CHAPTER 1

BASICS OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

Class IXPresented By:Mrs.Karishma Jangid

CHARACTERISTICS OF COMPUTER

Speed

Accuracy

High storage capacity

Diligence

Versatility

Cannot take decisions

Not adaptable

• SPEED : In general, no human being can compete to solving the complex

computation, faster than computer.

• ACCURACY : Since Computer is programmed, so what ever input we

give it gives result with accurately.

• HIGH STORAGE CAPACITY: Computer can store mass storage of data

with appropriate formate.

• DILIGENCE : Computer can work for hours without any break and

creating error.

• VERSATILITY : We can use computer to perform completely different

type of work at the same time.

• CANNOT TAKE DECISIONS: Computer does not work without

instruction.

• NON ADAPTABLE :They perform tasks in given sequence that cannot

change according to circumstances

An external hardware device responsible for taking

computer data and generating a hard copy of that data.

Printers are one of the most commonly used peripherals

and they print text and still images on the paper.

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Printers

Impact PrintersNon-Impact Printers

Daisy

wheel

Dot-

MatrixInkjet

Thermal Laser

An external hardware device responsible for taking

computer data and generating a hard copy of that data.

Printers are one of the most commonly used peripherals

and they print text and still images on the paper.

5

Printers

Impact PrintersNon-Impact Printers

Daisy

wheel

Dot-

MatrixInkjet

Thermal Laser

These printers have a mechanism that touches the paper to

create an image. These printers work by banging a print

head containing a number of metal pins which strike an inked

ribbon placed between the print head and the paper.

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A printer that prints without banging a

ribbon onto paper. Laser, LED, inkjet,

solid ink, thermal wax transfer and dye

sublimation printers are examples

of non-impact printers.

A daisy wheel printer is an early type of impact printer invented

in 1969 by David S. Lee at Diablo Data Systems. The printer uses a

metal or plastic disk containing each of the letters, numbers, and other

characters it supports. When printing, the printer rotates the disk to

each character and then using a hammer strike each character into an

ink ribbon to create the character on paper

A dot matrix printer is an impact printer that prints using a

fixed number of pins or wires. In contrast, inkjet and laser

printers technically exhibit dot matrix printing, but they are not

considered "dot matrix printers".

“ Dot Matrix Printer “

An Inkjet printer is a printer for computers. It uses

special ink to print on the paper. Another type of

printing technology is the Laser printer. Inkjet printers

are preferred for printing photos and graphics due to

their high-quality color output, whereas laser printers

are preferred for printing text due to their high contrast

and speed.

A laser printer is a printer for computers. It uses laser or

LED-technology to get small particles of toner from

a catridge onto paper. Very often, this costs less to use than

the ink of inkjet printers. Laser printers often print text more

neatly than inkjet printers, but print photos less clearly.

“ Laser Printer “

“ Ink Jet Printer“

Software

Computer Instructions or data,

anything that can be stored

electronically is Software.

Examples:-

MS word, excel, power point, spread

sheets, library management system

etc.

The set of instructions that takes data

from input devices, manipulate and

process the data, and send it to an

output device is called “software”.

Types of Software

System Software

Application Software

SYSTEM SOFTWAREThe System Software consist of the Operating System and all the

utilities that enable the computer to function.

System software actually controls the hardware so that application software

can perform any action or task.

Example:

Operating Systems, Compiler, Assembler, Interpreter and etc.

An operating system (OS) is system software that

manages computer hardware, software resources, and

provides common services for computer programs.

A compiler is a special program that processesstatements written in a particular programming languageand turns them into machine language or "code" that acomputer's processor uses.

An assembler is a program that converts assembly languageinto machine code. It takes the basic commands andoperations from assembly code and converts them into binarycode that can be recognized by a specific type of processor.

Interpreter is a program that executes instructions written in a high-level language.There are two ways to run programs written in a high-level language. The mostcommon is to compile the program; the other method is to pass the program throughan interpreter.

A device driver is a computer program that operates or controls a particular type ofdevice that is attached to a computer.A driver provides a software interface tohardware devices, enabling operating systems and other computer programs toaccess hardware functions without needing to know precise details about thehardware being used.

A program that performs a very specific task, usually related to managing systemresources. Operating systems contain a number of utilities for managing diskdrives, printers, and other devices.

APPLICATION SOFTWARE

Application software (app for short) is a program or group ofprograms designed for end users. Examples of an applicationinclude a word processor, a spreadsheet, an accountingapplication, a web browser, an email client, a media player, afile viewer, an aeronautical flight simulator, a console game ora photo editor.

General purpose application software is a type ofapplication that can be used for a variety of tasks. It is notlimited to one particular function. Examples of Generalpurpose application software include: Word processors,Spreadsheet and Presentation software.

Special purpose application software is a type ofsoftware created to execute one specific task. Forexample, a camera application on your phone willonly allow you to take and share pictures. Anotherexample would be a chess game, it would onlyallow you to play chess.