.3

5. infrastructure -- 8.00 -- 34.82 42.82

6.

Blasting danger zone & other future exp area

-- 74.41 -- 193.93 268.34

Total : 549.69 915.07 586.64 239.05 2290.45

ALTERNATIVE USE OF RECLAIMED LAND

There are several options available for land use pattern of the reclaimed land.

The following factors have been considered for selection of appropriate land use

pattern:

Pre-mining land use pattern

Topsoil/sub-soil quality

Socio-economic parameters of the area

Availability of technology for land reclamation

Climatic conditions of the area

Local flora.

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The alternatives available for utilising the reclaimed land are :

Agricultural use

Afforestation

The option for using the reclaimed backfilled area for agricultural

purpose immediately is ruled out due to the following reasons :

The reclaimed land is very different from its pre-mining

conditions. It cannot sustain crops as the soil has poor

fertility status. So the agriculture may prove uneconomic

venture compared to afforestation.

The development of soil regime for agriculture will take a

considerable time.

Reclamation is proposed to be done progressively and

concurrently with mining operation. Carrying out agriculture

within mining activity area by releasing reclaimed area in a

phase-wise manner, may not be advisable from safety point

of view.

In view of the above, it is suggested to utilise the reclaimed land for

afforestation purpose which will help improve the soil status i.e texture

and nutrient levels, etc.

LAND RECLAMATION

Land reclamation will be carried in two phases :

(1) Physical & technical reclamation.

(2) Biologically reclamation.

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Table 10.3: Stage-wise Land use and reclaimation Plan

(Area in Ha)

Sl. No.

Land use category

1st 5th 10th 15th 25th 30th 34-38th Total

year year year year year year year

1 Backfilled area (Reclaimed with Plantation)

0.00 0.00 0.00 80.00 174.00 55.00 100.99 409.99

1(a) Backfilled area (Reclaimed with grass carpeting)

586.64

586.64

2 Excavated area (not reclaimed)/ void

549.69 549.69

3 External OB dump (Reclaimed with grass carpeting)*

0.00 0.00 192.00 20.00 18.00 70.00 86.08 386.08

4 Reclaimed Top Soil dump

Concurrently Reclaimed in Backfilled & External Dump Area 0.00

5 Green Belt area (Safety zone)

24.00 46.50 22.50 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 93.00

6

Undisturbed area (Brought under Plantation) (Rationalisation of project boundary)

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

7 Roads (Avenue Plantation)

6.00 6.00 6.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 18.00

8

Area around buildings (R&R site and Residential Colony) and Infrastructure

20.00 20.00 20.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 60.00

Total 50.00 72.50 240.50 100.00 192.00 125.00 1323.4 2103.4

At the time of closure 239.05 Ha land will remain as undistubed builtup area within Mine lease and

238.0 Ha outside lease area.

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Table 10.4: Stagewise Cumulative plantation

Year Green Belt External Dump Backfilled Others

(Undisturbed area)

Total

Area in Ha

No. of Trees

Area in Ha

No. of Trees

Area in Ha

No. of Trees

Area in Ha

No. of Trees

Area in Ha

No. of Trees

1 24.0 60,000 ---

---

26.00 64400 50 1,24,400

3 24.0 60,000 --- --- 13.00 32200 37 92,200

5 22.5 56,250 --- --- 13.00 32200 35.5 88,450

10 22.5 56,250

386.08*

Grass carpeting

will be done

--- 26.00 64400 48.5 1,20,650

15 ---

80.00 200000 --- 80.00 200000

20 --- 100.00 250000 ---

100.00 250000

25 --- 74.00 185000 --- 74.00 185000

30 --- 55.00 137500 --- 55.00 137500

34 --- 55.00 137500 --- 55.00 137500

35-38 --- 45.99 114975 --- 45.99 114975

Total 93.0 2,32,500 386.08 --- 409.99 1024975 78 193200 580.99 14,50,675 *External OB dump area 386.08 Ha not included in cumulative plantation.

I. Technical reclamation

External OB dumping

The face of slope of external dump will be maintained at the natural angle of

repose and at overall slope angle of 26o. Once the external dump will reach its

predetermined level, top surface shall be leveled and graded. Gradiant of surface

shall be maintained less than 2% i.e. very gently slopping to prevent standage of

water. Drainage arrangement will be provided for smooth disposal of storm water to

avoid gully formation. Garland drains shall be provided around the external dump to

collect run off sedimentation ponds one to be provided in order to avoid silt.

Backfilling and Levelling of internal dump

Major part of the quarry will be backfilled with overburden. The backfilling will

be carried out in a phased manner. Once the backfilling has reached a certain

predetermined reduced level, the plots will be levelled, graded and cleared of large

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stone pieces lying on the surface. The slope of the ground will be made very gentle

as far as possible (preferably less than 2%). The graded and levelled area will be

divided into small sectors and small check bunds will be constructed to retain

moisture and humus in the soil. The outer slope of each bench will be kept at the

natural angle of repose of the spoil material and at overall slope angle of 26O

considering all benches.

II. Biological reclamation

For successful biological reclamation of the reclaimed area, preference will be

given to endemic species and mixed culture. The species will be selected carefully

from the following groups for quick reclamation :

Nitrogen fixing tree species for fuel wood, timber and fodder

Fruit bearing tree species

Tree species with dense foliage for shade

Flowering and ornamental tree species.

Quarry and Internal Dumps

Having backfilled the decoaled area with overburden, internal dumps will be

reclaimed and then revegetated. The remaining void in the quarry will be developed

as water harvesting structure as well as public utility lagoon which will serve

following purposes :

Source of supply of water for industrial and fire fighting purposes.

Source of supply of potable water after necessary treatment.

A place of bathing and washing for the local population.

For recharging the aquifer in the area.

For such purposes, the pathway to the reservoir is gently graded and

the depth of water is limited.

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Table 10.5: Area For Reclamation

Area in Ha

(i) Land to be disturbed due to excavation : 1546.32

(ii) Area to be reclaimed after backfilling : 996.63

(a) Area to be technically reclaimed with grass carpeting and to be converted for agriculture (conceptual)

: 586.64

(b) Area to be biologically reclaimed : 409.99

Table 10.6: Financial Outlay

Sl. No.

Particulars Area in Ha Cost per Ha (Rs. Lakh)

Total cost (Rs. Lakh)

1. Biological reclamation 409.99 10.00 4099.90

2. Block Plantation 93.00 11.25 1046.25

3. Other undisturbed 60.00 11.25 675.00

Running km Cost per Running km

4. Anenue Plantation 18.00 10.8 194.40

Total : 6015.55

10.1.8.1.4 MANAGEMENT OF TOPSOIL

Topsoil is the top portion of the soil cover ranging in depth from 50-350

mm. It is the dark coloured (though it may not be true always due to the influence of

parent rock), rich in active and decomposed organic material mixed with fine mineral

particles with only small agglomoration. The nature takes above 100 years or more to

build about 25mm of top soil.

Constituents of Topsoil:

It is the zone of eluviation which represents the top soil and easily

distinguished physically from other horizon by its colour, texture and a thick

accumulation of organic vegetative matter. In case of Intrazonal and Azonal soils, A-

Horizon is not distinct although these soils possess topsoil. The constituents of top

soil are:

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i) Plant Leaves and debris.

ii) Semi-Decomposed and decomposed organic material (humus) solution

of organic and carbonic acids.

iii) Inorganic elements like Nirogen, Phosphorus, Potasium, Magnesium,

Boron, Sulphur, Iron, Copper etc.

iv) Micro-Organisms like microscopic bacteriam Fungi, Protozoa,

earthworms etc.

Formation of Topsoil

The biotic factors or Biological processes play the Vital role in the formation

of Top soil. The factors responsible for the formation are:

i) Vegetation: The fallen leaves and the decayed vegetation contribute

directly in the formation of himus. Further plants helpto maintain fertility

by bringing inorganic minerals from the lower layers.

ii) Micro-organisms: The microscopic bacteria , fungi, protozoa etc help

directly in converting plants and animal remains into humus. Again

these organisms become a part of the humus after death. Some

microbacteria transforms atmospheric nitrogen into Nitrates and

increase the Fertility.

iii) Animals: The excreta of the burrowing type animals helps in the

development of the topsoil. The ants and termites bring the soil from

lower horizon to the surface. Similarly the earthworms contribute in

mixing the organic renains with the minerals and then bring them to the

surface.

Formation of Topsoil: Why preservation and Reuse of Topsoil?

Biological activity is a good indicator of the health of topsoil. To maintain

maximum level of this activity, its preservation is highly essential. The topsoil is

physically well textured , chemically highly fertile and biologically hughly active. The

reuse of it is suggested due to following:

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i) Humus yields organic acids which assist soil solution.

ii) It produces plant food i.e. Phosphorous, Calcium, Potassium, Nitrogen

etc.

iii) It retain soil moisture besides providing the desired arrangement of soil

structure favourably for plant growth.

General depth of soil in :

Its depth depends on following:

i) Physiography.

ii) Climatic conditions like temperature, rainfall etc.

iii) The uses to which the land has been put before.

In a mining block it is necessary to have a close soil survey to determine its

depth. From the soil analysis available the approaximate depth of the topsoil of

various mining blocks of Ib Coalfield is given below:

Name of the Block Approax. Depth of

topsoil (mm) Topsoil texture Rematk

Kulda 200-250 Sandy/Sandy Loam The depth varies from location

to location in an area and to

be determined at specific site

before stripping,

Basundhara 250-300

Sandy

Loam/

Loam

Storage and preservation of topsoil:

Topsoil undergo many changes during preservation. These are:

(A) Changes in topsoil due to storage.

i) Stockpiling has profound affects on the physicochemical and biological

properties.

ii) Biological activity diteriorates after 3 to 6 months of storage.

iii) Stockpiling reduces organic content and affects the organic compound

concerned in soil aggravation.

iv) Aggregate stability is reduced to some extent due to storage.

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v) Following three zones are developed in the topsoil mound during

storage:

Aerobic zones: Soil is active in this zone

Transition zone: Fluctuates between predominantly aerobic and

anaerobic status.

This zone is inactive and low in buological activity as well as

organic content.

(B) Methology of Stripping: The method of stripping should be normally by

the scrappers only. The routing of scrappers during this operation must

be planned to mininmise the travel of machines to avoid compaction

and damage of soil structure. Furtherm careful control of operation is

necessary to ensure planned stripping depths of the topsoil and sub-

soil. These soils should be stripped and stored separately. Intermingling

of these soils during stripping is not a good practice.

(C) It is essential that topsoil stripping is carried out when it is as dry as

possible to reduce the risk of compaction and damage to the soil

structure by smearing and remoulding. Prolonged rainfall is unsuitable.

The best part of the year is when evapo-transportation exceeds

precipitation i.e during the months of March-September.

(D) Geometry of Topsoil Heap: The heap should be constructed to facilitate

the following:

To provide the maximum surface area for mantaining greater level

of Biological activity.

To have slopes capable of sustaining vegetation to avoid erosion

and gully formation.

Space constraints imposed by the site factors and soil texture would

generally dictate the overll size and shape of the heap. As a rule of the thumb,

the following stack geometry may be mantained as far as possible to preserve

the topsoil and increase the shelf life.

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a) Height:

i) 4.0m (Max) for sand soil

ii) 2.0 to 3.0 for loamy soil

iii) 1.0 for heavy clayey soil

iv) 0.5 to 1.0 for intermediate soil texture.

b) Slope:

Wide slope of 1 in 3 (i.e 18.50 to the horizontal)

If there is constraint in the availability od area, one or both pof the

following strategies can be adopted:

ALT-I

An acoustic barrier of topsoil may be constructed in the safety zone

near the working face. When the working face advances , the embankment

away from it may be reclaimed and respread over the subsoil of the

technically reclaimed area. This would abate the noise pollution besides

noise preservation of topsoil and reduction of thr demand on the land

requirement.

ALT-II

Intial topsoil may be spread over the area to be mined. When the scope

for progressive reclaimation is available, the respread topsoil along with the

insitu one may be stripped carefully and utilised. This method would also

preserve the topsoil and reduce the demand on landintake.

E) It is advisable to avoid the topsoil storage, specifically the longterm one.

However if storage is unavoidable upon completion of the surface of the

heap, the following steps are to be followed to keep the soil in good

health and to increase its shelf life.

a) Surface ripping with suitable sub-soiling machine for the purpose of

aeration and relieving surface compaction.

b) Immediate cultivation of suitable low maintanance species like dwarf

grasses to prevent erosion and guily formation.

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c) Maintenance of surface vegetation actively by seeding, mowing, and

weed control operation.

Topsoil Carpeting

The following golden rules need to be observed:

i) Overburden, sub-soil and topsoil should be respread to correct

sequence putting the topsoil on the top of the back filled area.

ii) Top soil should be respread over the restoration area at an even depth

so as to achieve the final level and suitable configuration for drainage.

iii) As far as possible progressive top soil reclaimation technique should be

practised. The topsoil from the area lying just ahead of the advancing

opencast mine edge should be scrapped off by scrapper and

immediately placed over the technically reclaimed area.

iv) Compaction of topsoil after respreading over reclaimed area should be

avoided by properly planning the movement of Earth Moving Machinery

and carrying ou the operation in dry period only.

v) If topsoil is to be reclaimed from the heap for spread in the backfilled

area and OB dump area, the reclaimation should be planned in such a

wat that materials from aerobic , transition and anaerobic zones are

takem simultaneously. The above zones should not be taken out

separately as it is essntial to use the active surface layer as ‘inoculum’

during soil respreading to recover the inactive portion of the mound as

quickly as possible.

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10.1.8.1.5 MANAGEMENT OF WASTES

NON-TOXIC SOLID WASTE

The solid wastes (2269.69 Mm3) generated from the mine during the coal production

are non-hazardous and non-toxic in nature. The above solid wastes will be disposed by

backfilling the mined out area and then revegetating without causing any siltation problem on

surface water bodies.

TOXIC WASTES

Toxic wastes like used oil, used batteries, oily sludge, besides filter and filter

materials containing oil during maintenance of vehicles will be generated from this project.

Used oil will be stored in drums safely in store either for disposal through auction to

the authorized reprocessors or for use as lubricant in U/G mines. Used batteries will be

stored safely for auction to the authorized reprocessors. As regards oily sludge besides filter

and filter materials, the same will be disposed off in impervious layer lined pits without

causing environmental hazards.

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Table 10.7: Dumping Schedule

OB INTERNAL BACKFILLING IN EXT DUMP EXT DUMP1 EXT DUMP2 EMBANK- TEMP. EXT REHANDLING

YEAR REMOVAL DUMP BASUNDHARA (to be rehandled (to be rehandled (to be rehandled -MENT DUMP IN OF EXT DUMP

during expansion) during expansion) during expansion) QUARRY-2 IN QUARRY-2

(in Mcum) (in Mcum) (in Mcum) (in Mcum) (in Mcum) (in Mcum) (in Mcum) (in Mcum) (in Mcum)

1 3.73 3.73 3.38 0.35

2 4.78 4.78 4.43 0.35

3 4.78 4.78 4.38 0.40

4 12.03 12.03 11.62 0.41

5 23.87 23.87 23.87

6 26.92 26.92 26.92

7 37.22 17.22 20.00 10.00 10.00

8 49.67 25.00 24.67 4.65 20.02

9 60.00 25.00 35.00 35.00

10 66.56 17.00 9.96 39.60 39.60

11 66.56 25.00 41.56 41.56

12 66.56 35.00 31.56 10.00 21.56

13 65.59 40.00 25.59 10.00 15.59

14 65.59 45.00 20.59 10.07 10.52

15 66.56 50.00 16.56 16.56

16 72.03 55.00 17.03 17.03

17 77.50 60.00 17.50 17.50

18 77.74 64.94 12.80 12.80

19 77.74 77.74

20 79.35 79.35

21 51.76 51.76

22 51.76 51.76

23 58.56 58.56

24 56.74 56.74

25 89.60 89.60

26 89.16 89.16

27 94.62 94.62

28 94.94 94.94

29 89.45 112.86 -23.41 23.41

30 93.31 112.87 -19.56 19.56

31 93.29 112.86 -19.57 19.57

32 93.30 112.87 -19.57 19.57

33 87.08 110.60 -23.52 23.52

34 70.15 96.36 -26.21 26.21

35 67.95 94.15 -26.20 26.2

36 43.15 58.88 -15.73 15.73

37 35.26 45.74 -10.48 10.48

38 4.83 14.43 -9.60 9.6

TOTAL 2269.69 2007.79 77.18 184.72 89.25 93.96 1.51 193.85 193.85

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10.1.8.1.6 MANAGEMENT / DECOMMISSIONING OF INFRASTRUCTURE

All equipment and buildings erected on site for the mining operation should be

dismantled and removed as part of the reclamation process, unless they form part of the future

land use infrastructure. All these activities will not be taken up after phase-I as remaining

portion will be taken up for mining as phase-II.

BUILDINGS/ ADMINISTRATION OFFICES

Buildings shall be constructed to last depending on the anticipated life of the mine

operation. Buildings for short term use should preferably be prefabricated structures that can

be easily dismantled at the time of closure and reclamation. Such structures should be totally

removed from the site and may be disposed of at an approved facility or reused elsewhere.

Foundations comprised of concrete should be broken up, buried or removed in accordance

with applicable waste management regulations.

WEIGHBRIDGE

Fixed equipment and structures such as weigh scales may also have concrete pads or

footings and these should be broken up, buried on site or removed in accordance with

applicable waste management regulations.

SUB STATIONS/POWER LINES

All power lines, cables, towers and guy wires should be removed as well as any

concrete footings or slabs where appropriate. If access roads were necessary for construction

or decommissioning of power lines, they should be ripped and revegetated.

ROADS

Access and on-site roads should be properly designed and constructed as part of the

initial operating plan to minimize adverse environmental effects and facilitate reclamation. In

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the operating plan, roads should fit the topography to minimize unnecessary earth moving for

road cuttings and embankments. All culverts and drains should be removed and original

drainage restored as much as possible in accordance with future land use planning.

10.1.8.1.7 MANAGEMENT OF DISPOSAL OF MINING MACHINERY

All the P&M will be reused in dipside mine or other projects of the company after the

mine closure , in case not useful for company then Possibility shall be explored for handing

over to state Govt. (including residential & non-residential buildings) for the benefit of local

villagers and strengthening the area infrastructures. The end use of these facilities shall be

decided by State Govt. with the help of local Govt. and village Panchayat.

a) DISPOSAL OR REUSE OF EXISTING HEMM, CHP AND WORKSHOP

HEMMs which will have balance life may be deployed in dipside mine or some other

project of the company if possible, or otherwise will be disposed off. CHP, workshop at the

end of mine life will be dismantled and disposed off. Every effort will be made to restore the

area to economic utilisation value as per the mine closure plan.

b) DISPOSAL OR REUSE OF TRANSMISSION AND SUBSTATION

The transmission line and substation will be used by neighbouring mines or local

community. The transmission line and transformers will be dismantled and removed from the

site if not required for purposeful use by the local community or nearby mines.

10.1.8.1.18 CONTROL MEASURES TO RESTORE LAND USE & LANDSCAPE

The face slopes of the dump will be maintained at the natural angle of repose of

the material and at overall slope angle of 26o.

The newly backfilled area may be covered with suitable grass plants, plantation

for bigger trees should be avoided as all these dumps will be rehandled while

extraction of lower seams.

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Suitable drainage arrangement for smooth disposal of storm water.


Topsoil shall be progressively and concurrently utilized during physical/ technical

reclamation of external OB dumps and backfilled area, thus obviating the

necessity of storage of topsoil separately.

Arboriculture carried out in the vacant areas which will not be mined in future.

Proper grass carpeting/afforestation/plantation is carried out for greenbelt

development.

10.1.8.2 ENVIRONMENTAL ASPECTS

10.1.8.2.1 MANAGEMENT OF HYDROLOGY & HYDROGEOLOGY DURING

MINING PERIOD AND POST MINING CLOSURE PERIOD

During mining period

Assessment of hydrology and hydro-geology of the area

Investigations have been carried out in and around the area

comprising of core and buffer zones of this project. The matter has

been dealt.

Estimation of ground water availability of the area

Ground water availability of the area comprising of core and buffer

zones of this project has been assessed.

Water demand, dewatering of the mine and waste water

management

The above details have been given in this report.

Impact of the mine on ground water and surface water

The impacts have been assessed and given in this report.

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During post-mine closure period

Surface flow pattern of precipitation run-off and mine water has been

discussed in this report.

The detailed report has been given in Chapter 4 Para 4.2.

Management of Recharge Areas

Mining operation of this project will create voids or depressions, which

will induce / accelerate rainfall recharge and decrease run-off in the

mining area. Maximum effort will be made to recycle or reuse the

treated mine discharge water totally to the extent possible by keeping

the make of water in different sumps or low lying areas of the mine.

The remaining water will be discharged to the natural drainage for

ground water recharge in the same basin. The final voids of the quarry

will be left as a water reservoir for water harvesting and also recharging

the aquifer in the surrounding area.

Acceptable surface and ground water flows

The drainage arrangement for smooth disposal of storm water from OB

dump will be made to avoid gully formation on the dump body and also

siltation problem of the nearby natural drains.

10.1.8.2.2 DRAINAGE ARRANGEMENT FOR EXTERNAL OB DUMP & FOR

INTERNAL DUMP

DRAINAGE ARRANGEMENT FOR OB DUMPS

CATCH DRAIN

An open drain of appropriate size will be provided on all terraces at the

foot of next bench to receive the storm water from upper benches. This

will be discharged to the lower benches through masonry chute, thus

minimizing gully formation in the slope of external dump.

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FOOT DRAIN

A foot drain of proper size will be provided around the OB dump. This

drain collects run-off from dump and direct it to settling

tank/sedimentation pond before discharge to nearby natural water

courses.

DRAINAGE ARRANGEMENT FOR INTERNAL OB DUMP

The drainage arrangements for precipitation run-off are as follows :

During working stage, the run-off will be collected from internal dump by

foot drain for diverting to mine sump for pumping.

In the post-mining period, the drainage pattern of the reclaimed area will

be such that the run-off will be diverted to final void of the quarry which

will be developed as a water reservoir for water harvesting and also

recharging the aquifer in the surrounding area.

There is an intricate relationship between surface water and ground water. In

the monsoon period, till the aquifer attains its original ground water level, surface

water bodies like stream, ponds & lakes recharge the aquifer. As soon as ground

water recoups and attains its level, it contributes again to surface water bodies. After

post-monsoon period, this process is reversed again as ground water level gets

lowered from the original level.

The mine dewatering brings down ground water level in the immediate

vicinity of the mine. Maximum effort will be made to recycle or reuse the treated mine

discharge water totally to the extent possible by keeping the make up water in

different sumps or low lying areas of the project. In unusual situations during

monsoon, mine discharge water will be allowed to go as recharge/run-off in the same

basin of the area.

As such, this area is having an average annual rainfall of 1270mm. This

rainfall replenishes the annual ground water draft every year. This will enhance the

recharge of the aquifer in the area for mitigating the lowering of ground water level in

the area surrounding the mine.

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During working stage, the run-off is collected from internal dump by foot

drain for diverting to mine sump for pumping.

In the post-mining period, the drainage pattern of the reclaimed area will

be such that the run-off will be diverted to final void of the quarry as a

measure for water harvesting.

10.1.8.2.3 REHABILITATION & RESETTLEMENT

Rehabilitation & Resettlement details has been given in Chapter 7.

10.1.8.2.4 MANAGEMENT OF AIR QUALITY

Air Quaility Impact Prediction has been done using AERMOD software

and it has observed that with control measures the predicted absolute values of PM10

and PM2.5 levels is well within the permissible limit.

Appropriate air control measures will be adopted to maintain the ambient

air quality within the stipulated standard. The control measures will be adopted for


coal handling plant, fires at coalfaces and coal stock yard, OB dump(s) and workshop

and stores, etc.

10.1.8.3 SOCIAL ASPECTS

10.1.8.3.1 REDEPLOYMENT OF WORKFORCE

Redeployment of workforce after completion of mine will be made in the

expansion and nearby mines in the Ib Coalfields.

10.1.8.3.2 MANAGEMENT OF COMMUNITY FACILITIES

The peripheral village community facilities developed by the Mine Authority

will be handed over to the Local Body / State Govt. for management.

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10.1.8.3.3 MANAGEMENT OF ASSOCIATION AND CONSULTATION WITH

STAKE HOLDERS

The effective implementation of the mine closure plan requires detailed

consultation with stake holders like employee, trade union, mine related business,

state and central govt. agencies, etc. Association and consultation of different stake

holders will make them actively involved, and thus smooth mine closure operation

may be possible.

10.1.8.4 SAFETY & SECURITY ASPECTS

10.1.8.4.1 DISASTER MANAGEMENT

These aspects have been dealth in this report in detail.

10.1.8.4.2 CARE AND MAINTENANCE DURING TEMPORARY

DISCONTINUANCE

The guidelines/instructions from DGMS will be followed in case of

discontinuance of mine operation, if any.

10.1.8.4.3 MANAGEMENT OF FIRE

The measures for management of fire at coal faces in the mine and coal

stockyard as given in the Chapter-VII of this report, will be adopted / to be adopted

and there will be no safety hazards for the neighbouring community after the mine

closure.

10.1.8.4.4 SAFETY MANAGEMENT

Special precaution should be taken while deploying workers in the mine.

Before employing any labour in the mine proper vocational training should be

imparted and recommendations of the latest Safety Conference should be strictly

followed. Management for deployment of labours by outside agency shall fix terms

and conditions. Some of the major aspects are as follows:

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A) FOR PERSONS

i) No persons shall be deployed unless he is trained at VTC

ii) Records in Form-B, Form-D shall be maintained.

iii) Records of Vocational training Certificate and driving license of

operators shall be kept by HEMM outsourcing agency and shall be

made readily available for inspection by management.

iv) No person shall be employed unless person holds VTC certificate and

Management is informed. A record of it shall be maintained.

v) Qualified competent persons shall maintain adequate supervision.

vi) Outside agency shall follow safety guidelines and safety instruction from

Project Authorities.

B) FOR MACHINERIES AS RECOMMENDED BY DGMS CIR. (TECH.) 1

OF 1999.

i) All the machineries to be deployed in mines should be checked before

deployment by competent authority.

ii) Regular checking of m/c deployed by outside agency shall be done. No

unfit machine shall be deployed before the defect is rectified.

iii) A proper record of repair and maintenance along with inspection done

by management and defect pointed out shall be maintained and signed

by authorized person.

iv) The trucks deployed outside agency shall be provided with Audio

visual alarms, proper light for use at night and period when natural light

is not sufficient. Also audio-visual alarms for reversing on trucks shall be

provided.

C) OTHER PRECAUTIONS FOR MACHINE

i) RTO certificate photo copies of all vehicles shall be submitted to

management

ii) Daily welding, monitoring, inspection shall be done by the agency’s

mechanic as directed by management.

iii) Machine manufacturers should be asked to give risk analysis details in

respect machines deployed by outside agencies.

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iv) Suitable type of the fire extinguishers shall be provided in every

machine.

v) General:

vi) No person/vehicle shall be deployed at any place other than authorised

place.

vii) All worker should obey lawful instruction of mine management.

viii) Risk management Plan shall be made and implemented.

ix) All driver shall obey systematic traffics rules prepared by management

x) Before deploying workers they must be trained and briefed about safety

aspects in opencast mine. However, during course of execution of the

work, if any accident occurs whether major or minor, the matter shall

have to be immediately informed to mine management i.e. Colliery

Manager/Agent/GM of the area so that Notices of accidents in a

accordance of (Reg.9 of CMR 1957) and Section 23 of Mines Act 1952

may be given and other necessary steps may be taken in accordance

with the Mines Act 1952.

xi) Outside agency shall operate transport system in such a way so as to

minimize pollution in the mine.

STABILITY OF BENCHES, QUARRY HIGHWALLS AND SPOIL DUMPS:

During quarry operations, it is necessary to adopt required mining parameters

for the stability of benches, high walls and spoil dumps. It is also mandatory to

examine systematically the fencing of mine workings, landslides and cracks

between benches. It is required to maintain well-graded and wide roads on benches

keeping the width of working areas sufficient for spreading of blasted rock and

movement of the mining and transport equipment. During actual mining operation,

systematic observations of the conditions of benches high wall slopes and spoil

dumps should be carried out and the dimensions be modified if necessary to suit the

local conditions.

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PRECAUTIONS AGAINST DANGER OF INUNDATION FROM SURFACE

WATER

1) A careful assessment is to be made against the danger from surface

water before on the onset of rainy seasons. The necessary precautions

should be clearly laid down and implemented. A garland drain needs to

be provided to drain away the surface rainwater from coming into the

mine.

2) Inspections for any accumulation of rainwater, obstruction in normal

drainage and weakening in embankment.

3) Standing order; for withdrawal of working persons in case of

apprehended danger.

4) During heavy rain inspection of vulnerable points is essential. In case of

any danger persons are to be withdrawn to safer places.

5) Nallah or water inlets may be diverted or isolated by embankments/if so

required.

PREVENTIONS OF FLOODING OF EQUIPMENT DEPLOYED AT

BOTTOM HORIZONS

During the heavy monsoon period, the mining operation in the lower-most

bench may have to be stopped. Therefore, it is proposed to drawn the lowest bench,

which would work as a sump. The water will be pumped out and discharged into the

drain through settling tank. For ensuring safety of the equipment while working out

horizons with no access to surface profile, the following measures should be taken:

1) Drivage of initial trenches and coal cutting benches should be done

during the dry period of the year.

2) Ramps should be made for quick shifting of equipment from bottom

horizons, liable to be flooded during monsoon period, to the top

horizons.

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PREVENTION OF ELECTRIC SHOCKS

During mining operations, all the statutory provisions of the Indian Electricity

Rules 1956, and the Indian Standards for installation and maintenance of electrical

equipment etc. should be observed.

1) For protection from electric shocks to persons, from electrical

equipment with high voltage, Earth Leakage Relay should be provided

which will automatically disconnect electrical circuits.

2) Closed mobile substations and switchgears should be mechanically

interlocked which exclude the possibility of opening the door when oil

switch and air circuit breaks are in operation.

3) All metal parts of electrical equipment should be properly earthed to

avoid failure of insulation.

4) All H.T. lines and cables located within the blasting zones should be

disconnected during blasting operations.

DUST SUPPRESSION & DILUTION OF EXHAUST FUMES

The following measures should be adopted for dust suppression at all quarry

working places, dumps, haul roads, CHP and near auxiliary mining operations:

1) Spraying with water on all working faces & haul roads, by special

spraying machines or water-sprinkler.

2) While drilling holes, it is necessary to use dust extraction devices.

3) Installation of local dust suppression and air conditioning devices in

cabins of excavators and drilling rigs may be considered.

4) Levelling of spoil dump surface.

5) Separate dust suppression arrangement should be provided for CHP.

To prevent collection of harmful mixture in the atmosphere, from the different

sections of quarry working, it is recommended:-

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1) To spread out the sources of dust formation and omission of harmful

gases throughout the working area of the quarry.

2) Drilling & blasting operations should be timed for periods of maximum

wind activity during the day.

3) Dumpers may be provided with purifiers for exhaust gases.

MEASURES TO BE TAKEN FOR FIRE FIGHTING AND FIRE

PREVENTION

In addition to statutory provisions, the measures for firefighting and

prevention of fires are as follows:

1) Organization of special cell for systematic observations to examine and

prevent fire.

2) Removal of spillage of coal on benches and cleaning of coal horizons to

prevent cases of coal heating.

3) Storage of lubricants and cotton waste in enclosed fireproof containers

in working places.

4) Provisions of fire extinguishers

MEASURES TO BE TAKEN WHILE DRILLING BLASTING

Following measures should be taken while drilling and blasting operations in

the quarry:

1) Drilling and Blasting in quarry should be done in accordance with the

provisions of Mines Safety Act, rules and regulations.

2) Adequate safety measures have to be taken during blasting operation in

the quarry so that men/machine are not affected.

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10.1.8.5 FINANCIAL ASPECTS

COST OF EXECUTING THE MINE CLOSURE ACTIVITIES AND POST-

PROJECT MONITORING

Activity wise Progressive & Final Mine Closure cost distribution is given

below:

S.No ACTIVITY

Mine Closure Cost

(percentage weightage)

Remarks

A Dismantling of Structures To be included in final

mine closure plan

Service Buildings 0.2

Residential Buildings 2.67

Industrial structures like CHP, Workshop, field sub-station,

etc. 0.3

B Permanent Fencing of mine void and other dangerous

area

To be included in final mine closure plan

Random rubble masonry of height 1.2 metre including

leveling up in cement concrete 1:6:12 in mud

mortar

1.5

C Grading of highwall slopes To be included in final

mine closure plan

Levelling and grading of

highwall slopes 1.77

D OB Dump Reclamation

Handling/Dozing of OB Dump

and backfilling 88.66

71% for progressive and 17.66% for final

mine closure.

Technical and Bio-

reclamation including plantation and post care.

0.4 Equal weightage

throughout the life of the mine.

E Landscaping

Landscaping of the open space in leasehold area for

improving its esthetics an eco value

0.3 Equal weightage


F Plantation

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S.No ACTIVITY

Mine Closure Cost

(percentage weightage)

Remarks

Plantation over cleared area obtained after dismantling

0.5 To be included in final

mine closure plan

Plantation around the quarry

area and in safety zone 0.2

Equal weightage throughout the life of

the mine.

Plantation over the external

OB Dump 0.02


the mine.

G Post Closure Env.

Monitoring / testing of parameters for three years

For three years after

mine closure

Air Quality 0.22

Water Quality 0.2

H

Entrepreneurship Development

(Vocational/skill development training for

sustainable income of affected people

0.26 Equal weightage


I Miscellaneous and other

mitigative measures 2.0


the mine.

J Post Closure Manpower

cost for supervision 0.8

To be included in final mine closure plan

TOTAL 100.00

MINE CLOSURE COST

As per estimate and guidelines of Ministry of Coal the closure cost of open cast Mine

has been calculated at Rs.6 Lakhs per hectare at the declared price level (August

2009) for the whole project area (which includes Mining Lease area, area covered by

external overburden dumps, Pit head Mine Infrastructures). The August 2009

wholesale price index for all commodities was 129.6 based on base year of 2004-05.

However recently base year has been revised to 2011-12 as per press release of

Office of economic advisor, Ministry of Commerce & Industry Govt. of India dated 12

May 2017. As per this circular the linking factor to be adopted for conversion of base

year from 2004-05 to 2011-12 is 1.561 for all commodities. Present provisional WPI

for month of Nov 2017 is 116.3 with base year 2011-12. Same has been linked to

base year 2004-05 as per linking factor and guidelines provided in above circular.

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Updated cost of mine closure on Nov 2017 cost base (WPI: 116.3) is

estimated to be Rs. 8.4048287 lakh/Ha.

Total Project area involved : 2580.45 Ha

Mine closure cost/Ha : Rs. 8.4048287 lakhs

Total Mine closure cost : Rs. 21688.2402 lakhs

PHASING OF MINE CLOSURE COST

The annual closure cost is to be computed considering the total project area and

dividing the same by the life of the mine. An amount equal to the annual cost is to be

deposited each year throughout the mine life compounded @ 5% annually.

Total mine closure cost estimated : Rs.21688.2402 lakhs

Total mine life : 38 years

Out of the total 38 years last 5 years are for final implementation of final mine

closure activities, for annual cost calculations 38 years period has been considered:

Annual mine closure amount to be deposited with Coal Controller:

Rs. 21688.2402 lakhs/38 years = Rs.570.7432 lakhs per year.

Yearly phasing of mine closure cost is as below:

Table 10.8 (Yr-1 is considered as 2019-20)

Year Mine closure cost (Rs. in lakh)

Yr-1 570.7432

Yr-2 599.2803

Yr-3 629.2443

Yr-4 660.7066

Yr-5 693.7419

Yr-6 728.4290

Yr-7 764.8504

Yr-8 803.0929

Yr-9 843.2476

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Year Mine closure cost (Rs. in lakh)

Yr-10 885.4100

Yr-11 929.6805

Yr-12 976.1645

Yr-13 1024.9727

Yr-14 1076.2214

Yr-15 1130.0324

Yr-16 1186.5340

Yr-17 1245.8607

Yr-18 1308.1538

Yr-19 1373.5615

Yr-20 1442.2395

Yr-21 1514.3515

Yr-22 1590.0691

Yr-23 1669.5726

Yr-24 1753.0512

Yr-25 1840.7037

Yr-26 1932.7389

Yr-27 2029.3759

Yr-28 2130.8447

Yr-29 2237.3869

Yr-30 2349.2563

Yr-31 2466.7191

Yr-32 2590.0550

Yr-33 2719.5578

Yr-34 2855.5357

Yr-35 2998.3124

Yr-36 3148.2281

Yr-37 3305.6395

Yr-38 3470.9214

TOTAL 61474.4870

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Total estimated mine closure cost compounded @5% annually for 38

years is Rs. 61474.4870 lakhs.

The mine closure cost will be deposited as per guidelines issued by Ministry

of Coal vide letter No. 55011-01-2009-CPAM, Dt.7/1/2013.

RELEASE OF FUND FOR MINE CLOSURE

As per the mine closure rule up to 80% of the total deposited amount

including interest accrued in the ESCROW account may be released after every five

years in the line with the periodic examination of the Closure Plan.

10.2 POST-OPERATIONAL STAGE LAND USE PLAN LANDSCAPE

Pre Mining and post mining land use has already been discussed in para

10.1.8.1.3.

10.2.1 MANAGEMENT OF INFRASTRUCTURE

Industrial Structures

As far as possible, industrial structures will be utilised by the adjacent

projects. However, if these structures are not found fit at the end of mine life, the

same will be dismantled and salvaged. The equipment will be removed and used

somewhere else. Every effort will be made to restore the area to economic utilisation

value as per the mine closure plan.

Service Buildings and Colony

In association with the appropriate agencies (Central/State/Social

Organisation), these buildings will be utilised for some beneficial purposes to be

identified for mine closure planning during one year before closure of the mine. The

vacant land within the leasehold area will be afforested and made fit for purposeful

usage.

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10.3 CONTROL MEASURES FOR TRAFFIC MOVEMENT

The following control measures are adopted and shall be continued:

Frequent water sprinkling on haul roads and coal transportation roads.

Plantation on both sides of the roads on the surface.

Proper maintenance of road to remove ruts and potholes.

Proper illumination of roads including haul road.

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Chapter – 11

SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION

11.1 PURPOSE OF THE REPORT

The proposed Siarmal OCP is located in north-western central part of Ib

River coalfield of Odisha, known as Gopalpur sector. This coalfield is the southern

middle part of lower Gondwana basin of Son Mahanadi Valley and occupies an

area of about 1460 sq.km. with potential coal bearing area of around 1050 sq.km.

The Ib River coalfield lies in between latitude 21o31’ to 22o14’ North and longitude

83o32’00” to 84o10’00” East and falls mainly in Sundergarh, Jharsuguda and

Sambalpur districts of Odisha.

The proposed Siarmal OCP has been formulated within Siarmal & Siarmal

Extension block and Banapatra (also known as Western Extension of Siarmal)

block in the Gopalpur Sector of Ib-valley coalfield. Both are virgin blocks. The

Mining plan is based on Geological Reports of Siarmal & Siarmal Extension Block

and Banapatra Block and project report of siarmal ocp. The proposed mine area lies

in the south of Basundhara West OCP (8.0 Mty) on the southern side of

Basundhara river. Basundhara West OCP is an ongoing project. To its east lies the

Kulda OCP (14.0 Mty).

The Mining Plan and Mine Closure Plan of Siarmal OCP (50.0 Mty) has been

approved by MCL board in its 198th meeting held on 31-01-2018.

Form-I and Prefeasibility report for Siarmal OCP (Capacity – 50.0 Mty) was

discussed in 30th Expert Appraisal Committee (EAC) meeting held on 17th – 18th

May, 2018 at MoEF&CC, New Delhi.

EAC had recommended Terms of Reference (TOR) for Siarmal OCP (capacity

– 50.0 Mty) vide letter no.J-11015/230/2014-IA.II(M) dated 09th July , 2018 issued

by MoEF&CC, New Delhi.

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11.2 STUDY AREA PROFILE

Location

Coalfield Ib Valley

Tehsil Hemgiri

District Sundergarh

Project Siarmal OCP

Latitudes 22O 01’ 19” N & 22O 03’ 59.99” N

Longitudes 83O 37’ 09” E & 83O 42’ 59.58” E

Topo sheet No. 64 N /12 on RF 1:50,000

Communication

Sl. No. Item

1. Nearest revenue town & Dist. HQ

Sundergarh (46 km)

2. Nearest road Sundargarh-Raigarh Interstate highway passing adjacent to the OCP.

3. Connection to the state capital

450 km to Bhubaneswar via NH-55

4. Connection to the company HQs

140 km to MCL Hq Sambalpur via district HQ Sundargarh.

5. Nearest railhead Himgir railway station on Mumbai – Howrah line of South Eastern railway is at a distance of about 35km.

6. Airport Veer Surendra Sai Airport in Jharsuguda is at a distance of about 56.8 km.

Topography & Drainage

The block under reference is represented by paddy fields, small hillocks and

forests. Major part of the block is however, covered by paddy fields.

Basundhara River flowing west to east in the northern boundary of the block

separates the blocks from Chaturdhara/Basundhara blocks and Chattajor nala

flowing South to North in the eastern boundary of the block separates the block

from Kulda block. One of the tributaries Telendra flows from NW to East towards

the middle of the block and many other small nala cross within the block. Besides

these, there are some small ponds and dug wells available within the block and

used for irrigation and drinking purposes.

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The general topography of the block is undulating and is used for agricultural

purpose and some patches of barren lands are also featuring in the block. The

general altitude of the block is varying from 260 metres to 311 metres. The lowest

elevation is about 260 metres near borehole CMHG-45 along the Basundhara river

within Siarmal and Siarmal Extn. block and highest elevation is about 311 metre

and is located near the south-western corner near boreholes CMBB-240, 233 &

060 on either side of Sundergarh-Raigarh state road within Banapatra block.

Climate

The area experiences a sub-tropical warm temperature. About 70% of rainfall

occurs during rainy season i.e. June to Sept. As per IMD data of Jharuguda 2016

the highest 24 hourly rainfall occurs in the month of August 63.20 mm. The

temperature varies from 7.7oC to 38.9oC. The predominant wind direction is SW

to NW.

11.3 PROJECT PROFILE

(a) Present Status of the Project

i. The Mining Plan & Mine Closure Plan of Siarmal OCP (Capacity – 50.0 Mty)

has been approved by 198th MCL board meeting held on 31-01-2018.

ii. The application for Forest diversion of 349.709 Ha made online vide proposal

no. FP/OR/MIN/32796/2018.

(b) Block Boundary

The block boundary of Siarmal is given below:

North : Northern boundary of the block is marked by East-West trending Basundhara river. South : Southern boundary is marked with arbitrary boundary of barren measure formation. East : Eastern boundary is limited by Kulda Block along Basundhara river, then followed by Chattajor Nala. . West : Western boundary of the Block is limited by Eastern boundary of Western extension of (Banapatra Block)

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(c) Embankment and / or Weir Construction

Proposed to construct an embankment along the Basundhara river,

Telendra Nalla and Chattanjhor. For supply of water, 4 nos. of weir across

Basundhara river have been suggested which will feed water for domestic as well

as for industrial purpose of this OCP. Already 3 weirs exist.

(d) Surface drainage The ground slopes generally towards east and north-east and the drainage is

through small streams, which in turn feed to river Basundhara. Basundhara river is

flowing north-west to south-east and ultimately drained into Ib river.

(e) Water bodies

The proposed project is bounded by Basundhara & Telendra nalla in the

north and Chattarjhor in the East.

(f) Description of Core Zone

The total land required for mining operations in proposed project i.e. core

zone will be around 2290.45 ha involving 349.709 ha of forest land. The core zone

of the project comprising of excavation zone, infrastructure area, OB dump sites,

safety zone for blasting, etc., covers partly and/or fully the land from six (6) villages

namely Siarmal, Jhupurunga, Tumulia, Ratansara, Gopalpur and Kulda.

(g) Description of Buffer Zone

The buffer zone i.e. area within 10 km radius from the periphery of the

project boundary.

Basundhara West OC and Kulda OC are located in buffer zone.

Proposed project is bounded by Basundhara & Telendra nalla in the

north and Chattanjhor in the east.

The reserve forests falling in the buffer zone are mainly Garjanpahar

RF, Kalatpani RF, Ghogharpali RF, Jamkani RF, , Jhatikhol RF, Balijori

RF, Lalma RF etc.

Ecologically sensitive areas such as national park, sanctuary,

biosphere, etc. are not present within 10 km radius from the project.

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There are no places of religious, historical and archeological importance

in the study area.

(h) Geology

- Geological coal reserves – 1895.43 Mt.

- Name of workable coal seam – 16.

- Dip - varying from 3o-5o.

- Average grade of coal is G11.

- Extractable Reserve 1547.82.

(i) Main consumers

Power Houses and Basket Linkage.

(j) Mining parameters

Mining Lease Area

Total Mining Lease Area – 2290.45 Ha including 349.709 Ha of forest land.

However, total land required for the proposed project is 2580.45 Ha i.e.

additional 290.0 Ha land is required outside the mine lease area for rehabilitation

site, residential colony and other infrastructure.

Mine Target , Life and Reserve

Particulars

Mine target (Mt) 50.0 Mty

Year of achieving peak targeted production

Year - 9

Project life (Years) 38 ( including 2 years construction period)

Minable Reserve (Mt) 1547.82

Overburden (M.cum.) 2269.69

Stripping ratio (m3/t) 1.47

External OB dump There will be two external dumps. (External dump will be re-handled during post closure)

Coal Winning and OB Removal

Type Method

Opencast

Mechanised

Coal Winning - Coal production will be done by using

surface miners.

OB Removal – Shovel Dumper combination

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Manpower

The total manpower required for the proposed project is 3773.

Coal handling & dispatch arrangement

The permanent coal handling arrangement shall have the following major

provisions:

Initially, two numbers of two stage Twin shaft sizer to crush from (-) 1200

mm to (-)100 mm will be provided near the first access trench to handle any

coal produced from the conventional system.

Initially, three numbers of Reclaim feeders will be provided near the first

access trench to handle (-) 100mm size blast free coal.

Belt conveyors system in three parallel series from the access trench up to the

proposed washery.

From the washery the washed coal will be transported to the number of Rapid

Load out system with pre-weigh loading arrangement @5500(av) tph through

no of silo/ central dispatch system and dispatch through the rail.

The loading of the coal to RLS from washery will be the scope under washery.

Based on the advancement of mine, in the intermediate stage about 60m

below twin shaft sizer/ Reclaim feeder will be installed to handled the inpit

coal and dispatch to the main stream on surface by the series of belt

conveyors.

In floor inpit, sets of reclaim feeder with Sizers will also be provided as the

mine reached to the floor.

Workshops & stores

Two-tier system of maintenance is envisaged for the plant and machinery of

the project, one at the unit level in the workshop located at the quarry top to cater to

the needs of day-to-day work and the other at Central Workshop for major

overhauls and capital repairs.

The workshops for both HEMM and E&M and stores are proposed to be

located at the same place with separate boundaries. The project stores shall be an

integral part of this complex.

For outsourcing variant, HEMM workshop will be maintained by outsourcing.

Water demand & supply arrangement

Water demand MLD

Potable 2.204

Industrial & fire fighting 8.500

Total : 10.704

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implemented.

Economic Parameters

Total Capital investment - Rs. 3756.36 Crs.

Estimated capital investment on EIA/EMP - Rs. 738.26 Crs.

Estimated cost of Mine Closure - Rs. 614.75 Crs. @ 5%

annual compound interest

Estimated CSR cost - Rs. 309.56 Crs @ Rs.2/te

of coal produced

(Revenue Expenditure)

Estimated CER cost - Rs. 18.78 Crs

(Revenue Expenditure)


profit of the company for the three immediate preceding financial years or Rs.2.00


The cost impact of EMP is Rs 29.59 per tonne of coal produced.

(k) Places of religious, historical and archaeological importance

There are no places of religious, historical and archaeological importance in

the core and buffer zone.

(l) Hydrogeology

Hydrogeological detail of the Study Area

Groundwater Potential (Source: CGWB, Eastern Region Bhubaneswar)

(i) Stage of Groundwater Development of Himgir Block: 15.05%

(ii) Stage of Groundwater Development of Sundergarh district: 26.14%

Groundwater Availability (within 10 km radius from the project)

(i) Range of Water table (m bgl): 0.70 to 12.50 mbgl

(ii) Total Annual Replenishable recharge (million m3/ year): 63.17

(iii) Annual Draft excluding estimated draft through mine discharge

(million m3/ year) : 10.08

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(iv) Estimated Draft though mine Discharge: 6.26 Mm3/ annum

(v) Net annual groundwater availability (million m3/ year) : 53.09

(vi) Stage of Groundwater development in (%): 15.96

11.4 EXISTING ENVIRONMENTAL SCENARIO

To assess the existing environmental scenario, baseline data has been

generated for various environmental components such as air, water, noise and soil

during the period 4th November 2017 to 3rd February 2018 by M/s. Ecomen

Laboratories Pvt. Ltd., Lucknow.

For baseline data of ambient air quality, ten monitoring stations were fixed on

the basis of meteorological parameters like predominant wind direction and wind

speeds besides physiography of the area. Twenty four (24) hourly data have been

generated for each parameter i.e. PM10, PM2.5, SO2 and NOX at each monitoring

station for two days in a week for four consecutive weeks in a month for three

months i.e. 4th November 2017 to 3rd February 2018. The average concentration

levels (24 hrly.) for all parameters are within the permissible of the National

Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS).

The baseline data w.r.t water quality of various inland surface water and

ground water sources had been generated. 9 sampling stations covering surface

water, ground water and mine water discharge were selected in the core zone and

buffer zone of the project. The analysis shows that various physical and chemical

parameters are within permissible limit.

The ambient noise level (Leq) measurement for the project covering both

core zone and buffer zone stations (10 stations) are within the permissible limits.

For baseline of soil quality, soil samples at four locations were collected and

analysed.

Flora & fauna and Socio economic condition was studied by M/s VRDS

Consultants, Chennai during November 2017 to January 2018. The detailed report

are given in EIA/ EMP. The Socio Economic Study in Core & Buffer area based on

primary and secondary survey conducted during November 2017 to February

2018 by M/s. VRDS Consultants, Chennai. The study area comprises of Rural

area of district Sundergarh, Odisha.

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11.5 ANTICIPATED IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES

There will be impacts on air, water, noise, flora & fauna due to mining and

its related activities which are described below:

Impact on air quality & control measures

Ambient air quality will be affected due to presence of PM10 PM2.5, SO2 &

NOX which will be generated due to various activities related to project. To predict

the impact on the air quality, AQIP was done using AERMOD. It has been

observed that the predicted absolute values of PM10 and PM2.5 levels is well

within the permissible limit.

Appropriate air control measures will be adopted to maintain the ambient air

quality within the stipulated standard. The control measures will be adopted for


coal handling plant, fires at coalfaces and coal stock yard, OB dump(s) and

workshop and stores, etc.

Drilling Operation

All drills will be equipped with dust extractors and wet drilling is

recommended in all drilling operation.

Blasting operation

Coal production will be done by blast free environmental friendly Surface

Miner.

Controlled blasting technique is recommended to minimize generation of

dust for OB.

Loading & transporting

Sufficient water sprinkling on haul roads.

Un-metaled roads shall be kept free of ruts.

Provision has been made for instant shower system.

Development of greenbelt.

Provision of silo system.

Coal handling plant & transportation system

Suppression of dust by fixed sprinklers in all critical points.

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Covered conveyor belts.

Provision for Silo loading has been proposed.

Total coal will be transported to SILO from the CHP directly by covered

conveyor belts.

Fires at coalfaces, coal stock yard

Provision of adequate fire-fighting arrangements.

Storage of water at all critical points.

Regular supervision.

Fire at OB/Parting dumps

Sometimes coal gets mixed with intermittent bands and caught fire at parting

dump yard. In that case dump is blanketed by OB/soil to put off oxygen

supply.

Workshop & store

Proper ventilation system.

Impact on hydrology & hydro-geology and control measures

(i) Impacts

Siltation and chocking of water courses.

Deterioration of water quality & pollution of water bodies.

Due to excavation, decline in ground water in the immediate vicinity of

the decoaled area.

(ii) Control measures

The backfilling of the decoaled area will reduce the mine seepage

resulting to restore ground water in the immediate vicinity of excavation

zone.

Sufficient safeguards during the planning stage to make the project eco-

friendly from water pollution control point of view.

Recycling of wastewater at some sources after appropriate treatment to

achieve "zero discharge" to the extent possible.

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Conforming to the limits of the Environment (Protection) Amendment

Rules, 2000 ("Schedule-VI", General Standards for discharge of

environmental pollutants, Part-A: Effluents) for the quality of the treated

effluents.

Provision of sewage treatment plant for domestic effluent and reuse of

treated water for watering of plants.

Oil & grease traps and settling chambers / tanks for industrial effluents

from workshop and vehicle depots and reuse of treated water.

Mine discharge water treatment plant and reuse of treated water.

Provision of garland drain and sedimentation pond/settling tank around

mine boundary.

Storm water drainage arrangement.

Regular monitoring of water and effluent qualities to get feedback for

corrective measures for conforming to the limits of the prescribed

standards.

Impact on Noise level & control measures

i. Impacts

The major adverse impacts during pre-mining and mining phases are

generation of obnoxious levels of noise & vibrations which also spread in

neighbouring communities.

ii. Control measures

The following control measures shall be taken:

Proper designing of plant & machinery by providing in-built mechanisms

like silencers, mufflers and enclosures for noise generating parts and

shock absorbing pads at the foundation of vibrating equipment.

Routine maintenance of equipment.

Enclosures for crusher house, etc.

Rational deployment of noise generating plant and machinery.

Greenbelts around the quarry, infrastructure sites, service building area

and township besides avenue plantation on both sides of the roads to

maintain noise level at night time within the limit for the inhabited

localities situated at a very close proximity.

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Locating township away from noise centre.

HEMMs with sound proof cabins.

Chute linings in CHP.

Provision of isolation for vibrating equipment (both fixed and mobile)

foundation.

Personal protective devices to all the persons working in high noise

areas.

Regular monitoring of noise levels at various points.

Impact due to blast & vibration and control measures

Blasting may affect the mineworkers as well as people residing in the vicinity

of mine and dependent upon the type & quantity of explosives used pit

geology, topography and confinement of the blast.

Control measures:

All provisions of Coal Mines Regulations will be followed.

Overcharging will be avoided and quantity of explosive will be decided as per

conditions imposed by DGMS.

Stemming material to be used is sand. However, the drill cuttings and chips

of triangular shape can be used as an effective stemming material with

proper packing.

Use of millisecond delay detonators that are initiated by shock tube initiation

system, between rows and between holes in the same row.

Blasting will be done in day time during the shift change over period as per

requirement. However, the frequency of blasting will depend upon the

availability of land (tenancy in particular), DGMS permission for use of

explosive, meteorological condition, geo-mining condition and method of

mining.

Before blasting is done, warning sound is given so that people can move to

safe places.

A blasting danger zone will be kept around the periphery of the quarry. This

zone will be kept free from village habitation and community infrastructure

and thus impact of vibration after blasting on the surface structures is

avoided.

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Controlled blasting will be done near built-up areas and surface features, as

and when required.

Adoption of present day technology of use of site mixed slurry (SMS)

explosives.

Impact on land resource & control measures

The major direct impacts on existing land use during the pre-mining phase

are the removal of vegetation and resettlement of displaced population. There

may also be land use changes with respect to agriculture, fisheries, recreation

sites, housing, forestry areas, etc. Land reclamation / restoration of mined out

lands may give rise to enhanced beneficial land use.

There exists major environment impacts due to landscape disruption

particularly visuals (unsightly huge dumps, voids, mine structures, subsidence,

mine fires, etc.). During mining and post-mining phases drastic changes in

landscape with landforms take place. The major associated impacts are soil-

erosion, loss of top soil, change in complete geology, creation of huge dumps &

voids, disposal of wastes, deforestation, etc.

Irrespective of the type of mining used for extracting coal, mining invariably

results in enormous land disturbance – e.g. large scale excavation, removal of top

soil, dumping of solid wastes, cutting of roads, creation of derelict land, etc.

Opencast mining has more potential impact on land than underground mining.

With improved technology, opencast coal mining is being used extensively

because of its cost effectiveness and productivity; though it results in large-scale

land disturbance. The alteration in land use pattern due to infrastructure is not to

be considered as true change as these facilities can be utilized for some other

purposes after the mining operation is over. The alteration in land use pattern due

to activities of quarrying and external dumping of OB materials may be considered

as true change in land use pattern.

Control measures

There will be requirement of external dumping for initial eighteen years of

production when enough void is not available for internal dumping.

From 7th year of production backfilling will be started and there will be

simultaneous backfilling and external dumping upto 18th year of production.

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From 19th year of production there will be no external dumping & entire

overburden can be internally backfilled.

During the process, the geometrical shape of the dumps is altered to make it

amenable to effective biological reclamation and also to provide safety and

stability.

The face slopes of the dump will be maintained at the natural angle of repose

of the material and at overall slope angle of 26o to 28o. Suitable arrangement

will be made for collection of storm water.


Backfilled area is to be reclaimed biologically and technically.

At initial stage scrapped top soil will be stored separately and reused as early

as possible to layover the backfilled area for biological reclamation.

External OB dump will be re-handled during post closure.

Arboriculture is to be carried out in the vacant areas.

Proper afforestation/plantation are to be carried out for greenbelt

development.

Impact on socio-economic condition & control measures

The major impacts are given below:

i. Displacement and rehabilitation / resettlement of PAFs, including

change in culture, heritage & related features.

ii. Loss of agricultural land

iii. General improvement of economy of area.

iv. Creation of new employment opportunities.

v. Increase in revenue of the state exchequer.

This is a new mine. The R&R are being carried out under the direction of

“Claims Commission” set up by Hon’ble Supreme Court for the purpose. Total

R&R cost is 678.04 Cr. There are about 2872 Project Affected Families (PAFs).

Total land required for Rehabilitation site is 140 Ha.

Control measures

Project affected families will be resettled and rehabilitated socially, culturally

and economically along with other displaced families such as major married

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sons, unmarried daughters of 30 years of age, divorcee/deserted

women/widows, physically handicapped and / or mentally retarded persons

irrespective of age and sex, unmarried brothers/sisters whose parents are

not alive, homestead less families (unobjectionable encroachers) and

landless families (unobjectionable encroachers) as per latest ‘Norms of Govt.

of Orissa’.

Resettlement colony will be provided with all infrastructure facilities like

roads, dug wells, tube wells, play ground, schools, community center,

dispensary, shopping center, etc.

Suitable compensation will be offered to the families from whom land

including homestead land will be acquired. In all circumstances

compensation will be paid before actual displacement. All the payments will

be made by account payee cheques.

Scheme of cash compensation of Rs. 16.0 lakhs in lieu of job exists in MCL.

Vocational training will be provided. Interest free financial assistance will be

provided where necessary.

Monetary benefits to physical handicapped and mentally retarded persons for

self-relocation of site elsewhere will be provided.

Incentive of Rs. 1.0 lakh to displaced families for timely vacation of land

within a month is in vogue in MCL.

Supply of drinking water in nearby villages during summer season will be

provided.

Impact on bio-diversity & control measures

a) Impact on flora

The core zone vegetation is partially natural, remaining are agricultural lands

predominantly paddy cultivated. The wild vegetation is denuded by the

neighbouring villagers. Only few sporadic trees (Mahua, tendu, kadam, neem,

mango) present. Invaded shrubs like Chromolaena, wild sponge guard, are

frequently present. The buffer zone vegetation contains some patches of Sal forest,

agriculture lands and a small hill range forest. The natural ecosystem will be

disturbed in the core zone area because of the mining project. When the project is

started, the people living in the core zone area will start using the bio resources of

the buffer zone area, which leads some impact on the natural ecosystem of the

buffer zone

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b) Impact on fauna

The Project area comes under IB valley Coalfield, where mining activities are

prevalent since last many years. There were no major faunal habitats in the

proposed mining area. During survey, it was observed that endangered, endemic

and migratory species were not present in the study area. Also, migratory corridors,

flight paths and spawning grounds were not present in the study area. However,

Post mining phase it is suggested to reclaim the mine spoil area through adequate

technical & biological reclamation methods, so that the vegetation will support

habitat development for various types of faunal species.

Control measures

Control measures to reduce the impact on flora

The enhancement of forest area occurs due to measures like biological

reclamation of backfilled area, arboriculture / afforestation, compensatory

afforestation creation of greenbelt and avenue plantation.

Water body created by the final voids is beneficial to flora as the area is

prone to water scarcity.

This project will have no detrimental impact on diversity of floral species

within terrestrial and aquatic habitats.

Control measures to reduce the impact on fauna

The balance in the regional population will be maintained in natural course,

owing to existing undisturbed forest areas in the vicinity of the project. The

increase in green cover due to implementation of various measures like

biological reclamation of backfilled area, arboriculture / afforestation adopted

by the mine establishment will be an added bonus, though expected in

distant future.

The mine will be a “zero-discharge” one. If required, water is discharged only

after suitable treatment. No adverse impact on downstream aquatic life of

surface water courses is expected.

The project is not likely to have impact on the faunal species diversity within

the terrestrial and aquatic habitats.

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Impact on traffic movement & control measures

1. Coal from benches will be transported to reclaim feeders located at pit

top by rear dumpers. Once the mine is advanced to dip side these

reclaim feeders will be shifted to inpit to reduce dumper movement.

2. Coal from reclaim feeders will be transported to washery via belt

conveyor.

3. Coal received from washery will be transported by belt conveyor upto

Silo for final dispatch by rail to the destination.

Impact

The following impacts are anticipated:

Ambient air on the both sides of the road will be affected due to PM10, PM2.5,

SO2 and NOX.

Noise nuisance due to movement of HEMMs.

Creation of ruts and potholes on the surface of the road.

Road accidents.

Control Measures

(a) Plantation on both sides of the roads on the surface.

(b) Proper maintenance of road to remove ruts and potholes.

(c) Proper illumination of roads including haul road.

Impact on Public Health & control measures

Impact

Various respirable and water-borne diseases are cause of concern for

public health and safety in mining areas due to high intensity dust nuisance

and pollution of water bodies and contaminated water supply. Health care

centers (medical centers) are usually distantly located and provision of

medical facilities by project developers results in beneficial impact.

Control Measures

By providing good quality sanitation, medical facilities and other

infrastructural facilities, there is likelihood of reduction in disease. However,

regular medical check-up of employees particular those put on risky and

occupational hazards will be done periodically.

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11.6 PRE-MINING, POST–MINING AND POST-CLOSURE LANDUSE

The total land required for the proposed project is 2580.45 Ha i.e. additional

290.0 Ha land is required outside the mine lease area for rehabilitation site,

residential colony and other infrastructure. However, Mining Lease Area is

2290.45 Ha including 349.709 Ha of forest land.

Post-closure land use (ML area – 2290.45 Ha) will consist of area with

plantation/grass carpeting - 915.07 Ha, water body- 549.69 Ha, land to be

converted in Grass land 586.64 Ha and undisturbed built up area -239.05 Ha.

Forest enhancement Ratio of quarry excavated = 409.99 / 249.58 = 1.64

11.7 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING ORGANISATION

For effective implementation of various environmental control measures

and subsequently monitoring the same, permanent environmental management

organisations are essential at corporate, area and project levels. The various

environmental attributes like air quality, water quality, effluent quality, noise level,

etc. will be monitored as per the following schedules:

For air quality Two days in a month at each station (once in a fortnight).

For water and effluent quality

Once in a month for each station (for drinking water quality), once in a fortnight (for 4 parameters) and once in a year (23 parameters) (for effluent quality)

For ground water level monitoring

4 times in a year (i.e., April/May, August, November & January)

For noise level Once in a day-time and once in a night-time in every fortnight at each station.

11.8 RISK ASSESSMENT & MANAGEMENT

A comprehensive blue print for risk assessment and management has been

drawn up incorporating the following:

Identification and assessment of risks.

Recommendation of measures to prevent damage to life and property

against such risks.

Handling of disasters as per Mines Rescue Rules.

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11.9 CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY

Estimated CSR cost - Rs.309.56 Crs. @ Rs.2/te of coal produced (Revenue

Expenditure).




11.10 CORPORATE ENVIRONMENT RESPONSIBILITY (CER)

As per the MoEF&CC office memorandum no. F.No. 22-65/2017-IA.III dtd.

01-05-2018 for green field project, 0.5 % of capital investment for new project i.e.

18.78 crores has been provided for CER, the same will be met from Revenue

Expenditure. The CER fund will be spent on drinking water supply, sanitation, and

air pollution control measures.

11.11 COMPENSATORY AFFORESTATION AND WILD LIFE

MANAGEMENT COST

Out of the proposed mining lease area of 2290.45 Ha, forest land is

349.709 Ha. An amount of Rs. 2391.61 Lakhs has been provided for

Compensatory Afforestation cost.

As per guideline, Govt. of Orissa, Forest & Environment Dept. Vide letter


release @ Rs.43000/- per Ha of mining lease area basis towards the cost of wild

life management plan. An amount of Rs. 984.89 lakh has been proposed for wild

life conservation plan which will be met from revenue budget.


Due emphasis has been given for rain water harvesting. A lump sump

amount Rs. 30.75 lakhs has been kept for the infrastructural facilities for storage of

rain water for harvesting which will be made from revenue budget.

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11.13 PROJECT BENEFIT

The proposed Siarmal OCP will enhance the socio-economic activities in

the adjoining areas. This will result in following benefits:

Improvement in Physical Infrastructure in the area

Improvement in Social Infrastructure

Increase in Employment Potential

Accelerated economic activities and urbanization may increase quality of life

and standard of living.

Contribution of Direct tax, sales tax , Royalty, etc. to the National Exchequer

Post-closure Enhancement of Green Cover

MCL, as a responsible corporate organization, is playing a significant role in

developing the region around its mines in the State of Odisha. MCL takes up

various infrastructural development works in the surrounding area covering the felt

needs of the local community.

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Chapter-12

DISCLOSURE OF CONSULTANTS ENGAGED

12.1 NAME OF CONSULTANT

Central Mine Planning & Design Institute Limited. Briefly, it is called as

‘CMPDI’. It is an ISO 9001 Company.

Its registered corporate office is situated at Gondwana Place, Kanke Road,

Ranchi – 834031, the capital city of Jharkhand State. It operates through seven

strategically located Regional Institutes over six states territories of India. Details of

all seven Institutes including its corporate office are given as in Table-12.1.

Table-12.1

S. N.

Offices Addresses

Tel/Fax Postal E-Mail Website

1 Corporate Gondwana Place, Kanke Road, Ranchi-834031, Jharkhand

[email protected]

http://www.cmpdi.co.in

+916512231850 / 51 / 52

2 Regional Institute-I

West End, GT Road, Asansole – 713301, West Bengal

[email protected]

+913412253504/ +913412250935

3 Regional Institute-II

Koyla Bhawan, Koyla Nagar, Dhanbad- 826005, Jharkhand

[email protected]

+913262230789/ +913262230500

4 Regional Institute-III

Gondwana Place, Kanke Road, Ranchi-834031, Jharkhand

[email protected]

+916512231506/ +916512231501

5 Regional Institute-IV

Kasturba Nagar, Jaripatka, Nagpur- 440014

[email protected]

+917122642134/ +917122643231

6 Regional Institute- V

SECL Complex, Seepat Road, Bilaspur-495006, Chhatisgarh.

[email protected]

+917752246482/ +917752246481

7 Regional Institute-VI

CWS Colony, P.O. Jayant Colliery, Singrauli- 486890, M.P.

[email protected]

+917805222329, 222172 / +917805222330

8 Regional Institute-VII

Near Gandhi Park, Samantapuri, PO:RRL, Bhubaneswar-751013, Odisha

[email protected]

+916742392627 +916742394143

CMPDI


All the above Regional Institutes are dedicated to render services to seven

subsidiaries of the CIL as follows:

Table-12.2

Sl. No. Institutes Dedicated to

1 Regional Institute-I Eastern Coalfields Ltd. (ECL)

2 Regional Institute-II Bharat Coking Coal Ltd. (BCCL)

3 Regional Institute-III Central Coalfields Ltd. (CCL)

4 Regional Institute-IV Western Coalfields Ltd. (WCL)

5 Regional Institute-V South Eastern Coalfields Ltd. (SECL)

6 Regional Institute-VI Northern Coalfields Ltd. (NCL)

7 Regional Institute-VII Mahanadi Coalfields Ltd. (MCL)

Headquarter Ranchi is committed to render services to NEC & Non-CIL

clients and specialized assignments for both CIL & Non-CIL clients.

12.2 BRIEF RESUME OF THE CONSULTANTS

The company was formerly known as Coal Mines Authority Limited. And, the

Central Mine Planning & Design Institute Limited (herein after called as CMPDI) is a

planning & design division of Coal India Limited (herein after called as CIL) as per

Memorandum of Association of the company. The CIL is a holding company since

November 01, 1975, and the CMPDIL is one of its subsidiaries since then. It is under

Ministry of Coal, Government of India.

CMPDI is a premier consultant in open-pit and underground mine planning

and design in coal, lignite and other minerals. CMPDI holds a position of eminence in

the field of environmental engineering both in coal and other sectors. CMPDI has well

equipped network of 6 laboratories located in various coalfields to regularly monitor

air, water noise parameters.

New generation exploration technology coupled with skilled manpower has

made CMPDI a leader in mineral exploration, resource evaluation, resource

management, mining geology, hydro-geological & geophysical studies, engineering

geology investigations, etc.

CMPDI


12.3 ENVIRONMENT DIVISION

CMPDI is routinely dealing with multi-dimensional environmental complexities

of the coal and mineral sector to promote environmentally benign mining design and

mitigation practices in India & abroad.

The services include EIA/EMPs for mining and coal beneficiation projects,

planning & design of Pollution Control Facilities (Industrial & Domestic Effluent

treatment Plants), Mine Closure Plan, Slope Stability analysis for dumps & high walls

and regular environmental monitoring (air, water and noise level). The environmental

laboratory at CMPDI (HQ) is accredited by NABL with ISO-9001 certification.

CMPDI is also accredited by National Board of Education & Training

(NABET), an organ of Quality Council of India (QCI), New Delhi as an EIA Consulting

Organization for two sectors namely mining of minerals including opencast /

underground mining and Coal washeries as per the requirement of Ministry of

Environment & Forests, Government of India.

12.3.1 SERVICES OFFERED

1. Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA)/ Environmental Management Plan

(EMP)

2. Environmental Monitoring

3. Environmental Statement and Mine Closure Plan

4. Slope Stability and Soil Conservation Studies

5. Engineering Services

6. Land Use Planning

7. Rain Water Harvesting

8. Fly Ash Disposal Studies

9. Research & Development

10. Laboratory Services

BASUNDHARA AREA IB VALLEY COALFIELD MAHANADI...

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