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BASKETBALL

LEE CHOON WEE

A125497F.PENDIDIKAN

SUKAN DAN REKREASI


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~HISTORYOFBASKETBALL~

Basketball was invented in December 1891 by the

Canadian-American clergyman, educator, and

physician James Naismith, then an instructor at the

Young Mens Christian Association Training School

(now Springfield College) in Springfield, Mass.

At first, James Naismith wrote the basic rules and

nailed a peach basket onto a 10-foot (3.05 m)

elevated track. The ball that used in early stage

was football. A team would gain a point when theperson got the ball in the basket.


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First official game was

played in the YMCA

gymnasium on January

20, 1892 with nine

players and the gameended at 1-0 and the

shot was made from

25 feet (7.6 m), on a

court just half the sizeof a present-day NBA

court

The first basketball court:

Springfield College.

Continue~~


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CONTINUE~~

Women's basketball began in 1892 at Smith

College when Senda Berenson, a physical

education teacher, modified Naismith's rules for

women.

In 1959, a basketball Hall of Fame was founded in

Springfield, Massachusetts. Its rosters include the

names of great players, coaches, referees and

people who have contributed significantly to the

development of the game. first balls made specifically for basketball were

brown, and it was only in the late 1950s that Tony

Hinkle, then modified to orange ball.


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BASKETBALLTODAY~~(PLAYINGREGULATIONS)

Games are played in four quarters of 10 (international) or 12

minutes (NBA).

Five players from each team (out of a twelve player roster)

may be on the court at one time. Substitutions are unlimited

but can only be done when play is stopped and coach arerequired.

A standard uniform consists of a pair of shorts and a jersey

with a clearly visible number, printed on both the front and

back.

A limited number of time-outs, clock stoppages requested by acoach for a short meeting with the players, are allowed.

The game is controlled by the officials consisting of the

referee, one or two umpires and the table officials.


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BASKETBALLTODAY~~(EQUIPMENT)

The only essential equipment in basketball is thebasketball and the court: a flat, rectangular surfacewith baskets at opposite ends.

Clocks, score sheets, scoreboard(s), alternating

possession arrows, and whistle-operated stop-clocksystems are required.

A regulation basketball court in international gamesis 28 by 15 meters (approx. 92 by 49 ft) and in theNBA is 94 by 50 feet (29 by 15 m). Most courts aremade of wood. A steel basket with net andbackboard hang over each end of the court. Atalmost all levels of competition, the top of the rim isexactly 10 feet (3.05 m) above the court and 4 feet(1.2 m) inside the baseline.


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BASKETBALLTODAY~~(FOULS)

An attempt to unfairly disadvantage an opponentthrough physical contact is illegal and is called a foul.

A player or coach who shows poor sportsmanship, forinstance, by arguing with a referee or by fighting with

another player, can be charged with a more serious foulcalled a technical foul.

If a team exceeds a certain limit of team fouls in a givenperiod (quarter or half)four for NBA and internationalgamesthe opposing team is awarded one or two freethrows on all subsequent fouls for that period.

Commits five fouls (including technical fouls), or in anNBA game, commits six fouls (excluding technical fouls)is not allowed to participate for the rest of the game, andis said to have "fouled out".


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The referee signals that a foul has

been committed.

Basketball positions in the

offensive zone.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Basketball_foul.jpg


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BASKETBALLTODAY~~(POSITIONSANDSTRUCTURES)

o During the first five decades of basketball's

evolution, one guard, two forwards, and two centers

or two guards, two forwards, and one center were

used. Since the 1980s, more specific positions

have evolved, namely:

o Point guard

o Shooting guard

o Small forward

o Power forward

o Center


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BASKETBALLTODAY~~(COMMONANDBASICTECHNIQUES)

Shooting is the act ofattempting to score points bythrowing the ball through thebasket. While methods canvary with players andsituations.

There are some common shotsuch as:

i) Set shot

ii) Jump shotiii) Lay up

iv) Slam dunk

v) Air-ball

1) SHOOTING

Player releases a short jump shot, while

her defender is either knocked down, or

trying to "take a charge."


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2) REBOUNDING

The objective of rebounding is to successfully gain

possession of the basketball after a missed field

goal or free throw, as it rebounds from the hoop or

backboard.

Plays a major role in the game, there are two

categories of rebounds:

i) Offensive Rebounds

ii) Defensive Rebounds


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3) PASSING

A pass is a method of moving the ball between

players.

A staple pass is the chest pass. Another type of

pass is the bounce pass.

The overhead passis used to pass the ball over a

defender.

The outlet passoccurs after a team gets a

defensive rebound. The next pass after the rebound

is the outlet pass.

Another advanced style of passing is the behind-

the-back pass, throwing the ball behind the

passer's back to a teammate.


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Dribbling is the act ofbouncing the ballcontinuously.

Good dribblers tend tobounce the ball low to theground, reducing the travelfrom the floor to the hand,making it more difficult for thedefender to "steal" the ball.

A skilled player can dribblewithout watching the ball,using the dribbling motion orperipheral vision to keeptrack of the ball's location.

4)DRIBBLING

A U.S. Naval Academy ("Navy") player, left,

posts up a U.S. Military Academy ("Army")

defender


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5) BLOCKING

A block is performed when, after a shot is

attempted, a defender attempts to alter the shot by

touching the ball.

In almost all variants of play, it is illegal to touch the

ball after it is in the downward part of its arc; this is

known as goaltending.

With good timing and sufficient vertical leap, even

shorter players can be effective at blocking shots.


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Michael Jordan goes for a

slam dunk.

Kobe Bryant driving the ball

on the court.


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THEEND


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o Point guard

o Shooting guard

o Small forward

o Power forward

o Center

Usually the fastest player on

the team, organizes the

team's offense by controlling

the ball and making sure that

it gets to the right player at

the right time.


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o Point guard

o Shooting guard

o Small forward

o Power forward

o Center

Creates a high volume

of shots on offense;

guards the opponent's

best perimeter playeron defense.


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o Point guard

o Shooting guard

o Small forward

o Power forward

o Center

Often primarily

responsible for

scoring points via

cuts to the basket

and dribblepenetration, steals,

but sometime plays

more actively.


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o Point guard

o Shooting guard

o Small forward

o Power forward

o Center

Plays offensively often with

his back to the basket; ondefense, plays under basket

or againts the opposing

power forward.


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o Point guard

o Shooting guard

o Small forward

o Power forward

o Center

Uses size to score(on

offense), to protect

the basket closely(on

defense), or to

rebound.


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2) REBOUNDING




backboard.





Rebounds in which the

ball is recovered by

the offensive side and

does not changepossession.


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2) REBOUNDING




backboard.





Rebounds, in which the

defending team gains

possession of the loose

ball.

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